2022届高考英语一轮复习必修4Unit3AtasteofEnglishhumour学案含解析新人教

Unit3AtasteofEnglishhumour话题：社会背景【场景背诵】－－体会黑体表达并背诵全文Withtheyoungunabletoaffordtoleavehomeandtheoldatriskofisolation(孤独),morefamiliesarechoosingtolivetogether.Thedoorwaytopeaceandquiet,forNickBrightatleast,leadsstraighttohismother­in­law:shelivesonthegroundfloor,whilehelivesupstairswithhiswifeandtheirtwodaughters.Fouryearsagotheyallmovedintoathree­storeyVictorianhouseinBristol－oneofagrowingnumberofmultigenerationalfamiliesintheUKlivingtogetherunderthesameroof.Theyshareafrontdoorandawashingmachine,butRitaWhiteheadhasherownkitchen,bathroom,bedroomandlivingroomonthegroundfloor.(2020·高考全国卷Ⅲ·C)【话题运用】－－根据提示进行写作1．正如维克多·雨果(VictorHugo)所说，“笑是阳光，能驱散人们脸上的寒冬”，目前为止，在这点上，没有人做得比查理·卓别林(CharlieChaplin)更好。AsVictorHugooncesaid,“Laughteristhesunthatdriveswinterfromthehumanface”，anduptonownobodyhasbeenabletodothisbetterthanCharlieChaplin.2．毫无疑问，地球正在变暖，而地球变暖正是人类活动所致，而非一种无规律的自然现象。Thereisnodoubtthattheearthisbecomingwarmerandthatitishumanactivitythathascausedthisglobalwarmingratherthanarandombutnaturalphenomenon.在认识的单词前打“√”□verbaladj.□comedyn.□depressedadj.□teensn.□charmingadj.□trampn.□moustachen.□worn­outadj.□optimismn.□underdogn.□snowstormn.□chewvt.&vi.□mouthfuln.□enjoymentn.□costumen.□budgetn.□detectiven.□rhythmn.1．contentadj.满足的；满意的n.满足vt.使满足2．ordinaryadj.平常的；普通的3．throughoutprep.遍及；贯穿adv.到处；始终；全部4．overcomevt.&vi.战胜；克服5．outstandingadj.突出的；杰出的；显著的6．messn．脏或乱的状态7．occasionn．时刻；场合8．homelessadj.无家的；无家可归的9．whispern．耳语；低语vt.&vi.低语；小声说10．slidevt.&vi.(使)滑动；(使)滑行n.滑；滑动；幻灯片1．humourn．幽默；滑稽→humorousadj.滑稽的；幽默的2．performern．表演者；演出者→performv．执行；表演→performancen．执行；演出3．entertainvt.&vi.使欢乐；款待→entertainmentn．娱乐→entertainingadj.愉快的；有趣的4．convincevt.使信服→convincingadj.令人信服的→convincedadj.坚信不疑的5．directvt.&vi.导演；指示；指挥adj.直的；直接的；直率的→directorn．导演→directionn．指导→directlyadv.直接地；径直地conj.一……就……6．amusevt.使发笑；使愉快→amusingadj.好笑的；有趣的→amusedadj.愉快的→amusementn．消遣；娱乐(活动)7．astonishvt.使惊诧→astonishedadj.感到惊讶的→astonishingadj.令人惊讶的→astonishmentn．惊讶8．reactvi.作出反应；回应→reactionn．反应；回应9．fortunateadj.幸运的；吉利的→fortunatelyadv.幸运地→unfortunatelyadv.不幸地10．particularadj.特殊的；特别的n．细节；细目→particularlyadv.特殊地；特别地11．brightenvt.使更愉快；使更有希望→brightadj.明亮的；聪明的12．depressedadj.忧愁的；沮丧的→depressingadj.令人沮丧的→depressionn．沮丧13．explanationn．解释；讲解；说明→explainvt.解释；说明14．failuren．失败(者)→failv．失败15．boredadj.厌烦的→boringadj.令人厌烦的[强化训练]一、根据所给提示，用适当形式填空1．AsfarasI'mconcerned，theschooluniformsareabetterchoicethanthetraditionalChinesedressforsuchanoccasion(场合)．(2019·高考江苏卷)2．Asisknowntousall，YuanLongpingisanoutstanding(杰出的)Chinesescientistinagriculture.3．ThenewsthatTomwasadmittedintoafamousuniversityspreadquicklythroughout(遍及)thesmallvillage.4．Thescientististryingtofindacuretohelpordinary(普通的)peoplesufferingfromheartdisease.5．Hisroomisalwaysinamess(脏或乱的状态)，sohismotheralwayscomplainsaboutit.6．DuetoCOVID­19,wecan'tgoabroadthisyear，sowe'llhavetocontentourselveswithaholidayinShanghai.7．Fryhelpedtoimproveprisonconditionsandgavethehomeless(home)workandeducation.8．Sinceourtwinsbeganlearningtowalk,mywifeandIhavekepttellingthemthatoursliding(slide)glassdoorisjustawindow.(2020·高考全国卷Ⅰ)9．Mr.Wangisanamusingpersonwhooftenamusesuswithamusingstories.Sostayingwithhimisreallyakindofamusement．(amuse)10．Alltheplayersweredepressedaboutthedepressingresult，whichdepressedthecaptaintoo.(depress)11．Thefamousperformerissaidtohaveperformedahumorousperformanceatyesterday'seveningparty，whichhasadeepimpressionontheaudience.(perform)12．Tomyastonishment，hedidn'tfeelastonishedattheastonishingnewsthathisbrotherdiedatall.(astonish)13．Fortunately,whenhewentabroadtotryhisfortune，hegainedgreatwealth.(fortune)14．Thechildreninthemountainvillagehavenoentertainment，sotheirteachersoftentellentertainingstoriestoentertainthemafterclass.(entertain)15．Theboyisparticularlyinterestedinmakingmodelplanesbutheisnotparticularaboutwhatheeats.(particular)16．Afterschool，shedirectlywentoffinthedirectionofthecinematoseethenewfilmdirectedbythefamousdirector．(direct)17．Althoughhefailedmanytimes，hedidn'tadmithewasafailure．Hewouldfacethechallengebravelyandtriedtoachievehisgoal.(fail)18．ShetriedtoconvincemethatIwasmistaken.WhatshesaidwassoconvincingthatIwascompletelyconvinced．(convince)19．Hehasagoodsenseofhumourandalwaysactsinahumorousway.(humour)20．Iwantedtoknowhowthestudentsreactedtomywordsaswellasyourreaction．(react)二、熟词生义(写出加黑词的词性及词义)1．(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Suddenly,hesprangtohisfeetandcried,“Ihaveagreatidea！”vi.快速起身2．(2019·高考全国卷Ⅲ)Questionsaboutsubjectcontentaregenerallywelcomed.Beforeaskingquestionsaboutthecoursedesign，readthesyllabus(教学大纲)andlearningmanagementsysteminformationtobesuretheanswerisn'thidinginplainsight.n.内容3.Forasuddenheartfailure，thesinglebestchanceforsurvivalishavingsomeonenearbystepinanddoCPRquickly.n.故障4．(2018·高考全国卷Ⅰ)Wemaythinkwe'reaculturethatgetsridofourworntechnologyatthefirstsightofsomethingshinyandnew，butanewstudyshowsthatwekeepusingourolddevices(装置)wellaftertheygooutofstyle.adj.过时的【联想记忆】1．表示情绪的高频形容词集锦①depressed沮丧的②delighted欣喜的③bored厌烦的④disappointed失望的⑤blue沮丧的⑥sad悲伤的2．“满足；满意”家族①contentadj.满足的；满意的②satisfyvt.使满意；满足③satisfactionn．满足，满意④satisfiedadj.满意的⑤pleasedadj.高兴的；满意的⑥meetvt.满足1．feel/becontentwith对……满足2．convincesb.ofsth.使某人相信某事3．badlyoff穷的；缺少的4．pickout挑出；辨别出5．insearchof寻找6．starin在……担任主角；主演7．uptonow直到现在8．inparticular尤其；特别9．reactto对……作出反应；回应10．cutoff切断；断绝活用一：LiHuawas①badlyoffwhenhewasyoung.Not②feeling/beingcontentwiththelifeinthecountryside，hewenttothecity③insearchofabetterlife.Havingachievedgreatsuccess，hewas④pickedouttoplayaleadingroleinthefilmdirectedbyafamousdirector.Hisperformancewassooutstandingthatthedirector⑤wascontentwithhisacting.活用二：TherearemanyfamousdirectorsinChina，someofwhomhavebeenverypopularwithus，ZhangYimou①inparticular.②Uptonow，hehasdirectedmanyTVseries，whichagreatmanyoutstandingactorsandactresses③starredin.Inordertocreatemoremasterpieces，ZhangYimouandhisteamtrynottobe④cutofffromtheoutsideworld.Theyhaveovercomeallkindsofdifficultiestosatisfytheiraudience.原句展示仿写运用1.AsVictorHugooncesaid，“Laughteristhesunthatdriveswinterfromthehumanface”．..[解读]as引导定语从句，代替后面句子的内容。2．Unfortunatelyhisfatherdied，leavingthefamilyevenworseoff...[解读]现在分词短语作结果状语。3．Byhisteens，Charliehad，throughhishumour，becomeoneofthemostpopularchildactorsinEngland.[解读]by表示“到……为止”，句子常用完成时态。4．Thenhepicksoutthelaceoftheshoeandeatsitasifitwerespaghetti.[解读]asif引导方式状语从句。1.常言道：“只学不玩，再聪明的孩子也会变傻。”Astheoldsayinggoes，“AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.”2．越野赛跑比赛使得我们可以临时从学业中走出来，使得我们精力更加充沛，心情更加愉快。(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)TheCross­CountryRunningRaceallowedustoescapefromourlessonsforawhile,leavingusmoreenergeticandhappier．3．到明年的这个时刻，你们大家就都成为大学生了。Bythistimeofnextyear，allofyouwillhavebecomecollegestudents．4．有些人一失去工作或失恋，就觉得好像到了世界末日。Somepeople，onlosingajoboraspecialrelationship，mayfeelasifitweretheendoftheworld.[词汇精研]1.contentadj.满足的，满意的n．满足；内容；(pl.contents)所容纳之物；目录vt.使满足(satisfy)(1)feel/becontentwith对……满足/满意becontenttodosth.满足于做某事(2)contentoneselfwith满足于[经典例句]Hemadepeoplelaughatatimewhentheyfeltdepressed，sotheycouldfeelmorecontentwiththeirlives.在人们感到沮丧的时候，他可以使他们开怀大笑，于是人们就对自己的生活感到比较满足。表示“对……满意”的常用短语小结：①becontentwith②bepleasedwith③besatisfiedwith④behappywith,【基础检测】－－单句语法填空①Myparentsarecontenttolive(live)inthecountry，wheretheairisfreshandclean.②Shedroppedherpurseandthecontents(content)felloutonthefloor.【能力提升】－－一句多译依我看来，你一定不会满足于这么小的成就。③Frommypointofview，youmustnotbepleasedwithsuchasmallsuccess．④Inmyview，youmustnotbecontentwithsuchasmallsuccess．⑤AsfarasI'mconcerned，youmustnotbesatisfiedwithsuchasmallsuccess．2.astonishvt.使惊诧(affectwithwonder/surprise)(1)Itastonishes/astonishedsb.that...令某人惊讶的是……(2)astonishingadj.令人惊讶的astonishedadj.感到惊讶的(3)astonishmentn．惊讶toone'sastonishment令某人惊讶的是[经典例句]Muchtomyastonishment,shestillrememberedmyname！使我万分惊讶的是，她仍然记得我的名字！【基础检测】－－单句语法填空①Humanbeingswillcontinuetoadapttothechangingclimateinbothordinaryandastonishing(astonish)ways.【能力提升】－－一句多译她不在意我的感情，这使我很吃惊。②Shedidn'tcareaboutmyfeelings，whichastonishedme．(定语从句)③Itwasastonishingthatshedidn'tcareaboutmyfeelings.(astonishing；it作形式主语)④Whatastonishedmewasthatshedidn'tcareaboutmyfeelings.(what引导的主语从句)⑤Tomyastonishment，shedidn'tcareaboutmyfeelings.(astonishment)3.convincevt.使信服；使相信(makesb.feelcertain)(1)convincesb.todosth.说服某人做某事convincesb.ofsth.使某人相信某事convincesb.that...使某人相信(2)convincedadj.确信的；坚信不疑的beconvincedthat...相信……(3)convincingadj.令人信服的；有说服力的[经典例句]Thepictureconvincesmethatitisevenmoreimportanttobeagooddaughterthanagoodstudent.这幅图画让我深信做一个好女儿甚至比做一个好学生更重要。Herargumentsdidn'tconvinceeveryone,butchangesweremade.她的论点不能说服每个人，但还是引起了一些变化。【基础检测】－－单句语法填空①SoIcanserveasavolunteertoguidethevisitorsaroundthegalleryandIamconvinced(convince)thatIamqualifiedforthejob.(2019·高考全国卷Ⅰ)②Convinced(convince)ofthetruthofthereport，hetoldhiscolleaguesaboutit.【能力提升】－－词汇/句式升级③I'maChinesecollegestudent.ImajorinArtandI'mstudyinginLondonnow.IbelievethatIcanbeadevotedvolunteer.(2019·高考全国卷Ⅰ，书面表达)I'maChinesecollegestudentmajoringinArtandI'mstudyinginLondonnow,soIamconvincedthatIcanbeadevotedvolunteer．(合并升级为分词作定语和so引导的并列句；升级加黑词)4.directvt.&vi.导演；指示；指挥adj.直的；直接的；直率的adv.直接地(withnooneinbetween)(2)directionn．方向；方位；指示；说明书(复数)inthedirectionof朝……方向inalldirections朝四面八方(3)directlyadv.直接地；径直地[经典例句]Theyhavebeendirectedtogivespecialattentiontotheproblemofpoverty.他们得到指示要特别关注贫困问题。directly可作连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”。【基础检测】－－写出下列各句中direct的词性和词义①Apolicemanstoodinthemiddleoftheroad，directingthetraffic.vt.指挥②ThesmalltownofRjukaninNorwayissituatedbetweenseveralmountainsanddoesnotgetdirectsunlightfromlateSeptembertomid­March.(2019·高考全国卷Ⅲ)adj.直接的③ThefilmMissGrannydirectedbyChenZhengdaoispopularwithyoungpeople.vt.导演④I'dappreciateitifyoucandirectmetothenearestcinema.vt.指导，指示【能力提升】－－补全句子⑤IknewIhadmadeamistakedirectlyIhandedinmypaper(一交上论文)．5.particularadj.特殊的，特别的(specific)；挑剔的n.细目；细节(detail)……讲究/挑剔(2)inparticular＝particularly尤其；特别同义副词有：specially，especially等。[经典例句]Youshouldpayparticularattentiontospellingwhilewritingacomposition.写作文时，你应特别注意拼写。Itwasagoodconcert－Ienjoyedthelastsonginparticular.那是一场不错的音乐会－－我尤其喜欢最后那首歌。【基础检测】－－单句语法填空①Shehastriedherbest;don'tbetooparticularabout/overherjob.②InIndia,particularly(particular)outsidecities,youngwomenareexpectedtomoveinwiththeirhusband'sfamilywhentheygetmarried.(2020·高考全国卷Ⅲ)【能力提升】－－单句写作③在中国参加朋友的晚宴时，你要行为举止恰当，尤其要注意餐桌礼仪。(2018·高考全国卷Ⅰ，书面表达)Whenyouattendyourfriend'sdinnerpartyinChina,you'dbetterbehaveproperly,particularlypayingattentiontomindingyourtablemanners.6.pickout挑出，挑选(select,choosefrom)；辨别出；领会；理解……中挑出/辨别出某人/某物pickup拾起；捡起；收拾；整理；(偶然)学会；用车接某人；收听到；(身体)好转pickoneselfup跌倒后站起来pickone'spocket扒窃；掏包[经典例句]Carolpickedherselfupandbrushedthedirtoffhercoat.卡罗尔站起身，拍去外套上的灰尘。【基础检测】－－写出下列各句中pickout的含义/单句语法填空①Shewaspickedoutfromdozensofapplicantsforthejob.挑出②Althoughhehadnotseenhissisterfortwentyyears，hepickedheroutassoonasshegotofftheplane.辨别出③Havingreadthepassagemanytimes，Ifinallypickedoutitsmainidea.领会④Muchtoourrelief，myfriendbegantopickupafterstayinginhospitalforseveraldays.7.cutoff切断；断绝cutin插嘴；打断(谈话)cutdown削减；删节；砍倒cutout删掉；剪除cutup切碎；伤心；难过[经典例句]Thetownwascutofffromtherestoftheworldduetoheavysnow.由于大雪，这个城镇与外界隔绝了。Couldyoucutthepizzaup,please?请你把比萨饼切开好吗？Thecancerouscellshadtobecutout.癌细胞必须切除。【基础检测】－－用cut的相关短语填空①Thewatersupplyhasbeencutofftemporarilybecausetheworkersarerepairingoneofthemainpipes.②Shewasreallycutupwhenallherfriendsrefusedtohelpher.③Don'thesitatetocutouttheuselessinformationinyourpassage.【能力提升】－－单句写作④当这些老人的孩子们住得离他们很远时，他们就感觉与世隔绝了。Whentheirchildrenlivedfarawayfromthem,theseoldpeoplefeltcutofffromtheworld.[句式剖析]1.AsVictorHugooncesaid，“Laughteristhesunthatdriveswinterfromthehumanface”·雨果曾经说过：“笑容如阳光，能驱走人们脸上的冬天。”关于这一点，直到今天也没有人能比查理·卓别林做得更好。[教材原句]as引导定语从句(1)关系代词as引导定语从句时，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语等成分。①as引导的非限制性定语从句，有“正如”之意，可放在主句前、中或后，常放于主句之前。②as引导的限制性定语从句，先行词常被thesame，such，as，so等修饰。(2)which引导的非限制性定语从句，只能放在主句后，意为“这一点”，且无“正如/正像……”之意。[经典例句]David,asyouknow,hasnotbeenwelllately.你知道的，戴维近来身体不大好。【基础检测】－－单句语法填空①IcanintroduceChinesepaintingskillstovisitors，whichcanhelpthemknowmoreaboutChineseculture.(2019·高考全国卷Ⅰ，书面表达)②Thereisnosimpleanswer，asisoftenthecaseinscience.【能力提升】－－句型转换/单句写作③Thisissuchadifficultquestionasnobodycanworkout.Thisissuchadifficultquestionthatnobodycanworkitout.④正如所预料的那样，我完全可以胜任这份志愿者的工作。(2019·高考全国卷Ⅰ)Asisexpected,Iamquitequalifiedforthevolunteerposition.2.Unfortunatelyhisfatherdied，leavingthefamilyevenworseoff...不幸的是他的父亲去世了，使得他的家境更加艰难……[教材原句]分词短语作结果状语(1)现在分词作结果状语表示意料、情理之中的结果；(2)不定式作结果状语多表示出乎意料的结果。常用“only＋todo...”结构。[经典例句]Iarrivedonlytofindthattheothershadalreadyleft.我到了之后却发现别人都已走了。【基础检测】－－单句语法填空①Theyreachedthecompanyoutofbreath，onlytobetold(tell)theywerefiredbytheboss.【能力提升】－－句式升级Firstofall，IspeakEnglishfluently.Itallowsmetocommunicatewithvisitorswithoutdelay.(2019·高考全国卷Ⅰ，书面表达)②Firstofall，IspeakEnglishfluently，whichallowsmetocommunicatewithvisitorswithoutdelay．(定语从句)Firstofall，IspeakEnglishfluently,allowingmetocommunicatewithvisitorswithoutdelay．(现在分词短语作状语)Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Weshouldnevercontentourselveswiththeknowledgelearnedfromthebooks.2．Hewasastonishedtosee(see)howhishometownhadchangedinthepast10years.3．I'mafraidthatIcan'tacceptyourargument，foryouhaven'tofferedenoughconvincing(convince)evidence.4．Ifyouhadreadthedirections(direct)carefully，somemistakesintheexamwouldhavebeenavoided.5．Thecompanyhaslaunchedseveraltypesofcarsthisyear，andoneinparticularappealstotheyoung.6．Onthewayhome，hefoundhispocketpicked(pick)．7．Asforsports，Ihavethesamehobbiesasyou.Weallenjoyropeskipping.(2018·高考全国卷Ⅲ)8.Theeventcelebratesits22ndanniversarywithagreatshowoftheverybestofgardening，making(make)itoneofthemostpopulareventsingardening.(2018·高考全国卷Ⅲ)9．Asisknowntousall，notallthepeoplearewillingtovoteforthepeoplewhoareeagertobethewinnersincompetitions.10．Thebusinessmanhasachievedgreatsuccessinhiscareer，butasafather，heisafailure(fail)．Ⅱ.单句改错1．It'ssaidthattheheaviestmaninthiscity，weighedweighing1，345pounds,hasbeensenttohospital.2．WhichAsherealized，Iwasveryusefultohim.3．Thepoorladyleftherdaughtercrycryingathome.4．Thearticleisveryconvincedconvincingthoughitisshort.5．Buttheoldmanseemedcontentforwithhislife.6．Doyouconsideritanygoodlearnlearningpsychology?7．Oh，I'msorry.Thingsaren'tgoingsowellasplanningplanned.Ⅲ.思维训练Step1:先盲填(不看参考词汇只根据语篇逻辑)OnceIwasluckyenoughtowatchCharlieChaplinmakingoneofhisfamousfilms.Iobservedhim1.directingaswellasactinginit.Hehada2.particularmethodoffilm­making.Heplannedthestoryandthen3.performedandfilmedeachscenemanytimes.Isawhimmakingeachscenealittledifferent.ThenIfoundhim4.pickingoutthesceneshelikedbestandjoiningthemtogether,makingthefilmmoreentertaining.Itwasanunforgettableexperienceas5.itwasclearthathedidnotke