2023年福建省厦门重点中学高考英语二模试卷及答案解析

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2023年福建省厦门重点中学高考英语二模试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）ABestTrucksfor2022and20232022RivianR1TThe2022RivianR1Tchargesontothemarketasthefirstmainstreamelectricpickup,anditmakesastrongimpression.TheR1Tisequalpartsworkhorseandadventurevehicle,thoughitselectrified(通电的)powertrainneedstobefurtherenhanced.Still,it'sthefirstofmanyelectricpickupstocome.2022FordF-150LightningTheelectrificationofAmerica'sbest-sellingpickuptruckisatallorder,butit'sajobthattheFordF-150Lightninghaspulledoffwonderfully.TheLightningispowerful,efficient,andcapable.Apartfromrangelimitationswhentowing(拖车),theF-150Lightningiseverybittheworkhorsethatfull-sizepickuptruckbuyershavecometoexpect.2022JeepGladiatorThe2022JeepGladiatorisanhonest-to-goodnesspickuptruck.It'sskilledattowingandpulling,it'sexceptionallycapableoffroad,anditsinnerpartisroomyandbuilttolast.Thetrade-offisthattheGladiatorisn'tascomfortable,quietorwell-equippedasothers.2023GMCHummerEVPickupTheall-new2023GMCHummerEVisdesignedtooffertruckbuyersachancetoreplacetheirgas-poweredpickupswithbattery-poweredones,andit'sarolethattheHummerEVshouldperformconvincingly.Itrides,handles,andspeedsupbetterthanjustaboutanytraditionalfull-sizepickuponthemarket.However,thatcapabilitydoesn'tcomecheap,butoverall,thenewHummergetsalotofpublicattentioninthesmallbutgrowingelectrictruckmarket.1.Whichofthefollowingmayperformbestinthewild?A.2022RivianR1T. B.2022FordF-150Lightning.

C.2022JeepGladiator. D.2023GMCHummerEVPickup.2.WhatmighttheHummerEVimpressbuyersmost?A.Itspowersystem. B.Itstraditionalrole.

C.Itsfuturemarket. D.Itsdrivingexperience.3.Whatdothefourkindsoftruckshaveincommon?A.Theyareelectricpickups. B.Theyareexpensive.

C.Theyhavelargeinnerspace. D.Theyhavedisadvantages.BIhavelivedinruralAmericafornineyears,firstinMichigan,whereIgotmyPhD;thenincentralIllinoisandnowinIndiana,whereIamaprofessor.Inaplacewheremostpeoplehavelivedthewholeoftheirlives,Ifeellikeastranger.TherearefewthingsIenjoymorethancomplainingaboutmygeographicisolation(隔离).Iˈmavegetarian,sothere'snowheretogoforanicedinnerthatisn’t50milesaway.I'mblack,sothere’snowheretogetmyhairdonethatdoesn'tinvolveanother50-miledrive.Andtheclosestmajorairportistwohoursaway.Irecitethesegripes（抱怨）tomyfriends.Weallhavegrandideasaboutwhatlifewouldbelikeifonlywedidthat,orlivedthere.Andthere’sthis:Ireallydon'tintendtochangemostofthethingsIcomplainabout.Gripingisseductiveonthosedayswhenhappinessrequirestoomuchenergy.ButitalsomakesmelosesightofthefactthatIwasbornandgrewupinNebraskaandhavelivedmostofmylifeinoneoftheplainsstates.WhenIgotothecoasts,Iamstruckbyhowunappealingbig-citylivingcanbe.WhileImaynotlovewhereIlive,thereareplentyofpeoplewhoareproudtocallthisplacehome.Atapartywithcolleagues,IwasgoingonabouteverythingIcouldn'tstandinourtownwhenInoticedthattheyweresilentandshiftinguncomfortably.Thatmomentforcedachangeinme.Complainingmayofferrelief,butsodoesacceptance.Thereisnoperfectlife.Byfocusingongripes,Iriskmissingoutonpreciousmomentsofappreciation.WhenIgethome,Istandonmybalcony(阳台),lookintothenightskyandseethestars.IknowthatIhaveabsolutelynothingtocomplainabout.4.Whatcausestheauthor'sloneliness?A.Dietaryhabits. B.Racialprejudice.

C.Educationaldifferences. D.Identityconfusion.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“seductive”meaninparagraph3?A.Attractive. B.Temporary. C.Violent. D.Flexible.6.Howmighttheauthorfeelabouthimselfwhentheatmospherechangedataparty?A.Humbled. B.Angry. C.Touched. D.Calm.7.Whatdoestheauthorrealizeintheend?A.Everydayisbeautiful.

B.WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.

C.Humanmustvaluelivesthemselves.

D.Don'tbepennywiseandpoundfoolish.CToomuchtimespentongaming,smartphonesandwatchingtelevisionislinkedtoheightenedlevelsanddiagnoses(诊断)ofanxietyordepressioninchildrenasyoungasage2,accordingtoanewstudy.Evenafteronlyonehourofscreentimedaily,childrenandteensmaybegintohavelesscuriosity,lowerself-control,lessemotionalstabilityandagreaterinabilitytofinishtasks,reportsSanDiegoStateUniversitypsychologistJeanTwengeandUniversityofGeorgiapsychologyprofessorW.KeithCampbell.Theywereparticularlyinterestedinassociationsbetweenscreentimeanddiagnosesofanxietyanddepressioninyouth,whichhasnotyetbeenstudiedingreatdetail.TwengeandCampbellfoundadolescentswhospendmorethansevenhoursadayonscreensweretwiceaslikelyasthosespendingonehourtohavebeendiagnosedwithanxietyordepression.Overall,linksbetweenscreentimeandwell-beingwerelargeramongadolescentsthanamongyoungchildren.“Atfirst,Iwassurprisedthattheassociationswerelargerforadolescents,”Twengesaid.“However,adolescentsspendmoretimeontheirphonesandonsocialmedia,andtheseactivitiesaremorestronglylinkedtolowwell-beingthanwatchingtelevisionandvideos,whichismostofyoungerchildrenˈsscreentime.”ThestudyprovidesfurtherevidencethattheAmericanAcademyofPediatricsˈ(AAP)establishedscreentimelimits—onehourperdayforthoseaged2to5,withafocusonhigh-qualityprograms—arevalid(有效的),Twengesaid.Thestudyalsosuggeststhatsimilarlimits—perhapstotwohoursaday—shouldbeappliedtoschool-agedchildrenandadolescents,saidTwenge.Intermsofprevention,establishingpossiblecausesandoutcomesoflowpsychologicalwell-beingisespeciallyimportantforchildandadolescentpopulations.“Halfofmentalhealthproblemsdevelopbyadolescence,”TwengeandCampbellwroteintheirpaper.8.WhatdoweknowaboutTwengeandCampbell'sstudyaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Itrequiresfurtherresearch.

B.Itbringschildrenlesscomfort.

C.Itneedsgreaterabilitytofinish.

D.Itgeneratesmorepublicconcern.9.Whatisareasonforthedifferentdegreesofimpactonchildren?A.Theeffectsoftheharmfulcontents.

B.Teens'strongeraddictiontoscreens.

C.Theportabilityofelectronicdevices.

D.Teens'negativeemotionsatdiscipline.10.WhichofthefollowingdotheresearcherswantAAPtodo?A.Providehigh-qualityprograms.

B.Issueminimumscreentimelimits.

C.Applythelimitstoolderchildren.

D.Presentfurtherevidenceforprevention.11.Whatdoesthisstudyfocuson?A.Adolescents'mentalproblems.

B.Thebadhabitsoftheyoungadults.

C.Lowlevelofmentalhealthinyouth.

D.Theimportanceoftheyoungpopulation.DTechnologycausedtheproblemoffalsenews,anditˈseasytothinkthattechnologycansolveitandthatweonlyneedtofindtherighttechnologytosolvetheproblem.Butthisapproachignoresvaluablelessonsconcernedwithhowweacquireknowledge.Tounderstandhowfalsenewscomes,startwithanexample.Imagineyouˈreoutfordrinkswhenoneofyourfriendsshocksthetablewithanunprovenstoryaboutalocalfamouspeople.Thestoryissoshockingyouˈrenotsureitcouldberight.Butthen,hereˈsyourgoodfriend,puttingtheirreputationontheline.Maybeyoushouldbelieveit.Thisisaninstanceofwhatphilosopherscalltestimony(证词).Itˈssimilartothesortoftestimonygiveninacourtroom,butitislessformalandmuchmorefrequent.Testimonyhappensanytimeyoubelievesomethingbecausesomeoneelseprovestheaccuracyoftheinformation.Mostofourknowledgeabouttheworldissecondhandknowledgethatcomestousthroughtestimony.Afterall,wecanˈteachdoallofourownscientificresearch,ormakeourownmapsofdistantcities.Socialmediahasstrangetestimonialrules,anditishardtosolvetheproblemoffalsenews.OnFacebook,Twitterandsimilarplatforms,peopledonˈtalwaysmeanwhattheysay,andwedonˈtalwaysexpectthemto.AstheinformalTwitteradvertisementgoes:“Aretweet(转发推文)isnotanapproval.”Whenawell-knownpoliticianwascaughtretweetingfalsestatisticsaboutraceandcrime,hetoldFoxNewsitwasnˈtabigdeal:“amIgonnacheckeverystatistic?Allitwasisaretweet.Itwasnˈtfromme.”Intellectually(理智上),weknowthatpeopledothisallofthetimeonsocialmedia,andpassalongnewswithoutcheckingitsaccuracy,butmanyofuslistentothemanyway.Theinformationtheyshareisjusttooattractivetoignore—especiallywhenitisaboutourexistingpoliticalbeliefs.12.Whydowetendtobelievesurprisingnewsoverdrinks?A.We’veconfirmedit. B.Wemaybedrunken.

C.Wefinditamazing. D.Wetrustinourfriends.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”refertoinparagraph3?A.Thestatementincourt. B.Thetalkinarestaurant.

C.Theevidenceofacrime. D.Thetestimonyofaphilosopher.14.Whyisiteasyforustobelievethecontentproducersonsocialmedia?A.Wearetolerantoftheiractions.

B.Socialmediahaveissuedoddregulations.

C.Wewillidentifywiththemreadily.

D.Socialmediadon'tchecktheinformation.15.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A.HowtoFixFalseNews

B.HowIncorrectInformationArrives

C.WhatInformationtoAcquire

D.WhenTestimonyDisturbsAudience二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）Artexplorationisnotonlyfunandentertaining,butalsoeducational.Itallowsyouthtopracticeawiderangeofskillsthatareusefulnotonlyforlife,butalsoforlearning.Herearesometipsforgrowingyourup-and-comingartist.Talkwithyourchildabouttheirwork.

(1)

.Whenweask“Whatisit?”,wearesayingthatitshouldlooklikesomethingwe’drecognize.Instead,askopen-endedquestionslike“Tellmeaboutyourpicture.”Youcanalsodescribespecificthingsyourchildisdoingbysayingthingssuchas,“You’remakingshortlines.Iseeyouareusingred,greenandblue.”Dowhatyourchilddoes.Insteadofdrawingyourownpicture,sitdownwithyourchildanddotheiractions.

(2)

.Ifyourchildconcentratesonwhatyouaredrawingorhow“good”yourpictureis,theyarelesslikelytobeimaginativeandcreativeontheirown.

(3)

.Insteadofsittingdownwithaspecificplanoroutcomeinmind,letyourchildexplore,experimentandusetheirimaginations.Theymightmakeabigmessorchangetheirmindseveraltimes—thisisallpartofthecreativeprocess.Support,don’tlead.Haveyouevernoticedthatactivitiesbecomemuchlessfunwhentheyaretoldbysomeoneelse?

(4)

.Soletthemdecidewhatmaterialstheywanttouseandhowandwhentousethem.Maybetheywanttopeel(剥)thepaperoffacrayonanduseitlengthwiseonthepaper,insteadofwritingwiththetip.Getyourchildcreatingandlearning.

(5)

.A.ItisthesamecasewithkidsB.Keeptheprocessopen-endedC.Don'tshifttheirfocusontotheirdrawingsD.It'softenhardtointerpretachild’sdrawingsE.Focusontheproduct,notthecomplexprocessF.Allyou'llneedisapaintbrushandanopenmindG.Makebigorsmalllines,orpracticedrawingcircles16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）Thanksgiving

is

usually

a

busy

time.But

last

year，that

busy

but

normal

life

（1）

when

my

12-year-old，Gillian，got

a

rare

bone

cancer.

My

husband

Kyle，older

daughter

Allison，and

I

（2）

everything

to

care

for

her.For

71

nights，Kyle

and

I

took

turns

（3）

on

the

hospital

sofa.Allison

spent

most

evenings

next

to

Gillian

on

the

hospital

bed

showing

her

（4）

videos

to

take

her

attention

away

from

her

（5）

.

What

（6）

me

deeply

were

other

busy

mothers

who

taught

me

to

accept

（7）

.A

mother

of

Gillian's

best

friend

（8）

me

every

morning

with

comforting

words.Mothers

of

Gillian's

classmates

provided

a

meal

（9）

so

we

would

have

at

least

one

homemade

meal

every

week.Living

in

Atlanta，we

didn't

own

a

car，so

moms

of

Allison's

friends

took

turns

（10）

us

to

the

clinic.Parents

of

Gillian's

friends

ensured

their

daughters

spent

time

with

her

as

（11）

as

they

could.

Gillian

finished

chemo

in

early

July.Despite

her

status

change

from

patient

to

（12）

，she

is

scheduled

for

frequent

follow-up

tests

and

clinic

visits.As

we

prepare

for

this

year's

festivities，we

are

certainly

thankful

for

Gillian's

（13）

and

everyone

who

helped

us

（14）

the

way.But

I'm

also

grateful

our

family

can

appreciate

the

（15）

life

again.21.

A.faded

away B.went

on C.fell

apart D.took

off22.

A.dropped B.lost C.defeated D.destroyed23.

A.sitting B.sleeping C.playing D.reading24.

A.endless B.terrible C.training D.silly25.

A.loneliness B.confusion C.dreams D.pains26.

A.moved B.surprised C.excited D.forced27.

A.responsibility B.help C.presents D.opportunities28.

A.asked B.reminded C.grabbed D.texted29.

A.break B.ticket C.train D.suggestion30.

A.dragging B.driving C.moving D.motivating31.

A.briefly B.long C.often D.appropriately32.

A.winner B.doctor C.survivor D.celebrity33.

A.recovery B.courage C.performance D.future34.

A.out

of B.in C.on D.along35.

A.active B.ordinary C.new D.full四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）36.URUMQI-As

morning

sunlight

shines

brightly

over

the

snowy

mountain，Daliu，an

experienced

ski

（1）

（instruct），gets

his

equipment

and

sets

（2）

for

work.

Nanshan

Mountain

in

Urumqi

is

extraordinarily

beautiful

（3）

it

has

several

popular

pistes

（滑雪道），attracting

crowds

of

tourists

across

the

country

every

year.Looking

up

from

the

valley，we

can

see

the

pistes

（4）

（neat）

lay

on

the

long

slope

and

skiers

（5）

（slide）

fast

down，their

figure

floating

like

a

feather

on

the

snowy

mountain.

Located

in

the

（6）

（gold）

latitudes

（纬度）

of

ice

and

snow，Xinjiang

is

rich

in

ice-and-snow

resources.There

are

more

than

18，600

large

and

small

glaciers

（冰川）

covering

over

24，000

square

kilometers，

（7）

account

for

42

percent

of

the

glacier

area

in

China.The

region

has

become

an

（8）

（intend）destination

for

ice-and-snow

sports，due

to

a

large

amount

of

thick

powder

snow，a

good

climate，low

wind

speeds，bright

sunshine

and

high

mountains

with

moderate

slopes.

The

boom

in

ice-and-snow

tourism

is

bringing

more

business

opportunities

to

local

equipment

factories.Dozens

of

machines

in

the

factory

of

Xinjiang

Huatong

Taike

Play

Equipment

Co

（9）

（run）day

and

night

（10）

（produce）

a

range

of

skiing

equipment.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）37.为庆祝创刊

50周年，你校英文报以"The

Power

of

Reading"为题举办征文活动。请你以此为题写一篇征文稿。内容包括：

（1）阅读的意义；

（2）介绍一本你喜欢的书；

（3）你喜欢的理由。

注意：

（1）写作词数应为80左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

The

Power

of

Reading_______38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

It

was

February

21，the

International

Mother

Language

Day，a

day

to

celebrate

language

and

cultural

diversity.At

the

end

of

the

day，Mr.Brown

gave

us

an

assignment：

"All

of

you

are

to

make

a

presentation

about

your

native

language."

Max，whose

family

came

from

France

and

I，who

was

born

in

China，were

chosen

to

be

the

first

two

presenters.However，both

of

us

were

at

a

loss，wondering

what

should

be

talked

about.Needless

to

say，there

were

many

questions

about

what

he

meant.What

should

be

talked

about？How

many

sentences

are

needed？What

format？Do

we

need

to

write

down

everything？

On

the

way

home

from

school.Max

and

I

scratched

（抓）

our

heads，trying

to

figure

out

the

meaning

of

Mr.Brown's

assignment.At

first，we

thought

he

was

just

giving

an

assignment

to

get

us

back

into

the

habit

of

homework.We

also

wondered

if

it

had

more

to

do

with

how

we

presented

to

our

classmates.Eventually，we

both

decided

we

would

impress

Mr.Brown

and

the

class

with

some

unique

answers.

The

next

day，Max

started

his

presentation

by

asking

the

class

a

question：

"Is

café

an

English

word？"

Some

of

the

students

nodded

while

a

few

shook

their

heads.Max

continued

with

a

smile

and

told

the

class

that

"cafe"

actually

came

from

French.

"As

one

of

the

most

spoken

languages

in

the

whole

world，French

has

a

charm

of

its

own!"

Max

said.He

instructed

the

class

as

if

he

were

a

university

professor：

"It

is

said

that

about

45%

of

the

modern

English

words

came

from

French.

"

After

writing

some

common

French

words

on

the

blackboard，he

began

to

teach

the

class

how

to

pronounce

them.Everyone，including

Mr.Brown，applauded

when

he

was

done，I

clapped

along，excited

and

nervous

about

my

following

presentation.

注意：

（1）写作词数应为150左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

I

was

ready

to

do

some

fun

activities

with

the

class.

_______

Mr.Brown

was

totally

pleased

with

our

presentations.

_______

答案和解析1~3.【答案】C、A、D【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2022年和2023年最佳的卡车。

1.

由文章2022

Jeep

Gladiato部分中的关键句It's

skilled

at

towing

and

pulling，it's

exceptionally

capable

off

road，and

its

inner

part

is

roomy

and

built

to

last.（它擅长拖曳和牵引，它在越野方面非常有能力，它的内部很宽敞，而且建造得很耐用。）可知2022年吉普角斗士在野外表现最好。2.

由文章2023

GMC

Hummer

EV

Pickup部分中的关键句The

all-new

2023

GMC

Hummer

EV

is

designed

to

offer

truck

buyers

a

chance

to

replace

their

gas-powered

pickups

with

battery-powered

ones，and

it's

a

role

that

the

Hummer

EV

should

perform

convincingly.（全新的2023GMC悍马EV旨在为卡车买家提供一个机会，用电池驱动的皮卡取代汽油驱动的皮卡，这是悍马EV应该令人信服地发挥的作用。）可知悍马EV最能打动买家的是它的动力系统。3.

由文章2022

Rivian

R1

T部分中的关键句The

R1

T

is

equal

parts

workhorse

and

adventure

vehicle，though

its

electrified（通电的）powertrain

needs

to

be

further

enhanced.

（R1

T是同等部分的主力和冒险车，尽管它的电动动力系统需要进一步加强。）可知它的电动动力系统需要进一步加强。2022

Ford

F-150

Lightning部分中的关键句Apart

from

range

limitations

when

towing（拖车），the

F-150

Lightning

is

every

bit

the

workhorse

that

full-size

pickup

truck

buyers

have

come

to

expect.（除了牵引时的范围限制外，F-150闪电完全是全尺寸皮卡买家所期待的主力。）可知F-150闪电牵引时范围受限。2022

Jeep

Gladiato部分中的关键句The

trade-

off

is

that

the

Gladiator

isn't

as

comfortable，quiet

or

well-equipped

as

others.（代价是角斗士不像其他的那样舒适，安静或装备精良。）可知2022

Jeep

Gladiato不够舒适安静或装备精良。和2023

GMC

Hummer

EV

Pickup部分中的关键句However，that

capability

doesn't

come

cheap，but

overall，the

new

Hummer

gets

a

lot

of

public

attention

in

the

small

but

growing

electric

truck

market.（然而，这种性能并不便宜，但总体而言，新悍马在规模不大但不断增长的电动卡车市场上获得了大量公众关注。）可知2023GMCHummerEVPickup不便宜。可知这四种卡车共同之处在于它们都有缺点。

4~7.【答案】D、A、D、D【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文中主要讲述了作者来到陌生的地方工作，遇到了各种不适应，开始抱怨，结果最终认识到没有完美的人生，专注于抱怨，自己可能会错过感激的珍贵时刻。

1.

根据第一段I

have

lived

in

rural

America

for

nine

years，...where

I

am

a

professor.In

a

place

wheremost

people

have

lived

the

whole

of

their

lives，I

feel

like

a

stranger.（我在美国农村生活了9年，先是在密歇根州，我在那里拿到了博士学位；然后在伊利诺伊州中部，现在在印第安纳州，在那里我是教授。在一个大多数人一生都在生活的地方，我觉得自己像个陌生人。）和第二段There

are

few

things

I

enjoy

more

than

complaining

about

my

geographic

​​​​​​​

isolation.（没有什么比抱怨地理上的孤立更让我享受的了。）可知，作者在美国的几个地方生活过。由此可知，身份混乱导致了作者的孤独。

2.

根据划线词后文on

those

days

when

happiness

requires

too

much

energy（在那些快乐需要太多精力的日子里）可知，在那些快乐需要太多精力的日子里，抱怨是有吸引力的，因为不需要太多精力。故划线词意思是"有吸引力的"。A．attractive有吸引力的；B．Temporary临时的；C．Violent暴力的；D．Flexible灵活的。故选A。

3.

根据倒数第二段At

a

party

with

colleagues，I

was

going

on

about

everything

I

couldn't

stand

in

our

town

when

I

noticed

that

they

were

silent

and

shifting

uncomfortably.That

moment

forced

a

change

in

me.（在一次与同事的聚会上，我正滔滔不绝地谈论着镇上所有我无法忍受的事情，这时我注意到他们都沉默不语，不安地移动着身子。那一刻迫使我改变了。）和倒数第一段Complaining

may

offer

relief，but

so

does

acceptance.There

is

no

perfect

life.By

focusing

on

gripes，I

risk

missing

out

on

precious

moments

of

appreciation.（抱怨可能会让你放松，但接受也一样。没有完美的人生。专注于抱怨，我可能会错过感激的珍贵时刻。）可知，当聚会的气氛发生变化时，作者冷静了，开始思考自己的行为会带来的不良后果。

4.

根据最后一段Complaining

may

offer

relief，but

so

does

acceptance.There

is

no

perfect

life.By

focusing

on

gripes

，...I

stand

on

my

balcony，look

into

the

night

sky

and

see

the

stars.I

know

that

I

have

absolutelynothing

to

complain

about.（抱怨可能会让你放松，但接受也一样。没有完美的人生。专注于抱怨，我可能会错过感激的珍贵时刻。当我回到家，我站在阳台上，仰望夜空，看星星。我知道我完全没有什么可抱怨的.）推知，作者最后意识到不要因小失大。

8~11.【答案】A、B、C、A【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现结果，该研究表明，在游戏、智能手机和看电视上花费太多时间与儿童或青少年的焦虑或抑郁水平升高和诊断有关。

1.

根据第二段中的They

were

particularly

interested

in

associations

between

screen

time

and

diagnoses

of

anxiety

and

depression

in

youth，which

has

not

yet

been

studied

in

great

detail.（他们对屏幕使用时间与青少年焦虑和抑郁诊断之间的关系特别感兴趣，这一点尚未得到详细研究。）可推断，Twenge和Campbell的研究还需要更进一步。故选A。

2.

根据第四段"At

first，I

was

surprised

that

the

associations

were

larger

for

adolescents，"

Twenge

said.

...and

these

activities

are

more

strongly

linked

to

low

well-being

than

watching

television

and

videos，which

is

most

of

younger

children's

screen

time."（"起初，我很惊讶这种联系在青少年中更大，"特温格说。"然而，青少年花在手机和社交媒体上的时间更多，这些活动与低幸福感的联系比看电视和视频更紧密，而电视和视频是年幼儿童的大部分屏幕时间。"）可知，青少年对于屏幕的使用时间更长，影响更大。3.

根据第五段ThestudyprovidesfurtherevidencethattheAmericanAcademyofPediatricsˈ(AAP)establishedscreentimelimits—onehourperdayforthoseaged2to5,...should

be

applied

to

school-aged

children

and

adolescents，said

Twenge.

（特温格说，这项研究进一步证明了美国儿科学会(AAP)制定的屏幕时间限制(2至5岁儿童每天一小时，重点是高质量的节目)是有效的。Twenge说，这项研究还表明，学龄儿童和青少年也应该受到类似的限制，可能是每天两小时。）可知，Twenge希望AAP能把这种限制用于年龄较大的儿童。4.

根据全文内容以及最后一段In

terms

of

prevention，establishing

possible

causes

and

outcomes

of

low

psychological

well-...Twenge

and

Campbell

wrote

in

their

paper.（在预防方面，确定心理健康低下的可能原因和结果对儿童和青少年人群尤其重要。Twenge和Campbell在他们的论文中写道："一半的心理健康问题是在青春期出现的。"）可推断，他们的研究重点在青少年的心理健康方面。

12~15.【答案】D、B、C、B【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们总认为技术可以解决假新闻这个问题，其实不然，文章分析了假新闻是如何产生的。

1.

由文章第二段中的关键句Thestoryissoshockingyou'renotsureitcouldberight.Butthen，here'syourgoodfriend，puttingtheirreputationontheline.Maybeyoushouldbelieveit.（这个故事太令人震惊了，你不确定它是否正确。但现在，你的好朋友冒着名誉风险。也许你应该相信。）可知你是因为相信自己的朋友才相信这则消息。2.

由文章第三段This

is

an

instance

of

what

philosophers

call

testimony

（证词）.It's

similar

to

the

sort

of

testimony

given

in

a

courtroom，but

it

is

less

formal

and

much

more

frequent.（这就是哲学家所说的证词。它类似于法庭上的证词，但它不那么正式，而且更频繁。）可知，这个"it"指的正是哲学家所说的"证词"，而这个证词指的是第二段的Imagineyou'reoutfordrinkswhenoneofyourfriendsshocksthetablewithanunprovenstoryaboutalocalfamouspeople...Butthen，here'syourgoodfriend，puttingtheirreputationontheline.Maybeyoushouldbelieveit.（想象一下，当你出去喝酒时，你的一个朋友说了一个关于当地名人的未经证实的故事，震惊了整个桌子。这个故事太令人震惊了，你不确定它是否正确。但现在，你的好朋友冒着名誉风险。也许你应该相信。）可知这个it所指的正是在餐厅里的谈话。3.

由文章第三段中的关键句Testimonyhappensanytimeyoubelievesomethingbecausesomeoneelseprovestheaccuracyoftheinformation.（任何时候，当你相信某件事，因为别人证明了该信息的准确性时，证词就会发生。）和最后一段中的关键句Intellectually（理智上），weknowthatpeopledothisallofthetimeonsocialmedia...Theinformationtheyshareisjusttooattractivetoignore-especiallywhenitisaboutourexistingpoliticalbeliefs.（理智上，我们知道人们在社交媒体上一直都是这样做的，并且在不检查准确性的情况下传递新闻，但我们中的许多人还是会听它们。他们分享的信息太有吸引力了，不容忽视尤其是当它涉及到我们现有的政治信仰时。）可知我们会很容易地与社交媒体上的内容生产者产生共鸣，因此我们很容易相信社交媒体上的内容生产者。4.

由文章第一段中的关键句Butthisapproachignoresvaluablelessonsconcernedwithhowweacquireknowledge.（但是，这种方法忽略了与我们如何获得知识有关的宝贵经验。），第二段Tounderstandhowfalsenewscomes，startwithanexample.（要了解假新闻是如何产生的，请从一个例子开始。）以及最后一段中的关键句Socialmediahasstrangetestimonialrules，anditishardtosolvetheproblemoffalsenews.（社交媒体有着奇怪的证言规则，虚假新闻的问题很难解决。）可知，本文解释了假新闻是如何产生的。所以“不正确的信息是如何产生的”作为题目最合适。

16~20.【答案】D、G、B、A、F【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章作者认为艺术探索不仅具有趣味性和娱乐性，而且具有教育意义，并介绍了一些培养孩子艺术探索的技巧。

1.

根据段首句Talkwithyourchildabouttheirwork.（和孩子谈谈他们的作品。）可知，本段主要提供读者一些技巧关于如何谈论孩子的作品；再根据下文Whenweask"Whatisit？"，wearesayingthatitshouldlooklikesomethingwe'drecognize..."You'remakingshortlines.Iseeyouareusingred，greenandblue."（当我们问"这是什么？"，我们是说它应该看起来像我们能认出来的东西。相反，问一些开放式的问题，比如"说说你的照片吧。"你也可以描述你的孩子正在做的具体事情，比如，"你在画短线。我看到你在用红色、绿色和蓝色。"）可知，孩子的作品很难去解读。选项D"通常很难理解孩子的画"与下文内容一致。2.

根据上文Dowhatyourchilddoes.Insteadofdrawingyourownpicture，sitdownwithyourchildanddotheiractions.（做你孩子做的事。与其自己画图画，不如坐下来和孩子一起做他们的动作。）可知，作者建议模仿孩子正在做的事情。选项G"画或大或小的线，或练习画圆"与上文内容一致，指的是模仿孩子正在做的事。3.

空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文Insteadofsittingdownwithaspecificplanoroutcomeinmind...Theymightmakeabigmessorchangetheirmindseveraltimes-thisisallpartofthecreativeprocess.（与其坐下来在脑海中制定一个具体的计划或结果，不如让你的孩子去探索、实验和发挥他们的想象力。他们可能会搞得一团糟，或者几次改变主意这些都是创意过程的一部分。）可知，作者建议读者不要预先制定计划，而是让孩子自己去探索整个过程。选项B"保持过程的开放性"与下文内容一致。4.

根据空前Support，don'tlead.Haveyouevernoticedthatactivitiesbecomemuchlessfunwhentheyaretoldbysomeoneelse？（支持，而不是领导。你是否注意到，当别人告诉你一些事情时，这些事情就变得不那么有趣了？）可知，如果别人告诉你一些事，这些事就没意思了；再根据空后Soletthemdecidewhatmaterialstheywanttouseandhowandwhentousethem.（所以让他们决定他们想要使用什么材料，如何使用以及何时使用。）可知，也不要告诉孩子该做什么。选项A"孩子也是一样"承上启下，既承接上文表示孩子也不喜欢你告诉他们该做什么，又引出下文让孩子自行决定做什么。5.

根据空前Getyourchildcreatingandlearning.（让你的孩子创造和学习。）可知，作者鼓励读者让自己的孩子去创造和学习；选项F"你所需要的只是一把画笔和一个开放的思想"延续上文内容。

21~35.【答案】C、A、B、D、D、A、B、D、C、B、C、C、A、D、B【解析】（1）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.fadedaway褪色；B.wenton继续；C.fellapart崩溃；D.tookoff起飞。句意：但去年，我12岁的女儿吉莉安患上了罕见的骨癌，这种忙碌而正常的生活彻底崩溃了。根据下文"whenmy12-year-old，Gillian，gotararebonecancer."可知，因为女儿患上了罕见的骨癌，作者一家正常的生活彻底崩溃。故选C。

（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.dropped放弃；B.lost失去；C.defeated打败；D.destroyed摧毁。句意：我的丈夫凯尔、大女儿艾莉森和我放弃了一切来照顾她。根据上文"whenmy12-year-old，Gillian，gotararebonecancer."可知，因为女儿患上了罕见的骨癌，所以家人放弃一切来照顾生病的女儿。故选A。

（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.sitting坐；B.sleeping睡；C.playing玩；D.reading阅读。句意：在吉莉安接受化疗的71个晚上，凯尔和我轮流睡在医院的沙发上。根据上文"For71nights，"和常识可知，因为要在医院照顾女儿，所以夜里睡在医院的沙发上。故选B。

（4）考查形容词或名词及语境理解。A.endless无止境的；B.terrible可怕的；C.training训练；D.silly可笑的，荒唐的。句意：艾莉森大部分晚上都在医院的病床上陪着吉莉安，给她看可笑的视频，把她的注意力从疼痛上转移开。根据下文"totakeherattentionawayfromher（5）________."可知，为了转移吉莉安的疼痛，所以给她看一些可笑的视频。故选D。

（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.loneliness孤独；B.confusion困惑；C.dreams梦想；D.pains疼痛。句意：艾莉森大部分晚上都在医院的病床上陪着吉莉安，给她看可笑的视频，把她的注意力从疼痛上转移开。根据上文"to

take

her

attention

away

from

her"可知，给她看一些可笑的视频，是为了转移吉莉安化疗所带来的疼痛。故选D。

（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.moved感动；B.surprised惊讶；C.excited激动；D.forced强迫。句意：让我深受感动的是其他忙碌的母亲教会我接受帮助。根据下文"otherbusymotherswhotaughtmetoaccept（7）________

."及后文可知，其他忙碌的母亲的帮忙与安慰让作者深受感动。故选A。

（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.responsibility责任；B.help帮助；C.presents礼物；D.opportunities机会。句意：让我深受感动的是其他忙碌的母亲教会我接受帮助。根据下文"AmotherofGillian'sbestfriend（8）________meeverymorningwithcomfortingwords.MothersofCillian'sclassmatesprovidedameal（9）________sowewouldhaveatleastonehomemademealeveryweek.LivinginAtlanta，wedidn'townacar，somomsofAllison'sfriendstookturns（10）________ustotheclinic.ParentsofGillian'sfriendsensuredtheirdaughtersspenttimewithheras（11）________astheycould."可知，作者接受了其他忙碌的母亲帮助。故选B。

（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.asked问；B.reminded提醒；C.grabbed抓住；D.texted发短信。句意：吉莉安最好朋友的母亲每天早上都给我发短信安慰我。根据下文"everymorningwithcomfortingwords."可知，女儿最好朋友的母亲每天发短信安慰作者。故选D。

（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.break休息；B.ticket票；C.train列车；D.suggestion建议。句意：吉莉安同学的妈妈们为我们提供了一顿饭，这样我们每周至少可以吃一顿家里做的饭菜。mealtrain指的是在你需要的时候为你做饭的一群朋友或亲戚。根据下文"sowe