MATLAB(GUI)数字图像处理试验报告

本文格式为Word版，下载可任意编辑——MATLAB(GUI)数字图像处理试验报告

2023—2023学年其次学期

课程名称：教学实践Ⅱ:软硬件提高训练任课教师：

题目：MATLAB数字图像处理

学号：ROB12023姓名：年级：2023级专业：自动化

提交日期：年月日

评语：成绩：评卷人：

1.设计目的

利用MATLAB的GUI程序设计一个简单实用的图像处理程序。该程序应具备图像处理的常用功能，以满足要求。

2.设计要求

设计程序有以下基本功能：1）图像的读取、保存和程序退出2）图像转化为灰度图像3）底片处理（反色）4）截图

5）亮度和对比度度调理6）图像的翻转与旋转7）添加噪声8）平滑和锐化9）直方图均衡化处理10）图像的腐蚀和膨胀11）边缘检测12）还原和撤销3.总体设计

4.程序与运行结果

4.1图像的读取、保存和程序退出1．图像读取1）主要程序

A=imread(str)%读取图片imshow(A)%显示图片2）运行结果

2．图像保存1）主要程序

imwrite(handles.img,sfilefullname);%图像的保存

2）运行结果

3．退出1）主要程序

closeall;%关闭所有2）运行结果（略）

4.2图像转化为灰度图像1）主要程序

C=rgb2gray(img);%将rgb彩色图像转换为灰度图2）运行结果

4.3底片处理（反色）1）主要程序

I=imcomplement(handles.img);%底片处理（反色）2）运行结果

4.4截图1）主要程序

a=imcrop(handles.img);%图像的截取2）运行结果

4.5亮度和对比度度调理1．亮度调理1）主要程序

y=imadjust(handles.img,[],[],p1);%亮度调理2）运行结果

2．对比度调理1）主要程序

f=immultiply(handles.img,p1);%对比度加强f=imdivide(handles.img,p1);%对比度减弱2）运行结果

4.6图像的翻转与旋转1．图像的翻转1）主要程序

fliplr(b)%图像的翻转2）运行结果

2．图像的旋转1）主要程序

f=imrotate(handles.img,p1,'bilinear','crop');%图像的旋转2）运行结果

4.7添加噪声1．椒盐噪声1）主要程序

f=imnoise(handles.img,'salt%添加椒盐噪声2）运行结果

2．高斯噪声1）主要程序

f=imnoise(handles.img,'gaussian',p1,p2);%添加高斯噪声2）运行结果

3．乘法噪声1）主要程序

f=imnoise(handles.img,'speckle',p1);%添加乘法噪声2）运行结果

4.8平滑和锐化1．平滑1）主要程序

Imfilter%均值滤波medfilt2%中值滤波2）运行结果

2．锐化1）主要程序

fspecial()%创立预定义的滤波算子

imfilter();imadd();%在实现卷积运算的基础上进行滤波2）运行结果

4.9直方图均衡化处理1．灰度图像1）主要程序

B=histeq(C);%直方图均衡化函数2）运行结果

2．RGB图像1）主要程序

B=histeq(C);%直方图均衡化函数2）运行结果

4.10图像的腐蚀和膨胀1．图像的腐蚀1）主要程序

I1=imerode(handles.img,se);%图像的腐蚀2）运行结果

2．图像的膨胀1）主要程序

I1=imdilate(handles.img,se);%图像的膨胀

2）运行结果

4.11边缘检测1）主要程序

rslt=ycbcr2rgb(uint8(img2));%边缘检测2）运行结果

4.12还原和撤销1．还原

1）主要程序

globalS%设计一个全局变量S，保存初始图像路径，以便之后的还原操作2）运行结果

2．撤销（只能撤销一次）1）主要程序

globalT%设计一个全局变量S，保存每次操作原图像，以便撤销操作2）运行结果

5．心得体会

通过用ＭＡＴＬＡＢ（ＧＵＩ）设计数字图像处理界面，我把握了有关数字图像处

理的相关知识和ＧＵＩ的操作知识，让理论知识与实际相结合，做出了数字图像处理的图形用户界面。

在实践前，通过一天的数字图像处理的相关知识与一天ＧＵＩ的知识的学习，把握了其基本入门知识；然后在实践中，结合要设计要求补充自学相关知识，在实践中验证

prompt={'输入高斯噪声1:','输入高斯噪声2'};defans={'0','0.02'};p=inputdlg(prompt,'input',1,defans);p1=str2num(p{1});p2=str2num(p{2});f=imnoise(handles.img,'gaussian',p1,p2);imshow(f);handles.img=f;guidata(hObject,handles);case3T=handles.img;prompt={'输入乘性噪声1:'};defans={'0.02'};p=inputdlg(prompt,'input',1,defans);p1=str2num(p{1});f=imnoise(handles.img,'speckle',p1);imshow(f);handles.img=f;guidata(hObject,handles);end

%Executesonselectionchangeinpopupmenu7.

functionpopupmenu7_Callback(hObject,eventdata,handles)%hObjecthandletopopupmenu7(seeGCBO)

%eventdatareserved-tobedefinedinafutureversionofMATLAB%handlesstructurewithhandlesanduserdata(seeGUIDATA)

%Hints:contents=cellstr(get(hObject,'String'))returnspopupmenu7contentsascellarray%contents{get(hObject,'Value')}returnsselecteditemfrompopupmenu7

%Executesduringobjectcreation,aftersettingallproperties.functionpopupmenu7_CreateFcn(hObject,eventdata,handles)%hObjecthandletopopupmenu7(seeGCBO)

%eventdatareserved-tobedefinedinafutureversionofMATLAB

%handlesempty-handlesnotcreateduntilafterallCreateFcnscalled

%Hint:popupmenucontrolsusuallyhaveawhitebackgroundonWindows.%SeeISPCandCOMPUTER.

ifispcend

%Executesonbuttonpressinpushbutton17.

functionpushbutton17_Callback(hObject,eventdata,handles)%平滑

%hObjecthandletopushbutton17(seeGCBO)

%eventdatareserved-tobedefinedinafutureversionofMATLAB%handlesstructurewithhandlesanduserdata(seeGUIDATA)globalT

str=get(handles.popupmenu5,'value');axes(handles.axes2);switchstrcase1

T=handles.img;

prompt={'请输入模版维度:'};defans={'3'};

p=inputdlg(prompt,'input',1,defans);p1=str2num(p{1});

h1=fspecial('average',[p1p1]);I=imfilter(handles.img,h1);imshow(I);handles.img=I;

guidata(hObject,handles);case2

T=handles.img;

prompt={'请输入模版维度:'};defans={'3'};

p=inputdlg(prompt,'input',1,defans);p1=str2num(p{1});

ifnumel(size(handles.img))>2A=handles.img;R=A(:,:,1);G=A(:,:,2);B=A(:,:,3);

GP(:,:,1)=medfilt2(R,[p1p1]);GP(:,:,2)=medfilt2(G,[p1p1]);GP(:,:,3)=medfilt2(B,[p1p1]);imshow(GP);handles.img=GP;else

A=handles.img;

I=medfilt2(A,[p1p1]);imshow(I);handles.img=I;end

guidata(hObject,handles);end

%Executesonbuttonpressinpushbutton20.

functionpushbutton20_Callback(hObject,eventdata,handles)%hObjecthandletopushbutton20(seeGCBO)

%eventdatareserved-tobedefinedinafutureversionofMATLAB%handlesstructurewithhandlesanduserdata(seeGUIDATA)clc;

closeall;close(gcf);clear;

%Executesonbuttonpressinpushbutton16.

functionpushbutton16_Callback(hObject,eventdata,handles)%hObjecthandletopushbutton16(seeGCBO)

%eventdatareserved-tobedefinedinafutureversionofMATLAB%handlesstructurewithhandlesanduserdata(seeGUIDATA)globalT

str=get(handles.popupmenu5,'value');axes(handles.axes2);switchstrcase1

T=handles.img;

prompt={'请输入模版维度:'};defans={'3'};

p=inputdlg(prompt,'input',1,defans);p1=str2num(p{1});

h1=fspecial('average',[p1p1]);I=imfilter(handles.img,h1);imshow(I);handles.img=I;

guidata(hObject,handles);case2

T=handles.img;

prompt={'请输入模版维度:'};defans={'3'};

p=inputdlg(prompt,'input',1,defans);p1=str2num(p{1});

ifnumel(size(handles.img))>2A=handles.img;R=A(:,:,1);G=A(:,:,2);B=A(:,:,3);

GP(:,:,1)=medfilt2(R,[p1p1]);GP(:,:,2)=medfilt2(G,[p1p1]);GP(:,:,3)=medfilt2(B,[p1p1]);imshow(GP);handles.img=GP;else

A=handles.img;

I=medfilt2(A,[p1p1]);imshow(I);handles.img=I;end

guidata(hObject,handles);end

%Executesonbuttonpressinpushbutton18.

functionpushbutton18_Callback(hObject,eventdata,handles)%锐化

%hObjecthandletopushbutton18(seeGCBO)

%eventdatareserved-tobedefinedinafutureversionofMATLAB%handlesstructurewithhandlesanduserdata(seeGUIDATA)globalT

str=get(handles.popupmenu6,'value');axes(handles.axes2);T=handles.img;g=handles.img;switchstr

case1

h=fspecial('sobel');case2

h=fspecial('prewitt');case3

h=fspecial('laplacian');end

ifnumel(size(g))>2R=g(:,:,1);G=g(:,:,2);B=g(:,:,3);

R1=imfilter(R,h);

GP(:,:,1)=imadd(R,R1);G1=imfilter(G,h);

GP(:,:,2)=imadd(G,G1);B1=imfilter(B,h);

GP(:,:,3)=imadd(B,B1);

imshow(GP);handles.img=GP;else

g1=g;

g2=imfilter(g1,h);g3=imadd(g2,g1);imshow(g3);handles.img=g3;end

guidata(hObject,handles);

%Executesonselectionchangeinpopupmenu5.

functionpopupmenu5_Callback(hObject,eventdata,handles)%hObjecthandletopopupmenu5(seeGCBO)

%eventdatareserved-tobedefinedinafutureversionofMATLAB%handlesstructurewithhandlesanduserdata(seeGUIDATA)

%Hints:contents=cellstr(get(hObject,'String'))returnspopupmenu5contentsascellarray%contents{get(hObject,'Value')}returnsselecteditemfrompopupmenu5

%Executesduringobjectcreation,aftersettingallproperties.functionpopupmenu5_CreateFcn(hObject,eventdata,handles)%hObjecthandletopopupmenu5(seeGCBO)

%eventdatareserved-tobedefinedinafutureversionofMATLAB

%handlesempty-handlesnotcreateduntilafterallCreateFcnscalled

%Hint:popupmenucontrolsusuallyhaveawhitebackgroundonWindows.%SeeISPCandCOMPUTER.

ifispcend

%Executesonselectionchangeinpopupmenu6.

functionpopupmenu6_Callback(hObject,eventdata,handles)%hObjecthandletopopupmenu6(seeGCBO)

%eventdatareserved-tobedefinedinafutureversionofMATLAB%handlesstructurewithhandlesanduserdata(seeGUIDATA)

%Hints:contents=cellstr(get(hObject,'String'))returnspopupmenu6contentsascellarray%contents{get(hObject,'Value')}returnsselecteditemfrompopupmenu6

%Executesduringobjectcreation,aftersettingallproperties.functionpopupmenu6_CreateFcn(hObject,eventdata,handles)%hObjecthandletopopupmenu6(seeGCBO)

%eventdatareserved-tobedefinedinafutureversionofMATLAB

%handlesempty-handlesnotcreateduntilafterallCreateFcnscalled

%Hint:popupmenucontrolsusuallyhaveawhitebackgroundonWindows.%SeeISPCandCOMPUTER.

ifispcend

%Executesonbuttonpressinpushbutton10.

functionpushbutton10_Callback(hObject,eventdata,handles)%检测

%hObjecthandletopushbutton10(seeGCBO)

%eventdatareserved-tobedefinedinafutureversionofMATLAB%handlesstructurewithhandlesanduserdata(seeGUIDATA)globalT

str=get(handles.popupmenu4,'value');axes(handles.axes2);

ifnumel(size(handles.img))>2I=handles.img;switchstrcase1

T=handles.img;img=I;

[xyz]=size(img);ifz==1

rslt=edge(img,'Roberts');elseifz==3

img1=rgb2ycbcr(img);

dx1=edge(img1(:,:,1),'Roberts');dx1=(dx1*255);img2(:,:,1)=dx1;

img2(:,:,2)=img1(:,:,2);img2(:,:,3)=img1(:,:,3);

rslt=ycbcr2rgb(uint8(img2));end

imshow(rslt);handles.img=rslt;

guidata(hObject,handles);case2

T=handles.img;img=I;

[xyz]=size(img);ifz==1

rslt=edge(img,'sobel');elseifz==3

img1=rgb2ycbcr(img);

dx1=edge(img1(:,:,1),'sobel');dx1=(dx1*255);img2(:,:,1)=dx1;

img2(:,:,2)=img1(:,:,2);img2(:,:,3)=img1(:,:,3);

rslt=ycbcr2rgb(uint8(img2));end

imshow(rslt);handles.img=rslt;

guidata(hObject,handles);case3

T=handles.img;img=I;

[xyz]=size(img);ifz==1

rslt=edge(img,'Prewitt');elseifz==3

img1=rgb2ycbcr(img);

dx1=edge(img1(:,:,1),'Prewitt');dx1=(dx1*255);img2(:,:,1)=dx1;

img2(:,:,2)=img1(:,:,2);img2(:,:,3)=img1(:,:,3);

rslt=ycbcr2rgb(uint8(img2));end

imshow(rslt);handles.img=rslt;

guidata(hObject,handles);case4

T=handles.img;img=I;

[xyz]=size(img);ifz==1

rslt=edge(img,'log');elseifz==3

img1=rgb2ycbcr(img);

dx1=edge(img1(:,:,1),'log');

dx1=(dx1*255);img2(:,:,1)=dx1;

img2(:,:,2)=img1(:,:,2);img2(:,:,3)=img1(:,:,3);

rslt=ycbcr2rgb(uint8(img2));end

imshow(rslt);handles.img=rslt;

guidata(hObject,handles);case5

T=handles.img;img=I;

[xyz]=size(img);ifz==1

rslt=edge(img,'canny');elseifz==3

img1=rgb2ycbcr(img);

dx1=edge(img1(:,:,1),'canny');dx1=(dx1*255);img2(:,:,1)=dx1;

img2(:,:,2)=img1(:,:,2);img2(:,:,3)=img1(:,:,3);

rslt=ycbcr2rgb(uint8(img2));end

imshow(rslt);handles.img=rslt;

guidata(hObject,handles);endelse

g1=handles.img;switchstrcase1

T=handles.img;

g2=edge(g1,'Roberts');imshow(g2);handles.img=g2;

guidata(hObject,handles);case2

T=handles.img;g2=edge(g1,'sobel');imshow(g2);handles.img=g2;

guidata(hObject,handles);case3

T=handles.img;

g2=edge(g1,'Prewitt');imshow(g2);handles.img=g2;

guidata(hObject,handles);case4

T=handles.img;g2=edge(g1,'log');imshow(g2);handles.img=g2;

guidata(hObject,handles);case5

T=handles.img;

g2=edge(g1,'canny');imshow(g2);handles.img=g2;

guidata(hObject,handles);endend

%Executesonselectionchangeinpopupmenu4.

functionpopupmenu4_Callback(hObject,eventdata,handles)%hObjecthandletopopupmenu4(seeGCBO)

%eventdatareserved-tobedefinedinafutureversionofMATLAB%handlesstructurewithhandlesanduserdata(seeGUIDATA)

%Hints:contents=cellstr(get(hObject,'String'))returnspopupmenu4contentsascellarray%contents{get(hObject,'Value')}returnsselecteditemfrompopupmenu4

%Executesduringobjectcreation,aftersettingallproperties.functionpopupmenu4_CreateFcn(hObject,eventdata,handles)%hObjecthandletopopupmenu4(seeGCBO)

%eventdatareserved-tobedefinedinafutureversionofMATLAB

%handlesempty-handlesnotcreateduntilafterallCreateFcnscalled

%Hint:popupmenucontrolsusuallyhaveawhitebackgroundonWindows.%SeeISPCandCOMPUTER.

ifispcend

%Executesonbuttonpressinpushbutton8.

functionpushbutton8_Callback(hObject,eventdata,handles)%翻转

%hObjecthandletopushbutton8(seeGCBO)

%eventdatareserved-tobedefinedinafutureversionofMATLAB%handlesstructurewithhandlesanduserdata(seeGUIDATA)globalT

str=get(handles.popupmenu2,'value');axes(handles.axes2);I=handles.img;ifnumel(size(I))>2switchstrcase1

T=handles.img;b=I(:,:,1);c=I(:,:,2);d=I(:,:,3);

I1(:,:,1)=fliplr(b);I1(:,:,2)=fliplr(c);I1(:,:,3)=fliplr(d);case2

T=handles.img;b=I(:,:,1);c=I(:,:,2);d=I(:,:,3);

I1(:,:,1)=flipud(b);I1(:,:,2)=flipud(c);I1(:,:,3)=flipud(d);end

imshow(I1);handles.img=I1;

guidata(hObject,handles);else

switchstrcase1

T=handles.img;f=fliplr(I);case2

T=handles.img;f=flipud(I);end

imshow(f);handles.img=f;

guidata(hObject,handles);end

%Executesonbuttonpressinpushbutton9.

functionpushbutton9_Callback(hObject,eventdata,handles)%旋转

%hObjecthandletopushbutton9(seeGCBO)

%eventdatareserved-tobedefinedinafutureversionofMATLAB%handlesstructurewithhandlesanduserdata(seeGUIDATA)globalT

T=handles.img;

str=get(handles.popupmenu3,'value');axes(handles.axes2);

prompt={'请输入旋转角度:'};defans={'0'};

p=inputdlg(prompt,'input',1,defans);p1=str2num(p{1});switchstrcase1

p1=-p1;case2

p1=p1;end

f=imrotate(handles.img,p1,'bilinear','crop');imshow(f);handles.img=f;

guidata(hObject,handles);

%Executesonselectionchangeinpopupmenu1.

functionpopupmenu2_Callback(hObject,eventdata,handles)%hObjecthandletopopupmenu1(seeGCBO)

%eventdatareserved-tobedefinedinafutureversionofMATLAB%handlesstructurewithhandlesanduserdata(seeGUIDATA)

%Hints:contents=cellstr(get(hObject,'String'))returnspopupmenu1contentsascellarray%contents{get(hObject,'Value')}returnsselecteditemfrompopupmenu1

%Executesduringobjectcreation,aftersettingallproperties.functionpopupmenu2_CreateFcn(hObject,eventdata,handles)%hObjecthandletopopupmenu1(seeGCBO)

%eventdatareserved-tobedefinedinafutureversionofMATLAB

%handlesempty-handlesnotcreateduntilafterallCreateFcnscalled

%Hint:popupmenucontrolsusuallyhaveawhitebackgroundonWindows.

%SeeISPCandCOMPUTER.

ifispcend

%Executesonselectionchangeinpopupmenu3.

functionpopupmenu3_Callback(hObject,eventdata,handles)%hObjecthandletopopupmenu3(seeGCBO)

%eventdatareserved-tobedefinedinafutureversionofMATLAB%handlesstructurewithhandlesanduserdata(seeGUIDATA)

%Hints:contents=cellstr(get(hObject,'String'))returnspopupmenu3contentsascellarray%contents{get(hObject,'Value')}returnsselecteditemfrompopupmenu3

%Executesduringobjectcreation,aftersettingallproperties.functionpopupmenu3_CreateFcn(hObject,eventdata,handles)%hObjecthandletopopupmenu3(seeGCBO)

%eventdatareserved-tobedefinedinafutureversionofMATLAB

%handlesempty-handlesnotcreateduntilafterallCreateFcnscalled

%Hint:popupmenucontrolsusuallyhaveawhitebackgroundonWindows.%SeeISPCandCOMPUTER.

ifispcend

%Executesonbuttonpressinpushbutton6.

functionpushbutton6_Callback(hObject,eventdata,handles)%亮度调理

%hObjecthandletopushbutton6(seeGCBO)

%eventdatareserved-tobedefinedinafutureversionofMATLAB%handlesstructurewithhandlesanduserdata(seeGUIDATA)globalT

axes(handles.axes2);T=handles.img;

prompt={'调整倍数([0,1]:明[1,~):暗)'};defans={'1'};

p=inputdlg(prompt,'input',1,defans);p1=str2num(p{1});

y=imadjust(handles.img,[],[],p1);%亮度调理imshow(y);

handles.img=y;

guidata(hObject,handles);

%Executesonbuttonpressinpushbutton7.

functionpushbutton7_Callback(hObject,eventdata,handles)%对比度调理按钮

%hObjecthandletopushbutton7(seeGCBO)

%eventdatareserved-tobedefinedinafutureversionofMATLAB%handlesstructurewithhandlesanduserdata(seeGUIDATA)globalT

str=get(handles.popupmenu1,'value');axes(handles.axes2);T=handles.img;

prompt={'请输入参数:'};defans={'1'};

p=inputdlg(prompt,'input',1,defans);p1=str2num(p{1});switchstrcase1

f=immultiply(handles.img,p1);imshow(f);handles.img=f;

guidata(hObject,handles);case2

f=imdivide(handles.img,p1);imshow(f);handles.img=f;

guidata(hObject,handles);end

%Executesonselectionchangeinpopupmenu1.

functionpopupmenu1_Callback(hObject,eventdata,handles)%hObjecthandletopopupmenu1(seeGCBO)

%eventdatareserved-tobedefinedinafutureversionofMATLAB%handlesstructurewithhandlesanduserdata(seeGUIDATA)

%Hints:contents=cellstr(get(hObject,'String'))returnspopupmenu1contentsascellarray%contents{get(hObject,'Value')}returnsselecteditemfrompopupmenu1

%Executesduringobjectcreation,aftersettingallproperties.functionpopupmenu1_CreateFcn(hObject,eventdata,handles)%hObjecthandletopopupmenu1(seeGCBO)

%eventdatareserved-tobedefinedinafutureversionofMATLAB

%handlesempty-handlesnotcreateduntilafterallCreateFcnscalled

%Hint:popupmenucontrolsusuallyhaveawhitebackgroundonWindows.%SeeISPCandCOMPUTER.

ifispcend

%Executesonbuttonpressinpushbutton4.

functionpushbutton4_Callback(hObject,eventdata,handles)%撤消

%hObjecthandletopushbutton4(seeGCBO)

%eventdatareserved-tobedefinedinafutureversionofMATLAB%handlesstructurewithhandlesanduserdata(seeGUIDATA)globalT

handles.img=T;

axes(handles.axes2);imshow(T);

guidata(hObject,handles);

%Executesonbuttonpressinpushbutton5.

functionpushbutton5_Callback(hObject,eventdata,handles)%还原

%hObjecthandletopushbutton5(seeGCBO)

%eventdatareserved-tobedefinedinafutureversionofMATLAB%handlesstructurewithhandlesanduserdata(seeGUIDATA)globalSy=imread(S);

axes(handles.axes2);imshow(y);handles.img=y;

guidata(hObject,handles);

%Executesonbuttonpressinpushbutton1.

functionpushbutton1_Callback(hObject,eventdata,handles)%图像转化为灰度图像

%hObjecthandletopushbutton1(seeGCBO)

%eventdatareserved-tobedefinedinafutureversionofMATLAB%handlesstructurewithhandlesanduserdata(seeGUIDATA)globalT

%设计一个全局变量T，保存初始图像路径，以便之后的撤销操作axes(handles.axes2);T=handles.img;img=handles.img;ifnumel(size(img))>2C=rgb2gray(img);else

C=img;end

imshow(C);handles.img=C;

guidata(hObject,handles);

%Executesonbuttonpressinpushbutton