新人教版英语七年级下Unit4

Unit4Don’teatinclass.【学习目标】【学习重点】：1、初步掌握第19页的生词和句型；2、学习祈使句的用法；3、谈论校规;4.复习must的用法。5.掌握句型：“Imust…”,“Ihaveto…”,“Ican/can’t…”初识祈使句祈使句表示命令、请求、劝告、征求对方意见等，一般省略主语（you）。句末用感叹句或句号，用降调朗读。也可在句前或句末加上please,以使语气更加缓和、客气。Pleasecomein.(=Comein,please)1．肯定祈使句一般以动词原形开头：Runinthehallways.Bequiet,please.2．祈使句的否定形式一般在动词原形前加_________:___________runinthehallways.______belate!3、let开头的句子也是祈使句的一种:Letmehelpyou.让我来帮你。否定形式是“Don’t+let+宾语+动词原形+其它成分”和“Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其它成分”两种Let’snotstayoutside.咱们别待在外面。Don’tlethimgo.不要让他走。提醒：有时，祈使句中的动词或动词词组也可省略。如：Thisway,please.(=Comethisway,please)有时表示强调，可以在动词原形前加do，表示“一定，务必”的意思如：Docomeandhelpme.务必来帮我。No加名词或动词-ing形式可构成否定祈使句，通常用作公共场所的提示语，意为“禁止做某事”Nophotos!禁止拍照！Noparking!禁止停车！重点知识讲解1,Don’tarrivelateforclass.上课不要迟到。①arrive意为到达，作不及物动词。arrivein后接大地方（如城市，国家），arriveat后接小地方（如村庄，车站）②get也可表示“到达”，是不及物动词，后接介词to,再加宾语③reach是及物动词，后面直接可以带宾语后接地点副词时，不加介词in,at,to例Wearrive__theBaiyunAirportfiveminuteslate.A,inB,/C,atD,onarrivelatefor...意为“（做）...迟到”，相对于belatefor2,Don’tfight.禁止打架。fight作动词，意为“战斗，打架，争吵”如：Shedoesn’twanttofightwithhermother.她不想和她母亲吵架。Theyoftenfightwithotherchildren.他们经常和别的孩子斗殴。拓展fightagainst与...作战，为反对...斗争，fightfor为...而战斗（后接表示自由、真理、权利、国家等的名词）Wehavetofightagainstdifficulties,我们不得不同困难作斗争。Theyfightfortheircountry.他们为祖国而战斗。3，Andwealwayshavetoweartheschooluniform.并且我们必须一直穿着校服。①haveto表示客观的需要或责任，意为“不得不，必须”，后接动词原形。haveto有人称、数、时态的变化，其第三人称单数形式为hasto,构成否定句或疑问句时借助助动词do/does.如It’srainingheavily.Wehavetostayathome.正在下大雨，我们只好待在家里。Doesshehavetodoanyhouseworkattheweekend?周末她们得做家务吗？②must表示说话人主观上的看法，意为“必须”。没有人称、时态和数的变化。Youmustbuyatickettogointothecinema.你必须买票进电影院。Youmustlistentotheteacherinclass.课堂上你必须听老师讲课。提醒haveto的否定式是don’t/doesn’thaveto(不必要)must的否定式是mustnot(一定不能，不允许)如Shedoesn’thavetodoallthehomework.她不必做所有的作业。Youmustn’tputyourbikehere.你不允许把自行车放在这儿。③MustI...的否定答语是“No,youneedn’t.”或“No,youdon’thaveto.”如MustIcleantheclassroomnow?我现在必须打扫教室吗？No,youneedn’t.不，你不必。4，Therearetoomanyrules!有太多的规定了！①toomany意为太多，常用来修饰可数名词复数。如Hehastoomanythingsinhisbags.他包里有太多的东西。②toomuch中的too用在much之前，说明“多”的程度，意为“太多”，常用作副词或代词，也可以用作形容词修饰不可数名词如：IswatchingTVtoomuchgoodorbadforyourhealth?电视看得太多对你的健康有益还是有害？③muchtoo中的much用在too之前加强语气，意为“太、非常”，常用在副词或形容词前。如Hedrivesmuchtoofast.他开车开得太快了。Itismuchtoocold.天气实在是太冷了。例Ihave___bookstoreadtoday.A.toomanyB.toomuchC.muchtooD.verymuch5,ButIhavetogotobedbefore10:00但是我必须在10:00之前上床睡觉。gotobed意为“去睡觉”，强调动作。如：Iusuallygotobedatteno’clock.我通常在10点上床睡觉。提醒：beinbed意为“卧床；睡觉”，强调状态例1你应该早点上床睡觉。Youshould____________early.例2我睡觉的时候别制造噪音。Don’tmakenoisewhenI_____________6,...butremember,theymakerulestohelpus.....但是记住，他们制定规则是为了帮助我们。①表示记住将要做某事，remembertodosth;表示记得曾经做过的事，rememberdoingsthHeasksmetoremembertoturnoffthelightwhenIgotobed.他叫我睡觉前记得关灯。Irememberpostingtheletter.我记得把那封信寄出去了。②rememberAtoB表示“代A向B问好”如：Pleaseremembermetoher.请代我向她问好。例Pleaseremember_____anewbiketomorrow.Thisisold.A.buyB.tobuyC.buyingD.buys7,...Ihavetokeepmyhairshort....我必须留短发。keep是动词，意为“保留，保存，保持”，具体用法如下：①keep+形容词，表示保持某种状态Youmustkeepquietinthelibrary.在图书馆你必须保持安静。②keep+sb/sth+形容词，表示使某人/某物保持某种状态Motheralwayskeepsthehousetidy.妈妈总是让家里保持整洁。Toomuchworkkeepsmebusyandtired.太多的工作使我忙碌和疲惫。③keep+名词/代词+介词短语表示让某人一直待在某地/一直把某物保存在某地Keephimintheroomuntilhegetswell.让他待在房间直到病好为止。④keepsb.doingsth.表示“让某人继续/不断地做某事”Hekeptmewaitingforanhour.他让我等了一个小时⑤keepsb./sthfromdoingsth表示“阻止（防止）某人/某物做某事”Theheavyrainkeepsthechildrenfromgoingouttoplay.孩子们因为大雨不能出去玩。例HowlongcanIhaveyourdictionary?_____ittillnextterm.A,HoldB,TakeC,ReturnD,Keep 8,Afterschool,Ican’tplaywithmyfriendsorwatchTVbecauseIhavetodomyhomework.放学后，我不能和朋友一起玩、看电视，因为我必须做家庭作业。这是一个否定句，句中的or有以下几种用法：①并列结构中，or通常用于否定句，and用于肯定句。但有时and也可用于否定句。请注意其不同特点：Thereisnoairorwateronthemoon.Thereisnoairandnowateronthemoon.在否定句中并列的结构用or连接，但含有两个否定词的并列结构实际上被看做是肯定结构，故用and。②or用于连接并列的单词、词组、短语或句子，表示“或者”的意思WecanvisittheWorldParkortravelaroundtheworld.我们可以参观世界公园，或者周游全世界。③or用在选择疑问句中，灵活译为“还是”Isthatanappleoranorange?那是苹果还是桔子？④or用于连接两个并列的句子，表示“否则，要不然”的意思Hurryup,oryou’llbelate.快点，否则你要迟到啦。例Shecan’tspeakEnglish___French.A,alotB,andC,orD,no翻译schoolrules_______________arrivelateforclass_______________(be)ontime_______________inthehallways_____________在餐厅_____________听音乐____________________eatoutside______________wearahat_________________alotof___________________belateforclass_____________不得不__________________穿校服_____________________保持安静_______________keepmyhairshort___________relaxonweekends__________learntoplaythepiano_________readabook________________havefun___________________在家_____________________beontimeforclass_____________inclass____________________wearauniform________________梦想的学校____________不必______________________goout_________________practicetheguitar__________________dothedishes_____________helphismommakebreakfast_______onschoolnights______everySaturday____________放学以后______________在晚上__________________________ 单选（）1.Ifyouarrivelate_______class,youmustsay_______toyourteacher. A.for,thanksB.for,sorryC.to,sorry（）2.—

Canyousingintheclassroom?

—_________________A.Yes,youcan. B.No,Ican.C.Yes,wecan.（）3.Don’tarrivelate.Youmustbe________time.A.toB.onC.at（）4.Pleaselisten_______theteachercarefully(认真地).A.toB.onC.at（）5.Don’t_______TVafterclass.A.watchB.watchesC.watching()6.—Whataretheschoolrules?—We_______listentomusicinclass.A.don’tB.can’tC.aren’t()7.Don’t________class.A.belateB.lateforC.belatefor()8.Thereare________rulesinourschool.A.alotsofB.alotofC.lotof（）9.Ihaveto_______theroomeverymorning. A.cleanB.cleansC.cleaning（）10.—

Doesshehavetogotobedat9:00?

—Yes,she__________.A.has B.haveC.does（）11.Don’tlistenmusicintheclassroomhallways.

A.to;and B.to;orC.at;or （）12.Shelostherbike.She_______walktoschool.A.havetoB.hastoC.has（）13.We________toweartheschooluniformeveryday.A.nothaveB.havenotC.don’thave（）14.Ginaoftenhelpshermother________thedishes.A.do B.doesC.doing（）15.—_________youhavetowearahattoday?—No,wedon’t.A.AreB.Can C.Do（）16.Wedon’tknowJack_____Bruce.A.andB.orC.about（）17.Ican’trelax_______.A.tooB.alsoC.either（）18.Therearetoomany________inthekitchen.A.vegetablesB.milk C.rice（）19.Onschoolnights,Ihavetogotobed________9:00.A.onB.inC.before()20.—CanwespeakChinese?—_______.A.Yes,youcanB.OK,youspeakC.No,youdon’t()21.—_________.Yourfatherissleepingintheroom.—Oh,sorry.A.NottalkB.NottalkingC.Notalking()22.Don’teat________class.A.atB.inC.to选择相应的短语补全对话A：Wehavealotofrulesinourschool.B：____1_____A：Don’teatintheclassroom.Don’truninthehallways.Don’tlistentomusicintheclassroom._____2____B：_____3_____A.No,wecan’t.B.Dowehavetowearuniforms?C.Canweeatinschool?D.Don’tarrivelateforschool.E.Whataretherules?A：Wecaneatinthedininghall,butwecan’teatintheclassroom.B：Canwewearhatsinschool?A：_____4_____B：_____5_____A：No,wedon’thaveto.B：Oh,therearetoomanyrules.IIA.No,wecan’t.B.No,hedoesn’t.C.Thatsoundsgood.D.Sorry,Mr.Green.E.Well,wehavetoweartheschooluniform.I（）1.Don’tbelateforclassnexttime,Helen.（）2.Whataresomeoftherules?（）3.Canwelistentomusicintheclassroom?（）4.Let’shavesomebananas!（）5.Doeshehavetogonow?“译”展身手LindaisanAmericangirl.Sheisagoodstudent.Everymorningshegetsupat6:00.Shehasbreakfastathome.(1)Thenshewearsheruniformandgoestoschool.Shestudieshardeveryday.(2)她在餐厅吃中饭whensheisatschool.Afterschool,(3)shedoesherhomeworkfirst,andthenshecleanstheroomand(4)帮助她妈妈做晚饭.Beforeshegoestobed,sheusuallyreadssomebooks.Thenat10:00p.m.shegoestobed.(5)Shethinkssheishappyeveryday.Whatdoyouthink?(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)阅读下面的短文，选择正确的答案。DearDave,I’mnothappy.Therearetoomanyrulesinmyhouse.Itisn’tfair.Ihavetogetupatfiveo’clockeverymorning.Ican’tarrivelateforschool.Ihavetobethereateighto’clock.IhavetocomebackhomeafterschoolbecauseIhavetodomyhomework.IntheeveningIcan’twatchTVbecauseIhavetohelpmymothermakedinnerandwashthedishes.Ihavetogotobedbeforeteno’clock.Onweekends,IhavetostayathomeonSaturdaymorning.Ihavetocleanmyroomandwashmyclothesbyeleveno’clock.OnSaturdayafternoon,Ihavetogotothechildren’spalacetolearnthepiano.Doyouhavelotsofrules?Aretheyfair?Yourfriend,Alice()1.Whoistheletterfrom?A.Dave. B.Alice. C.Alice’smother.()2.WhattimedoesAlicehavetogetup?A.Fiveo’clock.B.Eigh