双轴并联插电式混合动力汽车能量管理策略及换挡规律研究

双轴并联插电式混合动力汽车能量管理策略及换挡规律研究摘要：

随着汽车工业的不断发展和环保意识的不断提高，混合动力汽车在全球范围内受到了广泛关注和研究。本文以双轴并联插电式混合动力汽车为研究对象，探索了其能量管理策略和换挡规律对车辆性能和经济性的影响。首先，对车辆驱动系统进行建模，设计并实现了基于PID控制的能量管理算法。其次，结合实测数据，分析了能量管理算法对车辆驱动系统控制和制动能量回收的优化作用。最后，针对实际路况中的换挡过程，提出了基于车速和启动电机电流的换挡规律，并进行了实验验证。实验结果表明，该能量管理策略和换挡规律能有效提高车辆的燃油经济性和动力输出性能。

关键词：混合动力汽车；双轴并联；能量管理；换挡规律；PID控制

Abstract：

Withthecontinuousdevelopmentoftheautomotiveindustryandtheincreasingenvironmentalawareness,hybridelectricvehicleshavebeenwidelystudiedandresearchedworldwide.Thispaperexplorestheimpactofenergymanagementstrategiesandshiftrulesonvehicleperformanceandeconomywiththedouble-axisparallelplug-inhybridelectricvehicleastheresearchobject.Firstly,thevehicledrivingsystemismodeled,andtheenergymanagementalgorithmbasedonPIDcontrolisdesignedandimplemented.Secondly,combinedwiththemeasureddata,theoptimizationeffectoftheenergymanagementalgorithmonthecontrolofthevehicledrivingsystemandtherecoveryofbrakingenergyisanalyzed.Finally,basedontheactualroadconditions,ashiftrulebasedonvehiclespeedandstartmotorcurrentisproposedandexperimentallyverified.Theexperimentalresultsshowthattheenergymanagementstrategyandshiftrulecaneffectivelyimprovethefueleconomyandpoweroutputperformanceofthevehicle.

Keywords:hybridelectricvehicle;double-axisparallel;energymanagement;shiftrule;PIDcontroIntheenergymanagementstrategy,thepowerdistributioncontrolbetweentheengineandmotoriscrucialforimprovingthefueleconomyandpoweroutputperformanceofthehybridelectricvehicle.TheproposedpowerdistributioncontrolalgorithmbasedonPIDcontrolutilizesthereal-timeinformationofthedrivingconditionstoadjusttheoutputtorqueoftheengineandmotordynamically.ThesimulationresultsshowedthattheproposedPIDcontrolalgorithmcanachieveasmoothandefficientpowerdistributioncontrolbetweentheengineandmotor,whichhelpstoimprovethefueleconomyandpoweroutputperformanceofthevehicle.

Furthermore,therecoveryofbrakingenergyisalsocrucialfortheenergymanagementofthehybridelectricvehicle.Theproposedregenerativebrakingsystemcanrecoverthekineticenergyofthevehicleduringbrakingandconvertitintoelectricalenergytochargethebattery.Thesimulationresultsshowedthattheregenerativebrakingsystemcansignificantlyimprovethefueleconomyofthevehicle,especiallyintheurbandrivingcycle.

Basedontheanalysisofthevehicledrivingsystemandtherecoveryofbrakingenergy,ashiftrulebasedonvehiclespeedandstartmotorcurrentisproposedandexperimentallyverified.Theshiftruleaimstooptimizethegearshifttimingandreducetheenergyconsumptionofthevehicle.Theexperimentalresultsshowedthattheproposedshiftrulecaneffectivelyimprovethefueleconomyandpoweroutputperformanceofthevehicle,especiallyinthehigh-speeddrivingconditions.

Inconclusion,theenergymanagementstrategyandshiftruleproposedinthispapercaneffectivelyimprovethefueleconomyandpoweroutputperformanceofthehybridelectricvehicle.TheanalysisandexperimentalverificationprovideatheoreticalbasisandpracticalguidanceforthedesignandoptimizationofthehybridelectricvehicledrivetrainAdditionally,theenergymanagementstrategyandshiftrulecanalsocontributetoreducingemissionsandpromotingsustainabledevelopmentintheautomotiveindustry.Withtheincreasingdemandforcleanenergyandenvironmentalprotection,thedevelopmentofhybridelectricvehicleshasbecomeasignificanttrendintheautomotiveindustry.

Moreover,theproposedstrategyandrulecanbeappliedtodifferenttypesofhybridelectricvehicles,includingseries,parallel,andpower-splitconfigurations.Thespecificimplementationandoptimizationmayvarydependingonthevehiclecharacteristicsandoperatingconditions,butthefundamentalprinciplesandconceptsremainthesame.

Overall,theenergymanagementstrategyandshiftrulehavesignificantpotentialforimprovingtheperformanceandefficiencyofhybridelectricvehicles,whichcanbenefitboththemanufacturersandtheconsumers.Therefore,furtherresearchanddevelopmentinthisareaarewarrantedtoexploremoreadvancedandrobustapproachesforenergymanagementandtransmissioncontrolinhybridelectricvehiclesInadditiontoenergymanagementstrategiesandshiftrules,thereareotherareasofresearchanddevelopmentthatcancontributetotheperformanceandefficiencyofhybridelectricvehicles.Onesuchareaistheoptimizationofbatterytechnologyanddesign.

Currently,mosthybridelectricvehiclesuselithium-ionbatteries,whichprovideahighenergydensityandrelativelylongcyclelife.However,thesebatteriesarestillquiteexpensiveandhavesomelimitationsintermsofsafety,durability,andperformanceinextremetemperatures.

Toaddresstheseissues,researchersareexploringnewbatterychemistriesanddesigns,suchassolid-statebatteriesandlithium-sulfurbatteries,thatcouldpotentiallyofferbetterperformanceandlowercost.Theyarealsoinvestigatingwaystoimprovethesafetyanddurabilityoflithium-ionbatteries,suchasbyusingadvancedmaterialsandcoatings,anddevelopingmoreaccurateandreliablebatterymanagementsystemsthatcanmonitorandoptimizethebattery'sperformanceinreal-time.

Anotherareaofresearchisthedevelopmentofadvancedpropulsionsystems,suchasfuelcellsandhydrogen-poweredengines,thatcouldpotentiallyprovideevenhigherefficiencyandloweremissionsthancurrenthybridelectricdesigns.Whilethesetechnologiesarestillintheearlystagesofdevelopment,theyholdgreatpromiseforthefutureoftransportation.

Inconclusion,hybridelectricvehiclesofferapromisingsolutiontothechallengesofreducingemissionsandimprovingenergyefficiencyinthetransportationsector.Byusingadvancedenergymanagementstrategies,shiftrules,andbatterytechnology,thesevehiclescanachievesignificantimprovementsinperformancea