读后续写之生动描写（二）讲义-高三英语写作专项

四、环境描写环境描写包括社会环境描写和自然环境描写。一般来说，环境描写可以烘托氛围，从而折射出人物的心理状态。这样的写作虽然没有直白地告诉读者人物的心理状态，但是读者可以推测出人物的心理，文章会更加引人入胜。例1：Asnightfell，HenryandBillheardthefirstcry，ahorriblewail，terrifyinginthestillness.夜幕降临，亨利和比尔听到了第一声嚎叫，这可怕的叫声打破了夜晚的寂静。解析：通过对周围环境的描写，如“Asnightfell”、“ahorriblewail，terrifyinginthestillness”展现了两位主人公此时此刻的境地，并暗示了主人公的心情。例2：Thesunbeamscouldnotreachhim；thedustdidnotyetrisefromtheroadaftertheheavyrainofyesterday；andhisgrassylairsuitedtheyoungmanbetterthanabedofdown.没有一丝阳光可以晒到他，昨天大雨过后路上还没有扬起尘土，那翠绿的栖身之地比天鹅绒床更加惬意。解析：这一段描写了“sunbeams”、“theroad”、“grassylair”等周围环境，虽然没有一字提到主人公的心情如何，但读者可以通过这样美好的环境推测出主人公惬意的心情。环境描写高级表达：1.Snowlaythickontheground.地上积着厚厚的雪。2.Thehousewasoverrunwithivy.房屋上爬满了常春藤。3.Thespringmurmureddrowsilybesidehim.泉水在他耳边发出昏昏沉沉的低语。4.Themapleleavesaretingedwithautumnred.枫叶被染上了秋天的红色。5.Thewaterrisesupandrunsbetweenhertoes.水涨起来了，从她的脚趾间流过。6.Immediately,anabsolutedarknessruledthegarden.突然，花园里一片漆黑。7.Animmenselandscapestretchedaroundthemoneveryside.大片风景在他们四周伸展开来，一望无垠。8.Atthatmoment,moreshrillwolfishcriesrippedthenightair.那时，更多尖锐的狼嚎声响彻天际。9.HereinNorthGeorgiawasaruggedsectionheldbyahardypeople.这是北乔治亚州的一个崎岖地区，这里的人民吃苦耐劳。10.Thesunshoneandtheshipskimmedbeforethebreezelikeabird.阳光明媚，船像鸟一样在微风中掠过。11.Thebrancheswaveddreamilyacrosstheblueskyoverhishead.枝条在他头顶的蓝天上如梦一般地飘动着。12.Thewebsofvapourbythistimeformedveilsbetweenthetrees.这时候，夜雾已在大树之间织成了一张张薄纱。13.ThefloorswerecoveredwiththerichestcarpetsTurkeycouldproduce.地板上铺着土耳其能生产的最昂贵的地毯。14.Theleavescrunchedbeneathhisfeetashewalkeddownthestreet.当他行走在街道上，树叶在他的脚下嘎吱作响。15.Thefamilygatheredgailyintheoldgrayroomdimlylightedbytwocandles.在这间点了两支蜡烛的灰色的旧客厅里，一家人居然欢声不断。16.Itwassoquietinthehallthatthesoundofaneedleinthegroundcouldbeheard.大厅里很安静，连一根针掉在地上的声音都听得见。17.Thecliffswereringedwithfallenrockswherethebreakerscrashedfoamingwhite.悬崖四周都是落石，浪花溅起白色的泡沫。18.Thereappearedalittletuftofmaples,withadelightfulrecessinthemidst,andsuchafreshbubblingspring.一小簇茂密的枫树出现在眼前，树丛中间有一个漂亮的凹陷，清澈的泉水从中涌出。19.Thewindbeatagainstthewindow,wakingMaryup;shelistenedasthewindhowledroundthehouseanddownherchimney.风敲打着窗户，吵醒了玛丽；她听到风在房子周围呼啸着，顺着烟囱吹下来。20.Therewasnotasoulondeck,onlymuddyfootprintsandabrokenbottlerollingbackwardsandforwardswiththeriseandfalloftheship.甲板上没有一个人，只有一些泥脚印和一个随着船的起落前后滚动的破瓶子。练习：选择适当的选项补全下列句子。Exercise1inathickblanketofwhiteB.nowdampandrankwithjuicygrassC.therichsoilmudD.bothofthemblamelessblueE.theforestseemedtobeholdingitsbreath1.Thelakemirroredtheskyabove,________________.2.Itwaswinter,andthegardenwascovered______________.3.Thegoldofthesummerpicturewasnowgray,______,andtherivercold.4.Hotafternoonairhungheavyandunnaturallyquiet.Beyondthebubblingspring,__________.5.Thegardenhadbeenleftuncultivated（未耕种的）forsomeyears，andwas_______，andwithtallbloomingweedsemitting（散发）badsmells.Exercise2thesunshoneasclearlynowaseverassistedbyasecondarybluelightshiningdownthechimneyandabrilliantyellowsilkfabrictobehungacrossthedoorthewoodfloorswerecoveredwithbrightcarpetsE.avoiceseemedtocomefromtherustlingleaves1.Thebrancheswaved,and______________.2.Thepaperedwallsproudlydisplayedpaintings,while______________.3.Thelightfromthelong,widewindowoppositeshoneinuponhiscorner,and_______,enabledhimtoreadthereeasilywheneverdisposedtodoso.4.Inthemorningmysisterhadcausedthewalltobewhitened,andthedeskreddened,_________inplaceoftheoldbluecottononewhichhadformerlydonedutyhere.5.Whateveritsconsequences，timewouldcloseoverthem；theywouldallinafewyearsbeasiftheyhadneverbeen.Meanwhilethetreeswerejustasgreenasbefore;and______________.答案：Exercise11.D2.A3.C4.E5.BExercise21.E2.D3.B4.C5.A五、情绪语料库（一）表现人物喜乐的表达短语：1.brightenone'sheart使某人心情愉快2.keepupone'sspirit振作精神3.beoverwhelmedwith被……（强烈的感情）充溢4.indescribablywildjoy难以形容的开心5.kindleone'spassionin...点燃某人对……的热情6.besomuchdelightedwithsth.对……很高兴7.befascinatedbythespectacleof被……壮观景象所吸引8.amixtureofexcitementandhappiness既兴奋又开心句子：Mary'seyeslitup.玛丽的眼睛亮了起来。2.Heshedtearsofjoy.他高兴得流下了眼泪。3.Joywelledupinsidehim.他心中涌起喜悦。4.“Well，Idolikebirds！”Marygrinned.“是的，我确实喜欢小鸟！”玛丽咧嘴笑着。5.Hesoonreturned,hiswholefacebeamingwithdelight.他很快就回来了，高兴得满脸通红。6.Aboywithacheeryfaceboundedintotheroom,laughing.一个兴高采烈的男孩笑着蹦蹦跳跳地进了房间。7.Anexpressionofintensejoyilluminatedtheoldman'seyes.老人眼神中闪烁着欣喜的光芒。8.Theyounggirlblushedwithdelightandleaped.年轻姑娘高兴得脸都红了，跳了起来。9.Therewassomethinginhisdiscussionthatmademechokewithlaughter.在他的讨论中有一些东西让我笑得喘不过气来。10.Therewascolor,light,andlifeintheboy'sfacenow,vivacityinhismanner,andgenuinemerrimentinhislaugh.这孩子的脸上现在有了颜色、光明和生机，他的举止活泼，他的笑声中带着真正的快乐。11.“Oh!Thatdoesmenoendofgood.Tellon,please,”hesaid,takinghisfaceoutofthesofacushion,redandshiningwithmerriment.“哦！那对我有莫大的好处。请讲下去。”他说着，脸离开了沙发靠垫，兴奋得满脸通红。12.Atthebackofhischairshestoppedandstoodlistening,withhereyeswideopenandhercheeksredwithexcitementofthisunusualperformance.她在他的椅背后停下脚步，站在那里听着，眼睛睁得大大的，脸颊也因这次不寻常的表演而泛着激动的潮红。段落：Thesingingofthissongthrewtheanimalsintothewildestexcitement.AlmostbeforeMajorhadreachedsheend,theyhadbegunsingingitforthemselves.Eventhestupidestofthemhadalreadypickedupthetuneandasewofthewords,andasforthecleverones,suchasthepigsanddogs,theyhadtheentiresongbyheartwithinafewminutes.Andthen,afterafewpreliminarytries,thewholefarmburstoutintoBeastsofEnglandintremendousunison.Thecowslowedit,thedogswhinedit,thehorsewhinniedit,theducksquackedit.Theyweresodelightedwiththesongthattheysangitrightthroughfivetimesinsuccession，andmighthavecontinuedsingingitallnightiftheyhadnotbeeninterrupted.唱着这支歌，动物们陷入了情不自禁的亢奋之中。几乎还没等少校唱完，他们就已经自己唱了起来。即便是最迟钝的动物也已经学会曲调和一些歌词了，至于聪明一些的动物，如猪和狗，几分钟内就记住了整首歌。之后他们又练了几遍，整个农场顿时整齐地回荡着《英格兰兽》，牛唯唯地叫，狗汪汪地吠，马嘶嘴地鸣，鸭子嘎嘎地吃唱着这首歌，他们是那么兴奋，以至于整整连着唱了五遍，要不是中途被打断，他们真有可能唱个通宵。（二）表现人物急躁愤怒的表达短语：1.rageatsb.对某人大发脾气2.beboilingwithrage怒火中烧3.stampone'sfootinanger愤怒地跺脚4.scarletwithshameandanger因羞愧和愤怒而涨得满脸通红5.express/voiceacomplaintabout对……表示不满6.bespeechlesswithindignation气得说不出话来7.bedispleasedatone'sconduct对某人的行为感到不满8.runoutoftheroominaburstofanger怒气冲冲地跑出房间句子：Hefaredupattheword.他一听到那句话就勃然大怒。2.ColinstaredatMarycrossly.柯林生气地瞪着玛丽。3.Mary'sfaceturnedtothunder.玛丽的表情变得愤怒起来。4.Shewasbreathingfireandfury.她充满着怒火。5.Uriah'seyesburnedwithhatred.尤赖亚的眼睛里充满了仇恨。6.Thedreadfulmanleapedoutofhischairwitharoar.那可怕的人咆哮着从椅子上跳了起来。7.AflushofangerspreadacrossMr.Murdstone'scheeks.一抹愤怒的红晕掠过摩德斯通先生的面颊。Shestrodeuptothescreamingboyandstampedherfoot.她大步走到那个尖叫的男孩跟前，跺着脚。9.Heathcliffthrustherawayfromhimanddashedfromtheroom.希刺克厉夫把她推开，从房间冲了出去。10.Hestartedpullinghishairout,andbeatinghisheadwithhisownfists.他开始扯自己的头发，用拳头捶打自己的头。11.Sheheardtheyalwaystalkedaboutherbehindherback,whichmadeherbloodboil.她听说他们总在背后说她，这使她非常生气。12.“Whosaidthat？”heroared，clenchinghisfistsasifreadytofightallthestudentsatonce.“谁说的？”他攥紧拳头吼道，好像马上要和所有的学生打架。段落：Tousetheexpressive,ifnotelegant,languageofaschoolgirl,“Hewasasnervousasawitchandascrossasabear”.Theword“limes”waslikefiretopowder,hisyellowfaceflushed,andherappedonhisdeskwithanenergywhichmadeJennyskiptoherseatwithunusualrapidity.用女学生们生动但不算优雅的语言来说：“他如同女巫一样紧张，如同熊一样暴躁。”“边界”一词如同引发火药的火源一般使得他蜡黄的脸颊发红，他用力敲打着桌子，吓得珍妮迅速跳回到她的座位上。表现人物悲伤消沉的表达短语：grieveoversth.因失去某物而感到悲伤2.bedisheartenedby因……而沮丧3.withasinkingheart怀着沉重的心情4.fallintodespair陷入绝望5.aflashofgriefcomesuponsb.某人感到一阵悲伤6.putoasentimentalmood让某人很伤感7.raiseastormoffrustration引发一阵挫败感8.getsuckedintoawhirlpoolofnegativity陷入消极的漩涡句子：1.Awaveofpainranoverher.一阵剧痛向她袭来。2.Summerleewaswhitewithhorror.萨莫里吓得脸色发白。3.TheideaofdangermadeConseilgopale.一想到危险，康塞尔的脸色就变白了。4.Shesobbed,hidingherfaceinherhands.她掩面而泣。5.Sheoftenturnedasidetowipeawayatear.她常常扭过头去擦眼泪。6.Theysattherewithglumlooksontheirfaces.他们一脸忧郁地坐在那里。7.Thenewscastacloudofgloomoverhisface.这消息使他脸上蒙上了一层阴影。8.Afrow