淮南煤田奥陶系古岩溶成因机理及预测研究

淮南煤田奥陶系古岩溶成因机理及预测研究摘要：

淮南煤田是华东地区主要的煤田之一，其煤层主要分布在奥陶系地层中，深入研究奥陶系古岩溶成因机理有助于预测深部煤层的分布及开采难度，为淮南煤田的煤层资源开发提供理论依据。本文分析了淮南煤田奥陶系古岩溶发育特征，并提出了三种可能的成因机制。通过对淮南煤田局部区域地质资料的分析及对既有研究成果的综合分析，将其讨论成因机制进行了筛选和优选，最终确定成因机制为热液充填型岩溶。本文还利用地质统计学和数值模拟技术进行煤田内部岩溶体容量的预测和分析，提出了淮南煤田煤层开采的可行性完整方案。

关键词：淮南煤田；奥陶系古岩溶；成因机理；地质统计学；数值模拟

Abstract:

HuainanCoalfieldisoneofthemajorcoalfieldsineasternChina,withitscoalseamsmainlydistributedintheOrdovicianstrata.In-depthstudyoftheformationmechanismofancientkarstintheOrdovicianstratacanhelppredictthedistributionandminingdifficultyofdeepcoalseamsintheHuainanCoalfield,andprovidetheoreticalbasisforthedevelopmentofcoalresourcesinthecoalseam.Inthispaper,thedevelopmentcharacteristicsofancientkarstintheOrdovicianstrataintheHuainanCoalfieldareanalyzed,andthreepossibleformationmechanismsareproposed.ByanalyzingthegeologicaldatainalocalareaoftheHuainanCoalfieldandsynthesizingtheexistingresearchresults,theformationmechanismisscreenedandoptimized,andthefinalmechanismisdeterminedtobethehydrothermalfillingtypekarstification.Thispaperalsousesgeologicalstatisticsandnumericalsimulationtechniquestopredictandanalyzethecapacityofkarstcavitiesinsidethecoalfield,andproposesafeasibleandcomprehensiveplanforcoalseamminingintheHuainanCoalfield.

Keywords:HuainanCoalfield;Ordovicianancientkarst;formationmechanism;geologicalstatistics;numericalsimulationTheHuainanCoalfieldisanimportantcoal-bearingareaineasternChina,withaprovenreserveof11.2billiontonsofcoal.However,thegeologicalconditionsinthiscoalfieldarecomplexduetothepresenceoftheOrdovicianancientkarst,whichposesagreatchallengetocoalmining.Toeffectivelyaddressthischallenge,thispaperconductedacomprehensivestudyontheformationmechanismandcapacityofkarstcavitiesinthecoalfield.

Throughfieldinvestigationsandlaboratoryanalysis,itwasfoundthattheOrdovicianlimestoneinthecoalfieldhasundergonemultiplestagesofkarstification,includingdissolution,collapse,filling,andcementation.Thehydrothermalfillingtypekarstificationisthedominantmechanismresponsiblefortheformationofkarstcavitiesinthecoalseams.Thefillingmaterialsincludesparrycalcite,quartz,andclayminerals,whichhaveeffectivelyblockedthekarstcavitiesandstabilizedthestrata.

Tofurtherevaluatethecapacityanddistributionofkarstcavitiesinthecoalfield,geologicalstatisticsandnumericalsimulationtechniqueswereapplied.Byanalyzingthegeologicaldatafrom30coalminesand280boreholes,thedistributioncharacteristicsofkarstcavitieswererevealed.Thenumericalsimulationresultsalsoshowedthattheoverallstabilityofthecoalseamandthesurroundingstrataisgood,andthecapacityofthekarstcavitiesisgenerallysmall.

Basedontheabovefindings,afeasibleandcomprehensiveplanforcoalseamminingintheHuainanCoalfieldwasproposed.Theplaninvolvesimplementingmeasuressuchascoalseamwaterinjection,pressurerelief,andgroutingtofurtherstabilizethestrataandpreventwaterinrushaccidents.Theplanalsorecommendstheuseofadvancedminingtechniquessuchasdirectionaldrilling,hydraulicextraction,andbackfillingminingtoimprovetheminingefficiencyandreducethedamagetotheenvironment.

Inconclusion,thisstudyprovidesascientificbasisforcoalseamminingintheHuainanCoalfield,andalsocontributestotheunderstandingoftheformationmechanismandcapacityofkarstcavitiesincoal-bearingstrata.TheproposedplancaneffectivelymitigatetherisksassociatedwithcoalmininginkarstareasandpromotethesustainabledevelopmentofthecoalindustryAdditionally,thisstudyhighlightstheimportanceofconductingthoroughgeologicalandhydrogeologicalassessmentsbeforeinitiatinganyminingactivitiesinkarstareas.Thepresenceofundergroundkarstfeaturescanleadtounpredictableandpotentiallydangerousminingconditions,whichcanresultindamagetoequipment,infrastructure,andhumanlives.Therefore,itiscriticaltoincorporategeotechnicalandhydrologicalfactorsintothemineplanningprocesstoensurethesafetyofminersandtheenvironment.

Moreover,theproposedminingplancanpotentiallycontributetotheeconomicdevelopmentoftheregionwhileminimizingitsenvironmentalimpact.Theimplementationofadvancedminingtechnologiessuchasbackfillingandundergroundtractioncanalsoleadtoincreasedefficiency,reducedcosts,andimprovedproductivity.However,itisimportanttonotethatadditionalresearchandtestingmaybenecessarytofurtherrefineandoptimizetheproposedplan.

Inconclusion,thesuccessfulextractionofcoalresourcesinkarstareasrequiresacomprehensiveunderstandingofthegeologicalandhydrogeologicalprocessesinvolved.Throughtheadoptionofadvancedminingtechnologiesandinnovativeapproaches,thepotentialrisksassociatedwithcoalmininginkarstareascanbeminimizedwhileensuringthesustainabledevelopmentofthecoalindustryOneofthekeychallengesthatthecoalminingindustryfacesisthesustainabilityoftheindustry.Whilecoalminingcontinuestobeavitalcomponentofourenergymix,thereareconcernsabouttheenvironmentalimpactofcoalextractionandthelong-termhealthrisksassociatedwithcoalmining.Inordertoensurethesustainabledevelopmentoftheindustry,itisimportanttoprioritizeenvironmentalprotectionandthehealthandsafetyofworkers.

Tothisend,thereareanumberofstepsthatcanbetakeninadditiontotheimplementationofadvancedminingtechnologiesandinnovativeapproaches.Forexample,thedevelopmentofsustainableminingpracticesthatprioritizeenvironmentalstewardshipandcommunityengagementcanhelptominimizetheimpactofcoalextractiononlocalecosystemsandcommunities.Theestablishmentofrobustmonitoringandevaluationframeworkscanalsohelptoensurethelong-termviabilityoftheindustry.

Additionally,itisimportanttoinvestinthedevelopmentofalternativeenergysourcesandtopromoteenergyconservationandefficiency.Byreducingourrelianceoncoalasanenergysource,wecanhelptomitigat