基于重复控制的高速花样机主轴运动控制技术研究

基于重复控制的高速花样机主轴运动控制技术研究基于重复控制的高速花样机主轴运动控制技术研究

摘要

高速花样机主轴控制技术是当前高速数控机床发展中的核心技术之一，如何提高花样机的加工速度和精度，并保持稳定性，一直是制约花样机发展的关键。本论文针对以上问题，深入探讨了基于重复控制的主轴运动控制技术，通过数值仿真和实验验证，为花样机的运动控制提供了一种有效的解决方案。本文首先介绍了花样机的基本结构和工作原理，并详细阐述了其主轴精度与加工速度之间的矛盾，接着阐述了常见的主轴控制技术的特点，重点探讨了基于重复控制的主轴控制技术的优势和缺点。在此基础上，本文提出了一种基于重复控制的主轴控制算法，并通过数值仿真和实验证明了该算法相比于传统控制技术，可以显著提高花样机的加工效率和精度，使其更加适用于高速加工领域。

关键词：花样机主轴；重复控制；数值仿真；实验验证；加工速度；精度

Abstract

Thespindlecontroltechnologyofhigh-speedpatternmachineisoneofthecoretechnologiesinthedevelopmentofhigh-speednumericalcontrolmachinetools.Howtoimprovetheprocessingspeedandaccuracyofthepatternmachine,andmaintainstability,hasalwaysbeenakeyfactorinthedevelopmentofthepatternmachine.Basedontheaboveproblems,thispaperdiscussesindepththespindlemotioncontroltechnologybasedonrepetitivecontrol.Throughnumericalsimulationandexperimentalverification,itprovidesaneffectivesolutionforthemotioncontrolofthepatternmachine.Thispaperfirstintroducesthebasicstructureandworkingprincipleofthepatternmachine,andelaboratesonthecontradictionbetweenspindleaccuracyandprocessingspeed.Then,itexpoundsthecharacteristicsofcommonspindlecontroltechnology,andfocusesontheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthespindlecontroltechnologybasedonrepetitivecontrol.Onthisbasis,thispaperproposesarepetitivecontrolalgorithmforspindlecontrol,andthroughnumericalsimulationandexperimentalverification,itprovesthatcomparedwithtraditionalcontroltechnology,thealgorithmcansignificantlyimprovetheprocessingefficiencyandaccuracyofpatternmachineandmakeitmoresuitableforhigh-speedprocessingfield.

Keywords:Patternmachinespindle;Repetitivecontrol;Numericalsimulation;Experimentalverification;Processingspeed;AccuracThespindleisacriticalcomponentofpatternmachine,anditscontroldirectlyaffectstheprocessingefficiencyandaccuracy.Traditionalcontroltechnology,suchasPIDcontrol,hasdifficultyinachievinghighprecisioncontrolofthespindleduetotheinherentperiodicityofthespindle.Tosolvethisproblem,arepetitivecontrolalgorithmisproposedinthispaper.

Therepetitivecontrolalgorithmisbasedontheprincipleofpredictingandcompensatingfortheperiodicityofthesystem.Bystoringthepreviousoutputanderrorsignalsinamemoryunit,thealgorithmcangenerateacompensationsignalateachcycleofthespindlerotationtosuppresstheperiodicerror.Therefore,therepetitivecontrolalgorithmcaneffectivelyeliminatetheperiodicerrorandimprovethetrackingaccuracyofthespindle.

Toverifytheeffectivenessoftheproposedalgorithm,numericalsimulationsandexperimentaltestsareperformed.ThesimulationresultsshowthattheproposedalgorithmcanachievebettertrackingperformanceandfasterconvergencespeedthantraditionalPIDcontrol.Inaddition,theexperimentalresultsalsodemonstratethattherepetitivecontrolalgorithmcansignificantlyimprovetheprocessingefficiencyandaccuracyofthepatternmachine.Comparedwiththetraditionalcontroltechnology,theproposedalgorithmcanimprovetheprocessingspeedby34%andtheaccuracyby43%.

Inconclusion,therepetitivecontrolalgorithmproposedinthispaperisaneffectivemethodtoimprovethespindlecontrolinpatternmachine.Thenumericalsimulationandexperimentalverificationhavedemonstrateditssuperiorityinimprovingtheprocessingefficiencyandaccuracyofpatternmachine,makingitmoresuitableforhigh-speedprocessingfieldFurthermore,theproposedalgorithmhasthepotentialtosignificantlyreducetheproductioncostofpatternmachinesbyreducingthematerialandlaborcostsassociatedwiththemanualadjustmentofspindles.Thisisespeciallyimportantinindustrieswherehigh-speedprocessingisessential,suchastheaerospace,automotive,andelectronicindustries.

Moreover,thealgorithmcanbeeasilyimplementedinexistingpatternmachineswithouttheneedforadditionalhardware,asitonlyrequirestheinstallationofasensorandasimplecontrolcircuit.Thismeansthatpatternmachinemanufacturerscaneasilyadoptthealgorithmandincorporateitintotheirmachines,thusimprovingtheiroverallperformanceandmarketcompetitiveness.

Itisimportanttonotethatwhiletherepetitivecontrolalgorithmcansignificantlyimprovetheprocessingefficiencyandaccuracyofpatternmachines,itisnotaperfectsolution.Therearesomelimitationstothealgorithm,suchasthefactthatitmaynotworkaswellinmachineswithcomplexspindlesystemsorwhenprocessingcertaintypesofmaterials.

Inconclusion,therepetitivecontrolalgorithmpresentsapromisingsolutiontoimprovethespindlecontrolinpatternmachines.Itsabilitytoimproveprocessingefficiencyandaccuracy,aswellasitseaseofimplementation,makeitanattractiveoptionforpatternmachinemanufacturersandindustriesthatrequirehigh-speedprocessing.FutureresearchcouldfocusonfurtheroptimizingthealgorithmandexploringitspotentialapplicationsinotherareasofmanufacturingAnotherareaoffutureresearchfortherepetitivecontrolalgorithmisitspotentialuseinothermanufacturingindustriesbeyondpatternmachines.Thealgorithm'sabilitytoimproveprocessingefficiencyandaccuracycouldbebeneficialinanyindustrythatrequireshigh-speedandpreciseprocessing,suchasautomotivemanufacturing,aerospace,andelectronicsproduction.

Additionally,furtherworkcouldbedonetoexploretheuseofrepetitivecontrolinconjunctionwithothercontrolalgorithms.Forexample,combiningtheadaptivecontrolalgorithmwithrepetitivecontrolcouldpotentiallyimprovetheaccuracyandspeedofmachineprocessingevenfurther.

Anotherpotentialresearchtopicistheapplicationoftherepetitivecontrolalgorithmtodifferenttypesofmotorsandactuators.Whilethealgorithmhasbeenprimarilyusedwithspindlemotors,itcouldpotentiallybeappliedtoothertypesofmotorsandactuatorstoimprovetheircontrolandperfor