中考英语语法虚拟语气

中考英语语法虚拟语气第1页/共32页第十九讲虚拟语气第2页/共32页第3页/共32页判断是否虚拟2.判断虚拟类型3.判断虚拟时间Pass!虚拟语气应试对策第4页/共32页第一部分：什么是虚拟？第5页/共32页虚拟语气表示说话人的所说的话不是事实，一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中或让步状语从句中)；一种表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等(在宾语从句等名词性从句中)。

Iwishyouweremorecareful.但愿你更细心一些。

第6页/共32页条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的,是与事实相符的。非真实条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，与事实相反的情况。Ifitisfinetomorrow,Iwillgotovisitmygrandma.IfIwereabird,IwouldflytoAmerica.第7页/共32页非真实条件句IfIhadtime,Iwouldcertainlyjoinyouinthetennismatch.

（事实是：我没有时间）我要是有时间肯定和你一起打这场网球比赛。IfIwereyou,Iwouldputhersuggestionintoaccount.（事实是：我并不是你）我要是你，我会考虑她的建议的。第8页/共32页非真实条件句IfIshouldhaveachancetotryit,Iwoulddoitinanotherway.

（假设的情况不大可能发生）要是我有机会试一试，我会用另一种方法做的。Eveniftheyweretofail,theywouldn'tlosecourage.（说话人不希望假设的情况发生）即使他们万一失败，他们也不会泄气。第9页/共32页第二部分：if引导的虚拟语气第10页/共32页

一、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中

与过去事实相反的假设与现在相反的假设与将来相反的假设虚拟条件句主句If+主语+Ved（be用were)If+主语+had+V过分If+主语+Ved

（be用were)If+主语+wereto+V原If+主语+should+V原主语＋would＋V原(should/could/might)主语＋would＋V原(should/could/might)主语＋would＋have+V过分(should/could/might)第11页/共32页Iwouldbuyanexpensive

car.

Iwouldbuyavilla.Iwouldtravelaroundthe

world.IfIwonthelottery,现在事实相反第12页/共32页IfI____________timelastnight,I_____________toseethefilmwithyou.hadhadwouldhavegone过去事实相反Ifhe________morecarefully,he_____________thecaraccidentyesterday.haddriven

wouldnothavehad

第13页/共32页Mark:100

I________apartyforyou.shouldgetIfyou________________________

____________gotWeretoget

afullmarknexttime,将来时相反wouldhold第14页/共32页IfI

were

you,IwouldgiveAIDSpatientahug.IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Iwouldn’thavemadeamistake.Ifitrainedtomorrow,theywouldn’tgoforanouting.现在事实相反与过去事实相反与将来事实相反第15页/共32页第三部分：宾语从句的虚拟第16页/共32页Wish

的宾语从句现在：过去：将来：过去时（were）过去完成时would/could/might+V.IwishIwereabirdIwishIhadn’tmadesuchamistakeWewishourparentswouldn’tpunishus.1.在wish的宾语从句中第17页/共32页用于宾语从句Iwish从句结构Example与现在事实相反一般过去式Iwishitwereautumnnow.与过去事实相反过去完成式Hewishes(wished)hehadnotlostthechance.与将来事实相反WouldCould+V.原形MightIwishyouwouldcomesoon.第18页/共32页IwishIwereastallasyou.IwishIbecameasfamousasYaoMing.IwishIwereabird.IwishIcouldflylikeabird.Iwisheverydayweremybirthday.现在时第19页/共32页Hewishhehadn’teatensomuchwatermelon.Iwishthelunchtimewouldcomesoon.Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.过去时将来时第20页/共32页第四部分：建议、命令等的虚拟第21页/共32页2.在表示建议，要求，命令的词command（命令）,demand（要求）,desire（希望，要求）,insist（坚持）,order（命令）,propose（提议）,recommend（推荐）,request（要求）,require（要求）,suggest（建议），后的宾语从句中：

“(should)+动词原形”e.g.Isuggestthatwe(should)setoffatonce.Idemandedthathe(should)answermeimmediately.第22页/共32页一个坚持insist，两个命令order,command，三个建议advise,suggest,propose四个要求demand,require,request,desire注：以上动词的名词形式用于从句中，从句中的动词也是用“(should)+动词原形”第23页/共32页名词形式suggestion（建议）,motion（动议）,proposal（提议）,order（命令）,recommendation（推荐），advice(建议),instruction(指示、指令)idea（想法）,第24页/共32页EgHeproposedthatwe(should)setadeadlineforthecomplementoftheplan.

他提议拟定一个执行计划的期限。Theyrequestedthatwe(should)sendadelegationtotheircountry.他们请求我们派一个代表团到他们国家去。Isuggestedthathe(should)setoffforourheadquartersstraightaway.

我建议他马上动身去我们的总部。第25页/共32页Theinstructionwasthatnobodybeallowedtogotosleepuntilfurtherorders.

指示要求，任何人不得在接到进一步的命令之前去睡觉。MysuggestionisthatheleaveforLondonatonce.我的建议是他立即动身去伦敦。Whatdoyouthinkofhisproposalthatwe(should)putonaplayattheEnglishevening?他的建议是我们在英语晚会上演一个剧,你觉得怎么样？第26页/共32页Mysuggestionthatwe(should)haveameetinghasbeenacceptedbyothers.Weallagreetothatsuggestionthatthemeeting(should)beputoff（延期）.

第27页/共32页第五部分：典型习题第28页/共32页PRACTICE1:Fillintheblanks.

a.Ifthey______(be)here,they__________(take)youradvice.b.Iftheworld-war___________(break)outagain,what________________(happen)toourpeopleonearth?c.Ifthepoliceman_____________(benot)inthatroomnow,it________________(be)verydangerous.d.IfI_______(be)inyourposition,I_____________(ask)forteacher’shelp.werewouldtakebrokewouldhappenwerenotcouldbewerewouldask第29页/共32页PRACTICE2:Fillintheblanks

e.IfTom__(be)morecarefulintheexam,he___________(pass)italready.f.Ifyou

(get)upearlier,

you_________(catch)thefirsttrain.g.IfI____(meet)youyesterday,we

_______________(go)totheconcerttogether.hadbeenwouldhavepassedhadgotwouldhavecaughthadmetwouldhavegone第30页/共32页PRACTICE3:FillintheblanksIfthere

(b