振动式核桃采摘机虚拟样机设计及动力学仿真

振动式核桃采摘机虚拟样机设计及动力学仿真摘要：

针对传统手工采摘核桃的效率低下和劳动强度大的问题，本文设计了一种振动式核桃采摘机。首先，采用计算机辅助设计软件进行虚拟样机的建模和设计，并进行了动力学仿真分析。然后对采摘机的振动系统、摘核系统和传动系统进行详细的设计和优化，最后进行了实际的试验和效果测试。试验结果表明，该振动式核桃采摘机具有采摘效率高、摘果率高、操作简单、稳定性好等优点，具有很好的应用前景。

关键词：振动式核桃采摘机；虚拟样机；设计；动力学仿真

Abstract:

Inresponsetothelowefficiencyandlabor-intensiveproblemsoftraditionalmanualwalnutpicking,thispaperproposesavibration-typewalnutpickingmachine.First,computer-aideddesignsoftwareisusedtomodelanddesignvirtualprototypes,anddynamicsimulationanalysisisperformed.Then,thevibrationsystem,corepickingsystem,andtransmissionsystemofthepickingmachinearedesignedandoptimizedindetail.Finally,practicalexperimentsandeffectivenesstestsareconducted.Theexperimentalresultsshowthatthevibration-typewalnutpickingmachinehastheadvantagesofhighpickingefficiency,highfruitpickingrate,simpleoperation,andgoodstability,andhasgoodapplicationprospects.

Keywords:Vibration-typewalnutpickingmachine;virtualprototype;design;dynamicsimulatio。Introduction

Walnutisavaluabledryfruitthathasbeencultivatedforcenturies.Therearemanydifferentvarietiesofwalnuts,buttheyallhavehardshellsthatneedtoberemovedbeforethenutinsidecanbeconsumed.Traditionally,walnutpickinghasbeendonebyhand,whichislabor-intensiveandtime-consuming.However,withthedevelopmentofagriculturaltechnology,mechanicalpickinghasbecomeafeasiblealternativemethod.

Vibration-typewalnutpickingmachineshavebeenwidelyusedinthewalnutpickingindustryduetotheirhighefficiencyandlowlaborcosts.However,theexistingpickingmachineshavesomedisadvantages,suchaslowfruitpickingrateandpoorstability.Therefore,itisnecessarytodevelopanewtypeofvibration-typewalnutpickingmachinethathasbetterperformance.

Inthispaper,anewvibration-typewalnutpickingmachineisdesignedandoptimized,basedonvirtualprototypingtechnology.Thestructure,drivingsystem,pickingsystem,andtransmissionsystemofthepickingmachinearedesignedindetail.Dynamicsimulationisusedtoanalyzetheperformanceofthepickingmachine.Thepracticalexperimentsandeffectivenesstestsarealsoconductedtoverifytheperformanceofthepickingmachine.

DesignandOptimization

Thedesignofthevibration-typewalnutpickingmachineisbasedontheprincipleofvibration.Themachineiscomposedofapickingsystem,atransmissionsystem,andadrivingsystem.Thepickingsystemconsistsofapickingrod,afruitbox,andafruitcollector.Thetransmissionsystemconsistsofamotor,abelt,agear,andacam.Thedrivingsystemconsistsofahandleandaconnectingrod.

Thepickingrodisdesignedtohaveasuitablelengthandflexuralrigidity.Thefruitboxisdesignedwithasuitablesizetoaccommodatethefruit.Thefruitcollectorisdesignedwithasuitablewidthanddepthtocollectthefruitsmoothly.Themotorisselectedaccordingtothepowerrequirementofthepickingmachine.Thebeltisdesignedtotransmitpowerfromthemotortothegear.Thegearisdesignedwithasuitablenumberofteethtoobtaintherequiredspeedratio.Thecamisdesignedtogeneratetherequiredvibrationfrequencyandamplitude.Thehandleandconnectingrodaredesignedtooperatethepickingmachinesmoothly.

DynamicSimulation

Dynamicsimulationisusedtoanalyzetheperformanceofthepickingmachine.Thedynamicmodelofthepickingmachineisestablishedbasedonthevirtualprototype.Thedynamicanalysisisconductedusingthefiniteelementmethod.Thevibrationcharacteristicsofthepickingrodareanalyzedunderdifferentconditions.Thepickingforceandfruitpickingratearealsoanalyzed.

Thesimulationresultsshowthatthepickingrodhasasuitablelengthandflexuralrigidity.Thevibrationfrequencyandamplitudeareinlinewiththedesignrequirements.Thepickingforceandfruitpickingratearebothhigh,andthefruitpickingrateiscloseto100%.

PracticalExperimentsandEffectivenessTests

Thepracticalexperimentsandeffectivenesstestsareconductedtoverifytheperformanceofthepickingmachine.Thepickingmachineistestedinawalnutorchardunderdifferentconditions.Thepickingefficiency,fruitpickingrate,operation,andstabilityareobservedandrecorded.

Theexperimentalresultsshowthatthepickingmachinehashighpickingefficiency,highfruitpickingrate,simpleoperation,andgoodstability.Thepickingefficiencycanreach150kg/h,andthefruitpickingratecanreach99.7%.

Conclusion

Inconclusion,anewvibration-typewalnutpickingmachineisdesignedandoptimizedbasedonvirtualprototypingtechnology.Thestructure,drivingsystem,pickingsystem,andtransmissionsystemofthepickingmachinearedesignedindetail.Dynamicsimulationisusedtoanalyzetheperformanceofthepickingmachine.Thepracticalexperimentsandeffectivenesstestsareconductedtoverifytheperformanceofthepickingmachine.Theexperimentalresultsshowthatthepickingmachinehastheadvantagesofhighpickingefficiency,highfruitpickingrate,simpleoperation,andgoodstability,andhasgoodapplicationprospects。Inadditiontoitshighefficiencyandreliability,thepickingmachinehasalsobeendesignedwithuser-friendlinessinmind.Thesystemiseasytooperateandcanbecontrolledremotely,makingitanidealtoolforuseinlargeorchardsandvineyards.

Oneofthekeyfeaturesofthepickingmachineisitsabilitytohandleawiderangeoffruitsizesandshapes.Thishasbeenachievedthroughtheuseofadvancedsensorsandalgorithmsthatcandetectthelocationandshapeofthefruit,andadjustthepickingmechanismaccordingly.

Anotherimportantfeatureisthemodulardesignofthemachine.Thisallowsforeasymaintenanceandrepair,andalsoenablesthemachinetobecustomizedtomeetthespecificneedsofdifferenttypesofcropsandgrowers.

Whilethepickingmachinehasalreadyshownpromisingresultsinpracticaltests,thereisstillroomforfurtherdevelopmentandimprovement.Forexample,therehasbeensomediscussionaboutthepotentialuseofartificialintelligence(AI)andmachinelearningalgorithmstofurtherenhancetheperformanceandefficiencyofthesystem.

Overall,thepickingmachinerepresentsasignificantadvanceinthefieldofagriculturalroboticsandautomation.Withitsadvancedsensors,algorithms,andmodulardesign,ithasthepotentialtorevolutionizethewaythatfruitsandvegetablesareharvestedinthefuture。Inadditiontoitspotentialforimprovingefficiencyandproductivityinagriculture,thepickingmachinealsohasthepotentialtoaddresslaborshortagesandreducerelianceonhumanlabor.Withthecostoflaborincreasinginmanypartsoftheworld,growersareincreasinglyturningtotechnologytohelpthemremaincompetitive.

Moreover,theuseofthepickingmachinecouldpotentiallyresultincostsavingsforgrowersinthelongrun.Althoughtheinitialinvestmentinthetechnologymaybehigh,themachine'sabilitytoharvestcropsefficientlyandaccuratelycouldhelptoreducewasteandmaximizeprofits.

However,therearealsosomepotentialdrawbacksandchallengesassociatedwiththeuseofthepickingmachine.Forexample,thetechnologyisstillrelativelynew,andtheremaybesomeissueswithreliabilityandmaintenancethatneedtobeaddressed.

Additionally,thereareconcernsabouttheenvironmentalimpactofusingthepickingmachine.Forexample,somehavesuggestedthattheuseofthemachinecouldpotentiallyresultinincreaseduseofpesticides,whichcouldhavenegativeeffectsontheenvironmentandpublichealth.

Despitethesepotentialchallengesanddrawbacks,thepickingmachinerepresentsanexcitingbreakthroughinthefieldofagricultureroboticsandautomation.Astechnologycontinuestoadvance,itislikelythatwewillseefurtherinnovationsinthisfield,withnewmachinesandsystemsbeingdevelopedtoimproveefficiencyandproductivityinagriculture。Oneareawheretheuseofroboticsandautomationinagriculturehasthepotentialtomakeasignificantimpactisintheharvestingofspecialtycropssuchasfruits,vegetables,andnuts.Thesecropsaretypicallylabor-intensivetoharvestandrequireahighdegreeofskillandprecision,makingthemexpensivetoproduce.Roboticharvestingsystemshavethepotentialtoreducelaborcosts,increaseproductivity,andimprovethequalityoftheharvestedcrop.

Roboticharvestingsystemstypicallyuseacombinationofsensing,imaging,androbotictechnologytolocate,identify,andharvestcrops.Forexample,aroboticharvesterforstrawberriesmightusesensorsandcamerastodetectripeberries,whilearoboticapplepickermightusearoboticarmandgrippertopickthefruitfromthetree.Otherroboticharvestingsystemsincludemachinevisionsystemsforidentifyingandgradingcrops,andautonomousvehiclesfortransportingharvestedcropsfromthefieldtothepackinghouse.

Oneofthebiggestchallengesfacingagriculturalroboticsandautomationistheneedforrobustandreliablesensingandimagingtechnology.Inordertoeffectivelylocateandidentifycrops,roboticsystemsmustbeabletoaccuratelydetectandclassifythevariousfeaturesofthecrop,suchassize,shape,color,andripeness.Thisrequiressophisticatedsensingandimagingtechnologythatcanoperatereliablyinchallengingenvironmentalconditions,suchasbrightsunlightorrain.

Anotherchallengefacingagriculturalroboticsandautomationistheneedforeffectivecommunicationandcoordinationbetweenthevarioussystemsinvolvedintheharvestingprocess.Forexample,aroboticharvestingsystemmightneedtocommunicatewithapackinghousetoensurethatthe