2007年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题

9．Thestudentsarerequiredto＿themainideasofthearticleintheirown B.minimizeC．synchronizeD.summarize10．Theoutlineofrooftopsandchimneys＿againstthepaleA.pulledoutB.lookedoutC．heldout D．stoodoutⅡ．ClozeTest(10points,1pointforeachCuriosityisnotonlyapossiblemotivation,itisalsoagreathelpinyourlearninglanguages.Rememberthatalanguageisnot11agrticalsystem.Itisthe12ofacertaincultureofdifferentcultures.Itisnogood13stringsofwordsandlistsofgrticalrules14youknowasmuchaspossibleaboutthebackgroundofthelanguage,sothatyoucanunderstandtheideasconveyedandthereferencesmade,aswellastheinferenceswhichcan15theinformationclearlygiven.Solearnasmuchasyoucanaboutthedifferentcultureswhich16English-watchevisionprograms,listentotheradio,trytoobtain17andmagazineswrittenbynativespeakers,lookatadvertisements,and,aboveall,read-nottextbooks,18novels,poemsandys.Theywillshowyouhowalanguageis19used.TheEnglishlanguageisalivingformofexpressionwhichderivesmuchofits20fromthecontext,andmuchofitseffectfromawholenetworkofextra-linguisticknowledge.11．A.justB.evenC.soD.12．A.outlook C. D.13．A.havelearntB.learnC.learningD.learnt14．A．sinceB．untilC．whenD．unless15．A．becarriedoverB．bedfromC．beheldupD．bedrawnfrom B．abandonC．restoreD.furnish17．A.filmB.evisionC．radioD.newspapers18．A．butB．orC．andD．as19．A．occasionallyB．reallyC．casuallyD．scarcely20．A．structureB．implicationC．meaningD．indicationⅢ．ReadingComprehension(30points,2pointsforeachPassageOneQuestions21to25arebasedonthefollowingHowoftenonehearschildrenwishingtheyweregrownup,andoldpeoplewishingtheywereyoungagain.Eachagehasitspleasuresanditspains,andthehappiestistheonewhoenjoyswhateachagegiveshimwithoutwastinghistimeinuselessChildhoodisatimewhentherearefewresponsibilities.Ifachildhasgoodparents,heiswellfed,lookedafterandloved.Itisunlikelythathewilleveragaininhislifebegivensomuchwithouthavingtodoanythinginreturn.Inaddition,lifeisalwayspresentingnewthingstothechild-thingsthathavelosttheirinterestforolderpeoplebecausetheyaretoowellknown.Achildfindspleasureinyingintherain,orinthesnow.Hisfirstvisittotheseasideisamarvelousadventure．Butachildhashisheisnotsotodoashewishesashethinksolderpeopleare;heiscontinuallytoldwhattodoandwhatnottodo．Therefore,achildisnothappyashewishestobe.Whentheyoungmanstartstoearnhisownliving,he fromthe ofschool andparents;butatthe timeheis dtoaccept．responsibilities.Withnoonetopayforhisfood,hisclothes,orhisroom,hehastoworkifhewantstolivecomfortably.Ifhespendsmostofhistimeyingaboutinthewaythatheusedtoasachild,hewillgohungry.Andifhebreaksthelawsofsocietyasheusedtobreakthelawsofhisparents,hemaygethimselfintotrouble.If,however,heworkshard,goesbythelawandhasgoodhealth,hemayfeelsatisfiedinseeinghimselfmakesteadyprogressinhisjobandinbuildingupforhimselfhispositioninOldagehasalwaysbeenthoughtofastheworstagetobe;butitisnotnecessaryfortheoldtobeunhappy.Witholdagecomeswisdomandtheabilitytohelpwithadvicewiselygiven.Theoldcanhavethejoyofseeingtheirchildrenmakingprogressinlife;theycanwatchtheirgrandchildrengrowinguparoundthem;and,perhapsbestofall,theycan,iftheirlifehasbeenausefulone,feelthehappinessofhavingcomethroughthebattleoflifesafelyandofhavingreachedatimewhentheycanliebackandrest,leavingeverythingtoothers.ThehappiestpeopleshouldbethosefaceuptodifficultiesinhopetobeyoungenjoylifeindifferentwishtobegrownTheword“they”inLine5，Para.2refersoldernewthings23．Achildhashispainshecannotdowhateverhewantsheisnotallowedtoyinhehasalotofnewthingstohecannotyatthe Whena esagrown-up,heissupposedlivetakemakeprogressinimpresstheThebesttitleofthepassagemightbe＿．A．PainsandAgesB．DifferencesinAgesC．TheBestAgetoD．HappinessandPassageQuestions26to30arebasedonthefollowingWeallknowthathumansaredamagingtheenvironment,butwhatcanwedoaboutit?Somepeoplearetryingtodotheirbittobemoreenvironmentallyfriendly.LocalcouncilsinBritainencouragecertainaspectsofgreenliving,suchasrecyclingpaper,tin,sticandglass.Theywanttoreducetheamountofrubbishintolandfillsites（填埋场，becausetheyarerunningoutofcestodump（倾倒rubbish.Insomeareasrubbishforrecyclingiscollectedfromyourdoorstep,butinotherareas,youhavetotakeittoaspecialrecyclingce,suchasabottlebank.AnotherwayofreducingtheamountofrubbishyoucreateistousereusableproductsinsteadofdisposableonesForexample,somepeopleusestrongshopbagsorboxesfortheirgroceriesinsteadofsticcarrierbags,orusewashablenappiesinsteadofdisposables.Morepeopleare inginterestedinreducingtheircarbonfootprint—theamountofcarbontheyuseup.Theytrytoreducetheircarbonemissions（释放）bycycling,usingpublictransportoranelectriccar,ratherthandrivinggas-consumingvehicles.Somepeoplechoosenottoflyforholidaytripsbecausenesarethebiggestproducersofcarbonemissions.Youcanmake‘green’choiceswhenbuyingfoodtoo.It'sbesttobuyfoodwhichwaslocallygrownorproducedsothatithasn'tbeenimportedbyair,orshippedbyroadfromfaraway.HousescanbeenvironmentallyfriendlytooIttakeslessenergytoheatahouseifithasgoodinsulation（绝缘，隔热）anddoubleglazing双层玻璃．Youcanalsocreateyourownenergyityouhavesolarpanelsorawindturbinefittedthoughthesecanbeexpensive.Youcanalsosavewaterbyusingarainwatercontainerforwashingthecarorwateringthegarden.It'sevenpossibletouseasystemwhere‘greywaterwhichhasbeenthroughatap（水龙头）oncealready,isusedtoflush（冲洗）toilets.Somenewhousingprojectsarebeingbuiltspecificallytobeasenvironmentallyfriendlyaspossible.ThepurposeofcollectingreusablewastesissaveenergyconsumedindailyreducetheamountofrubbishcreateanewwayofgreendecreasetheamountofcarbonInordertocutdownonthecarbonemission,morepeoplechoosetobyelectriccar,bicycleorbyprivatecar,bicycleorbybus,electriccarorbybicycle,busorelectricItisbestforpeopletobuyfood＿whenmaking‘green’producedimportedabroadC．transportedbyroadD．growningreenAsmentioned,‘greywater’canbeusedwashthewaterthecleanthedisposeofThepassageisintendedtoadvisetomakeuseoftosaveenergyandtorecyclereusabletohaveagreenlivingPassageThreeQuestions31to35arebasedonthefollowingAmericansareaveryenergeticandpeople,alwaysontherun;rushingfromoneappointmenttoanother,fromaPTA(ParentTeacherAssociation)meetingtosocialnningcommittee.Theyhaveverylittletimetospendpreparingelaborate（精致的，复杂的）everydaymealstobeeatenatleisureInmanyhomesitisrareforthewholefamilytositdownatsuppertogether.Clubsandcommitteesthemtograbaquickmealratherthanasit-downsupper.Whentheydohavethechancetoeatathome,oftentheworkinghousewifepreferstopreparemealsthatcanbequicklyheatedandconsumed.Itisnowonder,therefore,thatAmericahas eashelterforfastfoodconsumption.ThisgreattransformationoccurredafterWorldWarⅡwhenmanywomenbegantoworkfulltimeandspendlesstimeathomewiththeirfamilies.Women,however,wantedtofunctionwellinthecapacityofhomemaker,aswellasthatofcareerwomanbuttimebecameapreciouscommodity（商品）whichhadtobecarefullyused.Therefore,itwasnecessarytomakeherlifeeasierathomeinthepreparationthefamilydinner.Simultaneouslywithwomenenteringthejobmarkettherewasalsoashiftingofthefocusofhomeentertainmentfromtheradiototheevision.evisionbecamethelatestfashioninthe1950sandnoonewantedtomisshisorherfavoriteprograms.Andthen,theceforsuppershiftedfromthediningroomtothelivingAsthecustomschanged,sodidtheculture.TheimmediatesolutionforthiswastheinventionoftheTVdinner.ThesewerefrozenmealswhichweredividedintoportionsofmeatandvegetablesTheycouldeasilybeputintoanove（锅andpreparedwithinminutes.Thetintrays（托盘）inwhichtheywereservedwereconvenientlycarriedintothelivingroomanddinnerwasconsumedinfrontofaTVset.Cleaningupafterwardswasnoproblem.Thetintrayswereeasilythrownintothegarbage.Fromfastdinnersathomethenextstepwasquickeatingwhileontheroad.LoveforTVwascombinedwiththefascinationfortheauto.ItisnotoddthatwiththedevelopmentofthesuperhighwaysAmericasawthebeginningoffastfoodchains.McDonald'spavedthewaywithitsvarietyofburgersandcolddrinkssoontobefollowedbyallkindsofotherfoods.Todaydozensoffast-foodchainstorescanbefoundalonghighways,inmodernshopmallsandscatteredthroughoutneighborhoodsinAmerica.TacoBell,PizzaHut,RoyRoger's,BurgerKingWendy'sarejustafewofthefast-foodchainswhicharenowpartofAmericanculture．Theyofferchicken,donuts,tacosandpizza,allquicklyproducedingreattiesforthemasses.TheseestablishmentshavegivenshapetothemodernlifestylesanddietoftheAmericanpeople.InAmerica,thewholefamilyseldomhavedinnertogetherathometheyhavesomanysocialtheyhavealotofmeetingstotheyrushfromoneappointmenttotheyoftenmovefromonecetoAmerica eashelterforfastfoodconsumptionsomewomenareengagedinfewwomenareabletomakemealsatwomenareunwillingtocookfortheirmanywomenaremostlyoccupiedwithThepassagelsthatnowadaysAmericanshavetheirinthedinninginthelivinginthegroceryinthefastfoodTheword“establishments”inthelastparagraphprobablymeans＿．A．fastfoodsB．TVshopsnackThemainideaofthepassageisabout＿.A．women'sroleinAmericanfamiliesB．advantagesoffastfoodforAmericansC．modernlifestylesanddietinD．shiftofAmericanhomeIv．WordSpelling(10points,1pointfortwo角力，摔跤 w_____ 37．打哈欠 y__38．天气，气象n.w_____ 39．，志愿兵n.V_______40.唯一的，独特的a.u____ 41．打字机 t________42．绊跌，绊倒vi.S_____ 43．保持，保留n.r_______44．提及，参考n.r_______ 45．预期的，未来的a.p_________46．忽略，眺望vt.o______ 47.功能的，实用的a.f________48．部长，大臣n.m______ 49．使地方化vt.l______50．夹克衫n.j____ 51．注射，针剂n.i_______52．女主人n.h_____ 53．真正的，的a.g_____54．侄子，外甥n.n_____ 55．怀疑的，可疑的a.d_______V．WordForm(10points,1pointforeachitem)56．IwouldyfootballwithyouifI＿20yearsyounger.57．Justasshewasabout＿，shewashandeda58．Idon'twanttomakeashowof＿beforestrangers.isthe