2021年内蒙古通辽中考英语试卷附答案详解

2021年内蒙古通辽市中考英语试卷一、完形填空（本大题共10小题，共10.0分）（2021-内蒙古自治区通辽市•历年真题）Asthesayinggoes."Aheroisknowninthetimeofmisfortune".ZhongNanshanisaherolikethis.Heisadocto（1）savedmanypeople'slivesinourcountry.In2003,SARS（2）inGuangdong.Later,itspreadacrossChinaandotherpartsoftheworld.Patientscoughedalotandgotfevers.Hundredsofpeople（3）thedisease.EvenmanydoctorsandnursesgotSARSwhenthe（4）patients.Zhongspentmuchtimeinfindingthecauseofthedisease.Andwithhiswayoftreating,manypatientsbegantogetbetter.（5）17yearslater,heagainhelpedthecountrytofightagainstCOVID-19,whichhasbeendeclaredapandemic（流行病）bytheWorldHealthOrganization（WHO）.Duringthisfight,Dr.ZhongNanshanhasbeenleadingChina'sNationalHealthCommission'sexpertpanel（咨询组）for（6）theCOVID-19outbreakinthecountry.AftervisitingWuhan,Dr,Zhongspokeout（7）abouthuman-to-humantransmissionandsuggestedevidence-basedprevention.Asatrusteddoctor,heisvery8）incalmingpublicfearandanxietywithfacts.Nowattheageof84，Zhongstilltreatspatientsinthehospitaland（9）youngdoctors.OnSept.8，2020，Dr.ZhongwasawardedtheMedaloftheRepublic,thehigheststatehonor,（10）hehadmadeagreatcontributiontoChina'sfightagainstthepandemic.1.A.whomB.whichC.whoD.whose2.A.hadB.appearedC.happenedD.found3.A.diedoutB.diedofC.diedawayD.diedfrom4.A.treatedB.treadedC.tradedD.trended5.A.OnB.AroundC.OverD.For6.A.investigateB.investigatesC.investigatingD.investigated7.A.slowlyB.quietlyC.mostlyD.frankly8.A.effectiveB.affectingC.effortD.efficacy9.A.trustsB.teachesC.savesD.thanks10.A.thoughB.evenC.becauseD.so二、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）（2021•内蒙古自治区通辽市•历年真题）第1页，共18页

Kids'SummerJobsWearelookingforpeopletojoinusasacampcounseloratCuyaOutdoorSchool.Weconnectchildrentosciencethroughnature.Ourcampcounselorsareenergeticandsupportive,andmoreimportantly,caringteammembers.Thisisaneight-houreverydayjobintheten-day-longprogramduringthesummer.Hours：9：30a.m.—5：30p.m.Pay：$10perhourLEGOEngineeringInstructorDoyouenjoytakingthingsapartandthenputtingthembacktogether?Ifso,thenthismaybeyourdreamjob!WearelookingforsmartandcreativeLEGOengineeringinstructors.Hours：2：00p.m.—5：00p.m.Pay：$15perhourTeacher'sAideWearelookingforpart-timeteacher'saidesforourInspireKidsPre-schoolinNewburgh.Teacher'saidesneedtopreparematerials,helpchildrenfinishactivitiesandcreateasafeenvironment.Hours：8：00a.m.—11：00a.m.Pay：$100perweekSummerCareGiverI'mlookingforsomeonecarefulandpatienttowatchmykidswhenI'mworkingfrom11：00a.m.to3：00p.m.,Ihavea7-year-olddaughter,anda5-year-oldson.Iamalsoaskingyoutopreparesnacksandcleanuptherooms.Pay：$150perweekHowmuchcanacampcounselormakeintotal?A.$10 B.$100 C.$150 D.$800TobeaLEGOengineeringinstructor,onehastobe.A.caring B.creative C.energetic D.patientWhatdoesateacher'saideneedtodo?A.Helpchildrendoactivities.A.Helpchildrendoactivities.B.Teachchildrenscience.C.PlayLEGOwithchildren.C.PlayLEGOwithchildren.D.Preparesnacksforchildren.WhatsummerjobcanJerryapplyforifheisfreefrom1000a.m.to4：00p.m.?A.Teacher'saide. B.Summercaregiver.C.Campcounselor. D.LEGOengineeringinstructor.Wherecanyouprobablyfindthistext?第2页，共18页A.Onawebsite.A.Onawebsite.Inaguidebook. D.Inapicturebook.（2021•内蒙古自治区通辽市•历年真题）BWhetherfromnewsreportsorsocialmediaarticles,youmayknowthat5Giscoming.5Gisthe5thgenerationnetwork.Itisanewnetworkafter1G2G,3Gand4G.Itcanconnecteveryoneandeverythingtogether.5GnetworkswillcovermanycitiesinChinasoon.5Gmeanssuper-fastdataspeed.Onecandownloadatwo-hourmovieforfewerthan10seconds,anditismakingourlivesmoreandmoreconvenient.5Gwillmakeself-drivingcarspossible.Forsafety,self-drivingcarsneedsuper-fastdatatransmission（传输）tocommunicatewiththeirnearbyenvironment.5Gisjustwhatmakesself-drivingcarsachievethis.Evenairplaneswillbecome"smart"inthenearfuture.Passengerswillbeabletouse5GnetworksintheairtoconnecttotheInternetandcanorderforfoodanddrinks.5Gwillbeabighelpforstudentswhotakeonlineclasses.Manypeopleliveinpoorareasintheworldwheretherearenoschools.Butwith5Gthiswillchange.StudentsallovertheworldwillbeabletoseeplacesliketheGreatWallwithoutleavingtheirrooms.Itwillbealsoeasierfordoctorstotreatpatientsremotelyby5G.Itmeanscaringforpatientsfromfaraway.Thefactslistedaboveareonlyapartofwhat5Gwillmakepossibleandpopular.JustasintheearlydaysoftheInternetinthe1990s,fewcouldseehowitcouldchangeourlifeandtheworld.Thesamewillsurelybetrueof5G.With5G,manythingsdonotseemlikedreamsanymore.Nowlet'sgetreadytosaygoodbyeto4Gandwelcomethecomingof5G.Howlongmayittaketodownloadatwo-hourmoviewith5G?A.15seconds. B.8seconds. C.10minutes. D.2hours.Theunderlinedword"remotely"means"''inChinese.A.快速地 B.高效地 C.远程地 D.科学地5GwillmakethefollowingthingsmoreandmorepopularEXCEPT.A.self-drivingcars B."smart"airplanesC.onlineclasses D.hospitalswithoutdoctorsAbout5G，isNOTmentionedinthepassage.第3页，共18页tobeusedfreelysuper-fastdataspeedtoconnecteveryoneandeverythingtogethertomakelifemoreconvenientthan4GFromthelastparagraph,wecanknowthat.4Gisnomoreusedinourdailylifenowthewriterisworriedaboutthecomingof5Gwith5G,someofourdreamswillcometrueforsureonedayinthe1990s,allthepeoplebelievedthattheInternetwouldchangeourlife（2021•内蒙古自治区通辽市•历年真题）C"Ihavenospecialtalent.I'monlypassionatelycurious."ThisfamousquotefromAlbertEinsteinmighttellthereasonforhissuccess.WhenNewtondiscoveredgravity,andwhenThomasEdisoninventedthelightbulb,theircuriositywasgreatlysatisfied.Iftheyhadn'tbeencurious,whatalossforhumans!Thereisacommontruththatintellectualcuriosity（求知欲）contributestoschoolperformancemorethanintelligence.Somestudiesalsoshowtherearebenefitsofcuriosityinimprovingthelong-termleveloflearningandmemory,andalotofpositiveresultsareconnectedwithcuriosity.Ithasbeenknownthatbothanimalsandhumansarewillingtotakearisktosatisfytheircuriositydespiteknowingthattheresultwillremainunchanged.Despitetherebeingdifferentviewsonthereasonforcuriosity,mostexpertsreachanagreementthatlikethewaythestomachlooksforfood,ourbrainlooksforknowledge.Peopleandanimalsareeagertoknowthingsbecausegettingthatinformationmeansareward.Aninterestingthingisthatourbrainwillreleaseapleasure-relatedchemicalwhenithasbeengivennewinformation,makingseekinginformationmuchlikeeating—anotherpleasantactivity.Researchersnewlyfoundthatincreasingthereleaseofthechemicalgreatlyincreasedthecuriosityinanimals.However,howexactlythechemicalplaysarolestillremainsamystery.Consideringthepresentlevelofresearchoncuriosityandthedrivingforceofcuriosity,includingscientificcuriosity,moreresearchshouldbecarriedoninthisfield.It'ssafetosaythatcuriosityitselfwillhelpuncovercuriosity.Andremembereventhoughtheidiomsays"Curiositykillsthecat",itendswithsatisfactionbringingitback.第4页，共18页WhatdotheexamplesmentionedinParagraph1intendtotellus?Theimportanceofbeingcurious.Theadvicefromsuccessfulpeople.Thereasonwhyhumanskeepcurious.Therelationshipbetweencuriosityandefforts.WhatcanwelearnaboutintellectualcuriosityfromParagraph2?Itoftenrequireslong-termtraining.Ithelpspeopledevelopapositivelifestyle.Studentswithitlearnbetterthanthosesmartones.Studentsbornsmartoftenhavestrongerintellectualcuriosity.Whichofthefollowingideasisgenerallyacceptedaboutcuriosity?Humancuriositycomeswhentheywanttochangeresults.Itisnaturalandcommonamonghumansandanimals.Itisoftenrelatedtosomeadventurousactivities.Animals'curiosityappearswithhunger.Whatdoestheauthormeaninthelastparagraph?Curiositytakesmanydifferentforms.Peoplemaymakemistakesbecauseofstrongcuriosity.Curiositymakespeopledissatisfiedwiththeirpresentsituations.Peopleshoulddomoreresearchoncuriositywithsomecuriosity.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutthepassage?It'ssafetosaythatcuriosityitselfwon'thelpuncovercuriosity.Peopleshouldn'thaveanycuriosity.Intellectualcuriositycontributestoschoolperformancelessthanintelligence.Increasingthereleaseofthechemicalgreatlyincreasedthecuriosityinanimals.三、任务型阅读-简答（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）（2021•内蒙古自治区通辽市•历年真题）HugeWavesDestroyingArcticIceFasterthanExpectedIcecoversmuchoftheArcticOcean.Somepiecesoficearehuge,likemovingislands.Astemperatureshaveincreased,however,someoftheicehasbeguntodisappear.Scientistshavediscoveredhugewavesinthearcticwaters.ThewaveswerediscoveredbyaccidentinMay,2010.ScientistAlekseyMarchenkoandhisstudentssetoutonatrip.Theywantedtostudytheicywaters.第5页，共18页Theshiptravelledeastandstoppednexttoalargeblockoficearound50milesfromthesmallislandofHopen.Marchenkopreparedtoleadhisstudentsoutontotheice."WewerereadytogobutwhenIwentout,Idiscoveredmanycracksaround,"heremembers.Hedecidedtomovetheshipdeeperintotheicetokeepsafe.Thefartherintheywent,hethought,thehardertheicewouldbecome.Astheypushedforward,however,theshipexperiencedsmallwaves,andthenbiggerones.Soon,thewavesbrokeuptheicearoundtheshipintothousandsofsmallerpieces.Withinanhour,Marchenkoandhisteamsawawavethatwasabout13feethigh.Theship'snavigationsystemfinallyrecordedthelargestwaves.Theyweremorethan20feetinheight.Thewavesweresostrongthattheyforcedhugepiecesoficetojumpupanddown,breakingtheiceintosmallerpieceswithinjustonehour.Scientistshadneverimaginedthattheprocesscouldhappensofast.Thewavesintheseareasusedtobesmall.Thespeedandforceofthehugewavestheremakesitimpossibletoknowinadvancewhentheyarecoming.Thatcouldbedangerousfornavigatorsandlocalcommunitieswhoareunpreparedforhugewavedordependonseaicetoprotectthem.Wildlifelikepolarbearsthatdependonseaicetoliveisalsoindanger.Somescientiststhinkpeoplewillsoonseeevenbiggerwavesinicywaters.Aswavesbreakupice,seaswillbemoreopen,waveswillbestronger.Therearestormytimesahead.根据短文内容，请用完整句子回答下列问题。WhendidMarchenkoandhisstudentsdiscoverhugewavesinthearcticwaters?Whathappenedtotheicearoundtheshipwhentheshipmovedintotheice?Howhighwerethelargestwavesrecordedbythenavigationsystem?Whatanimalswillbeindangerbecauseofthehugewaves?Whatwillpeopleseeintheseicywaters?四、阅读填空（本大题共1小题，共5.0分）第6页，共18页（2021•内蒙古自治区通辽市•历年真题）MarcoPolowasborninItalyin1254.Whenhewas17,hetravelledalongtheSilkRoadwithhisfather,whowantedtodotradewiththeChinese.Finally,theyarrivedinBeijing.TheywereguestsattheEmperor'sPalace.AlthoughMarcowasyoung,hewasverycleverandcouldspeakfourlanguages.TheEmperorwasimpressedbyhimandtheybecamefriends.TheEmperoraskedMarcotohelphimandsenthimtodomanyimportantjobsalloverthecountry.MarcowasamazedbyhowgreatChinawas.HewasimpressedbytheEmperor'sPalacewhichhedescribedas"ThegreatestpalacethatI'veeverseen".Thewallswerecoveredwithgoldandsilverandthehallwassolarge.MarcowasalsoattractedbylotsofstrangethingsinChina.MarcowassurprisedtoseeChinesepeopleusingpapermoneyinthemarkets.InEurope,peoplepaidforgoodswithgoldandsilver.Hecouldnotunderstandhowpeoplepaidforfoodandvaluablethingswithpaper!Hewasalsopuzzledbytheblackstonespeopleusedtoburntoproduceheat.Theblackstoneswerecoal,butMarcohadneverseencoalbefore!AfterheservedtheEmperorfor17years,in1291MarcoreturnedtoItaly.Hehadalotofmoneythen.AwriterwrotedownallthestoriesthatMarcotoldhiminabookcalledTheDescriptionoftheWorld,whichbecameoneofthebest-sellingbooksinEurope.阅读短文，填表格，每空一词。第7页，共18页MarcoPoloandChinaBefore(1) inChinaHewasborninItalyin1254.Attheageof17,hetravelledtoChinaalongtheSilkRoadwithhisfather.DuringhislivinginChinaHemadefriendswiththeChineseEmperor.HehelpedtheEmperordothe(2) ofmanyjobsaroundChina.ThebeautyofChina(3) him.HedescribedtheSummerPalaceasthegreatestpalacethathehadeverseenSomethingswhichheneversawbeforeattractedhim.•Papermoneywasusedinthemarkets.•TheChineseusedcoaltoproduceheat.AfterreturningtoItalyHebecamevery(4) .Abookwas(5) abouthistravellingexperiences.五、单词拼写/单词释义（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）（2021•内蒙古自治区通辽市•历年真题）帮助处在困难中的人一直是中华传统美德之一"oIthasbeenoneofthetraditionalChinesevirtuestohelpthose.（2021•内蒙古自治区通辽市•历年真题）据报道今年中国又有一颗卫星被送入轨道。ItisreportedthatanothersatellitehasbeenorbitinChinathisyear.（2021•内蒙古自治区通辽市•历年真题）政府应采取严格措施执行垃圾分类政策。Thegovernmentshouldtakestrictmeasurestogarbagesortingpolicy.（2021•内蒙古自治区通辽市•历年真题）只有博览群书，我们才能增长知识、开阔眼界。Onlybycanwegainmoreknowledgeandbroadenourhorizons.（2021•内蒙古自治区通辽市•历年真题）“三孩政策”有助于减轻人口老龄化的压力。Thethree-childpolicycontributestoeasingthefromtheaging.六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共20.0分）（2021•内蒙古自治区通辽市•历年真题）我们国家历史悠久，地大物博。有勤劳善良的人民；有绿水青山，美丽的风景；有独特的美食，传统的饮食文化。请以"Beautiful第8页，共18页China”为题，写一篇作文，描写大美中国，表达我们对祖国的热爱。要求：（1）思路清晰，语句通顺，书写规范。（2）文中不得出现与考生本人相关的校名和姓名等真实信息。（3）词数：80词左右的短文。BeautifulChina第9页，共18页答案和解析1.【答案】【小题1】C【小题2】C【小题3】D【小题4】A【小题5】B【小题6】C【小题7】D【小题8】A【小题9】B【小题10】C【知识点】记叙文【解析（1）C考查关系代词。A.whom代替指人的先行词在从句中作宾语B.which代替指物的先行词在从句中做主语或宾语C.who代替指人的先行词在从句中做主语或宾语D.whose代替先行词在从句中作定语。根据句子结构，可知savedmanypeople'slivesinourcountry，^：定语从句修饰先行词"thedoctor”，先行词在从句中作主语，因此用"who"。故选：C。（2）C考查动词词义辨析。A.had有B.appeared出现C.happened发生D.found发现。根据语境"In2003,SARS（2）inGuangdong."可知，在2003年，非典在广东爆发或突然发生，因此"happen”符合语境，指偶然事件的发生，这里指非典的突然发生。故选：C。（3）D考查动词短语的辨析。A.diedout灭绝B.diedof死于（死于内因，饥饿、寒冷、具体的疾病等）C.diedaway消失D.diedfrom死于（死于外因，灾害、事故或疾病等）。根据空后”thedisease"，可知数百人死于非典，非典瘟疫的爆发就像灾难一样，因此这里最好用"diedfrom"。故选:D。（4）A考查动词词义辨析。A.treated治疗，对待B.treaded前行C.traded交易D.trended趋势。根据语境"EvenmanydoctorsandnursesgotSARSwhenthey（4）patients."甚至许多医生和护士当在（4）―病人时得了非典。可知，许多医生和护士在给病人治疗的时候被感染了。故选：A。（5）B考查介词辨析。A.On在 上，关于B.Around大约C.Over超过D.For为了，对于。根据后文'heagainhelpedthecountrytofightagainstCOVID-19,"他又帮助国家对抗2019新冠肺炎，与2003年非典爆发作比较，可知时间过去了大约17年的时间，因此是"Around"。故选:B。（6）C考查动词词形变化。A.investigate调查，原形B.investigates调查，第三人称单数形式C.investigating调查，现在分词或动名词D.investigated调查，过去式或过去分词。根据空前介词"for"和语境第10页，共18页"Duringthisfight,Dr.ZhongNanshanhasbeenleadingChina'sNationalHealthCommission'sexpertpanel（咨询组）for（6）theCOVID-19outbreakinthe3口口屿."在这场战斗中，钟南山博士领导中国国家卫生委员会的专家小组对于（6）—COVID-19爆发。可知，做介词"for”的宾语，因此用动名词，即钟南山博士领导中国国家卫生委员会的专家小组对于COVID-19爆发展开调查。故选：C。（7）D考查副词词义辨析。A.slowly慢慢地B.quietly静静地C.mostly主要地，大部分D.frankly坦率地。根据语境"AftervisitingWuhan,Dr,Zhongspokeout（7）abouthuman-to-humantransmission"参观武汉后，钟博士说出（7）关于人与人之间传播。可知，钟博士坦率地说出关于新冠肺炎人与人之间传播的事实。故选：D。（8）A考查词类转换。A.effective形容词，有效的，有影响的B.affecting动名词或现在分词，影响C.effort名词，努力D.efficacy名词，功效。根据语境"Asatrusteddoctor,heisvery（8）incalmingpublicfearandanxietywithfacts」作为一个值得信赖的医生，他是非常（8）—用事实安抚公众的恐惧和焦虑。可知，作为一个值得信赖的医生，他用事实安抚公众的恐惧和焦虑是非常有效的。故选：A。（9）B考查动词词义辨析。A.trusts信任B.teaches教授C.saves拯救D.thanks感谢。根据空后部分"youngdoctors"年轻的医生，可知钟南山现在84岁了，仍在医院治疗病人和教年轻的医生。故选：B。（10）C考查连词。A.though虽然，尽管B.even副词，甚至C.because因为D.so因此。根据前后语境"OnSept.8，2020，Dr.ZhongwasawardedtheMedaloftheRepublic,thehigheststatehonor,（10）hehadmadeagreatcontributiontoChina'sfightagainstthepandemic."2020年9月8日，钟博士被授予共和国勋章，最高荣誉，（10）―他对中国对抗瘟疫做出了很大贡献。可知，钟博士被授予共和国勋章是因为他对中国对抗瘟疫做出了很大贡献。故选：C。本文主要介绍了钟南山医生在对抗非典和新冠病毒做出的巨大贡献。对于完形填空题，首先通读原文，了解大意，根据对上下文语境的理解，给出答案。然后复读短文，进一步核实答案。11.【答案】【小题1】D【小题2】B【小题3】A【小题4】B【小题5】A【知识点】广告第11页，共18页【解析】(1)D.细节推理题。根据"Thisisaneight-houreverydayjobintheten-day-longprogramduringthesummer这是一项为期10天的暑期工作，每天工作8小时。Hours：9：30a.m.—5：30p.m.Pay： $10perhour."可知一个夏令营顾问总共能赚8x10x10=800美元，故选D。B.细节理解题。根据"WearelookingforsmartandcreativeLEGOengineeringinstructors你我们正在寻找聪明和创造性的乐高工程导师。”可知要成为一名乐高工程师，你必须有创造力。故选B。A.细节理解题。根据"Teacher'saidesneedtopreparematerials,helpchildrenfinishactivitiesandcreateasafeenvironment.教师助理需要准备材料，帮助儿童完成活动，并创造一个安全的环境。”可知助教帮助孩子做活动。故选A。B.细节判断题。根据"SummerCareGiver：I'mlookingforsomeonecarefulandpatienttowatchmykidswhenI'mworkingfrom11：00a.m.to3：00p.m.,我想找一个细心耐心的人在我上午11点到下午3点工作的时候照看我的孩子。"可知如果杰里上午10点到下午4点有空，他可以申请SummerCareGiver,故选B。A.细节推理题。根据"WearelookingforpeopletojoinusasacampcounseloratCuyaOutdoorSchool.Weconnectchildrentosciencethroughnature.我们正在寻找人加入我们作为一个夏令营辅导员在Cuya户外学校。我们通过自然将孩子与科学联系起来。及其后文对一些工作的介绍，”可知文章是一则广告，所以可能来自一个网页。故选A。短文讲了一个招聘广告，详细地介绍了招聘的职位、工作时间和薪酬等。在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。16.【答案】【小题1】B【小题2】C【小题3】D【小题4】A【小题5】C【知识点】科普知识与现代技术【解析】(1)B细节理解题，根据短文第二段中Onecandownloadatwo-hourmovieforfewerthan10seconds•可知：使用5G网络，一个人可以在不到10秒的时间内下载一部两小时的电影。故选：B。第12页，共18页C语义猜测题，根据下文ltmeanscaringforpatientsfromfaraway.可知这里指"医生用5G远程治疗病人，remotely可以解释为fromfaraway,即"远程地"，故选：C。D推理判断题，短文第三段5Gwillmakeself-drivingcarspossible可知：5G将使自动驾驶汽车成为可能，排除答案A；根据第三段Evenairplaneswillbecome"smart"inthenearfuture.可知：在不久的将来，甚至飞机也将变得智能化”，排除答案B；根据第四段5Gwillbeabighelpforstudentswhotakeonline©匕5565.可知：5G将对参加在线课程的学生有很大帮助，排除答案C；根据第五段Itwillbealsoeasierfordoctorstotreatpatientsremotelyby5G.可知：医生用5G远程治疗病人也会更容易，故选：D。（4）A推理判断题，根据第二段5Gmeanssuper-fastdata（数据）speed.可知:5G意味着超高速的数据速度，第二段中Itisanewnetwork（网络）after1G，2G，3Gand4Ganditcanconnecteveryoneandeverythingtogether可知：5G可以将所有人和所有的事物连接在一起；根据第二段Onecandownloadatwo-hourmovieforfewerthan10seconds,anditismakingourlivesmoreandmoreconvenient.可知：与4G相比，5G使人们的生活更方便，这篇短文没有提到5G可以免费使用，故选：A。C细节理解题，根据最后一段Thesamewillsurelybetrueof5G.With5G，manythingsdonotseemlikedreamsanymore.可知：有了5G，很多事情都能梦想成真。故选：C。5G是第五代网络，它是继1G、2G、3G和4G之后的一种新的网络，它可以将所有人和所有的事物连接在一起，5G网络很快将覆盖中国的许多城市，它将在自动驾驶汽车，智能飞机，在线学习，远程治疗等方面发挥作用。在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。21.【答案】【小题1】A【小题2】C【小题3】B【小题4】D【小题5】D【知识点】科普知识与现代技术【解析（1）A.细节理解题。根据第一段"Iftheyhadn'tbeencurious,whatalossforhumans"如果他们没有好奇心，那对人类来说是多大的损失啊。可知，作者例举那些例子是想强调好奇心的重要性。故选A。（2）C.段落理解题。根据第二段"Thereisacommontruththatintellectualcuriosity（求知欲）contributestoschoolperformancemorethanintelligence"一个普遍的事实是，求知欲第13页，共18页比智力更有助于学校表现。由此可知，拥有求知欲的学生比天生聪明的学生学得更好。故选C。（3）B.细节理解题。根据第三段"Ithasbeenknownthatbothanimalsandhumansarewillingtotakearisktosatisfytheircuriositydespiteknowingthattheresultwillremainunchanged"众所周知，动物和人类都愿意冒险来满足他们的好奇心，尽管他们知道结果会保持不变。由此可知人和动物都有好奇心。故选B。（4）D.段落理解题。根据最后一段"It'ssafetosaythatcuriosityitselfwillhelpuncovercuriosity'可以肯定地说，好奇心本身有助于揭开好奇心。由此可知，作者想要表达的是：人应该带着一定的好奇心多去研究好奇心，故选D。（5）D.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段"Researchersnewlyfoundthatincreasingthereleaseofthechemicalgreatlyincreasedthecuriosityin2口而盘"研究人员最近发现，增加化学物质的释放极大地增加了动物的好奇心。可知，通过增加化学物质的释放可以极大地增加动物的好奇心，故选C。本文主要向我们介绍了好奇心的重要性，以及人和动物都有好奇心，最后号召我们要带着好奇心去研究它。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案，推理判新题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。.【答案】【小题1】InMay,2010.【小题2】Theicearoundtheshipwasbrokenupintothousandsofsmallerpiecesbythewaves.【小题3】Theyweremorethan20feetinheight.【小题4】Wildlifelikepolarbearsthatdependonseaicetoliveisalsoindanger.【小题5】Peoplewillsoonseeevenbiggerwavesinicywaters.【知识点】篇章理解【解析】（1）InMay,2010.细节理解题。根据ThewaveswerediscoveredbyaccidentinMay,2010.ScientistAlekseyMarchenkoandhisstudentssetoutonatrip可知，这些海浪是2010年5月偶然发现的。科学家阿列克西•马尔琴科和他的学生们开始了一次旅行。所以马尔琴科和他的学生2010年5月在北极水域发现巨浪的。故答案为InMay,2010.（2）Theicearoundtheshipwasbrokenupintothousandsofsmallerpiecesbythewaves细第14页，共18页节理解题。根据Soon,thewavesbrokeuptheicearoundtheshipintothousandsofsmallerpieces.可知，很快，巨浪把船周围的冰破碎成了成千上万的小块。所以当船进入冰层时，船周围的冰被海浪打碎成成千上万的小块。故答案为Theicearoundtheshipwasbrokenupintothousandsofsmallerpiecesbythewaves.（3）Theyweremorethan20feetinheight细节理解题。根据Theship'snavigationsystemfinallyrecordedthelargestwaves.Theyweremorethan20feetin卜618位可知，船上的导航系统最终记录到了最大的海浪。海浪高达20多英尺。所以导航系统记录的最大海浪超过20英尺高。故答案为Theyweremorethan20feetinheight.（4）Wildlifelikepolarbearsthatdependonseaicetoliveisalsoindange细节理解题。根据Wildlifelikepolarbearsthatdependonseaicetoliveisalsoindange可知，像北极熊这样依靠海冰生存的野生动物也面临危险。故答案为Wildlifelikepolarbearsthatdependonseaicetoliveisalsoindanger.（5）Peoplewillsoonseeevenbiggerwavesinicywater推理判断题。根据Somescientiststhinkpeoplewillsoonseeevenbiggerwavesinicywaters可知，一些科学家认为，人们很快就会在冰冷的海水中看到更大的海浪。所以在这些冰冷的海水里人们会看到更大的海浪。故答案为Peoplewillsoonseeevenbiggerwavesinicywaters.文章讲了讲述了巨浪以比预期更快的速度摧毁了极圈的冰块。冰层覆盖了北冰洋的大部分地区。有些冰层是巨大的，就像移动的岛屿。然而，随着温度的升高，有些冰层已经开始消失。科学家在北冰洋水域发现了巨大的海浪。这些海浪是2010年5月偶然发现的。科学家阿列克西•马尔琴科和他的学生们开始了一次旅行。他们想研究冰冷的海水。阅读表达题往往从不同的角度命题，既考查学生的阅读理解能力，也考查他们的英语表达能力和概括能力，另外，对回答的拼写、语法的正确性的也有较高的要求。.【答案】【小题1]arriving【小题2】importance【小题3】amazed【小题4】rich【小题5】written【知识点】篇章理解【解析】（1）arriving.考查动名词。根据第一段Whenhewas17，hetravelledalongtheSilkRoadwithhisfather,whowantedtodotradewiththeChinese可第15页，共18页知他在17岁之前和想去中国做生意的父亲沿着丝绸之路游历，因此判断这里讲的是到达中国之前发生的故事，before后动词要变为动名词形式，故答案为arriving.（2）importance.考查名词。根据第一段TheEmperoraskedMarcotohelphimandsenthimtodomanyimportantjobsalloverthecountry.可知皇帝让马可•波罗帮助他并且派他去全国做一些重要的工作，题目中使用同义句，the后跟名词，因此形容词important要变为名词形式，故答案为importance.（3）amazed.考查动词过去式。根据第二段MarcowasamazedbyhowgreatChinawas.可知马可•波罗被中国的伟大所吸引，题目中使用同义句，原文的被动语态在题目中变为主动语态，即中国的美丽吸引了马可•波罗，故答案为amazedo（4）rich.考查形容词。根据最后一段Hehadalotofmoneythen.可知当时他有很多钱，题目中使用同义句，即他变得非常富