【分级测试卷】Unit 4 Natural Disasters B卷·能力提升练（解析版）

必修Book1Unit4NaturalDisastersB卷·综合能力提升练(时间：90分钟满分：120分)第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAppstoHelpinaDisasterDisastersalmostalwaysarriveunexpectedly.Butthereareputerappstohelppeoplepreparefordisasters.Someappswarnuserswhenadisasterhastakenplace.SirenGPSMobileThefreeSirenGPSMobileappconnectsuserstoemergency(紧急事件)servicesatthetapofthescreen.Theappwillletemergencyworkersknowwherethepersoninneedis.Theappworksovercellphonenetworks.ButitalsoworksonWi-Fiifcellphonenetworksaredownafteranemergency.Userscancreateapersonalhealthreportontheapptosharewithemergencyservices.Thiswillprovideinformationaboutmedicinesthatuserstake,allergies(过敏反应)theymighthaveandothermedicalinformationimportanttotreatmentdecisions.Life360TheLife360appprovidesaservicetokeepthelovedonesconnected.Userscansetupanetworkofpeopletosharetheirlocation,chatandgetinformedwhentheyarenearsomeoneintheirnetwork.PeopleinthesamenetworkcanusetheapponiPhoneandAndroiddevices.Theapphelpsusersmunicatewhentheyareindanger.Thelocationsharingfunctioncanbesuspended(暂停)whendesired.TheLife360appisfree,withsomeservicesavailableforafee.RedPanicButtonWhenapersonisindanger,theRedPanicButtonappmighthelp.Thisappcansendatextmessagetochosencontactsprovidingtheuser’slocation.Youcanalsoaddavoiceorvideomessageorphototoyourtextandemail.Thisappcanalsobeusedtocontactemergencyservices.RedPanicButtonisfree,butextrafeaturesareavailableforafee*FirstAidbyAmericanRedCrossThefreeFirstAidappbytheAmericanRedCrosshelpsguideusersingivingfirstaidtotheinjuredpeople.Theappcanalsohelpwithinformationtohelpplanfordroughts,floods,stormsandmore.Watchvideosandtaketestswithintheapp.UserscanswitchtheappfromEnglishtoSpanish.1．WhichisnotthefeatureoftheSirenGPSMobileapp?A．Itconnectsuserstoemergencyservices.B．Itisuselessifyourcellphonenetworkisdown.C．Rescuerscangetyourhealthinformationthroughit.D．Rescueworkerscanknowwheretheinjuredpersonis.2．WhatcanyoudoifyouhavetheLife360app?A．Watchoveryourlovedones’movements.B．Keepconnectedwiththoseinyournetwork.C．Shareyourhealthinformationwithdoctorsdirectly.D．Gethospitalinformationimmediatelywhenindanger.3．Whatmaybethebestchoiceifyouwanttogetinformationaboutdisastersinadvance?A．SirenGPSMobile. B．Life360.C．RedPanicButton. D．FirstAidbyAmericanRedCross.【答案】1．B2．B3．D【解析】这是一篇应用文。介绍了在灾难时有帮助的几款应用程序。1．细节理解题。根据SirenGPSMobile下列第二段中“ButitalsoworksonWi-Fiifcellphonenetworksaredownafteranemergency.(但如果紧急情况下网络中断，它也可以在Wi-Fi上运行。)”可知，选项B“如果你的网络坏了，它就没用了。”不是SirenGPSMobile应用程序的特点。故选B项。2．细节理解题。根据Life360下列第一段中“TheLife360appprovidesaservicetokeepthelovedonesconnected.(Life360应用程序提供了一种让亲人保持联系的服务。)”可知，如果你有Life360应用程序，你能和你社交圈里的人保持联系。故选B项。3．推理判断题。根据FirstAidbyAmericanRedCross下列段落中“Theappcanalsohelpwithinformationtohelpplanfordroughts,floods,stormsandmore.(该应用程序还可以提供信息，有助于对干旱、洪水、风暴等做出计划。)”可知，如果你想提前获得灾难的信息，最好的选择是FirstAidbyAmericanRedCross。故选D项。BOnthedaythetornadohit,therewasnoindicationthatsevereweatherwasonitsway—theskywasblueandthesunhadbeenout.Thefirstalertmyhusband,Jimmy,67,andI,65,gotcamearound9p.m.,fromsomescrollingtextontheTVJimmywaswatching.Heranupstairstofindmeinourthirdfloorbedroom,andwechangedthechannelfromthepresidentialprimarydebateIhadbeenwatchingtoourlocalPensacola,Florida,station.Nosoonerhadwefoundcoverageofthetornadothanitwasontopofus.ItwastheloudestthingIhaveeverheard.Thebonesofthehouseshook,andthepowerwentout.Thewindbegantoroarthroughthehouse,mostlikelythroughblownoutwindowsandthedoortoourgarage.Wehadthreeflightsofstepstonavigatetogettotherelativesafetyofthefirstfloor,becausethecupboarddownthereisunderneathabrickstaircase.Ididn’tknowhoworifwewouldmakeitdownthesteps.Itfeltasiftherewerenofloorunderneathmeasthewindliftedmeoffmyfeet.Itriedtomoveforward,butthisintensepressureheldmeinplace.Aswereachedthelastflightofsteps,ourfrontdoorblewout.Piecesofglassthatlookedlikecrushedicefleweverywhere.Suddenly,athreefootlongtreebranchcrashedintothedoorframe.Itflewoverourheads,missingusbyinches.Hadwebeenonestepup,itwouldhavehitus.BythetimeIreachedthecupboard,thetornadohadbeenoverusforaboutaminute.Jimmypushedmedowntothecupboardfloor,buthecouldn’tgetinsidehimselfbecauseofthewind.IheldJimmy’sarmandtriedtobringJimmywithit.Mykneeswerefullofglass,butatthatmoment,Ifeltnopain.IfIhadletgo,Jimmywouldhaveflownrightoutthebackofthehouseandintothebay.Allofasudden,Jimmyliftedoffhisfeetlikepeopleintornadoesdointhemovies.Ithoughthewasgone.Andtheneverythingstopped.Helandedonhisfeet.Inthosefirstquietmoments,Icouldn'tbelieveitwasover,Jimmysaidhe'dgooutsidetocheck.“No,”Isaid.“Don’tleaveme.Don’tleaveme.”Ourneighborsaidthestormlastedfourminutes.Inthattime,fourofthetwelvetownhousesinourunitwerepletelydestroyed.Ofthehousesleftstanding,ourssufferedthemostdamage.Amazingly,noneofuswereseverelyinjured.4．Wheredidthehusbandfirstgetthewarninginformationaboutthetornado?A．Fromtheweatherforecast.B．Fromamoviehewaswatching.C．Fromthelocalbroadcaststation.D．FromthemovingwordsonaTVprogramme.5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“coverage”mean?A．Power. B．Description. C．Arrival. D．Delay.6．Whydidn'tthewifefeelpain?A．Becauseshedidn'tgetanyhurtwhenthestormhit.B．Becauseshewastooscaredtofeelpain.C．Becausesheusedallherstrengthtoholdontoherhusband.D．Becauseshehadreachedthecupboardandshewassafe.7．What'stheauthor'spurposebywritingthepassage?A．Tosharewithusherexperienceofsurvivingatornado.B．Towarnusofthedangercausedbytornadoes.C．Toshowushowtofightagainstatornado.D．Totellushowtoprotectusfromdangeroustornadoes.【答案】4．D5．C6．C7．A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和丈夫经历了一次龙卷风幸存下来的经历。4．细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Thefirstalertmyhusband,Jimmy,67,andI,65,gotcamearound9p.m.,fromsomescrollingtextontheTVJimmywaswatching.”(我和我67岁的丈夫吉米第一次接到警报是在晚上9点左右，当时吉米正在看电视上滚动的文本。)可知，丈夫首先从电视节目上的滚动文本中得知龙卷风的警告信息。故选D。5．词句猜测题。根据第二段第一句中的“itwasontopofus”(它就在我们上面)和第二句“ItwastheloudestthingIhaveeverheard.”(这是我听过的最响的声音。)可知，此处是指发现龙卷风的到来，所以coverage意为“到来”。故选C。6．细节理解题。根据第五段第三句“IheldJimmy'sarmandtriedtobringJimmywithit.”(我抓住吉米的胳膊，想把吉米也拽过来。)和第五句“IfIhadletgo,Jimmywouldhaveflownrightoutthebackofthehouseandintothebay.”(如果我放手，吉米就会从房子后面飞到海湾里去。)可知，妻子并不感到痛苦是因为她用尽了所有的力气去抓住丈夫。故选C。7．推理判断题。根据第二段“Nosoonerhadwefoundcoverageofthetornadothanitwasontopofus.ItwastheloudestthingIhaveeverheard.Thebonesofthehouseshook,andthepowerwentout.Thewindbegantoroarthroughthehouse,mostlikelythroughblownoutwindowsandthedoortoourgarage.”（我们一看到龙卷风的报道，它就在我们头顶上。这是我听过的最响的声音。房子的骨架摇晃了一下，接着就停电了。风开始呼啸着穿过房子，很可能是从被吹破的窗户和车库门吹进来的）根据最后一段最后两句“Ofthehousesleftstanding,ourssufferedthemostdamage.Amazingly,noneofuswereseverelyinjured.”(在幸存的房屋中，我们的房屋受损最严重。令人惊讶的是，我们都没有严重受伤。)可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是和我们分享她在龙卷风中幸存的经历。故选A。CA6.2-magnitudeearthquakehittheNorthernCaliforniacoastonMonday,bringingsignificantshakingbutlikelyslightdamagetotheless-populatedarea.Theearthquakeoccurredjustafternoonandwascenteredoffthecoastabout337kilometersnorthwestofSanFrancisco,justoffatinytowncalledPetroliathat’shometofewerthan1,000people.Thenearestpopulationcenter,Eureka,isabout72kilometersnorth.Thatleftonlyabout25,000peopleintherangeofstrongorverystrongshaking,accordingtotheUSGeologicalSurvey(USGS),thoughresidentsasfarawayasSacramentoandtheSanFranciscoBayAreareportedfeelingtrembling.TheHumboldtCountySheriff’sofficeofemergencyservicesclosedafewroads.TheUSGssaidtheearthquakecausedlossesaboutlessthan$10millionandnodeathshadbeenreported.Thearealastsufferedanearthquakeofasimilarmagnitudein1993,whenonepersondied.“Theshakinglastedforabout20seconds.Glassbottlesfellofftheshelvesatthestore,breakingintopiecesonthefloor,butnoonewashurt,”PetroliaGeneralStoremanagerJaneDextersaid.“ItwasbiggerthananythingI’vefeltinmylife,”sheadded.California’sOfficeofEmergencyServices(OES)said2,500peopleweretoldabouttheearthquakebeforeshakingbeganthroughthestate’searlywarningsystemcalledMyShake.“Itisaveryusefultooltoannouncewarningtips.Itsavedusindeed.Yet,westillhavetoremainverycareful...aslargeaftershocks(余震)willoccuralongtheNorthCoastoverthenextfewdays,”OESDirectorMarkGhilarduccisaidinastatement.8．WhatcanwelearnabouttheearthquakeonMonday?A．ItoccurredontheNorthernCaliforniacoast.B．Itbroughtsignificantdamagetothearea.C．Itcausedstrongshakinginthewholenation.D．Itdestroyedasmalltownpletely.9．WhatcanweinferfromJaneDexter’swords?A．Thestorehadtoberebuilt.B．Sheneverfeltsuchabigearthquake.C．Someworkersgotbadlyinjured.D．Noonewouldgoshoppingatthestore.10．WhatisMarkGhilarducci’sadviceforpeopleinCalifornia?A．Unloadingthewarningsystem.B．Keepingstayinginshelters.C．Workingfromhomeoverthenextfewdays.D．Watchingoutfortheaftershocks.11．Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A．Aweatherforecast. B．Alabreport.C．Anewsreport. D．Atravelguide.【答案】8．A9．B10．D11．C【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了周一在北加州海岸发生了一场6.2级地震，造成了严重的震动，可能对这个人口较少的地区造成轻微损害。8．细节理解题。根据第一段“A6.2-magnitudeearthquakehittheNorthernCaliforniacoastonMonday,bringingsignificantshakingbutlikelyslightdamagetotheless-populatedarea.(周一，一场6.2级地震袭击了北加州海岸，造成了严重的震动，但可能对这个人口较少的地区造成轻微损害。)”可知，这场地震发生在北加州海岸。故选A。9．推理判断题。根据文章第四段““Theshakinglastedforabout20seconds.Glassbottlesfellofftheshelvesatthestore,breakingintopiecesonthefloor,butnoonewashurt,”PetroliaGeneralStoremanagerJaneDextersaid.“ItwasbiggerthananythingI’vefeltinmylife,”sheadded.(地震持续了大约20秒。Petrolia百货商店经理JaneDexter说：“玻璃瓶从商店的货架上掉下来，在地板上摔成了碎片，但没有人受伤。”她补充说：“这是我一生中从未有过的感觉。”)”可在，JaneDexter从未经历过这么严重的地震。故选B。10．细节理解题。根据最后一段““Itisaveryusefultooltoannouncewarningtips.Itsavedusindeed.Yet,westillhavetoremainverycareful…aslargeaftershocks(余震)willoccuralongtheNorthCoastoverthenextfewdays,”OESDirectorMarkGhilarduccisaidinastatement.(“这是一个非常有用的系统来宣布警告提示。它确实拯救了我们。然而，我们仍然必须非常小心……因为未来几天北海岸沿线将发生大余震。”OES主任MarkGhilarducci在一份声明中说。)”可知，MarkGhilarducci建议人们小心余震。故选D。11．推理判断题。根据第一段“A6.2-magnitudeearthquakehittheNorthernCaliforniacoastonMonday,bringingsignificantshakingbutlikelyslightdamagetotheless-populatedarea.(周一，一场6.2级地震袭击了北加州海岸，造成了严重的震动，但可能对这个人口较少的地区造成轻微损害。)”可知，文章在第一段就言简意赅地说明了文章主要内容；第二段详细介绍了地震发生的地区，第四段还有人物采访。这是很典型的新闻报道。故选C。DFordecades,climatescientistshavenamedhurricanesandrankedthemaccordingtothedamage.“Namingandcategorizing(把……归类)heatwavesisalsoamust,”statesanewlyformedinternationalunion,calledtheExtremeHeatResilienceAlliance.“Hurricanesgetattentionbecausetheycauseobviousphysicaldamage,”saysJenniferMarlon,aclimatescientistatYaleUniversity.Heatwaves,however,havelessevidenteffects,sincetheprimarydamageistohumanhealth.HeatwaveskillmorepeopleintheUnitedStatesthananyotherweather-relateddisaster.DatafromtheNationalWeatherServiceshowthatfrom1986to2019,therewere4,257deathsasaresultofheat.Byparison,therewerefewerdeathsbyfloods(2,907),tornadoes(2,203)orhurricanes(1,405)overthesameperiod.What’smore,climatechangeisincreasingthepossibilityofhightemperatureeventsworldwide,gettingtensofthousandsofpeopledyingeachyearbecauseofheat.Somepopulationsareparticularlyeasilyharmedbyhighheat,includingpeopleover65andthosewithpotentialmedicalconditions.Historicalracialdiscriminationalsoputsminoritymunitiesathigherrisk.Duetohousingpolicies,theyaremorelikelytoliveinurbanareas,heatislandswhichlackgreenspacesthathelpcooldownneighborhoods.Partofthenamingandrankingprocesswillincludedefiningexactlywhataheatwaveis.Nosingledefinitioncurrentlyexists.Withoutauniversallyaccepteddefinitionofaheatwave,“Wedon’thaveamonunderstandingofthedangerweface,”saysAaronBernstein,anexpertofthenewgroup.“Definedcategoriesforheatwavescouldhelplocalofficialsbetterpreparetodealwithpotentialhealthproblemsinthefaceofrisingtemperatures.Andnamingandcategorizingheatwavescouldincreasepublicawarenessofthehealthriskscausedbythesesilentkillers.”TheunionishavingconversationswiththeNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration,theWorldMeteorologicalOrganizationandotherinstitutionstodevelopastandardnamingandrankingpractice.12．WhatdoweknowabouttheheatwaveinAmerica?A．Itcausesmostseriousphysicaldamage.B．Ithasgotmoreattentioninrecentyears.C．Itkillsmorepeoplethanothernaturaldisasters.D．Itisthebiggestkilleramongweather-relateddisasters.13．Whyareminoritypopulationseasilyharmedbyheatwaves?A．Theyliveinpoorly-builthouses. B．Theylackgoodmedicalresources.C．Theyhavelessaccesstogreenspaces. D．Theyarelimitedintheirmovements.14．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheexpertmentionedinParagraph4?A．Supportive. B．Negative.C．Conservative(保守的) D．Objective.15．Whatdoesthetextintendtotellusaboutheatwaves?A．Theyalsokillliveslikehurricanes. B．Theyshouldhavenameslikehurricanes.C．Climatechangeisaffectingthemgreatly. D．Measuresshouldbetakentopreventthem.【答案】12．D13．C14．A15．B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了有关组织和科学家表示，高温应该像飓风一样进行命名，也介绍了高温所带来的危害和对高温进行命名和分类会带来的好处。12．细节理解题。根据第二段中“HeatwaveskillmorepeopleintheUnitedStatesthananyotherweather-relateddisaster.(在美国，热浪造成的死亡人数比其他任何与天气有关的灾难都要多)”可知，在美国，热浪是与天气有关的灾害中最大的杀手。故选D。13．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Historicalracialdiscriminationalsoputsminoritymunitiesathigherrisk.Duetohousingpolicies,theyaremorelikelytoliveinurbanareas,heatislandswhichlackgreenspacesthathelpcooldownneighborhoods.(历史上的种族歧视也使少数族裔社区面临更高的风险。由于住房政策的原因，他们更有可能生活在城市地区，这些热岛地区缺乏有助于冷却社区的绿地。)”可知，少数民族容易受到高温的伤害因为他们很少接触绿色空间。故选C。14．推理判断题。根据第四段“Partofthenamingandrankingprocesswillincludedefiningexactlywhataheatwaveis.Nosingledefinitioncurrentlyexists.Withoutauniversallyaccepteddefinitionofaheatwave,“Wedon’thaveamonunderstandingofthedangerweface,”saysAaronBernstein,anexpertofthenewgroup.“Definedcategoriesforheatwavescouldhelplocalofficialsbetterpreparetodealwithpotentialhealthproblemsinthefaceofrisingtemperatures.Andnamingandcategorizingheatwavescouldincreasepublicawarenessofthehealthriskscausedbythesesilentkillers.””(命名和排名过程的一部分将包括准确定义什么是热浪。目前还不存在单一的定义。没有一个普遍接受的热浪的定义，“我们对我们面临的危险没有一个共同的理解，”新小组的专家AaronBernstein说。“确定热浪类别可以帮助当地官员在气温上升的情况下更好地准备应对潜在的健康问题。对热浪进行命名和分类可以提高公众对这些无声杀手造成的健康风险的意识。”)”可知，作者认为高温应该进行命名和排名，所以对第四段中提到的专家的态度是支持的。故选A。15．推理判断题。根据第一段“Fordecades,climatescientistshavenamedhurricanesandrankedthemaccordingtothedamage.“Namingandcategorizing（把……归类）heatwavesisalsoamust,”statesanewlyformedinternationalunion,calledtheExtremeHeatResilienceAlliance.“Hurricanesgetattentionbecausetheycauseobviousphysicaldamage,”saysJenniferMarlon,aclimatescientistatYaleUniversity.Heatwaves,however,havelessevidenteffects,sincetheprimarydamageistohumanhealth.(几十年来，气候科学家们一直根据破坏程度给飓风命名并排序。“对热浪进行命名和分类也是必须的，”一个新成立的国际联盟极端抗热能力联盟（ExtremeheatResilienceAlliance）表示。耶鲁大学气候科学家詹妮弗·马龙说:“飓风之所以受到关注，是因为它们造成了明显的物理损害。”然而，热浪的影响不太明显，因为它的主要损害是人体健康。)”并结合文章主要说明了有组织和科学家表示，高温应该像飓风一样进行命名，高温所带来的危害和对高温进行命名和分类会带来的好处可知，这篇文章想告诉我们高温应该像飓风一样有名字。故选B。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Chinaisoneofthecountrieswiththemostseriousnaturaldisastersintheworld.Therearemanykindsofdisasters,withwidedistribution,highfrequencyandheavylosses.Inthebackgroundofglobalclimatechange,majornaturaldisastersoccurfromtimetotime.____16____ItmakesChinafaceevenmuchsevereandplexsituation.Inordertorasetheawarenessofdisasterpreventionandminimizethelosses,warningsandinstructionsaregivetothepublic.____17____Let’shavealook.FireWhenafirebreaksout,smokethreatensmostly.____18____Rollonthegroundifyoufindyourclothesonfire.Itistoodangeroustotaketheelevatorinthissituation,soitisbettertouseabundleofropeandsafelyslidedownfromthebalcony.Jumpingoffthebuildingblindlywillcauseseriousinjuries.Mud-rockflowRainstormmaycausemud-rockflow,anit’sreallydangeroustostaydownstream.Whenyoutrytoescapefromit,insteadofgoingalongthebottomoftheditch,itismuchwisertoclimbupthemountainhorizontallyquickly.Pleaseescapefromditchwhenselectingcampingfield.It’simportanttochecktheweatherwhengoingintothemountainFlood____19____Wecoulduseawoodenbedortabletomakearaftandtieittoabigtreewithasafety.

rope.Wehavetopreparefoodandwarmclothestogetthroughit.LightningstrikeOncloudyandrainydays,alightningstrikemayhappen.____20____Ofcourse,youalsoshouldstayawayfromirontowerpoles.Weneedtopayattentiontoitevenwhenwestayathome.Closethedoors,windowsandcutoffthepower.A．Cutoffthepowerandshutoffwatersources.B．Pleasedon’tstandunderthetreeinsuchkindofweather.C．Trytofindahigherplace,butstayingonaroofisn’tagoodchoice.D．Firstyouneedtotakeshelter,thenfindagapunderthetableorbed.E．LossescausedbynaturaldisasterinChinaarecontinuouslyincreasing.F．Theyalsoplayapartinpopularizetheknowledgeandself-rescueskills.G．Inthatcase,pleasecoveryournoseandyourmouthwithawettowel.【答案】16．E17．F18．G19．C20．B【解析】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种重大自然灾害下的防灾自救知识。16．前文“Inthebackgroundofglobalclimatechange,majornaturaldisastersoccurfromtimetotime.(在全球气候变化的背景下，重大自然灾害时有发生)”以及后文“ItmakesChinafaceevenmuchsevereandplexsituation.(这使中国面临更加严峻和复杂的形势)”故E项“中国自然灾害造成的损失不断增加。”承接上文有许多自然灾害，损失不断增加引出下文面临更严峻和复杂的形式。故选E项。17．前文“Inordertorasetheawarenessofdisasterpreventionandminimizethelosses,warningsandinstructionsaregivetothepublic.(为了提高防灾意识，最大限度地减少损失，政府向公众发出警告和指示)”故F项“他们还在普及知识和自救技能方面发挥了作用。”与前文为并列关系。故选F项。18．前文“Whenafirebreaksout,smokethreatensmostly.(当火灾发生时，烟雾威胁最大)”故G项“那样的话，请用湿毛巾捂住鼻子和嘴巴。”是火灾发生时避免烟雾威胁的措施。故选G项。19．结合小标题“Flood(洪水)”可知，本段主要讲述洪水来临时的办法。故C项“试着找一个更高的地方，但是呆在屋顶上不是一个好的选择。”符合此处洪水来临时的语境。故选C项。20．前文“Oncloudyandrainydays,alightningstrikemayhappen.(在阴天和雨天，可能会发生雷击)”故B项“在这样的天气里，请不要站在树下。”符合此处语境，下雨天站在树下十分危险。故选B项。第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。JoelBoyersandhiswife,MelodyAmong,wereheadinghomeintheirhelicopter(直升机）whenhereceivedacallforhelpfromastranger.Thecaller’sbrotherandher_____21_____weretrappedontheirroofinWaverlybecauseoftherisingfloodwater.Thecaller_____22_____JoelBoyerstoetotheiraid.BoyerslookedwesttowardsWaverlyatthestormclouds.Awareofthedangerto_____23_____insuchbadweather,though,he_____24_____putthebrother’saddressintohis_____25_____.Soon,heandAmongwereintheair,_____26_____forwhattheywereabouttoseeinWaverly.Uponarriving,hefoundthewaterbelowwas_____27_____.Peoplewereholdingontoanythingthatdidn’tmove—roofs,trees.Thefloodingalso______28______cellphoneservice,meaningBoyerscouldn’tusehisphonetolocatethe_____29_____hewaslookingfor.Heflewonanyway.AsBoyersdrovethehelicopter,Amongbegan____30____peopleonroofsandbridges—anywhereBoyerscould_____31_____andgetthemonboard.Arescuedmanpointedtoateenager.Theteenagerheldontoabranchwithonehandandtheotherheldadogshe’dsavedearlierwhilebothwere_____32_____inthecurrent(水流).WithnoplaceforBoyerstoland,he_____33_____thehelicopteruntilithovered(盘旋)justabovethewaterline.Therescuedmanjumpedoutandswamtothetree,wherehehelpedtheteenandthedogtothe_____34_____.Thoughtheexperiencewas_____35_____,Boyersadmitteditwasfun.21．A．neighbour B．wife C．friend D．daughter22．A．ordered B．attracted C．begged D．challenged23．A．pack B．fly C．quit D．swim24．A．immediately B．secretly C．gradually D．creatively25．A．card B．pocket C．puter D．phone26．A．unprepared B．intended C．relieved D．recognized27．A．peaceful B．rapid C．familiar D．clean28．A．revised B．delivered C．damaged D．registered29．A．house B．tree C．car D．bridge30．A．debatingwith B．adaptingto C．mentingon D．searchingfor31．A．land B．rise C．jump D．look32．A．training B．exploring C．experimenting D．struggling33．A．reserved B．lowered C．followed D．designed34．A．home B．school C．helicopter D．truck35．A．plain B．awkward C．adventurous D．formal【答案】21．D22．C23．B24．A25．D26．A27．B28．C29．A30．D31．A32．D33．B34．C35．C【解析】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了JoelBoyers和他的妻子MelodyAmong不顾危险，驾驶直升飞机抢救被洪水围困的人的故事。21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：打者的弟弟和她的女儿由于上涨的洪水被困在韦弗利的屋顶。A.neighbour邻居；B.wife妻子；C.friend朋友；D.daughter女儿。根据上文“Thecaller’sbrotherandher”和下文“Theteenager”可知，打的人是女的，她打说她的家人被困，“女儿”符合语境。故选D。22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：打的人恳求JoelBoyers来营救他们。A.ordered命令；B.attracted吸引；C.begged恳求；D.challenged挑战。根据上文“trappedontheirroofinWaverlybecauseoftherisingfloodwater”可知，他们被困在屋顶，因此是恳求JoelBoyers来营救他们。故选C。23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然意识到在如此恶劣条件下飞行的危险性，但是，他还是立即将求救者弟弟的地址输入。A.pack打包；B.fly飞翔；C.quit停止；D.swim游泳。根据上文“headinghomeintheirhelicopter(直升机)”可知，他们乘坐直升机回家，因此在如此恶劣条件下飞行是很危险的。故选B。24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然意识到在如此恶劣条件下飞行的危险性，但是，他还是立即将求救者弟弟的地址输入。A.immediately立即地；B.secretly秘密地；C.gradually逐渐地；D.creatively创造性地。根据上文“BoyerslookedwesttowardsWaverlyatthestormclouds.”可知，当时乌云密布，情况紧急，因此他立即将求救者弟弟的地址输入。故选A。25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然意识到在如此恶劣条件下飞行的危险性，但是，他还是立即将求救者的地址输入。A.card卡片；B.pocket口袋；C.puter电脑；D.phone。根据下文“Boyerscouldn’tusehisphonetolocatethe”可知，Boyers不能使用他的去定位，由此可知他将求救者弟弟的地址输入。故选D。26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久，他和Among就在空中，对他们即将在韦弗利看到的一切毫无准备。A.unprepared没有准备好；B.intended打算；C.relieved缓解；D.recognized认出。根据上文“Soon,heandAmongwereintheair”可知，他们很匆忙，还没有准备好会在韦弗利将会看到什么。故选A。27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：已到达营救地的上空，他们就发现下面的水流很急。A.peaceful和平的；B.rapid迅速的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.clean干净的。根据下文“Peoplewereholdingontoanythingthatdidn’tmove—roofs,trees.”可知，人们紧紧地抓住不能移动的任何东西，由此可知水流很急。故选B。28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：洪水也破坏了服务，这就意味着Boyers不能定位到他寻找的房子。A.revised复习，修正；B.delivered运送；C.damaged破坏；D.registered注册。根据下文“meaningBoyerscouldn’tusehisphonetolocatethe”可知，Boyers不能定位到他寻找的房子，因此洪水也破坏了服务。故选C。29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：洪水也破坏了服务，这就意味着Boyers不能定位到他寻找的房子。A.house房子；B.tree树；C.car小车；D.bridge桥。根据上文“weretrappedontheirroof”可知，他们被困在屋顶，因此Boyers寻找他们所在的房子。故选A。30．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当Boyers驾驶直升机时，Among开始搜寻屋顶和桥上的人。A.debatingwith争论；B.adaptingto适应；C.mentingon品论；D.searchingfor搜寻。根据上文“weretrappedontheirroof”可知，他们被困在屋顶，因此Boyers和Among在搜寻他们。故选D。31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：任何让Boyers着陆的地方，使求救者上来。A.land着陆；B.rise上升；C.jump跳；D.look看。根据下文“getthemonboard”可知，要让求救者上来，他必须找到着陆的地方。故选A。32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个青少年一只手抓着树干，另一只手抓住她救的小狗，两个都在水里挣扎。A.training训练；B.exploring探索；C.experimenting实验；D.struggling挣扎。根据上文“Theteenagerheldontoabranchwithonehandandtheotherheldadogshe’dsavedearlier”可知，被困洪水，两个在水里挣扎。故选D。33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：找不到着陆的地方，Boyers就降低直升机到水面线上。A.reserved预订，储备；B.lowered降低；C.followed紧跟；D.designed设计。根据下文“untilithovered(盘旋)justabovethewaterline”可知，由于找不到着陆的地方，他就降低直升机到水面线上。故选B。34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：获救的男子跳出来，游向树，帮助女孩和小狗进入到直升机里。A.home家；B.school；C.helicopter直升飞机；D.truck卡车。根据上文“thehelicopteruntilithovered(盘旋)justabovethewaterline”可知，他们是被直升机救了。故选C。35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管这个经历很冒险，但是Boyers觉得很快乐。A.plain朴素的；B.awkward尴尬的；C.adventurous冒险的；D.formal正式的。根据上文“Awareofthedangerto”可知，这是一次危险的救人经历。故选C。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。About400earthquakesoccureveryday,morethanahundredthousandayear.Therehavebeenmany____36____(terrible)destructiveearthquakes.Themostseriousofthese____37____(occur)inHuaCounty,ShaanxiProvincein1556,____38____affectedanareaof800squarekilometersineightprovinces.____39____total,830,000peoplelosttheirlives.Anotherexampleisthe1906CaliforniaEarthquake,theworstearthquakethathaseverhappenedintheUnitedStates.Itlastedonlyaminute.____40____,itcausedtheworstnaturaldisasterinthenation’shistory.Fires____41____(cause)bytheearthquakeburnedforthreedays,____42____(destroy)atotalof25,000buildings.About500people____43____(kill)inthecityofSanFranciscoand250,000weremade____44____(home).InthewholeofCalifornia,theearthquakeandfirescausedabout3,000____45____(die).【答案】36．terribly37．occurred38．which39．In40．However41．caused42．destroying43．werekilled44．homeless45．deaths【解析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了两次最严重的地震，1556年的陕西省华县地震和1906年的加利福尼亚地震。36．考查副词。句意：曾经发生过许多极具破坏性的地震。此处修饰形容词destructive，应用副词形式。故填terribly。37．考查一般过去时。句意：其中最严重的一次发生在1556年的陕西省华县，波及8个省，面积达800平方公里。此处是谓语动词，根据in1556可知，句子用一般过去时，故填occurred。38．考查定语从句。句意：其中最严重的一次发生在1556年的陕西省华县，波及8个省，面积达800平方公里。分析句子可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Themostseriousofthese，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导。故填which。39．考查介词。句意：总共有83万人丧生。intotal总计，固定短语，首字母应大写。故填In。40．考查副词。句意：然而，它造成了美国历史上最严重的自然灾害。上文“Itlastedonlyaminute.(它只持续了一分钟)”提到地震只持续了一分钟，与下文“它造成了美国历史上最严重的自然灾害”之间是转折关系，应用副词however，首字母应大写。故填However。41．考查过去分词。句意：地震引起的大火燃烧了3天，共摧毁了25000栋建筑。动词cause和fire之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填caused。42．考查现在分词。句意：地震引起的大火燃烧了3天，共摧毁了25000栋建筑。动词destroy的逻辑主语是前面整句话，两者之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作结果状语。故填destroying。43．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：旧金山市约有500人丧生，25万人无家可归。此处是讲述过去发生的事情，且主语people和动词kill之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语people表示复数意义，应用werekilled。44．考查形容词。句意：旧金山市约有500人丧生，25万人无家可归。此处应用形容词作主语补足语，homeless无家可归的，故填homeless。45．考查名词复数。句意：在整个加州，地震和火灾造成约3000人死亡。此处应用名词作宾语，death死亡，可数名词，由空前的3,000可知此处应用复数形式。故填deaths。第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节应用文写作(满分15分)假定你是李华，得知你的美国网友Bill的家乡发生山火，房屋被烧毁，他现在住在临时避难所。请你写一封邮件慰问他，内容要点如下：1.询问受灾情况，表示关心；2.鼓励他振作起来，重建家园。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：山火mountainfireDearBill,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________