【分级测试卷】Unit 5 Languages Around the World A卷·知识通关练（解析版）

必修Book1Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorldA卷·基础知识通关练一、词汇与短语I.重点词汇默写nativeadj.出生地的；本地的；土著的n．本地人attituden.态度；看法despiteprep.即使；尽管factorn.因素；要素meansn.方式；方法；途径charactern.文字；符号；角色；品质；特点classicadj.传统的；最优秀的；典型的n.经典作品；名著affairn.公共事务；事件；关系dialectn.地方话；方言strugglen．&vi.斗争；奋斗；搏斗gapn.间隔；开口；差距tonguen.舌头；语言vocabularyn.词汇apartmentn.公寓套房billionn.十亿bonen.骨头；骨(质)carvevt.&vi.雕刻shelln.壳；壳状物dynastyn.王朝；朝代calligraphyn.书法；书法艺术semestern.学期gasn.汽油；气体；燃气petroln.汽油subwayn.地铁pantsn．[pl.]内裤；短裤；裤子II.拓展词汇变形systemn．体系；制度；系统→systematicadj.系统的→systematicallyadv.系统地refervi.提到；参考；查阅vt.查询；叫……求助于→referencen.参考basevt.以……为据点；以……为基础n.底部；根据→basedadj.以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的→basicadj.基本的；基础的varietyn.(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化→varyvi.不同；变化→variousadj.不同的；各种各样的appreciatevt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会vi.增值→appreciationn.欣赏；感激；领会；重视regardn.尊重；关注vt.把……视为；看待→regardingprep.关于globaladj.全球的；全世界的→globallyadv.全球地；全世界地specificadj.特定的；明确的；具体的→specificallyadv.特定地；明确地；具体地majoradj.主要的；重要的；大的n.主修课程；主修学生vi.主修；专门研究→majorityn.多数；大多数relatevt.联系；讲述→relatedadj.相关的；有联系的→relationn.关系；联系symboln.符号；象征→symbolicadj.象征的；象征性的→symbolizevt.象征；是……的象征civilisationn.文明；文明世界→civilisedadj.文明的equaln.同等的人；相等物adj.相同的；同样的→eq\a\vs4\al(equally)adv.相同地；同样地→equalityn.平等demandn.要求；需求vt.强烈要求；需要vi.查问→demandingadj.要求高的；苛求的descriptionn.描写(文字)；形容→describevt.描述；描写relatevt.联系；讲述→relatedadj.相关的；有联系的→relationn.关系；联系III.核心短语互译attitudetowards/to对……的态度referto指的是；描述；提到；查阅payattentionto注意dateback(to...)追溯到upsanddowns浮沉；兴衰；荣辱beknownfor因……著名beseen/regardedas被看作beofgreatimportance至关重要playagreatrolein在……中起重要作用leadto导致pointofview观点；看法getusedto适应；习惯于relateto与……相关；涉及；谈到giveup放弃havetroublewithsth.做某事有困难dependon取决于；依靠；依赖match...with...用……搭配……officiallanguage官方语言beconnectedwith与……有关atthebeginning一开始developinto发展成为globalaffairs全球事务nomatterwhere,who,what,etc.不论……；不管……beconsideredtobe被认为是berelatedto与……有关fallinlovewith爱上fightfor为……努力fallsilent安静下来can'thelpbutdosth.只得做某事bridgethegap缩小差距keepsth.straightinone'smind记清楚某事giveadescriptionofsth.描述某物IV.根据汉语提示用本单元词汇的正确形式填空MyloveforChinesecan①datebackto(追溯到)mychildhoodwhenIvisitedanexhibitionaboutChineseeq\a\vs4\al(②civilisation)(文明)andChinesecalligraphy.SincethenIhavebeen③inlovewith(爱上)Chinese.To④appreciate(领会)Chineseculturemuchbetter,IamnowinChinastudyinginPekingUniversityandmy⑤major(专业)isChineseliterature.⑥Atthebeginningof(在……的开始)thefirstsemester,itwasreallya⑦struggle(难事)formetounderstandwhatthe⑧native(本地的)speakersofChinesesaid.However,Iwould⑨bynomeans(决不)giveupand⑩regard(看待)itasachancetoexplorethewriting⑪system(系统)．⑫Despite(尽管)thefactthatthereare⑬varietiesof(各种各样)dialectsand⑭symbols(符号)inChinese,Ihavebeen⑮struggling(努力)tolearnit.⑯Nomatterwhen(无论如何)Ieacrossanewcharacter,Ialways⑰referto(查阅)thedictionary.eq\a\vs4\al(⑱Nomatterwhere)(无论哪里)Igo,ItrytomunicatewiththelocalChinesepeopleand⑲relateto(谈到)them.Gradually,theharderIwork,thelargermy⑳vocabulary(词汇)willbeeandthemoreclassicworksIwillbeequaltoreading.Frommyeq\o(○,\s\up4(21))pointofview(观点),thoughtheremaybesomeeq\o(○,\s\up4(22))upsanddowns(浮沉)inlearningaforeignlanguage,oneneedstotakeapositiveeq\o(○,\s\up4(23))attitude(态度)toit.Besides,setaeq\o(○,\s\up4(24))specific(明确的)aimandworkhard,andonedayyouwillsurelymakeit.二、句式与篇章I.教材原句补全Therearemanyreasonswhythishasbeenpossible,butoneofthe＇mainfactorshasbeentheChinesewritingsystem.其存续的原因有很多，但主要因素之一是汉字的书写体系。ThatwritingsystemwasofgreatimportanceinunitingtheChinesepeopleandculture这一书写体系对于凝聚中华民族和中华文化具有重要意义。Eventoday,nomatterwhereChinesepeopleliveorwhatdialecttheyspeak,theycanallstillmunicateinwriting.即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写（文字）进行交流。ThemoreIlearntofalanguage,themoremybrainwouldgrow.我对一门语言了解得越多，我的大脑就发育得越好。Don'tyouliketohavesomebodytellyouifthepantslookgoodornot?你不喜欢让别人告诉你这些短裤是否好看吗？II.单句语法填空ThatyearJohnson(refer)totheearthquakeasthemostpowerfuldisasterinhistory.答案与解析referred句中时间状语是Thatyear，故谓语用一般过去时，填referred。referto...as...“把……称为……”。Theyhavemadeeveryefforttofindouta(system)waytodealwiththeproblem.答案与解析systematic设空在句中做定语，修饰名词way，应用形容词，表“系统的”，填systematic。With(refer)toyouradvertisement,I'mwritingtoacquiresomeinformation.答案与解析reference该处是固定短语withreferenceto“关于”。Themanyouarereferringto(be)amanwithgreatdeterminationandwisdom.答案与解析is分析句子结构可知youarereferringto是定语从句，修饰主语Theman,故设空在句中做谓语，从句谓语是现在进行时，故主句谓语用一般现在时，填is。Greatattentionmustbepaidto(stay)calminanemergency.答案与解析stayingpayattentiontodoingsth.“注意做某事”，to是介词，其后接名词、代词或动名词。Therearea(vary)ofbooksinthebookstoreforustochoosefrom,likehistorybooks,sciencebooks,literarybooksandsoon.答案与解析variety设空前是冠词a,设空后是介词of,故该空填vary的名词形式，构成短语avarietyof“各种各样的”。Iampleasedwithyourwork.Thiscardistoshowmy(appreciate)andrespect.答案与解析appreciation设空在句中做show的宾语，且设空前是形容词性物主代词my，填名词appreciation。I(specific)toldyounottogonearthewater!答案与解析specifically设空在句中做状语，修饰谓语told,应用副词，表“明确地；具体地”，填specifically。Moreattentionshouldbepaidtothose(globe)events.答案与解析global设空在句中做定语，修饰名词events,应用形容词，填global。Calligraphy(regard)asanartform,andIreallyenjoyit.答案与解析isregarded主语Calligraphy与regard是被动关系，应用被动语态，且“书法被看作是一种艺术形式”是客观事实，故用一般现在时的被动语态，填isregarded。(base)onatruestory,thebookhascaughtmuchattention.答案与解析Basedbebasedon“以……为根据”，在句中做状语，应用过去分词形式，填Based。Theancientbuilding(date)backtotheTangDynastyisreallyamazing.答案与解析datingdatebackto“追溯到”，是不及物动词短语，在句中做定语，应用现在分词形式，填dating。Insomecountries,thecolorwhite(symbol)purity(纯洁)．答案与解析symbolises设空在句中做谓语，应填动词，结合语境“白色象征纯洁”，主语为thecolorwhite，故谓语用第三人称单数形式，填symbolises。Theoutingseemstobeimpossiblebecausethemajorityofthestudents(be)againstit.答案与解析are主句谓语是一般现在时，故because引导的从句也用一般现在时，“themajorityof＋名词”做主语，谓语与名词的数一致，故填are。Everypossiblemeans(try)sofar,andwefindonlythismeansisitpossibletopersuadehim.答案与解析hasbeentried;bymeans是单复数同形的名词，其前有every修饰，谓语应用单数形式；句中时间状语是sofar，故谓语用现在完成时；主语means与try是被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态，第一空填hasbeentried。第二空是固定短语bythismeans“用这种方式”。Several(factor)haveledtothedisasterthathappenedinthesmallvillage.答案与解析factors设空前是Several，故可数名词factor应用复数形式。Anyone,whetherheisanofficialorabusdriver,shouldbe(equal)respected.答案与解析equally设空在句中做状语，修饰动词respected，应用副词，填equally。Thesceneryoftheancienttownisreallybeyond(describe)．答案与解析description设空在句中做介词beyond的宾语，应用名词，构成短语beyonddescription“无法描述”。Thejobisreally(demand),buthemanagestodoitwell.答案与解析demanding设空在句中做表语，表“要求高的”，填形容词demanding。She(struggle)tosupportalargefamilyonherownlastyear.答案与解析struggled句中时间状语是lastyear，故谓语用一般过去时，填struggled。Nomatterwherehegoes,hewillbuybookswhichare(relate)tocalligraphy.答案与解析relatedberelatedto“与……有关”。Iamnotfondofpopmusic,becauseIoftenhavetrouble(understand)thewords.答案与解析understandinghavetrouble(in)doingsth.“做某事有麻烦或困难”。Ourmanagerwasverybusyanddidn'tfeelequalto(receive)visitors.答案与解析receivingbeequaltodoingsth.“胜任做某事”，to是介词，其后接名词、代词或动名词，故填receiving。Thepolicemandemandedofus(tell)himeverythingabouttheaccident.答案与解析totelldemandofsb.todosth.“要求某人做某事”。Thecloseryouare,the(much)youwillsee.答案与解析more设空所在句是“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”结构，表“越……越……”，故该处填much的比较级more。Doyoumind(share)yourpointsofviewwithme?答案与解析sharingminddoingsth.“介意做某事”。Ican'thelpbut(finish)thebookbasedonatruestory.答案与解析finishcan'thelpbutdosth.“只得做某事”。Asyougetolder,yourattitudedeathchanges.答案与解析to/towardsattitudeto/towards“对……的态度”。ThesurvivorwholivesintheshelterisanativeSichuan.答案与解析ofanativeof“……的本地人”。ThereasonhefoundGermansodifficultisthatitsgrammarissoconfusing.答案与解析why该句是定语从句，先行词是Thereason,指物，从句中缺少原因状语，应用关系副词why引导定语从句。Hiseffortshaveplayedimportantroleinthesuccessoftheproject.答案与解析anplayanimportantrolein“在……中起重要作用”。Signlanguageisgreatimportancetopeoplewhoaredeaf.答案与解析ofbeofgreatimportance“至关重要”。ItwasatimeIcouldhardlyunderstandwhatthenativespeakerssaid.答案与解析when该句是定语从句，先行词是time，指时间，从句中缺少时间状语，应用关系副词when引导定语从句。Inspiteofupsdowns,sheneverlosesheart.答案与解析andupsanddowns“盛衰沉浮”。Theteacherwillputforwardavarietyofquestions,dependingyourdifferentanswers.答案与解析on/upondependon/upon“取决于”。IlovetechnologyandtrytokeepupwithitsoIcanrelatemystudents.答案与解析to根据语境“我热爱技术并试图跟上技术的发展，以便我可以理解学生的想法”可知，此处是动词短语relateto“理解；认同”，故填to。III.句式升级为了解快这个医疗问题，所有可能的方法都尝试了。①Everypossiblemeanshasbeenusedtosolvethemedicalproblem.②Allthepossiblemeanshavebeenusedtosolvethemedicalproblem.这本词典对生很有用。①Thisdictionaryisofgreatusetomiddleschoolstudents.(of+n.）②Thisdictionaryisveryusefultomiddleschoolstudents.(useful)图书管理员要求他把从图书馆借的书还回来，①Thelibrariandemandedthathe(should)returnthebookshehadborrowedfromthelibrary.②Thelibrariandemandedofhimtoreturnthebookshehadborrowedfromthelibrary.在我看来，通过这些活动，你可以更好地了解春节。①Frommypointofview，youcanhaveabetterunderstandingoftheSpringFestivalthroughtheactivities.(point)②Inmyview/opinion，youcanhaveabetterunderstandingoftheSpringFestivalthroughtheactivities.(view/opinion)③AsfarasI'mconcerned，youcanhaveabetterunderstandingoftheSpringFestivalthroughtheactivities.(concerned)Thefilmisbasedonatruestory,anditisverypopular.→Basedonatruestory，thefilmisverypopular.(分词短语作状语)Accordingtotheexpert,thebuildinghasahistorywhichdatesfrom/backtotheearlyTangDynasty.→Accordingtotheexpert,thebuildinghasahistorydatingfrom/backtotheearlyTangDynasty.·(分词短语作定语)IV.课文缩写填空TheChinesewritingsystemisoneoftheeq\a\vs4\al(1)(factor)thathavehelpedtheChineselanguageandculturesurvivedespitemanyupseq\a\vs4\al(2)downs.Atthebeginning,writtenChinesewasapicture­basedlanguage,eq\a\vs4\al(3)(date)backtotheuseoflonggu—animalbonesandshellsoneq\a\vs4\al(4)symbolswerecarvedbyancientChinesepeople.BytheShangDynasty,thesesymbolseq\a\vs4\al(5)(bee)awell­developedwritingsystem.Overtheyears,thesystemdevelopedintodifferentforms,asitwasatimewhenpeopleweredividedgeographically,leadingtomanyeq\a\vs4\al(6)(vary)ofdialectsandcharacters.However,afterEmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountry,theChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.Thatwritingsystemwasofgreateq\a\vs4\al(7)(important)inunitingtheChinesepeopleandculture.eq\a\vs4\al(8)meansofwrittenChinese,Chinesepeopletodayareconnectedwiththoseofthepast.TheChinesewritingsystemissoimportantthatChinesecalligraphyeq\a\vs4\al(9)(regard)asanimportantpartofChineseculture.Today,asChinaplaysagreaterroleineq\a\vs4\al(10)(globe)affairs,anincreasingnumberofinternationalstudentsarebeginningtoappreciateChina'scultureandhistorythroughChinese.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.答案1.factors2.and3.dating4.which5.hadbee6.varieties7.importance8.By9.isregarded10.global三、单元语法小练Ⅰ.单句语法填空Thereasonforwhichshechangedhermindisquiteclear.Thedayswhentheytravelledtogethermeantalottohim.Thehotelinwhichwestayedwasveryclean.Thehousewherehelived10yearsagohasbeenpulleddown.Nobodyknowsthereasonforwhichshedidn'tattendthemeeting.I'llneverforgetthetimewhenwevisitedXi'an.Ididn'tgetapayrise,butthiswasn'tthereasonwhyIleft.Wevisitedthecarfactorywheremyuncleonceworkedthreeyearsago.Thisisthefactorythat/whichIvisitedlastyear.Thetrainwhich/thathasjustleftisforShanghai.Ⅱ.对比填空(每空一词)①Thisisthefactorywherethemostexpensivecarsaremade.②Isthisthefactorythat/whichmakeslaptopputers?①TheoldcouplewillneverforgetthedayswhentheyhadasummercampinAustralia.②Thevo