复习vclt中英版鉴于条约在国际关系历之基本地位

ViennaConventionontheLawofTreatiesTheStatesPartiestothepresentConsideringthefundamentalroleoftreatiesinthehistoryofinternational鉴于条国际关系历史上之基本地位Recognizingtheever-increasingimportanceoftreatiesasasourceofinternationallawandasameansofdevelopeacefulcooperationamongnations,whatevertheirconstitutionalandsocialsystems,承认条约为国际法渊源之一，且为各国间不分及社会制度发展和平合作之工具，其重要性日益增加，Notingthattheprinciplesof consentandofgoodfaithandthepactasuntservandaruleareuniversallyAffirmingthatdisputesconcerningtreaties,likeotherinternationaldisputes,shouldbesettledbypeacefulmeansandinconformitywiththeprinciplesofjusticeandinternationallaw,RecallingthedeterminationofthepeoplesoftheUnitedNationstoestablishconditionsunderwhichjusticeandrespectfortheobligationsarisingfromtreatiescanbemaintained,念及人民同兹决心创造适当环境维持正义及尊重由条约而起之义务HavinginmindtheprinciplesofinternationallawembodiedintheCharteroftheUnitedNations,suchastheprinciplesoftheequalrightsandself-determinationofpeoples,ofthesovereignequalityandindependenceofallStates,ofnon-interferenceinthedomesticaffairsofStates,oftheprohibitionofthethreatoruseof andofuniversalrespectfor,andobservanceof,humanrightsandfundamentaldomsforall,鉴及所载之国际法原则，诸如人民权利及，所有国家主权及独立，不各国内政，使用或以及普遍尊重与遵守全体人类之及基本自由等原则。BelievingthatthecodificationandprogressivedevelopmentofthelawoftreatiesachievedinthepresentConventionwillpromotethepurposesoftheUnitedNationssetforthintheCharter,namely,themaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecurity,thedevelopmentoffriendlyrelationsandtheachievementofcooperationamong深信本公约所达成之条约法之编纂及逐渐发展可促进所揭示之，即维际和平与安全，AffirmingthattherulesofcustomaryinternationallawwillcontinuetoernquestionsnotregulatedbytheprovisionsofthepresentConvention,确认 本公约各条规定之问题，将仍以国际习惯则为准Haveagreedas第一 导Article1Scopeofthepresent第一 本公约之范ThepresentConventionappliestotreatiesbetweenArticle2Useof第二 用Forthepurposesofthepresent“treaty”meansaninternationalagreementconcludedbetweenStatesinwrittenformandernedbyinternationallaw,whetherembodiedinasingleinstrumentorintwoormorerelatedinstrumentsandwhateveritsparticulardesignation;“ratification”,“acceptance”,“approval”and“accession”meanineachcasetheinternationalactsonamedwherebyaStateestablishesontheinternationalneitsconsenttobeboundbyatreaty; “fullpowers”meansa emanatingfromthecompetentauthorityofaStatedesignatinga storepresenttheStatefornegotiating,adoptingorauthenticatingthetextofatreaty,forexpressingconsentoftheStatetobeboundbyatreaty,or plishinganyotheractwithrespecttoa“reservation”meansaunilalstatement,howeverphrasedornamed,madebyaState,whensigning,ratifying,accepting,approvingoraccedingtoatreaty,wherebyitpurportstoexcludeortomodifythelegaleffectofcertainprovisionsofthetreatyintheirapplicationtothatState;（丁）称‘保留’者，谓一国于签署，批准、接受、赞同条约时所做之片面，不论措辞或名称“negotiatingState”meansaStatewhichtookpartinthedrawingupandadoptionofthetextofthe（戊）“contractingState”meansaStatewhichhasconsentedtobeboundbythetreaty,whetherornotthetreatyhasenteredinto;（己）称‘缔约国’者，谓条约已未生效，同意受条约拘束之国家“party”meansaStatewhichhasconsentedtobeboundbythetreatyandforwhichthetreatyis （庚）“thirdState”meansaStatenotapartytothe（辛）“internationalorganization”meansan ernmental（壬）称‘国际组织’者，谓间之组织Theprovisionsofparagraph1regardingtheuseoftermsinthepresentConventionarewithoutprejudicetotheuseofthosetermsortothemeaningswhichmaybegiventothemintheinternallawofanyState.Article3Internationalagreementsnotwithinthescopeofthepresent第三 不属本公约范围之国际协ThefactthatthepresentConventiondoesnotapplytointernationalagreementsconcludedbetweenStatesandothersubjectsofinternationallaworbetweensuchothersubjectsofinternationallaw,ortointernationalagreementsnotinwrittenform,shallnotaffect:本公约不适用于国家与其他国际法主体间所缔结之国际协定或此种其他国际法主体间之国际协定或非书面国际协定，此一事实并不影响：thelegalofsuch（甲）theapplicationtothemofanyoftherulessetforthinthepresentConventiontowhichtheywouldbesubjectunderinternationallawindependentlyoftheConvention;（乙theapplicationoftheConventiontotherelationsofStatesasbetweenthemselvesunderinternationalagreementstowhichothersubjectsofinternationallawarealsoparties.（丙）Article4Non-retroactivityofthepresent第四 本公约不溯既WithoutprejudicetotheapplicationofanyrulessetforthinthepresentConventiontowhichtreatieswouldbesubjectunderinternationallawindependentlyoftheConvention,theConventionappliesonlytotreatieswhichareconcludedbyStatesaftertheentryintoofthepresentConventionwithregardtosuchStates.Article5Treatiesconstitutinginternationalorganizationsandtreatiesadoptedwithinaninternational第五 组成国际组织之条约及在一国际组织内议定之条ThepresentConventionappliestoanytreatywhichistheconstituentinstrumentofaninternationalorganizationandtoanytreatyadoptedwithinaninternationalorganizationwithoutprejudicetoanyrelevantrulesofthe OF第二 条约之缔结及生SECTION1.CONCLUSIONOF第一 条约之缔Article6CapacityofStatestoconclude第六 国家缔结条约之能EveryStatepossessescapacitytoconcludeArticle7Full第七 全权1.A isconsideredasrepresentingaStateforthepurposeofadoptingorauthenticatingthetextofatreatyorforthepurposeofexpressingtheconsentoftheStatetobeboundbyatreatyif:一、任一人员下列情况之一，视为代表一国议定或认证条约约文或表示该国承受条约拘束之同意heproducesappropriatefullpowers;（甲）出具适当之全权；itappearsfromthepracticeoftheStatesconcernedorfromothercircumstancesthattheirintentionwastoconsiderthat asrepresentingtheStateforsuchpurposesandtodispensewithfullpowers.全权。Invirtueoftheirfunctionsandwithouthavingtoproducefullpowers,thefollowingareconsideredasrepresentingtheirState:二、下列人员由于所任职务毋须出具全权，视为代表其国家HeadsofState,Heads ernmentandMinistersforForeignAffairs,forthepurposeofperformingactsrelatingtotheconclusionofa（甲）国家元首，及部长，为实施关于缔结条约之一切行为headsofdiplomaticmissions,forthepurposeofadoptingthetextofatreatybetweentheaccreditingStateandtheStatetowhichtheyareaccredited;（乙）representativesaccreditedbyStatestoaninternationalconferenceortoaninternationalorganizationoroneofitsorgans,forthepurposeofadoptingthetextofatreatyinthatconference,organizationororgan.Article8Subsequentconfirmationofanactperformedwithout第八 所实施行为之事后确Anactrelatingtotheconclusionofatreatyperformedbya whocannotbeconsideredunderarticle7asauthorizedtorepresentaStateforthatpurposeiswithoutlegaleffectunlessafterwardsconfirmedbythatState.Article9Adoptionofthe第九 约文之议TheadoptionofthetextofatreatytakescebytheconsentofalltheStatesparticipatinginitsdrawingupexceptasprovidedinparagraph2.TheadoptionofthetextofatreatyataninternationalconferencetakescebythevoteoftwothirdsoftheStatespresentandvoting,unlessbythesamemajoritytheyshalldecidetoapplyadifferentrule.Article10Authenticationofthe第十 约文之认Thetextofatreatyisestablishedasauthenticand条约约下列方法确定为作准定本bysuchprocedureasmaybeprovidedforinthetextoragreeduponbytheStatesparticipatinginitsdrawingup;or（甲）failingsuchprocedure,bythesignature,signatureadreferendumorinitiallingbytherepresentativesofthoseStatesofthetextofthetreatyoroftheFinalActofaconferenceincorporatingthetext.Article11Meansofexpressingconsenttobeboundbya第十一 TheconsentofaStatetobeboundbyatreatymaybeexpressedbysignature,exchangeofinstrumentsconstitutingatreaty,ratification,acceptance,approvaloraccession,orbyanyothermeansifsoagreed.Article12Consenttobeboundbyatreatyexpressedby第十二 TheconsentofaStatetobeboundbyatreatyisexpressedbythesignatureofitsrepresentativethetreatyprovidesthatsignatureshallhavethat（甲）itisotherwiseestablishedthatthenegotiatingStateswereagreedthatsignatureshouldhavethateffect;（乙）theintentionoftheStatetogivethateffecttothesignatureappearsfromthefullpowersofitsrepresentativeorwasexpressedduringthenegotiation.（丙）该国使签署有此效果之意思可见诸其代表所奉全权或已于谈判时有些表示ForthepurposesofparagraphtheinitiallingofatextconstitutesasignatureofthetreatywhenitisestablishedthatthenegotiatingStatessoagreed;（甲）thesignatureadreferendumofatreatybyarepresentative,ifconfirmedbyhisState,constitutesafullsignatureofthetreaty.（乙）Article13Consenttobeboundbyatreatyexpressedbyanexchangeofinstrumentsconstitutinga第十三 TheconsentofStatestobeboundbyatreatyconstitutedbyinstrumentsexchangedbetweenthemisexpressedbythatexchangewhen:theinstrumentsprovidethattheirexchangeshallhavethateffect;（甲）itisotherwiseestablishedthatthoseStateswereagreedthattheexchangeofinstrumentsshouldhavethat（乙）Article14Consenttobeboundbyatreatyexpressedbyratification,acceptanceor第十四 TheconsentofaStatetobeboundbyatreatyisexpressedbyratificationthetreatyprovidesforsuchconsenttobeexpressedbymeansof（甲）itisotherwiseestablishedthatthenegotiatingStateswereagreedthatratificationshouldbe（乙）therepresentativeoftheStatehassignedthetreatysubjecttoratification;（丙）theintentionoftheStatetosignthetreatysubjecttoratificationappearsfromthefullpowersofitsrepresentativeorwasexpressedduringthenegotiation.（丁）该国对条约作须经批准之签署之意思可见诸其代表所奉之全权，或已于谈判时有此表示TheconsentofaStatetobeboundbyatreatyisexpressedbyacceptanceorapprovalunderconditionssimilartothosewhichapplytoratification.Article15Consenttobeboundbyatreatyexpressedby第十五 TheconsentofaStatetobeboundbyatreatyisexpressedbyaccessionthetreatyprovidesthatsuchconsentmaybeexpressedbythatStatebymeansof（甲）itisotherwiseestablishedthatthenegotiatingStateswereagreedthatsuchconsentmaybeexpressedbythatStatebymeansofaccession;or（乙）allthepartieshavesubsequentlyagreedthatsuchconsentmaybeexpressedbythatStatebymeansof（丙）Article16Exchangeordepositofinstrumentsofratification,acceptance,approvalor第十六 批准书、接受书、赞同书书之交换或交Unlessthetreatyotherwiseprovides,instrumentsofratification,acceptance,approvaloraccessionestablishtheconsentofaStatetobeboundbyatreatyupon:除条约另有规定外，批准书、接受书、赞同书书依下列方式确定一国承受条约拘束之同意theirexchangebetweenthecontracting（甲）theirdepositwiththedepositary;（乙）theirnotificationtothecontractingStatesortothedepositary,ifso（丙）Article17Consenttobeboundbypartofatreatyandchoiceofdiffering第十七 Withoutprejudicetoarticles19to23,theconsentofaStatetobeboundbypartofatreatyiseffectiveonlyifthetreatysopermitsortheothercontractingStatessoagree.TheconsentofaStatetobeboundbyatreatywhichpermitsachoicebetweendifferingprovisionsiseffectiveonlyifitismadecleartowhichoftheprovisionstheconsentrelates.二、一国同意承受选择不同规定之条约之拘束，仅于指明其所同意之规定时有效Article18Obligationnottodefeattheobjectandpurposeofatreatypriortoitsentryinto第十八 不得在条约生效前妨碍其目的及之义AStateisobligedtorefrainfromactswhichwoulddefeattheobjectandpurposeofatreaty一国负有义务不得采取任何足以妨碍条约目的及之行动ithassignedthetreatyorhasexchangedinstrumentsconstitutingthetreatysubjecttoratification,acceptanceorapproval,untilitshallhavemadeitsintentionclearnotto eapartytothetreaty;orithasexpresseditsconsenttobeboundbythetreaty,pendingtheentryintoofthetreatyandprovidedsuchentry isnotunduly（乙）SECTION2.第二 保Article19Formulationof第十九 提具保AStatemay,whensigning,ratifying,accepting,approvingoraccedingtoatreaty,formulateareservation一国得于签署、批准、接受、赞同条约时，提具保留，但有下列情形之一者不在此限thereservationisprohibitedbythe（甲）该项保留为条约所者thetreatyprovidesthatonlyspecifiedreservations,whichdonotincludethereservationinquestion,maybemade;or（乙）incasesnotfailingundersubparagraphs(a)and(b),thereservationis patiblewiththeobjectandpurposeofthetreaty.（丙）凡不属（甲）及（乙）两款所称之情形，该项保留与条约目的及不合者Article20Acceptanceofandobjectionto第二十 接受及保AreservationexpresslyauthorizedbyatreatydoesnotrequireanysubsequentacceptancebytheothercontractingStatesunlessthetreatysoprovides.WhenitappearsfromthelimitednumberofthenegotiatingStatesandtheobjectandpurposeofatreatythattheapplicationofthetreatyinitsentiretybetweenallthepartiesisanessentialconditionoftheconsentofeachonetobeboundbythetreaty,areservationrequiresacceptancebyalltheparties.二、倘自谈判国之有限数目及条约之目的与，可见在全体当事国间适用全部条约为每一当事国同意承Whenatreatyisaconstituentinstrumentofaninternationalorganizationandunlessitotherwiseprovides,areservationrequirestheacceptanceofthecompetentorganofthatorganization.IncasesnotfallingundertheprecedingparagraphsandunlessthetreatyotherwiseacceptancebyanothercontractingStateofareservationconstitutesthereservingStateapartytothetreatyinrelationtothatotherStateiforwhenthetreatyisinforthoseStates;anobjectionbyanothercontractingStatetoareservationdoesnotprecludetheentryintoofthetreatyasbetweentheobjectingandreservingStatesunlessacontraryintentionisdefiniyexpressedbytheobjectinganactexpressingaState’sconsenttobeboundbythetreatyandcontainingareservationiseffectiveassoonasatleastoneothercontractingStatehasacceptedthereservation.（丙）Forthepurposesofparagraphs2and4andunlessthetreatyotherwiseprovides,areservationisconsideredhavebeenacceptedbyaStateifitshallhaveraisednoobjectiontothereservationbytheendofaperiodoftwelvemonthsafteritwasnotifiedofthereservationorbythedateonwhichitexpresseditsconsenttobeboundbythetreaty,whicheverislater.Article21Legalelectsofreservationsandofobjectionsto 保留及对保留提出之之法律效Areservationestablishedwithregardtoanotherpartyinaccordancewitharticles19,20andmodifiesforthereservingStateinitsrelationswiththatotherpartytheprovisionsofthetreatytowhichthereservationrelatestotheextentofthereservation;and（甲）modifiesthoseprovisionstothesameextentforthatotherpartyinitsrelationswiththereserving（乙）ThereservationdoesnotmodifytheprovisionsofthetreatyfortheotherpartiestothetreatyinterWhenaStateobjectingtoareservationhasnotopposedtheentryintoofthetreatybetweenitselfandthereservingState,theprovisionstowhichthereservationrelatesdonotapplyasbetweenthetwoStatestotheextentofthereservation.三、倘保留之国家未条其本国与保留国间生效，此项保留所关涉之规定在保留之范围内于Article22Withdrawalofreservationsandofobjectionsto第二十二 Unlessthetreatyotherwiseprovides,areservationmaybewithdrawnatanytimeandtheconsentofaStatewhichhasacceptedthereservationisnotrequiredforitswithdrawal.Unlessthetreatyotherwiseprovides,anobjectiontoareservationmaybewithdrawnatany二、除条约另有规定外，对保留提出之得随时撤回Unlessthetreatyotherwiseprovides,oritisotherwisethewithdrawalofareservation esoperativeinrelationtoanothercontractingStateonlywhennoticeofithasbeenreceivedbythatState;（甲）thewithdrawalofanobjectiontoareservation esoperativeonlywhennoticeofithasbeenreceivedbytheStatewhichformulatedthereservation.（乙）对保留提出之之撤回，自提出保留之国家收到撤回之通知时起方始发生效力Article23Procedureregarding Areservation,anexpressacceptanceofareservationandanobjectiontoareservationmustbeformulatedinwritingandcommunicatedtothecontractingStatesandotherStatesentitledto epartiestothetreaty.一保留明示接受保留及保留均必须以提具并致送缔约国及有权成为条约当事国之其他国家Ifformulatedwhensigningthetreatysubjecttoratification,acceptanceorapproval,areservationmustformallyconfirmedbythereservingStatewhenexpressingitsconsenttobeboundbythetreaty.Insuchacasethereservationshallbeconsideredashavingbeenmadeonthedateofitsconfirmation.Anexpressacceptanceof,oranobjectionto,areservationmadepreviouslytoconfirmationofthereservationdoesnotitselfrequireconfirmation.三、明示接受保留或保留系在确认保留前提出者，其本身无须经过确认Thewithdrawalofareservationorofanobjectiontoareservationmustbeformulatedin四、撤回保留或撤回对保留提出之，必须以为之SECTION3.ENTRY 第三 条约之生效及暂时适Article24Entry 生Atreatyentersinto insuchmanneranduponsuchdateasitmayprovideorasthenegotiatingStatesmayFailinganysuchprovisionoragreement,atreatyentersinto assoonasconsenttobeboundbythetreatyhasbeenestablishedforallthenegotiatingStates.WhentheconsentofaStatetobeboundbyatreatyisestablishedonadateafterthetreatyhascomeinto thetreatyentersinto forthatStateonthatdate,unlessthetreatyotherwiseprovides.Theprovisionsofatreatyregulatingtheauthenticationofitstext,theestablishmentoftheconsentofStatestobeboundbythetreaty,themannerordateofitsentryinto reservations,thefunctionsofthedepositaryandothermattersarisingnecessarilybeforetheentryinto ofthetreatyapplyfromthetimeoftheadoptionofitstext.Article25Provisional第二十五 暂时适Atreatyorapartofatreatyisappliedprovisionallypendingitsentry thetreatyitselfsoprovides;（甲）thenegotiatingStateshaveinsomeothermannerso（乙）UnlessthetreatyotherwiseprovidesorthenegotiatingStateshaveotherwiseagreed,theprovisionalapplicationofatreatyorapartofatreatywithrespecttoaStateshallbeterminatedifthatStatenotifiestheotherStatesbetweenwhichthetreatyisbeingappliedprovisionallyofitsintentionnotto eapartytothetreaty.第三 第一 条约之遵Article26“Pactasunt Everytreaty isbindinguponthepartiestoitandmustbeperformedbythemingoodArticle27Internallawandobservanceof Apartymaynotinvoketheprovisionsofitsinternallawasjustificationforitsfailuretoperformatreaty.Thisruleiswithoutprejudicetoarticle46.一当事国不得援引其国内定为理由而不履行条约。此项规则不妨碍第四十六条第二 条约之适Article28Non-retroactivityof Unlessadifferentintentionappearsfromthetreatyorisotherwiseestablished,itsprovisionsdonotbindapartyinrelationtoanyactorfactwhichtookceoranysituationwhichceasedtoexistbeforethedateoftheentryofthetreatywithrespecttothatArticle29Territorialscopeof第二十九 条约之范Unlessadifferentintentionappearsfromthetreatyorisotherwiseestablished,atreatyisbindinguponeachpartyinrespectofitsentireterritory.除条约表示不同意思，或另经确定外，条约对每一当事国之拘束力及于其全部Article30Applicationofsuccessivetreatiesrelatingtothesamesubject第三十 SubjecttoArticle103oftheCharteroftheUnitedNations,therightsandobligationsofStatesPartiestosuccessivetreatiesrelatingtothesamesubjectmattershallbedeterminedinaccordancewiththefollowingWhenatreatyspecifiesthatitissubjectto,orthatitisnottobeconsideredas patiblewith,anearlierorlatertreaty,theprovisionsofthatothertreatyprevail.Whenallthepartiestotheearliertreatyarepartiesalsotothelatertreatybuttheearliertreatyisnotterminatedorsuspendedinoperationunderarticle59,theearliertreatyappliesonlytotheextentthatitsprovisionsarecompatiblewiththoseofthelatertreaty.WhenthepartiestothelatertreatydonotincludeallthepartiestotheearlierasbetweenStatesPartiestobothtreatiesthesameruleappliesasinparagraph（甲）asbetweenaStatepartytobothtreatiesandaStatepartytoonlyoneofthetreaties,thetreatytowhichbothStatesarepartiesernstheirmutualrightsandobligations.Paragraph4iswithoutprejudicetoarticle41,ortoanyquestionoftheterminationorsuspensionoftheoperationofatreatyunderarticle60ortoanyquestionofresponsibilitywhichmayariseforaStatefromtheconclusionorapplicationofatreatytheprovisionsofwhichare patiblewithitsobligationstowardsanotherStateunderanothertreaty.第二 条约之解Article31Generalruleof第三十一 Atreatyshallbeinterpretedingoodfaithinaccordancewiththeordinarymeaningtobegiventothetermsofthetreatyintheircontextandinthelightofitsobjectandpurpose.一、条约应依其用语按其上下文并参照条约之目的及所具有之通常意义，善意解释之Thecontextforthepurposeoftheinterpretationofatreatyshallcomprise,inadditiontothetext,includingitspreambleandannexes:anyagreementrelatingtothetreatywhichwasmadebetweenallthepartiesinconnectionwiththeconclusionofthetreaty;（甲）anyinstrumentwhichwasmadebyoneormorepartiesinconnectionwiththeconclusionofthetreatyandacceptedbytheotherpartiesasaninstrumentrelatedtothetreaty.（乙）Thereshallbetakenintoaccount,togetherwiththeanysubsequentagreementbetweenthepartiesregardingtheinterpretationofthetreatyortheapplicationofitsprovisions;（甲）anysubsequentpracticeintheapplicationofthetreatywhichestablishestheagreementofthepartiesregardingitsinterpretation;（乙）anyrelevantrulesofinternationallawapplicableintherelationsbetweenthe（丙）适用于当事国间关系之任何有关国际则AspecialmeaningshallbegiventoatermifitisestablishedthatthepartiessoArticle32Supplementarymeansof第三十二 Recoursemaybehadtosupplementarymeansofinterpretation,includingthepreparatoryworkofthetreatyandthecircumstancesofitsconclusion,inordertoconfirmthemeaningresultingfromtheapplicationofarticle31,ortodeterminethemeaningwhentheinterpretationaccordingtoarticle31:leavesthemeaningambiguousorobscure;leadstoaresultwhichismanifestlyabsurdorArticle33Interpretationoftreatiesauthenticatedintwoormore第三十三 Whenatreatyhasbeenauthenticatedintwoormorelanguages,thetextisequallyauthoritativeineachlanguage,unlessthetreatyprovidesorthepartiesagreethat,incaseofdivergence,aparticulartextshallprevail.Aversionofthetreatyinalanguageotherthanoneofthoseinwhichthetextwasauthenticatedshallbeconsideredanauthentictextonlyifthetreatysoprovidesorthepartiessoagree.ThetermsofthetreatyarepresumedtohavethesamemeaningineachauthenticExceptwhereaparticulartextprevailsinaccordancewithparagraph1,whenacomparisonoftheauthentictextsdisclosesadifferenceofmeaningwhichtheapplicationofarticles31and32doesnotremove,themeaningwhichbestreconcilesthetexts,havingregardtotheobjectandpurposeofthetreaty,shallbeadopted.第三十二条所能消除时，应采用顾及条约目的及之最能调和各约文之意义。SECTION4.TREATIESANDTHIRD第四 条约与第三Article34Generalruleregardingthird第三十四 AtreatydoesnotcreateeitherobligationsorrightsforathirdStatewithoutitsArticle35Treatiesprovidingforobligationsforthird AnobligationarisesforathirdStatefromaprovisionofatreatyifthepartiestothetreatyintendtheprovisiontobethemeansofestablishingtheobligationandthethirdStateexpresslyacceptsthatobligationinwriting.如条约当事国有意以条约之一项规定作为确立一项义务之方法，且该项义务经一第三国以明示接受，Article36Treatiesprovidingforrightsforthird ArightarisesforathirdStatefromaprovisionofatreatyifthepartiestothetreatyintendtheprovisiontoaccordthatrighteithertothethirdState,ortoagroupofStatestowhichitbelongs,ortoallStates,andthethirdStateassentsthereto.Itsassentshallbepresumedsolongasthecontraryisnotindicated,unlessthetreatyotherwiseAStateexercisingarightinaccordancewithparagraph1shallcomplywiththeconditionsforitsexerciseprovidedforinthetreatyorestablishedinconformitywiththetreaty.Article37Revocationormodificationofobligationsorrightsofthird WhenanobligationhasarisenforathirdStateinconformitywitharticle35,theobligationmayberevokedormodifiedonlywiththeconsentofthepartiestothetreatyandofthethirdState,unlessitisestablishedthattheyhadotherwiseagreed.WhenarighthasarisenforathirdStateinconformitywitharticle36,therightmaynotberevokedormodifiedbythepartiesifitisestablishedthattherightwasintendednottoberevocableorsubjecttomodificationwithouttheconsentofthethirdState.Article38Rulesina ingbindingonthirdStatesthroughinternational第三十八 Nothinginarticles34to37precludesarulesetforthinatreatyfrom ingbindinguponathirdStateasacustomaryruleofinternationallaw,recognizedassuch.第四 Article39Generalruleregardingtheamendmentof第三十九 Atreatymaybeamendedbyagreementbetweentheparties.TheruleslaiddowninPartIIapplytosuchanagreementexceptinsofarasthetreatymayotherwiseprovide.Article40Amendmentof l第四十 Unlessthetreatyotherwiseprovides,theamendmentofmultilaltreatiesshallbeernedbythefollowingAnyproposaltoamendamultilaltreatyasbetweenallthepartiesmustbenotifiedtoallthecontractingStates,eachoneofwhichshallhavetherighttotakepartin:thedecisionastotheactiontobetakeninregardtosuch（甲）thenegotiationandconclusionofanyagreementfortheamendmentofthe（乙） eapartytothetreatyshallalsobeentitled eapartytothetreatyasTheamendingagreementdoesnotbindanyStatealreadyapartytothetreatywhichdoesnot eapartytotheamendingagreement;article30,paragraph4(b),appliesinrelationtosuchState.AnyStatewhich esapartytothetreatyaftertheentryintooftheamendingagreementshall,failinganexpressionofadifferentintentionbythatState:beconsideredasapartytothetreatyasamended;（甲）beconsideredasapartytotheunamendedtreatyinrelationtoanypartytothetreatynotboundbytheamendingagreement.Article41Agreementstomodify ltreatiesbetweencertainoftheparties Twoormoreofthepartiestoamultilaltreatymayconcludeanagreementtomodifythetreatyasbetweenthemselvesaloneif:thepossibilityofsuchamodificationisprovidedforbythetreaty;（甲）themodificationinquestionisnotprohibitedbythetreaty（乙）有关之修改非为条约所，且doesnotaffecttheenjoymentbytheotherpartiesoftheirrightsunderthetreatyortheperformanceoftheir（一）doesnotrelatetoaprovision,derogationfromwhichis patiblewiththeeffectiveexecutionoftheobjectandpurposeofthetreatyasawhole.（二）不关涉任何如予损抑即与有效实行整个条约之目的及不合之规定者Unlessinacasefallingunderparagraph1(a)thetreatyotherwiseprovides,thepartiesinquestionshallnotifytheotherpartiesoftheirintentiontoconcludetheagreementandofthemodificationtothetreatyforwhichit第五 SECTION1.GENERAL第一 总Article42Validityandcontinuanceinof第四十二 ThevalidityofatreatyoroftheconsentofaStatetobeboundbyatreatymaybeimpeachedonlythroughtheapplicationofthepresentConvention.Theterminationofatreaty,itsdenunciationorthewithdrawalofaparty,maytakeceonlyasaresultoftheapplicationoftheprovisionsofthetreatyorofthepresentConvention.Thesameruleappliestosuspensionoftheoperationofatreaty.Article43Obligationsimposedbyinternationallawindependentlyofa第四十三 Theinvalidity,terminationordenunciationofatreaty,thewithdrawalofapartyfromit,orthesuspensionofitsoperation,asaresultoftheapplicationofthepresentConventionoroftheprovisionsofthetreaty,shallnotinanywayimpairthedutyofanyStatetofulfilanyobligationembodiedinthetreatytowhichitwouldbesubjectunderinternationallawindependentlyofthetreaty.Article44Separabilityoftreaty第四十四 Arightofaparty,providedforinatreatyorarisingunderarticle56,todenounce,withdrawfromorsuspendtheoperationofthetreatymaybeexercisedonlywithrespecttothewholetreatyunlessthetreatyotherwiseprovidesorthepartiesotherwiseagree.Agroundforinvalidating,terminating,withdrawingfromorsuspendingtheoperationofatreatyrecognizedinthepresentConventionmaybeinvokedonlywithrespecttothewholetreatyexceptasprovidedinthefollowingparagraphsorinarticle60.Ifthegroundrelatessolelytoparticularclauses,itmaybeinvokedonlywithrespecttothoseclausesthesaidclausesareseparablefromtheremainderofthetreatywithregardtotheir（甲）itappearsfromthetreatyorisotherwiseestabl