全国职称英语卫生A类阅读练习题

全国职称英语卫生A类阅读练习题

Whenitcomestotranslatingbasicresearchintoindustrialsuccess.fewnationscanmatchGermany.Sincethe1940s.thenationsvastindustrialbasehasbeenfedwithaconstantstreamofnewideasandexpertisefromscience.AndthoughGermanprosperity(富强)hasfaltered(衰退)overthepastdecadebecauseofthehugecostofunifyingeastandwestaswellastheglobaleconomicdecline，itstillhasanenviable(令人艳羡的)recordforturningideasintoprofit.

MuchofthereasonforthatsuccessistheFraunhoferSociety，anetworkofresearchinstitutesthatexistssolelytosolveindustrialproblemsandcreatesought.aftertechnologies.ButtodaytheFraunhoferinstituteshavecompetition.Universitiesaretakinganeverlargerroleintechnologytransfer，andtechnologyparksarespringingupallover.Theseeffortsarebeingcomplementedbythefederalprogrammesforpumpingmoneyintostart-upcompanies.

Suchastrategymaysoundlikearecipeforeconomicsuccess.butitisnotwithoutitscritics.Thesepeopleworrythatfavouringappliedresearchwillmeanneglectingbasicscience，eventuallystarvingindustryoffleshideas.Ifeveryscientiststartsthinkinglikeanentrepreneur(企业家)，theargumentgoes，thenthetraditionalprinciplesofuniversityresearchbeingcuriosity.driven，fleeandwidelyavailablewillSuffer.Othersclaimthatmanyoftheprogrammestopromotetechnologytransferareawasteofmoneybecausehalfthesmallbusinessesthatarepromotedareboundtogobankruptwithinafewyears.

Ⅵmilethisdebatecontinues.newideasflowatasteadyratefromGermanysresearchnetworks，whichbearfamousnamessuchasHelmholtz，MaxPlanckandLeibniz.Yetitisthefourthnetwork，theFraunhoferSociety，thatplaysthegreatestroleintechnologytransfer.

Foundedin1949，theFraunhoferSocietyisnowEuropeslargestorganizationforappliedtechnology，andhas59institutesemploying12，000people.Itcontinuestogrow.Lastyear，itSwalloweduptheHeinrichHertzInstituteforCommunicationTechnologyinBerlin.Today，thereareevenFraunhofersintheUSandAsia.

31WhatfactorcanbeattributedtoGermanprosperity?

ATechnologytransfer.BGoodmanagementCHardwork.DFiercecompetition

32WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueoftraditionaluniversityresearch?

AItisfree.BItisprofit-driven.CItiswidelyavailable.DItiscuriosity-driven.

33TheFraunhoferSocietyisthelargestorganizationforappliedtechnologyin

AAsia.BUSA.CEurope.DAfrica.

34WhenwastheFraunhoferSocietyfounded?

AIn1940.BLastyear.CAftertheunification.DIn1949.

35Thewordexpertiseinline3couldbebestreplacedby

experts.Bscientists..Cscholars.Dspecialknowledge.

参考答案：

ABCDD

答案解析：

31.正确答案为A.答案在第一段可以找到，该段的最终一句话itstillhasanenviablerecordforturningideasintoprofit是该段的总结，明确指出了德国的富强归功于技术的转换。

32.正确答案为B.答案可以在第三段里找到，这里段里有这样一句话：打traditionalprinciplesofuniversityresearchbeingcuriosity.driven，freeandwidelyavailablewillsuffer，传磊的大学科研原则有三个特点，只有没有pr