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英语九年级期末复习知识点总结1.Istudybyworkingwithagroup.(P2)by用法小结:在……旁边(near)Willyousitdownherebythewindow?在……之前Ihavetogobackbyteno’clock.BythetimeIwenthome,mymomhadcookedlunch.借助于……,用……Igotoschoolbybus.IlearnEnglishbylisteningtotheradio.2.dealwith(P8)Howwillyoudealwiththisproblem?Whatwillyoudowiththisproblem?3.Iusedtobeafraidofthedark.(P10)4.usedtodosth.过去常常……be/getusedtodoingsth.习惯于……beafraidof=beterrifiedof5.Sixteen-year-oldsshouldnotbeallowedtogettheirearspierced.(P18)●sixteen-year-olds=sixteen-year-oldteenagers●gettheirearspiercedget/havesth.done6.Whatwouldyoudoifyouhadamilliondollars?(P26)●具体数字/several+hundred/thousand/million/billionhundreds/thousands/millions/billionsof●虚拟语气:主语+would/should/could+V原if+主语+过去时态(be动词用were)7.ItmustbelongtoCarla.(P34)belongtosb.=besb’s8.She’sworriedbecauseofhertest.(P36)●becauseof+短语because+句子(主语+谓语)●beworriedabout=worryabout担心……9.Theremustbesomethingvisitingthehomesinourneighborhood.(P38)●Therebe…doingsth.Therebe句型中不能再有have/has●mustbe一定10.I’llhelpcleanupthecityparks.(P60)动词+副词,代词放中间:cheerup,setup,putup,fixup,cutup,cleanup,giveup,pickup,lookup,mixup,useup,eatup,giveout,workout,hangout,handout,cleanout,turnon,turnoff,turndown,turnup,takeoff,putoff,puton,giveaway,putaway,thinkover,lookover11.It’susedforseeinginthedark.(P69)beusedby被……使用beusedfordoingsth.=beusedtodosth.被用来做……beusedas把……用作……12.Ionlyjustmadeittomyclass.(P78)我刚好到达教室。●makeit办成功,做到,赶到Ithinkwe’lljustmakeit.●及时到达;赶上Thetrainleavesinfiveminutes,we’llnevermakeit!●约定(时间)Asforournextmeeting,let’smakeitthedayaftertomorrow.13.Attimesanadcanleadyoutobuysomethingyoudon’tneedatall.(p106)●attimes=sometimes有时sometime某时sometimes几次,几倍sometime一段时间●leadsb.todosth.纵容/引诱/引导某人做某事Heledustohishome.Youleadandwe’llfollow.14.Iprefertoreceiveagiftthathassomethoughtbehindit.(P108)prefertodosth.prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.preferdoingsth.todoingsth.15.Thewallsaremadefromoldglassbottlesthataregluedtogether.(P122)bemadefrom……由……制成(看不出原料)bemadeof……由……制成(能看出原料)注意:takeplace和happen都是表示“发生”的意思,都没有被动语态。它们的区别是:happentosb.某人发生了某事happentodosth.碰巧发生了某事happen:一切客观事情或情况的偶然或未能预见地发生takeplace:发生事先计划或预想到的事物.(历史上的事件,集会等先布置而后发生或举行的事情,不用于地震等自然现象)九年级英语上期期末复习(Unit1-12)Unit1一、Hestudiesbyaskingtheteacherforhelpby以…方式,靠+n/doingIwenttoschoolbybus/train/subway/bike/plane/boat….二、thebestwaytodosth做某事的最好方法三、JoiningtheEnglishclubwasthebestwaytoimproveourEnglish.动名词作主语+V三单四、havetrouble/problem/difficult/ahardtime+doingsth做某事很困难五、laughatsb.嘲笑某人六、last(持续)+一段时间Therainlastedfor6hoursyesterday.七、regard…..as……=consider….as…..=treat……as…….把…..当成……八、complaintosbaboutdoingsth抱怨某人做某事九、except/besidesexcept除…以外….Allthestudentswenttothezooexceptmebesides除….以外(包括在内)Ihavefewfriendsbesidesyou.十、assoonas….一….就……(条件状语从句,主将从现)I’llcallyouassoonasIgetthere.十一、if引导宾语从句时“是否”if引导条件状语从句“假如,如果”,主句为将来时,从句用一般现在时。Idon’tknowifitwillrain,ifitrains,Iwon’tgoout.宾从条从Unit2一、1)usedtodosth过去常常做某事Heusedtodohomeworkuntil10pm.2)beusedtodoingsth习惯于做某事I’musedtogettingupearly.Sheisusedtolivingalone.3)beusedtodosth=beusedfordoingsth被用于做某事Knifeisusedtocutthings=Knifeisusedforcuttingthings.二、afford买得起,负担得起(…的费用)Ican’taffordanewcar.affordtodosth负担得起做某事三、getintroublewith与….发生纠纷bepatientwithsbofsth在某事上对某人很耐心四、beproudof=takepridein+n/doing对…..感到骄傲五、It‘stime(forsb)todosth/It’stimeforsth是(某人)该做某事的时候了Unit3一、beallowedtodosth被允许做某事allowsbtodosth允许某人做某事allowtodosth允许做某事二、(1)insteadof+n/pre/vingSheprefersmilkinsteadof(=ratherthan)coffee.We’dliketogosightseeinginsteadofstayingathome.(2)instead相反的、代替。常放句末。Idon’tlikeswimming,Ilikeplayinggamesinstead.三、Sodowe我也是So+助、be、情态动词+主语“某人也一样”Ihavetodomyhomework.Sodoeshe.Nor/neither助、be、情态动词+主语“某人也不”Marydidn’tgotothepartylastnight.Neither/nordidI.四、I’mnotallowedtogetmyearspierced.Getsthdone/havesthdone这事儿不是主语做的,而是找别人做的。Mybikebrokedown,I’llhaveitrepaired.我的自行车坏了,我得找人修理。五、bestrictwithsb对某人严格bestrictinsth在某方面很严格六、becomfortabletodosth做某事很方便七、begoodfor对…..有好处。Vegetableandfruitaregoodforyourhealth.begoodat=dowellin+n/pre/doing擅长….Heisgoodatswimmingbegoodto=befriendlyto对…..很友善。八、haveanopportunitytodosth有机会做某事。九、语法:不定代词(1)some/any均为“一些”,+可、不可数名词;some一般用于肯定,any多用于否定或疑问句。但在疑问句中,当表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表达请求、建议时应用some.---Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?---Yes,please./No,thanks(2)many/muchmany+可数名词;much+不可数名词;都可与so,too,as,how搭配。either/neithereither指两者其一neither指两者都不either…..or…..不是…就是….neither…..nor…..既不…也不……十、other,theother,others,theothers,anotherother别的、其他的theother两者中另一个one……..,theother……..一个…另一个……others泛指别的人或物=other+复数名词some……,others…..一些…..另一些…..theothers特指其余剩下的人或物some…..,theothers……一些…..,其余的……another任何一个,另一个。(指三者以上中的任何一个)十一、getinthewayof…….妨碍…..十二、On….team.在…队里Heisontheschoolsoccerteam.十三、happen出乎意料的发生takeplace有计划的发生两者都没有被动语态Thisaccidenthastakenplacefor5years.十四、beseriousabout+n/pre/doing对….很认真十五、succeed(in)doingsth成功地做某事successn.successfuladjUnit4一、数词+hundred/thousand/million/billion几百/千/百万/十亿hundreds/thousands/millions/billions+of成百的/千的/百万的/十亿的二、辨析bring/take/fetch/carry三、IfIwereyou,I’dwearashirtandtie.IfIhadamilliondollars,I’dbuyabighouse.If的用法:在含有非真实条件句的复合句中,表示一种假设,需用虚拟语气,对现在情况的假设,条件从句中用一般过去时(be动词勇were),主句用would/should/could+V原Iftheywerehere,theywouldhelpyou.如果假设情况可能发生,句子用陈述语气,条件从句用一般现在时,主句用将来时。Ifhecomes,I’llbringhimapresent.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewon’thaveapicnic.四、invitesbtosomewhere.invitesbtodosth五、辨析borrow/lend/keepborrow…from….(主语)借进Iborrowedbooksfromschoollibrary.lend…..to…..(主语)借出Couldyoulendyourdictionarytome?keep借并保存一段时间(常用于完成时for,since与搭配,代替borrow)I’vekeptthisstorybookforamonth,andIdidn’treturnit.六、许多。(1)alotof,lotsof,some,plentyof既可修饰可数,也可修饰不可数名词。(2)anumberof+可数名词复数+V复“大量的”Anumberoftreesarecutdown.(3)thenumberof+可数名词复数+V三单“..的数量”Thenumberofstudentsinourclassis52.(4)amountof,much,alittle,little,abitof,adealof+不可数名词+V三单(5)many,afew,few+可数名词复数+V复七、(rather)than其后动词的形式,与前面动词的形式保持一致。Ilikesingingthandancing.宁愿做…而不愿做…..1)wouldratherdosththandosth.2)wouldliketodosth,thandosth3)prefertodosthratherthandosth4)preferdoingtodoing八、害怕做某事beafraidofdoingsth=beterrifiedofdoingsth=bescaredofdoingsthbeafraidtodosth九、win赢得比赛、演讲、地位、荣誉beat击败某人、某队十、辨别noise噪音Don’tmakeanynoise!voice人的嗓音Hehasagoodvoice.sound泛指各种声音Thesoundofcaristooloud.十一、tastev.品尝,尝起来n.味道,品味系动词taste,smell,look,sound,feel+adj十二、语法。Givesbsth=givesthtosb这种结构的动词还有:(加to的)give,show,send,bring,pass,lend,tell(加for的)make,buy,do,have,cook,find,singEg:Iboughtagiftforher.=IboughtheragiftShelentmeabook=Shelentabooktome.Unit5一、--Whosebookisthis?--Itmust/might/can’t/couldbesb’sbelongtosb.二、It’s+adj+that….It’snecessary/clear/important……that….It’s+adj+todosthit’simportant/necessarytoworkhard.find/think+it+adj+todosth.IfounditdifficulttorememberEnglishwords.三、对…感到担心。beanxious/worriedabout…worryabout渴望做某事beanxioustodosth四、Hecouldberunningforexercise.情态动词+be+doingsth(表示猜测可能正在做某事)五、sthhappentosb某人碰巧遇到某事Whenhewalkedacrosstheroad,thecaraccidenthappenedtohim.六、太….muchtoo+adj太多….toomuch+不可数ntoomany+可数nUnit6一、prefersthtosthIpreferfishtomeat.prefertodosth…ratherthandosth.=wouldratherdosththandosthTheyprefertostayathomeratherthangoout.preferdoingtodoingJimprefersreadingtoplayinggames.二、play+运动、棋类、消遣playbasketball/soccer/volleyball/tennis/ping-pong/baseball/chessplay+the+乐器playtheguitar/violin/piano/trumpet/drums三、go+运动ing:goshopping/fishing/sightseeing/cooking四、aloudloudloudlyaloud指读书readaloud.loud,loudly可互换,但loud可作adj,loudly却不能。五、使….想起….提醒(某人)remindsbremindsbofsthThephotosremindedmeofmyschooldays.remindsbtodosthCanyouremindmetowakehimupat6:25.六、though/although和but不能连用Mygrandfatheris100yearsold,butheisveryhealth.=Thoughmygrandfatheris100yearsold,heisveryhealth.because和so也不能连用七、famous=well-knownbefamousforMartinisfamousforwritingstory.befamousasSheisfamousasascientist.befamoustoTheGreatWallisfamoustotheworld.八、afew+可数名词(表肯定)一些alittle+不可数名词(表肯定)一些few(表否定)几乎没有little(表否定)几乎没有九、because+句子becauseof+名词、代词、动名词短语Hestoppedplayingsoccerbecausehehadaheadache.Hestoppedplayingsoccerbecauseofhisheadache.十、expecttodosth=hopetodosth=wishtodosth.十一、haveagreattime=havefun=enjoyoneself.Unit7一、辨析relaxed/relaxingtired/tiringfascinated/fascinatingexcited/excitingfrustrated/frustratingdisappointed/disappointingsurprised/surprisingamazed/amazinginterested/interesting(加ed的修饰人“感到。。。的”;加ing的修饰物“令人。。。的”)eg:Shewassurprisedtoreadthissurprisingnews.相关短语:beexcitedatbedisappointedatbesurprisedat/todosthbeinterestedin=takaaninterestin+n/Ving二、旅行。trek徒步跋涉trektroughthejungle/forest/mountaintravel泛指旅行travelaroundtheworld.trip短途旅行haveatrip.TriptoChengdu.三、想要、愿意做某事wouldliketodosth=wanttodosth.---Wherewouldyouliketogo?---I’dliketovisitsomewherewarm.四、辨析crossthroughoverpast(1)cross从表面上通过walkcrossthestreet/bridge/river….(2)through从空间通过gothroughtheforest/jungle/crowed…(3)over从上方跨过jumpoverthewall(4)past从旁边经过Hewalkedpastthewindowwhenwewerehavingclass.五、hope/wish(1)hopetodosthhope+从句(2)wishtodosthwishsbtodosthwish+从句六、I’dliketogosomewhererelaxing.adj放不定代词后修饰不定代词。七、Whynot+V原…..?=Whydon’tyou+V原….?Let’s+V原八、consider考虑、认为considerdoingsth/+how(what)+todosth/+名词、从句eg:We’reconsideringvisitingParisforholiday.Hehasneverconsideredhowtosolvetheproblem.Allofyoushouldconsiderthefeelingofthepeople.Doyouconsider(认为)thatwecanfinishtheprojectontime?九、oneof+adj最高级+复数名词+V三单OneofthehighestsightsinParisisEiffelTower.十、辨析include/includingOurschoolincludestwoparts:PrimaryandMiddleSchool.Ilikeallsportsincludingplayingsoccer.十一、travelingaroundPingaroundParisbytaxi动名词做主语+V三单oneofthecheapestwaystovisitParisistakingtheundergroundtrain.动名词作表语从句的主语十二、辨析costspendpaytakeSthcosts(cost)……TheTVcostme500dollars.Sbspend(spent)…..onsth/doingsthIspent500dollarsontheTV.Ispent500dollarsbuyingtheTV.Sbpay(paid)….For…Ipaid500dollarsfortheTV.Ittakes(took)sb…..todosth.Ittookme500dollarstobuytheTV.十三、unless=ifnot条件状语从句,由if,unless引导。(主将从现,主过从过)Ifitdoesn’train,we’llgofishing.Unlessyouseeadoctor,youshouldn’ttakethemedicine.十四、提供。(1)providesbwithsth=providesthforsb.Hetriedtofindajobtoprovidehisfamilywithfood.Hetriedtofindajobtoprovidefoodforhisfamily.offersbsth=offersthtosb.Sheofferedmoneytothepoorchildren.offertodosth自愿做某事十五、mind,finish,keep,bebusy,feellike,practice,havefun,enjoy,havetrouble/problem/difficult/ahardtime,permit,spend,beworth,keepon,keep,beusedto,continue,giveup,putoff,endup,payattentionto,lookforwardto,consider,suggest,can’thelp,miss+doingsthfeel,hear,see,find,watch,noticesbdosth(做过)doingsth(正在做)十六、辨析stoptodo/stopdoingremembertodo/rememberdoingforgettodo/forgetdoingtrytodo/trydoinggoontodo/goondoingallowtodo/allowdoing十七、在介词后(in,at,after,on,to,for,of,by,against,with,without,after,before,)如果要用动词,只能用v-ingIstudyforatestbyworkingwithgroups.十八、enough的用法adj/adv+enough足够。。。样enough+n足够的。。。十九、语法:主谓一致。1.当and或both…and…连接两个或三个名词作主语,谓语动词用复数。BothyouandIaregoodfriends.2.不定代词作主语+V三单(either,neither,each,theother,another,any/every/no/some引导的不定代词)Everyoneisgoingtobeachtomorrow.3.由each,every引导的作主语,指同一个人时,+V三单Eachboyandgirlwasgivenagift.4.主语后有with,alongwith,togetherwith,aswellas,morethan,including,besides,like,except,but.谓语动词由前面的主语决定.MrLiwithhiswifeandchildreniscomingnextweek.Tombesideshisfriendsplaysvolleyballeveryafternoon.5.either…or….neither…nor…notonly…butalso…连接两个主语,谓语动词有靠近它的主语决定,即就近原则。NotonlymyparentsbutalsoIamlookingforwardtomeetingmyuncle.Eitheryouorheisright.6.therebe句型的be动词由靠近它的主语决定,即就近原则。Thereisatableandmanydesksintheroom.7.oneof+复数名词+V三单oneofthewomenisfromAmerica.二十、dreamofdoingsthachieve/cometrueIbelieveIwillachievemydreamoneday.=Ibelievemydreamwillcometrueoneday.二十一、receive/acceptI’vereceivedherinvitationtotheparty,butIdidn’tacceptit,becauseI’mbusy.二十二、辨析sothatso…..that….such….That…1)sothat=inorderthatheworkshardsothathecanmakemoremoney.2)such修饰强调名词。such+a/an+adj+n+that从句Maryissuchayounggirlthatshecan’tgotoschool.such+adj+不可数名词、复数名词+that从句3)so修饰强调adj或adv.so+adj/adv+that从句Heissocleverthathecanworkoutalltheproblems.4)当名词由many,much,few,little修饰时,只能用sosomany/few+可数名词复数+that从句somuch/little+不可数名词+that从句TherearesomuchtimethatIcanplaywithfriends.5)too…to…=not…enoughto….=so…..that….二十三、短语。bewillingtodosthbesimilartoitseemsthat…seemtodosthholdonto..accordingto二十四、定语从句(详见Unit6-7)1)一般情况下,that可指人,也可指物,可代替who,whom,which;但不能和介词搭配。Which指物who,whom,whose指人where指某地when指某时Adoctorisapersonwholooksafterpeople’health.Iliketheplaceswherepeoplearefriendly.2)掌握that的几种特殊用法(详见书上)3)掌握whom,which与介词的用法Units8-12volunteerone’stimetodosth自愿花费时间做某事makeaplantodosth=plantodosth计划或某事takeafter=besimilarto和….相似repair=fixup修理thankyou(thanks)fordoingsthlke表举例时“像….”其后如果跟动词必须用doingbe(get)usedtodoingsth习惯于做某事usedtodosth过去常常做某事beusedtodosth=beusedfordoingsth(某物)被用于做某事辨析bring,take,carry,fetchbring拿来take带走carry携带,搭乘,运载,抬fetch取回adj/adv+enough足够…..enough+n足够的….divide…..into…..把….划分成…十一、thepopularityofbasketballhasrisenworldwide.popularity人口+V三单十二、thenumberof(…..的数量)+V三单anumberof(大量的)+V复数十三、dreamofdoingsth梦想做某事十四、happen=takeplace(没有被动语态)十五、辨析forgettodosth忘记去做某事forgetdoingsth忘记做过某事leave(left)sthsomewhere把(某物)忘在某地lose–lost--lost丢失十六、到达arriveat/in+地点getto+地点reach+地点注明:如果后面不跟地点只能用arrive十七、ontime准时intime按时十八、wakeup醒来wake–woke–wakenhangout闲逛十九、wait(for)sbtodosth等待某人做某事二十、invitesbtodosth邀请某人做某事invitesbtosomewhere邀请某人去某地二十一、辨析embarrassed/embarrassing二十二、showup出现、出席stayup熬夜二十三、dressup装扮、打扮dresssb(in)给(某人)穿衣服wear穿着、戴着(表状态)puton穿上(表动作)二十四、hundredsof数百的、thousandsof数千的、millionsof数百万的、billionsof数十亿的。数词+hundred/thousand/million/billion几百、几千、几百万、几十亿二十五、marrysb嫁给(某人)getmarried和(某人)结婚二十六、sellout卖完sell–sold–sold二十七、therebe句型中的be动词用is还是are,取决于靠近它的主语是单数还是复数。二十八、问路方式:Couldyoutellme(Doyouknow)howtogetto……?Couldyoutellmethewayto….?CouldyoutellmewhereIcan(dosth)..?Couldyoutellmewhere….is?Couldyoutellmeifthereis/are…..aroundhere?二十九、beinterestedin=takeaninterestin+n/doing三十、宁愿做某事,而不愿做某事。prefertodosthratherthandosthwouldratherdosththandosthpreferdoingtodoingsth注:(rather)than后面的动词形式与前面的并列成分一致。三十一、lookfor寻找ind找到、发现findout查明、弄清楚三十二、beconvenienttodosth方便做某事三十三、havefun=haveagoodtime=enjoyoneself玩得高兴havefundoingsth做某事很愉快三十四、agoodplacetodosth做某事的好地方三十五、dressupas….打扮成三十五、when(一般后跟过去时)while(一般后跟进行时)三十六、it’snecessarytodosth做某事很有必要三十七、borrow…..from….向….借….lendsthtosb借给某人某物.keep借并保存一定时间.常与一段时间连用。I’vekeptthisbookforaweek.我已经借了这本书一周了三十八、wonder=wanttoknow想知道三十九、trouble打扰、麻烦havetrouble/difficult/problem/ahardtime+doingsth做某事很困难四十、inorderto……为了…..Inordernottobelate,herushtothebusstop.四十一、besupposedtodosth(不)应该做某事..四十二、dropby顺便拜访四十三、afterall毕竟捡起,挑选pickup指着pointatmakeanoise制造噪音沿着….一直走….walkdown…四十四、make的用法make+adjmakesbdosth(hear,watch,see,have等用法相同)(但变为被动语态时,其后加toMymothermademetowork5hours.Iwasmadetowork5hours.四十五、makemistake犯错四十六、辨析except/besidesexcept(除…..之外)EveryonewenttothebeachexceptJim.besides(除….之外,包括在内)IhavealotoffriendsbesidesMary.四十七、find(think)it+adj+todosth.发现、认为做某事是……四十八、不再…..not……anymore(anylonger)=nomore(nolonger)语法专项动词的分类和时态动词短语。动词+介词lookat,listento,lookafter,lookfor,waitfor,takeafter,dependon,thinkof,handin,hearfrom,hearof,studyfor等,此类动词后的宾语无论是名词还是代词,都只能放在介词后。Lookattheblackboard.Lookafteritcarefully.动词+副词turnoff,turnon,turnup,turndown,pickup,setup,cheerup,cleanup,workout,putup,fixup,cutup,giveout,giveup,giveaway,putaway,thinkover,putoff,useup,handout,mixup,lookup,eatup等.此类动词后的宾语是名词时,放在副词前后都可,若是代词,必须放在中间.Heturnoffthelightwhenheleft.Hepickeditupandgiveittome.⑶其他动词短语:getalongwith,takepridein,payattentionto,makegooduseof,beproudof,keepawayfrom,bebusywith,bemadeof,begoodat,beinterestedin,comeupwith,besatisfiedwith三、非延续动词。buy,lend,borrow,die,begin,stop,finish,arrive,join,go,come等。不能与表示一段时间的状语连用,要用延续动词替换。(详见现在完成时)四、系动词。be,become,get,look,seem,turn,sound,smell,taste,feel,keep五、助动词。be,have,has,do,does,did,will,shall(详见P54)Ⅰ、动词的五种基本形式(详见P55)Ⅱ、用法:一般现在时。肯定句:主语+V原+其他。Iusuallygotoschoolbybus.主语(三单)+V三单Sheplaystennisonceaweek.疑问句:Do+主语+V原……?Does+主语(三单)+V原……?否定句:主语+don’t+V原.主语(三单)+doesn’t+V原.用法:=1\*GB2⑴表示经常或习惯性发生的动作。⑵表示客观真理、事实。Theearthgoesaroundthesun.⑶在时间、条件等状语从句中,用一般现在时表示将来。(if,assoonas,until,when)Ifitrainstomorrow,wewon’tgotothepark.WhenIgrowup,I’llgotoParis.时间状语:Always,often,sometimes,usually,onSunday,onMondayafternoon,everyday/month/year/week,inthemorning,onceayear,twiceaday,threetimesaday等⑵一般过去时。⑴表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。Igotuplatethismorning.⑵表示过去的习惯或经常发生的动作。WhenIwasinthecountryside.Ioftenswamintheriver.Iusedtogofishing.2、结构:肯定句:主语+V过去+其他。Wevisitedthemuseumlastweek.MyfriendTomwenttothebeachyesterday.疑问句:Did+主语+V原……?Didyougoshoppingwithhim?Didshecookdinnerforherfamily?否定句:主语+didn’t+V原……Hedidn’tgotoseethemovielastSunday.3、动词的规则变化。4、时间状语:Yesterday,lastnight/week/year/month,lastSunday,in1995,theotherday,justnow,ago等⑶一般将来时。用法。表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。其构成:will+V原肯定句:TheywillleaveforShanghainextweek.否定句:Wewon’tvisithimtomorrow.疑问句:WillyougotoShanghaiintwoweeks?(注:当主语为I或we时,问句中可用shall)whereshallwemeettomorrow?begoingto+V原表示计划、打算做某事。---whatareyougoingtodonextSunday?---Iamgoingtolistentomusic.Lookattheclouds,thereisgoingtorain.现在进行时be+Ving有时可以表示将来。常用这种结构的动词:go,come,leave,stay,start,arriveWe’releavingforLondon.(4)现在进行时1、构成:肯定句:主语+is/am/are+ving疑问句:Is/Am/Are+主语+ving否定句:主语+isn’t/amnot/aren’t+ving用法:表示正在进行的动作I’mreadingbooknow.表示现阶段正在进行的动作或状态。Theyarestudyinghardthisterm.时间状语now,thesedays,当句中有look,listen,can’tyousee,canyousee时Listen!Heissinging.(5)现在完成时1、already/yet已经already一般用于肯定,与完成时态和进行时连用,也可以用于疑问句,表惊讶。Ihavealreadyfinishedmywork.yet一般用于否定或疑问句。Hasshegonetoschoolyet?Hisparentshaven’tbeentoParisyet.现在完成时表示从过去开始延续到现在的动作,常与for,since连用.现在完成时表示动作才刚结束,但影响还在。Ihavelostmypen.(结果是我的笔丢失了,我现在没有钢笔了)--haveyoufoundyourwatchyet?--No,Ihaven’tfoundityet.Ihavelivedherefor10years.我已经在这里住了10年(可能还会继续住下去)3、结构:肯定句:主语+have/has+V过分疑问句:Have/Has+主语+V过分否定句:主语+haven’t/hasn’t+V过分4、时间状语yet,already,recently,just,once,never,ever,sofar,thesedays.since+过去的时间点/过去时态for+一段时间inthelast(past)+一段时间5、延续和非延续动词。在现在完成时中,有些动词不能与一段时间搭配,所以在与for,since引导的肯定句搭配时,要用其他动词替代:buy---haveborrow---keepdie---bedeadgo/leave/move---beaway(from)begin/start---beonfallasleep---beasleepfinish/end---beoverjoin---bein/bea+名词come---behereopen---beopenclose---beclosedI’velefttheschoolfor3years.()I’vebeenawayfromtheschoolfor3years.()6、辨析have/hasbeento,have/hasgoneto,havehasbeeninhave/hasbeento…曾经去过某地,现在已经回来IhavebeentoParis3times.have/hasgoneto…去了某地,现在还没回来,可能还在路上。--whereisyourfather?---hehasgonetoShanghai.have/hasbeenin…已经在某地(呆了多久)MyfamilyhavebeeninChengdufor20years(6)过去进行时1、结构was/were+doing2、用法①表示过去某段时间正在进行的动作---whatwereyoudoingat9:30lastnight?---IwaswatchingTV.3、when一般接一般过去时Iwasdoingmyhomeworkwhenmyfathercamehome.while一般接进行时Whilemymotherwascleaning,Iwentout.Hewasplayingbasketballwhileshewasreadingbooks.(7)过去完成时1、过去完成时表示过去某个时间以前好或过去某个动作以前,已经发生的动作或状态。(过去的过去)WhenIgottoschool,IrealizedIhadleftmybackpackathone.Bythetimeshegottoclass,theteacherhadstartedteaching.2、结构:had+V过分3、时间状语:bythetime+表示过去的时间状语从句,主句用过去完成时。Bythetimewearrivedattheshop,thebushadleft.动词、短语辨析1、dress,puton,weardresssb/oneself(in)给某人穿衣。Shedressedherbabyinaredskirt.dressup打扮、装扮Thegirldressedherselfupantwenttotheparty.Puton(动作)穿上It’scoldoutside,putonyourcoat.wear=bein穿着、戴着LilywearsT-shirteveryday.=LilyisinT-shirteveryday.2、arrive,get,reacharrive+at/in+地点WhendidyouarriveinChengdu?getto+地点Howdoyougettoschool?reach+地点Whenshereachedthesupermarket,hermotherisshopping.3、die,dead,death,dyingdie(动词)死亡→(过去时)diedHisfrienddied3yearsago.dead(die的过去分词,用于完成时,与for,since搭配)Hisfriendhasbeendeadfor3years.death(名词)死亡Hisdeathistheloss(损失)ofChina.dying垂死的Thepoormanisdying.lose,forget,leavelose丢失、失去forget忘记forgettodosth/forgetdoingsthleave+地点“把某物落在某地)以must开头的疑问句,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t---MustIfinishtheworktoday?---No,youneedn’t.---MayIcomein?---No,youmusn’t.非谓语动词动词不定式结构to+V原/notto+V原用法①作主语+V三单TospeakEnglishisnoteasyforus.②作表语Myjobistocleantheroom.③作宾语Helikestoplaysoccer.④作宾语补足语Sheaskedmenottospeakloudly.⑤作定语Haveyougotanythingtoeat?⑥作状语IwenttothelibrarytostudyEnglish.(表目的)注:作宾语的不定式如果是不及物动词,且与所修饰的词之间有动宾关系,要在不定式后加介词。Idon’thaveenoughtimetostudyforthetest,soIhavesomethingtoworryabout.Ineedaroomtolivein不定式作宾语:want,refuse,wish,need,choose,hope,agree,wouldlike,offer,expect,decide,ask+todosthIhopetofindagoodjobaftergraduatingfromschool.不定式作宾补:tell,ask,want,allow,get,wouldlike,encourage+sb(not)todosthMymotherasksmenottoplaycomputergamesbeforefinishinghomework.不带to的不定式:whynot+do…?Hadbetter(not)dosth.Wouldbetter(not)do…Could/Would/Willyou(not)do…..?另外,有些感官动词和使役动词也不带to:Hear,see,watch,notice,feel,let,make,have+sb(not)do….但变为被动时,要加toThebossmadethemworkthewholeday.Theyweremadetoworkthewholeday.(被动)感叹句(一)what引导1、what+a/an+adj+可数名词单数+主语+谓语Whatabeautifulgirlsheis!2、what+adj+可数名词复数、不可数名词+主语+谓语Whatsweetwateritis!(二)how引导How+adj/adv+主语+谓语Howinterestingthefilmis!(三)如何判断用what还是how凡是有a/an开头,多用what;凡是adj直接加名词的,多用what,其他一般用how.状语从句时间状语从句when,while,as,before,after,since,until,assoonas.当主语是一般将来时或祈使句或有情态动词时,从句用一般现在时,“主将从现”I’llringyouassoonasIgettoschool.我一到学校就打电话给你。肯定句:until=till直到I’llwaitforyouuntilyoucomeback.否定句:until=beforenot….until直到….才……Ididn’tgotobeduntilIfinishedmyhomework.。二、条件状语从句if,aslongas(只要),unless(除非)主将从现I’llvisityouifitdoesn’traintomorrow.Useyourhead,andyou’llfindaway.Unlessyouworkhard,you’llgetagoodjob.Ifthetrafficlightsaregreen,youcancrossthestreet.宾语从句一、宾语从句的语态。宾语从句要用陈述语态---Doyouknow______forShanghailastnight?A.whattimeheleavesB.whattimedidheleaveC.whattimeheleft.二、主句与从句时态一致。1、如果主句用现在的某个时态,宾语从句视实际情况而定。Iwonderifyoucanhelpme.我想知道你是否能帮我。2、主过---从过HetoldmethathewouldtakepartinEnglishclub.他告诉我他将参加英语俱乐部。HeaskedmeifIusedhisbike.他问我是否我用过他的自行车。如果
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