2020版高考英语一轮复习第1部分Unit4Earthquakes教学案(含解析)新人教版必修1

Unit4Earthquakes[单词拼写应用]核心单词1.burstvi.爆裂；迸发n．忽然破碎；迸发2．disastern．灾害；灾害3．rescuen．&vt.援救；营救4．buryvt.埋葬；掩埋；隐蔽5．destroyvt.损坏；破坏；消灭6．damagen．&vt.损失；伤害7．ruinn．废墟；破坏vt.破坏；使破产8．trapvt.使堕入窘境n．圈套；窘境9．electricityn．电；电流；电学10．sincerelyadv.真挚地；诚挚地[语境运用]用所给词的适合形式填空。1．Theearthquakewassobigthatmostofthehousesinthesmallvillagewerecompletelydestroyed(destroy)．2．Withsomanyminersburied(bury)underthemine，noneoftherescueworkerswouldstoptohavearest.3．Awaterpipeburst(burst)andtheentireapartmentwasflooded.4．Ifithadn'tbeenforyourtimelyhelp，wewould_be_trapped(trap)inadilemmanow.5．Alargenumberofsoldiersweresentthereto_rescue(rescue)thosetrappedinthebuilding.6．Disasters(disaster)suchasearthquakesandfloodsarenotcausedbyhumanbeings.拓展单词1.extremeadj.极度的→extremelyadv.极度地2．judgen．评判员；法官vt.判定；判断；裁决→judgementn．建议；判断力；审-1-判3．injurevt.伤害；伤害→injury．伤害；伤害→injuredadj.受伤的n4．nationn．民族；国家；公民→nationaladj.国家的；民族的5．frightenvt.使惊吓；恐吓→frightenedadj.吃惊的；受恫吓的→frighteningadj.令人惧怕的6．congratulatevt.庆祝→congratulationn．庆祝；(复数)贺词7．dirtn．污垢；泥土→dirtyadj.脏的；肮脏的8．suffervt.&vi.遭到；忍耐→sufferingn．磨难；难过→sufferern．患者；受害者9．shockvt.&vi.(使)震撼；震动n．休克；打击；震撼→shockingadj.令人震撼的shockedadj.震撼的10．survivevt.&vi.幸存；幸免于→survivorn．幸存者；生还者；残余物→survivaln．幸存[语境运用]用所给词的适合形式填空。1．Thegirlwasalmostfrightenedtodeathwhenshesawthefrighteningscene.(frighten)2．Theheadmasterwrotealetterto_congratulateheronhergoodperformanceandtheexcitingcongratulationsencouragedhergreatly.(congratulate)3．Judgingfromhislooks，hemustbeanhonestman.Onthecontrary，heoftenrobsandsteals，sothejudgepointedoutthatamanshouldnotbejudgedbyhisappearance.(judge)4．Wewereshockedattheshockingnewsthathediedsuddenlyyesterday.(shock)5．Rescuerssaidtheinjuredwastakentoahospitalnearby，andfortunatelytheinjurywasnotserious，notlifethreatening.(injure)6．Britainisadevelopednationanditsnationalflowerisrose.ManypeopledreamofhavingBritishnationality．(nation)阅读词汇1．canaln．运河；水道2．sheltern．遮蔽；遮蔽处；避身处3．farmyardn．农场；农家4．outlinen．重点；纲领；轮廓5．headlinen．报刊的大字标题6．earthquaken．地震7．trackn．轨道；踪迹；印迹-2-8．eventn．事件；大事9．welln．井10．pipen．管；导管11．steamn．蒸汽；水汽12．reportern．记者拓展联想1．“A→A→A”式不规则动词变化burst→burst→burst爆裂；迸发②cost→cost→cost花销③put→put→put放下④hurt→hurt→hurt伤害⑤shut→shut→shut封闭⑥hit→hit→hit打2．“-ing/-ed”结尾的形容词聚焦shocking令人震撼的①shocked震撼的frightening令人惊慌的②frightened惧怕的terrifying令人恐惧的③terrified惧怕的熟词生义你知道下边句子中黑体词的汉语意思吗？1．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Wewererespectfulofcraftandfocusedondiggingintothecharactersweweregoingtoplay.勤苦研究；研究2．(2014·重庆卷)Hehadarealgiftforhandlingchores,shelteringmefromunpleasantrepairjobs.保护；包庇3．Mrs.Long,whosufferedastrokeaftertheaccident,claimed$27，000damagesfromtheotherdriver'scarinsurancefirm.补偿金[短语多维应用]1.right_away马上；马上[语境运用]采用左侧短语的适合形式填空。高2．in_ruins严重受损；破①A_great_number_offirefightersweresent频tothescene②right_away．Thefirespreadso败不堪短quicklythatthebuildinglay③in_ruinsin3．a_(great)_number_of语notime.④Judging_fromthesituation，many很多；大批的-3-4．judging_from从判people⑤were_trapped_inthefire.The断firefightersdidalltheycouldtoputoutthe5．be_trapped_in堕入fireandtriedtocarrythetrappedpeopleout.6.think_little/nothing_o[语境运用]采用左侧短语的适合形式填空。f以为没什么了不起Myholidaywasnearly⑥at_an_endandIpaid高．at_an_endavisittomycousin.WhenIcamein，he⑦7结束；终结频8．dig_out掘出；发现was_buried_inreviewinghislessonsinhis短．be_proud_ofstudy.Hegottopmarksinthefinalexamand9以而语hisparents⑧were_proud_ofhim.However，he骄傲10．be_buried_in用心于⑨thought_nothing_ofwhathehadachieved.1.表示“马上；马上”的⑤immediately②thinkhighlyof重视；拓词语荟萃⑥instantly看得起展①rightaway2．“think＋副词＋③thinkwellof重视联②rightnowof”短语荟萃④thinkpoorlyof小看想③atonce①thinklittleof认⑤thinkbadlyof认④innotime为没什么了不起为不好[句式构造仿写]教材原句背诵句式仿写应用1.too...to...太而不(2016·上海卷)我当时太年幼，不理解这部电影能。的含义。Inthefarmyards，thechickensIwasthentoo_young_to_understandtheandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeat.meaningofthefilm.2.Itseemedasif仿佛/好像。保罗忧如像一位超人同样英勇地与狼作斗争。PaulfoughtthewolfbravelyasifItseemedasiftheworldwasatanend！he_were_a_superman.everywhere指引退步状语从句。不论他走到哪里，他都遇到热情欢迎。EverywheretheylookednearlyEverywhere_he_went，hereceivedawarmeverythingwasdestroyed.welcome.4.all...not...并不是所有的近来的一项检查表示，在我们学校并不是所有的学-4-都。生都在课余时间进行体育锻炼。Allhopewasnotlost.Arecentsurveyshowsthatall_the_students_in_our_school_don't_take_physical_exerciseintheirsparetime.精讲5个考纲单词1．burstvi.爆裂；迸发n．忽然破碎；迸发单句语法填空Thepoliceburstinandarrestedthegang.②Heburstintotheroomwithoutknockingatthedoor，whichmademeveryangry.③AtthenewsthatmydadwouldbebackfromLondonthisweek，Ifeltasifmyheartwouldburstwithjoy.(2)[链接写作]——句式升级①(一般表达)Whentheyheardthebadnewsthattheirsondiedintheearthquake，thecoupleburst_into_tears(忽然哭起来)．②(高级表达)Hearing_the_bad_newsthattheirsondiedintheearthquake，thecoupleburst_out_crying．(分词短语作状语)先理解再切记(1)burstin/into闯进，忽然破门而入burstoutcrying/laughing忽然哭起来/笑起来burstintotears/laughterburstwithanger/joy勃然震怒/喜不自胜(2)aburstof一阵[名师点津]短语burstin中的in是副词，后边不接宾语；而burstinto中的into是介词，后边应接宾语。ruinn．[U]破坏；破坏；[常用复数]废墟vt.(使)破坏；成为废墟单句语法填空WhentheyrushedtoRockawaythenextday，theyfoundtheirneighbourhoodinruins(ruin)．(2)[链接写作]——一句多译他犯了个错误，这让他失掉了出国的时机。①Hemadeamistake，which_ruined_his_chanceofgoingabroad.(定语从句)②Hemadeamistake，ruining_his_chanceofgoingabroad.(分词作状语)-5-先理解再切记(1)lie/beinruins成为废墟bereducedtoruins沦为废墟(2)ruinoneself毁掉自己；自取消亡ruinone'shealth/fame/future破坏某人的健康/名誉/前程[佳句背诵]Thewholecitylayinruinsaftertheearthquake，whichmadeusawakeallnight.3.injurevt.伤害；伤害单句语法填空①Aterribleaccidenthappenedatthecrossingandanambulancerushedtheinjured(injure)tothehospital.②Dogs'ownersshouldberesponsibleiftheirpetsdoaninjury(injure)tootherpeopleorcausedamagetotheirproperty.(2)[链接写作]——句式升级(一般表达)Myleftfootwasseriouslyinjured，soIcan'tgowithyouasplanned.(高级表达)With_my_left_foot_seriously_injured，Ican'tgowithyouasplanned.(with复合构造)先理解再切记(1)injuredadj.受伤的getseriouslyinjured受重伤theinjured伤员(2)injuryn．伤；伤口；伤害dosb.aninjury/doaninjurytosb.伤害某人[佳句背诵]Sheinjuredherselfwhileskating，whichmadeherparentsveryworried.buryvt.掩埋；埋葬；使专心，使沉醉；隐蔽单句语法填空Iwanderedintothediningroomandfoundyouburied(bury)inpilesofbooks.②Hesankintoachair，burying(bury)hisfaceinhishands.(2)[链接写作]——一句多译专心于念书，他不知道外面下雨了。(bury)①Becauseheburied_himself_in/was_buried_inhisbooks，hedidn'tknowitwasrainingoutside.(状语从句)-6-②Burying_himself_inhisbooks，hewasnotawareitwasrainingoutside.(此刻分词短语作状语)③Buried_inhisbooks，hewasnotawareitwasrainingoutside.(过去分词短语作状语)先理解再切记beburiedin(1)用心于；专心于buryoneselfin(2)buryone'sfaceinone'shands双手掩面[佳句背诵]Thegirlwassittingonthebenchinthepark，buryingherselfinabook.[名师点津]表示“专心于；致力于”的短语还有：bedevotedto；belostin；beengagedin；beabsorbedin；focus/concentrateon等。judgevt.判定；判断；裁决n．评判员；法官单句语法填空I'mwritingtoinviteyoutobeajudgeatourEnglishspeechcontesttobeheldinourschoolonJune15.②Schoolstendtobe_judged(judge)bytheperformanceoftheirstudentsinexams.③Judging(judge)fromthenumberofcars，hethoughttherewerenotmanypeopleattheclubyet.(2)[链接写作]——达成句子(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)依我看来，注意餐桌礼仪是特别重要的。As_far_as_I_can_judge/As_far_as_I'm_concerned，it'sveryimportanttomindyourtablemanners.先理解再切记(1)judge...from/by...从来判断judgesb.tobe判断某人为asfarasIcanjudge据我判断；我以为(2)judgingby/from从上看；依据判断[名师点津]judgingfrom/by表示“从上看，依据判断”，用在句首时为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态的影响。解说2个核心短语1．atanend结束；终结单句语法填空①Themeetingcametoanendandhesetdownanumberofkeywords.-7-Atfirstherefusedtoacceptanyresponsibilitybutheendedupapologizing(apologize)．(2)[链接写作]——词汇升级(一般表达)Thespeechcontestfinished.Thankfully，Iendedupwinningthefirstprizeandmyhardworkpaidofffinally.(高级表达)Thespeechcontestwas_at_an_end．Thankfully，Iendedupwinningthefirstprizeandmyhardworkpaidoffin_the_end．先理解再切记(1)attheendof...在终点，在尾端bytheendof到结束时，到时候为止(常与达成时态连用)intheend最后；终于(2)cometoanend结束putanendtosth.结束；终结make(both)endsmeet使进出相抵，量力而行(3)endupwith以结束endupdoingsth.以做结束2.a(great)numberof很多；大批的(1)单句语法填空①Nowagreatnumberofcollegegraduatesare_seeking(seek)togetahigh-paidjob.Butthenumberofpostsavailableforthemis(be)oftennotenough.②Largequantitiesofinformation，aswellassometimelyhelp，have_been_offered(offer)sincetheorganizationwasbuilt.③Agreatdealofmoneywas_donated(donate)toauniversitybyanordinaryworker，whicharousedpublicattention.Largeamountsofmoneyare_spent(spend)onadvertisementseveryyear.(2)[链接写作]——达成句子我们使用新的循环利用方法，节俭了大批的原资料。Afterweusethenewrecyclingmethod，a_large_number_of_materials_have_been_saved．先理解再切记agreat/largenumberof＋可数名词复agreat/goodmany数＋复数谓语quiteafew(2)thenumberof＋可数名词复数＋单数谓语-8-agreatdealof(3)agreat/largeamountof不行数名词＋alotof/lotsof＋单数谓语(4)massesof＋可数名词复数或不行数quantitiesof名词＋复数谓语＋可数名词复数＋复数谓语(5)plentyof＋不行数名词＋单数谓语[名师点津](1)alargequantity/amountof＋不行数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数。(2)alargequantity/amountof＋可数名词复数作主语时谓语动词用复数。打破2个高考句型1．(教材P26)It_seemed_as_iftheworldwasatanend！忧如到了世界末日！[重点提炼]Itseemed/seems(tosb.)that/asif...“(对某人来说)仿佛”。(1)单句语法填空①(2016·上海卷)Thekidswereveryfriendlywithherandevenlookeduptoherasifshewere(be)theirownmother.②ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.WhyareyoutalkingtomeasifIhad_done(do)it?③Theoldmanwaslyingonthegroundasifhurt(hurt)badly.(2)[链接写作]——句式升级Theywalkedhereandthereontheplaygroundasiftheywerelookingforsomething.→Theywalkedhereandthereontheplaygroundasiflooking_for_something．(省略)先理解再切记(1)asif从句用陈说语气：从句表示的状况是真切的或极有可能发生的(2)asif从句用虚构语气：①从句用一般过去时(与此刻的事实相反)②从句用过去达成时(与过去的事实相反)③从句用would/could/mightdo形式(与未来的事实相反)[佳句背诵]Lookatthecloudsinthesky！Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.Let'shurryup.2.(教材P26)Allhopewasnotlost.不是所有的希望都幻灭了。[重点提炼]部分否认。该句是表示部分否认的句型，all...not...＝notall...，意为“并不是所有的都”。(1)单句语法填空-9-①Hetoldmeallpiecesofthenews，butnoneofthemwasexciting.②OurEnglishteacherisexcellent，butshecan'thelpeveryone/allintheclassin50minutes.(2)[链接写作]——句型变换Bothofthemathsproblemsarenotverydifficult.Not_both_of_the_maths_problemsareverydifficult.先理解再切记部分否认用法：含“所有/所有/任何”等意义的词与not连用，如：all，both，everything，always等。所有否认用法：英语中的no，none，never，nobody，nothing，neither，noone，nowhere，nomore，nolonger，noway等表否认意义的词(组)与一定式谓语一同使用组成“所有否认”。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．ItwasatmidnightthatKenwas_dug(dig)outfromtheruins.2．Trapped(trap)intheruins，thegirlstillheldapositiveattitude.3．Whenthegamefinallyended，bothofuswerelyingflatonourbacks，tootiredtomove.4．OnseeingtheformerchampionoftheOlympicsappearsonthestage，theaudienceburstoutcheering(cheer)．5．Two-fifthsofthestudentsinourclassare(be)fondofpopmusic.6．Onarrivingthere，weexpressedourcongratulations(congratulation)tohimonhissuccess.7．Itshocked(shock)metoseehowmyneighborstreatedtheirchildren.8．Althoughitwasanextremely(extreme)difficultanddangeroustask，hewasdeterminedtofinishit.9．Theterribleshakingofthegroundwoke(wake)upallthepeoplewhowereasleep.10．Thefactory，asisreportedinthelocalnewspapers，willinsistonreformingthepresentsystemwhichhassloweditsdevelopment.Ⅱ.单句改错-10-1．Whileonlineshoppinghaschangedourlife，notallofitseffecthavebeenpositive.effect→effects2．Themanwassleepingdownstairswhiletheearthquakehappened.while→when3．Itwasbothexcitingandfrightenedtobeupthere.frightened→frightening4．Intheearthquake，lions→million5．Theearthquakediddamagefortheareawheremanyhousesfelldownandmanypeopleweretrappedinruins.for→to6．Beforeyouwriteanarticleforanewspaper，itisnecessarytowriteaoutlinefirst.第二个a→anⅠ.课文语法填空依据P26课文内容，在空白处填入1个适合的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AterribleearthquakehitthecityofTangshanonJuly28，1976，inwhichthousandsofpeoplediedandmanywereinjured.Manyhousesfelldownandsandfilledthewells1.insteadofwater.Peopleweregreatly2.shocked(shock)．Alltheelectricityinthecitywascutoffandpeoplebegantowonderhowlongthedisasterwouldlast.Thewholecity3.was_destroyed(destroy)completelyandtheworldseemed4.atitsend.ThepeopleofTangshandidn'tlosehope,because150，000soldiersweresent5.to_help(help)therescueworkers.Thesoldierstriedtheirbesttodigoutthose6.whoweretrapped.Theyalsobuilt7.shelters(shelter)forthesurvivors.Freshwaterwastakentothecitybyeverymeans.8.Slowly(slow)，thecitybegantocomebacktolife.Itwassaidthatbeforethequake，strangethingshadhappenedinthecountryside.Thewaterinthevillagewells9.rose(rise)andfell.Fishjumpedoutoftheponds.Strangenoiseswereheardinthesky，butpeoplethoughtlittleof10.them(they)．Ⅱ.写作改错双练依据提示利用本单元所学知识达成下边的小作文，并更正学生习作。1．一天夜里，全部都开始摇摆起来。(shake)2．水管爆裂，电力中止。(burst；cutoff)3．忧如到了世界末日。(Itseemedasif...；beatanend)-11-4．有些人受伤，