高二英语-虚拟语气的用法

subjunctivemoodGrammar第一页，共26页。第一页，共26页。1.英语动词有三种语气，陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。2.

定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生或可能性比较小的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。一、虚拟语气定义第二页，共26页。第二页，共26页。Q:What’sthedifferencebetweenthetwosentences?IfIamfree,

Iwillvisityou.

IfIwereabird,Iwouldflyintothesky.（虚拟条件句）

(真实条件句）第三页，共26页。第三页，共26页。What

would

youdoifyou

wonthelottery?IfI

won

thelottery,I

would…第四页，共26页。第四页，共26页。IfIwon

thelottery,Iwouldbuyanexpensivecar.(与现在事实相反）第五页，共26页。第五页，共26页。IfIwonthelottery,I

would

buyavilla.（与现在事实相反）第六页，共26页。第六页，共26页。Ifhehadgotupearly,he

wouldnothavebeenlateforschool.（与过去事实相反）如果他早起，他就不会上学迟到。第七页，共26页。第七页，共26页。Ifhe__________（drive)morecarefully,he

_________________(nothave)thecaraccidentyesterday.（与过去事实相反）haddriven

wouldnothavehad

第八页，共26页。第八页，共26页。IfI________(learn)howtoswim,I__________________(be)trappedinthisisland.（与过去事实相反）hadlearntwouldnothavebeen第九页，共26页。第九页，共26页。假如他来了,我们对他说什么呢？Ifheweretocome,whatshouldwesaytohim.假如他看见我,就会认识我。Ifheshouldseeme,hewouldknowme.第十页，共26页。第十页，共26页。一、一般条件句中的虚拟语气时间If条件句主句过去现在

将来第十一页，共26页。第十一页，共26页。一、一般条件句中的虚拟语气时间If条件句主句过去haddonewouldshould+havedonesthcouldmight现在助动词be用were实义动词do用did

wouldshould+dosthcouldmight将来did/wereshoulddoweretodowouldshould+dosthcouldMight第十二页，共26页。第十二页，共26页。IfIwereyou,I____buythehouserightnow.A.won’tB.don’tC.wouldn’tD.can’t2._____morecareful,hisshipwouldnothavesunk.A.IfthecaptainwereB.IfthecaptainhadbeenC.ShouldthecaptainbeD.Ifthecaptainwouldhavebeen3.Ifhe____metomorrow,IwouldlethimknowA.shouldcallB.shouldnothavebeenableC.werenotableD.arenotableBCA第十三页，共26页。第十三页，共26页。二.

名词性从句的虚拟语气。主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。宾语从句。常见动词：一个坚持：insist两个命令：order,command三条建议：advise,suggest,propose四项要求：demand,require,request,ask

这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词使用should+动词原形，或者将should省略。第十四页，共26页。第十四页，共26页。1.我们建议Tom去休息一下。2.他坚决要求我到场。3.国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。4.他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。1.WesuggestedthatTom2.HeinsistedthatIpresent.4.Theyrequestedthatwe3.Thekingorderedthattheprisonersshouldhavearest.(should)beShouldbekilledthenextday.shouldsendthemtoworkthere.第十五页，共26页。第十五页，共26页。2、以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。

order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desireIt’ssuggestedthattheplanbecarriedout.Mydemandisthatsheshouldcometoseemeonceaweek.Allofusarefortheadvicethatthechemicalfactoryshouldbecloseddown.第十六页，共26页。第十六页，共26页。三、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法；1）wish

+宾语从句现在：过去：未来：过去时(did/were)过去完成时(haddone)would/could/might+V.shouldIwishIwereabird.(现在)IwishIhadn’tmadesuchamistake.(过去)Wewishourparentswouldn’tpunishus.(未来)第十七页，共26页。第十七页，共26页。IwishI_____abird.were第十八页，共26页。第十八页，共26页。Iwisheveryday_____mybirthday.were第十九页，共26页。第十九页，共26页。Iwish/wishedI

____________(noteat)somuchwatermelon.hadn’teaten第二十页，共26页。第二十页，共26页。2）wouldratherthat-现在：过去：未来：Iwouldratheryou________(pay)menow.(现在)Iwouldratheryou_______(go)thereyesterday.(过去)Don’tcome.Iwouldratheryou_____(come)tomorrow.(未来)过去时过去时过去完成时paidme

hadgonecame第二十一页，共26页。第二十一页，共26页。3）asif/though+从句现在：过去：过去时过去完成时Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson.Itseemsasifitwerespring.第二十二页，共26页。第二十二页，共26页。4).It’s（high）time+that-should+V.过去时你该走了。我们该睡觉了。It’shightimethatyou

.It’shightimethatyou

.It’stimethatwe

.It’stimethatwe

to

bed.wentshouldgowenttobedshouldgo第二十三页，共26页。第二十三页，共26页。5）Ifonly…(要是…就好了)

IfonlyIknewhisname!Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice!IfonlyIcouldseehimagain!要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。要是我没错过火车就好了！Ifonlyourparentscouldlivewithus!IfonlyIhadn’tmissedthetrain!第二十四页，共26页。第二十四页，共26页。6）It’snecessary/strange/natural/importantapity+that---从句中的动词要用虚拟，即(should)+