文化语境与语言翻译

基本颜色词的语义比较红色汉语中表示红色的词语有四十多个，如杜鹃红，玫瑰红，绛红，紫红，英语表示红色的词语有一百来个，carmine,,['ka:main]深红色；洋红色cardinal红榜鲜红色Honourroll红豆Lovepea鸿运GoodluckRedskyatnight,shepherd’sdelight,Redskyinthemorning,shepherd’swarning.早霞不出门，晚霞行千里。绿色英文中表示“嫉妒，眼红”Red-eyed因眼睛发炎而充血发红红眼病PinkeyesInAmericanpoliticalelectionsthecandidatesthatwinareusuallytheoneswhohavegreenpowerbackingthem.美国常用green代称“钱财，钱票，有经济实力的”在美国政治竞选中获胜的候选人通常都是有财团支持的人物。YoucannotexpectMarytodobusinesswithsuchpeople.Sheisonlyeighteenandasgreenasgrass.还可以表示没有经验，缺乏训练，知识浅薄等。你不能指望玛丽同这样的人做生意，她只有十八岁，还毫无经验。CountonHesaidLadiesandGentleman,Maywealllivetoagreenoldageandbeprosperousandhappy.Agreenoldage比喻幸福的晚年或精神矍铄的晚年。他说-诸位女士、先生祝我们大家都有一个幸福的晚年，富裕而安康。ConnotationmeaningDenotationmeaningSomeonewearsagreenhat.某人戴着一顶绿色的帽子。Didthelawknowthataman’snamewastohimtheappleofhiseye,thatitwasfarhardertoberegardedascuckoldthanasseducer?cuckold['kkId]vt.与…的妻子通奸使其丈夫戴绿帽子n.有不贞妻子的男人seducer[si'dju:s]n.诱惑者；骗子；玩弄女性的人法律难道不了解一个人的名誉是他最宝贵的东西，被认为是戴绿帽子的人比被认为勾引者要难堪得多？denotationmeaningConnotationmeaning黄色pornographictimidcowardascoolasacucumberYellowpages黄页电话簿Heistooyellowtostandupandfight.胆小，卑怯，卑鄙的。Viceassociateprofesser蓝色情绪低落，心情不悦，沮丧，倒霉InabluemoodTohavethebluesByonesurvey,morethan20millionAmericansnowwatchatleastonebluevideoeachweek.据一项调查显示，现在美国二千多万人每周至少观看一部黄色录像片。Purity,innocentWhitecoffeeplain牛奶咖啡Plainboiledwater白开水单纯，不参杂的黑象征死亡，苦难和悲痛。TheblackFriday.Everyonehashiscrosstobear.torture凶险不吉祥的日子。IgotsomeblacklooksfromtheshopkeeperwhenIcancelledmyorder.象征气氛和愤怒。当我撤销我的订单时，店老板对我怒目而视。MrBrownisaverywhiteman.Hewaslookingrathergreentheotherday.Hehasbeenfeelingbluelately.WhenIsawhimhewasinabrownstudy.Ihopehewillsoonbeinthepinkagain.布朗先生是个非常忠实可靠的人。那天，他脸上颇有病容，近来他闷闷不乐,我看到他时他在沉思之中。希望他早日恢复健康。红白喜事Weddingsandfunerals

数字语义的模糊性及其修辞功能semanticmeaningAcrossthestreetonthesideofahousewaspaintedagiantwomanwithafive-footsmileandlongblondhair,holdingoutagiantbottle.街对面房子的墙上有一幅ra街对面房子的墙上有一幅ra大型广告画一位披肩金色长发的女郎，笑容满面，手里拿着一个大瓶子。Emphasisfoucus英语句子一般是前重心，汉语句子则是后重心。Itisatruthuniversallyacknowledgedthatasinglemaninpossessionofagoodfortunemustbeinwantofawife.{J.Austin,PrideandPrejudice凡事有钱的单身汉，总想娶位太太，这是一条举世公认的真理。Thegovernmentisdeterminedtokeepupthepressurewhateverthecostitwillpayintheend.不论最终付出什么代价，政府决定继续施加压力。Theseeconomicfactscannotmerelybedubbed“inflation” asunemploymentbeginstorise,asprofitsstarttofall,