2023年天津宁河县丰台中学高二英语上学期期末试卷含解析

2023年天津宁河县丰台中学高二英语上学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.

Notuntil_____more,_____abletoimprovethesituation.A.doweknow,wewillbe

B.weknow;willwebeC.doweknow;willwebe

D.weknow;wewillbe参考答案：B2.Therewasa_______streamofvisitorstothehouse.A.constant

B.contentC.concrete

D.conservative参考答案：A【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：来访者源源不断地参观这所房子。constant不断的，持续的；content满足的，愿意的，心甘情愿的；concrete具体的，有形的，conservative保守的。aconstant

streamof…意为“源源不断的”，即人群不断的来看房子。分析选项可知A符合题意，故选A项。3.

Ididn’tknowanybodyattheparty,Ihadanicetime. A．Asif

B.Eventhough C．Aslongas

D．Because参考答案：B4.—Thereisaholeinyourbag?—Iknow.I'mgoingtohaveit__________.A.mend

B.mending

C.mended

D.tobemended参考答案：C略5.Ittook_____buildingsuppliestoconstruct(建)theseenergy-savinghouses.Ittookbrains,too.A.otherthan

B.Ratherthan

C.Lessthan

D.morethan.参考答案：D6.Mymoneyis____,soIhavetocallmyparentssayingthatIammissingthem.A.runout

B.usingup

C.runningout

D.runningoutof参考答案：C7.---Howcouldyoutake______possessionoftheoldvaluablehouse?--Itusedtobein________possessionofmyuncle.Heleftittomeinhiswill.A./;the

B.the;/

C./;/

D.the;the参考答案：A考查冠词的用法。——你是怎样拥有这所古老宝贵的房子的？——它过去属于我叔叔。依照的他的遗愿留给了我。take

possession

of“拥有”为固定短语；in

the

possession

of“属于”。根据语境可知，选A。8.—Let’scarryouttheplan.—________Wehadbetterconsideritcarefully.A．Ireallycan’tagreewithyou.B．Agoodidea.C．Goahead.D．Whydon’t?参考答案：A由应答语中的“Wehadbetterconsideritcarefully.”可知此处是表示不同意对方的观点，A项符合语境。9.Youmayfeel_____surprisingthatsuchalittlegirlinthissmalltowncanspeakthreeforeignlanguagesfluently.A.that

B.so

C.it

D.what参考答案：C10.

Intherushhour,hiring________taxiforyoutodowhatyouareeagertodomaybe________betterchoiceinourcity.

A.the;the

B.a;the

C.a;a

D./;a参考答案：C11.---Soyougaveheryourphone?----

,shesaidshewouldreturnittomewhenshecouldaffordone.A.Mypleasure

B.Notexactly

C.Nodoubt

D.Allright参考答案：B12.Ihaven’tbeenaware

hisattitude

mypromation.A.of;towards

B.off;to

C.on;about

D.with;in参考答案：A略13.Sheglancedatmylegs.‘Althoughyoumightwanttowear...somethingabitless____________.’A.revealing B.temporaryC.complicated D.inadequate参考答案：A【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她看了看我的腿，“虽然你也许想穿……不那么暴露的衣服。”A.revealing暴露的；B.temporary临时的；C.complicated复杂的；

D.inadequate不足的。分析句子可知，腿露在外面，说明穿的衣服暴露，less表达没那么，这里“abitlessrevealing”指没那么暴露。故选revealing14.Whentheteachercamein,thestudentspretended_______thetext.A.toread

B.tobereadingC.tohaveread

D.havingread参考答案：B15.The________lookonhisfacetoldusthattheboywas________ofwhathehadseen.A．terrified；terrifiedB．terrified；terrifyingC．terrifying；terrifiedD．terrifying；terrifying参考答案：9.【答案】A句意为：男孩脸上恐惧的表情告诉我们他害怕看到的一切。因“激动、吃惊、害怕”等呈现的面部表情，发出的声音，应用过去分词修饰，故第一个空用terrified；第二个空用terrified做表语，强调小男孩的状态；beterrifiedof...“害怕……”，为固定搭配【解析】16.Theman____onthegroundsaidthathehad____hisbicyclebehindthebigtree.

A.lie;layB.

lying;layC.

lying;laidD.lay;laid参考答案：C二、翻译17.这是我们的朋友经常做出的解释。（putforward）参考答案：

Itisanexplanationoftenputforwardbyourfriend三、阅读理解18.Newresearchaboutmaleguppies,atropicalfishfoundinmostfreshandsaltwaterenvironmentspublishedinthejournalFunctionalEcologysuggeststhatmaleguppiesexposedtohighpredation(捕食行动)levelsoftendeveloplargerbrainsizesthanthoselivinginlow-riskenvironments.Consequently,thedevelopmentoflargerbrainsizesamongthemaleguppypopulationallowsforbetterchancesofsurvivalunderhighpredationconditions.TheteambeganitsresearchinthesouthernCaribbean.Theyconcentratedtheirobservationsonpopulationslocatedintwoindependentrivers.Ineach,theycollectedmaleguppieslivingaboveandbelowthewaterfalls.Asmallamountofpredatorslivedinthewatersabovethewaterfall,thereforethelocalguppypopulationhadevolved(进化)underpredation-poorconditionsintoapredation-poorpopulation.Ontheotherhand,belowthewaterfall,predatorswerefoundtobeincreasing,makingenvironmentdangerous.Scientistsnoticedthatmaleguppieslocatedabovethewaterfallsoftendisplayedonaveragesmallerbrainsizesthanmaleslivingunderthewaterfall.Thenextstepwastofindoutifmaleguppiesfromhigh-predationpopulationonlyhadlargerbrainsasaresultoflongevolutionaryprocessesoradirectresponsetoexposure(暴露)toriskduringdevelopment.Thisquestiontooktheteamawayfromthetropicsandbacktothelaboratory,takingasamplegroupofguppiesoriginatingfromhighpredationgroup.Theseweredividedintotwotestpopulations.Thefirstgroupwasexposedtothesightandsmellofapredatorlivinginanearbyaquariumforfiveminutesatatime,fivetimesaweek.Theotherguppiesservedasacontrolgroupandlivedinnon-predatoryplaces.Theresultsshowedthatmalesexposedtopredatorshave21percentheavierbrainsthanthoseofthecontrolgroup.Maleguppiesaregenerallymorecolor1fulthanfemalesandthusmorelikelytobeexposedtopredationthreats.Theincreaseinintellectcouldoffermalesadvantagessuchastheabilitytodetectandreacttodangerearlier,increasingtheirchancesofsurvival.8.Welearnfromthepassagethat________.A.smarterfishhavebetterchancesofsurvivalB.guppiescan’tsurviveinhighpredatorconditionsC.thesizeofguppieschangeswiththeenvironmentD.largerbrainsonlyresultfromlongevolutionaryprocess9.Thisnewresearchwasdonemainlyby________.A.listingfacts B.analyzingdataC.makingcomparisons D.explainingreasons10.Maleguppiesaremoreeasilyattackedthanfemalesbecauseoftheir________.A.appearance B.behaviorC.lifehistory D.livingenvironment11.Whichofthefollowingproverbsreflectsthefindingsoftheresearch?A.Painpastispleasure.B.Greathopesmakegreatman.C.Whilethereislife,thereishope.D.Stormsmaketreestakedeeperroots.参考答案：8.A

9.C

10.A

11.D本文为说明文。最新研究表明，暴露在高捕食行动下的雄性古比鱼通常比生活在低风险环境中的雄性古比鱼的大脑更大更聪明，他们有更好的生存机会。由此可见，环境愈恶劣，物种的生存能力越强。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段最后“Consequently,thedevelopmentoflargerbrainsizesamongthemaleguppypopulationallowsforbetterchancesofsurvivalunderhighpredationconditions.”及最后一段“Maleguppiesaregenerallymorecolor1fulthanfemalesandthusmorelikelytobeexposedtopredationthreats.Theincreaseinintellectcouldoffermalesadvantagessuchastheabilitytodetectandreacttodangerearlier,increasingtheirchancesofsurvival.”通过这两部分的内容可知，研究发现在高捕食条件下，暴露在高捕