2019年英语新译林选修八（江苏专用）讲义Unit4单元小结

AsaspokesmanofChina'sFilmFestival,IintroducedourfilmfestivalstotheworldandasarepresentativeofChinesefilmsaswell,Iattendedsomeinternationalfilmfestivals.Thefollowingaretheimportantfilmeventsaroundtheworld.TheCannesinternationalFilmFestivalisthelargest,themostfamousandexcitingfestivalthroughouttheglobe.FilmsshownatCannesareoftenmadewithlargebudgets,andhavewell­knownactorsanddirectors.Ifafilmwinshere,everyonewillhearaboutit.Butinrecentyears,ithasbeguntoresembletheAcademyAwardsinHollywood,losingitsedgeasthebestinternationalfilmfestivalintheworldandabroadrangeoffilmsfrommanydifferentcountries.NexttoCannesistheTorontoInternationalFilmFestival.Eachyear,famousactors,actressesanddirectorscometoTorontoandtheentirefilmworldpaysattentiontowhowinshere.TheoldestfilmfestivalontheearthistheVeniceFilmFestival,whichisanannualfestivalthatbeganin1932.Itincludesonlyhigh­qualityfilmsregardlessofwhomakesthemandwithoutanyrestrictionsonthekindsoffilms.ButtheSundanceFilmFestivaldeliberatelyboycottsallHollywoodfilms,whosemaincriterionforbeingincludedisthatthefilmmustbesmall,independentandnotbefinancedbyHollywoodstudios.Theinitialideaforthefestivalwashatchedin1978,butitwasnotwellknownuntil1981whenRobertRedfordbecameitssponsorandchangedthefocustoindependentfilms.HewantedtoexposethepublictofilmsmadeoutsideoftheHollywoodsystemthatordinarypeoplemighthavenoaccesstootherwise.作为中国电影节的发言人，我把中国电影节介绍给世界；作为中国电影的代表，我也参加了一些国际电影节。下面这些就是世界各地重要的电影盛会。戛纳国际电影节是全球最大、最著名、最动人的电影节。在戛纳展示的电影常是投资巨大、拥有著名演员和导演。如果一部电影在这里获奖，世界各地的人们都会知道它。但是近年来，戛纳电影节变得像好莱坞电影艺术节，失去了它全球最好的国际电影节的优势和来自许多不同国家的广泛的电影系列。仅次于戛纳电影节的是多伦多国际电影节。每年著名男女演员和导演汇聚多伦多，届时整个电影界都关注着谁在这儿拿到大奖。世界上最古老的电影节是威尼斯电影节，它创始于1932年，每年举办一次。它只注重电影的高品质，不管创作者是谁，对电影的种类也没有任何限制。但圣丹斯电影节却故意地排斥所有好莱坞电影，其选择的主要标准是：必须小型化、独立制作、不接受好莱坞电影公司的资助。这个电影节最初策划于1978年，但直到1981年，罗伯特·莱特福特赞助它并把重点转向独立电影，它才出名。他想让公众知道好莱坞以外的电影公司制作的电影，否则普通人可能就接触不到。加餐练(一)完形阅读组合练Ⅰ.完形填空Areyoustartingtogetboredwiththemonotony(单调)oflife?Doyoufindyourselfsearchingforsomethingto__1__yourselfupjusttopassthrougheachday?ThatwasthesamethingIwas__2__forquitesometime.ButthatwasonlybeforeIdiscoveredthe__3__ofagoodjoke.Therearesomanytimeswhenyoualwaysfindyourself__4__atagoodjoketoldbyoneofyourfamilymembersor__5__.Indeed,agoodjokewillsurely__6__yourday.Butyoucan'talwaysbewiththepeopleyouloveandtheywon'talwayshavea(n)__7__supplyofnewjokestosharewithyou.Wouldn'titbe__8__ifyouhadagoodsupplyofjokesthatyoucanread,enjoy,andlaughabouteachandeveryday?Thegoodnewsisthattherearemany__9__forgoodjokes.Amore__10__methodwouldbetobuyjokebooks.Butthesewillcostyou__11__andthereisnoassurancethatmostofthejokesinacertainbookwillbe__12__funny.Thatiswhythe__13__wouldbeabettersourceforgoodjokes.Therearethousandsof__14__inwhichyoucanhavefunreadingjokes.Andyouwillnothaveto__15__asinglecentinordertoenjoythese.Allyouneedtodoiscollectacoupleofjokesitesyou__16__like.Thenbeforeyouleavehomeorwhenyougettoschoolorwork,youcan__17__ajokeortwo.Trustme;thiswillworkwondersinbrighteningupyourday.Agood__18__willhelpyougetoutofabadmoodandwillmakeyoumore__19__andlively.Andifyoumemorizeacoupleofthesejokes,youcan__20__themwithyourlovedonesaswell.Sharesomejoyandlaughterwithothersbytellingjokesyougetfromonlineblogstoday.语篇解读：生活中我们难免会感到单调乏味，一个笑话，会让你开心，忘掉忧愁。1．A.pick B．putC．give D．cheer解析：选D根据语境可知，这里是指让自己快乐起来。cheerup“(使)高兴起来，(使)振作起来”。与第一句的“getbored”形成对比。2．A.makingup B．goingthroughC．pickingout D．agreeingwith解析：选B根据空后的转折可知，此处指作者以前也经历了(goingthrough)同样的事情(苦寻让自己开心快乐的办法，来度过每一天)。3．A.power B．costC．risk D．supply解析：选A从上文中的“Doyoufindyourselfsearchingforsomethingto__1__yourselfupjusttopassthrougheachday”可知，一个好笑话能够让人快乐起来，本空处指一个好笑话的力量(power)。4．A.wondering B．laughingC．estimating D．guessing解析：选B联系语境可知，此处指听了家人讲的笑话发笑。laughat“笑，发笑”。5．A.friends B．strangersC．enemies D．competitors解析：选A根据下文中的“thepeopleyoulove”可知，这里是指家人和朋友(friends)。6．A.occupy B．threatenC．control D．brighten解析：选D最后一段中的“brighteningupyourday”是提示。故此处选D项。7．A.limited B．smallC．endless D．cheap解析：选C此处表示他们不可能总有不断的(endless)新笑话来和你分享。8．A.dull B．tiringC．nice D．proper解析：选C结合空后的“ifyouhadagoodsupplyofjokesthatyoucanread,enjoy,andlaughabouteachandeveryday”可知，如果我们有取之不尽的笑话，那会是件好事。9．A.explanations B．sourcesC．examples D．concerns解析：选B本空后谈论的是笑话的来源，第四段中的“abettersource”也是提示，故选B项。10．A.different B．expensiveC．traditional D．personal解析：选C根据常识和下文的对比可知，买笑话书是传统的(traditional)办法。11．A.time B．energyC．money D．fortune解析：选C根据空前的“buy”和下文中的“asinglecent”可知，此处是指笑话书需要花钱(money)购买。12．A.really B．stillC．also D．scarcely解析：选A此处指并不能保证某本书里大多数笑话是真正地(really)有趣。13．A.newspaper B．InternetC．magazine D．radio解析：选B根据下文中的“collectacoupleofjokesites”和“tellingjokesyougetfromonlineblogs”的提示可知，一个更好的来源就是互联网(Internet)。14．A.advertisements B．videosC．papers D．blogs解析：选D根据最后一段中的“onlineblogs”可知答案。15．A.receive B．changeC．earn D．pay解析：选D通过与上文买笑话书的对比和常识可知，通过网络看一些笑话是不用付费(pay)的。16．A.seldom B．sometimesC．especially D．accidentally解析：选C你要做的就是收集一些你特别喜欢的网站。这里用especially加以强调。17．A.create B．readC．consider D．comment解析：选B在你离开家之前或者到学校或办公室时，你可以读(read)一两段笑话。18．A.joke B．bookC．story D．job解析：选A一个好笑话(joke)能够帮你摆脱坏心情。19．A.confident B．famousC．patient D．energetic解析：选D联系本空后面并列的形容词lively可知，好的笑话会让你更加充满活力(energetic)。20．A.share B．helpC．leave D．bring解析：选A根据最后一句的提示可以确定本空选share，表示与你爱的人分享(share)这些笑话。Ⅱ.阅读理解CaptainHenry,a98­year­oldAmericanretiredfisherman,hasbecomeafirst­timeauthor,havingwrittenandpublishedhisautobiographyInaFisherman'sLanguageafterlearningtoreadattheageof91.Mr.Henryspentmostofhislifewithoutevenhisclosestfamilymembersknowinghewasilliterate(不识字的).Forcedtoquitschoolinthethirdgradetotakeoddjobs,hekeptthesecretclosetohischest,onlytellinghislatewife.Henry'sgranddaughter,Marlisa,toldreportershowheusedtricks,likewaitingforotherstoorderatrestaurantsfirst,toavoidtheissue.Afamilydisputeinhisnineties,shesaid,arousedhisdesireforeducation.“Hesignedadocumenthecouldnotreadaboutwherehewasgoingtolive，”Marlisasaid.Startingwithhisname,heeventuallymovedontotheABC'sandchildren'sbooks.Heputthemdownsincehiswifefellill.Afterthetragiclossofhiswife,hewentbacktoreadingandbegantologhislife.Hewroteabouthisfamily'svoyagefromPortugaltotheUS,howhewentontocaptainaboat,andhismanyjourneysatsea.Hislifestorieshavebecomesopopularthatnearly800copiesweresoldinthefirsttwoweeksafterthebook'srelease.OnethousandmorehavebeenprintedasrequestsforthebookfloodinasfarasGermany.AndnowevenHollywoodproducershaveapproachedMr.Henryaboutbuyingtherightstohislifestoriesforabigscreenadaptation.Thefamilyalsonowhasabookagentandadealintheworkstopublishasecondedition.Meanwhile,thefamilysaystheyarereconnectingandcloserthaneverasaresultofHenry'slate­lifeefforts.“Everyonehasastory，”Marlisasaid.“Itteachesthatwhenyou'redownandout,nevergiveup.”语篇解读：一位老人90多岁开始认字并且出版了自己的作品。他的故事向我们传递了一个信息——人应该活到老学到老。1．WhendidHenrybeginwritinghislifestory?A．Whenhewas91yearsold.B．Afterhiswifepassedaway.C．Whenhewas98yearsold.D．Afterheretiredfromwork.解析：选B细节理解题。由第三段的倒数第二句可知，Henry是在妻子死后开始记录他的生活的。2．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A．AHollywoodproducerwishestomakeamovieoutofHenry'sbook.B．Henrynevertoldanyonethathecouldn'treadorwrite.C．Henrybeganhisreadingwithsomefamousnovels.D．Henry'sbookwaswell­receivedonlybyAmericans.解析：选A正误判断题。由第四段的最后一句可知，好莱坞想要把他的作品搬上银幕。3．HowdidHenry'sfamilybenefitfromhiswriting?A．Thefamilygotmoremoneyfromthe2ndedition.B．Thefamilytieswererebuiltandstrengthened.C．HisfamilymovedfromPortugaltotheUS.D．Hisfamilystoryhasbeenmadeintoamovie.解析：选B细节理解题。由最后一段的第二句可知，由于Henry晚年的努力，他的家人重新团结起来了，而且关系也更亲近了。4．WhatmessagecanHenry'sstorygiveus?A．Greatmindsthinkalike.B．Everycoinhastwosides.C．Practicemakesperfect.D．Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.解析：选D推理判断题。Henry90多岁开始学习认字，最后出版了自己的作品并且受到好莱坞制片人的青睐。他的生活经历向我们传递了一个信息——活到老学到老。加餐练(二)失分题型强化练Ⅰ.任务型阅读Yourlifeiscomposedofallthelittlethingsweexperienceeveryday,andknowinghowtofindjoyinsomeofthoselittlethingsisoneoftheeasiestwaystolethappinessslowlyfillyourcup.Inorderforthattohappen,youneedtodotwoverysimplethings:putyourselfinsuchsituationsthatyoucanexperiencehappinessthere,andthenfindawaytosavourtheexperienceandletitsinkintoyou.Toputyourselfinthepositionofexperiencinghappinesseveryday,LahnaCatalino,Ph.D.,attheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,recommendsanapproachcalled“prioritizingpositivity”—organizingyourday­to­daylifeonpurposesothatitcontainssituationswhichnaturallygiverisetopositiveemotions.Itinvolvesbothcarvingouttimeinyourdailyroutinetodothingsthatyoureallyloveandheavilyweighingthepositiveemotionalconsequencesofmajorlifedecisions,liketakinganewjob,andyouwillregularlyfindyourself.Thenhowcanwefindawaytosavourthehappyexperienceandletitsinkintoyou?HereiswhatpsychologistRickHanson,theauthorofBuddha'sBrainexplains.Letagoodfactbecomeagoodexperience.Oftenwegothroughlifeandsomegoodthinghappens—alittlething,likewecheckedoffanitemonourToDolist,wesurvivedanotherdayatwork,theflowersareblooming,andsoforth.Hey,thisisanopportunitytofeelgood.Don'tleavemoneylyingonthetable:Recognizethatthisisanopportunitytoletyourselftrulyfeelgood.Reallyenjoythispositiveexperience.Practicewhatanyschoolteacherknows:Ifyouwanttohelppeoplelearnsomething,makeitasintenseaspossible—inthiscase,asfeltinthebodyaspossible—foraslongaspossible.Whensinkingintothisexperience,senseyourintentionthatthisexperienceissinkingintoyou.Sometimespeopledothisthroughvisualization,likebysensingagoldenlightcomingintothemselvesorasoothingbalminsidethemselves.Youmightimagineajewelgoingintothetreasurechestinyourheart—orjustknowthatthisexperienceissinkingintoyou,becomingaresourceyoucantakewithyounomatterwhereyougo.Itmightseemalittlecliche(陈词滥调)tosay“stopandsmelltheroses”，butit'smomentslikethosethatcanbestoredinyourhappinessbankandwithdrawnlater.Livingahappylifecanbeassimpleasacceptingthehappinessthat'salreadyaroundyou.Ifyouwantmore,it'sOKtogooutandachieveit,butdon'tforgetwherehappinessreallycomesfrom.Let(1)_______ComeNaturallyWiththe“LittleThings”(2)______tolethappinesscomeyourway·Putyourselfinsituations(3)________youexperiencehappiness.·Findawaytosavourtheexperienceandletitsinkintoyou.Giving(4)________topositivethings·Organizeyoureverydaylife(5)________toexperiencepositiveemotions.·(6)________yourtimetodothingsyouloveaswellasheavilyweighingthepositiveemotionalconsequences.Enjoyingtheexperienceandlettingitsinkintoyou·Letagoodfactbecomeagoodexperiencesothatyouhavethe(7)________tofeelgood.·Reallyenjoythepositiveexperienceaslongaspossible.·Whensinkingintothisexperience,be(8)________ofyourintentionsothatitbecomesaresourcetotakewithyouwhereveryougo.(9)________·Happymomentslike“stopandsmelltheroses”are(10)______．·Livingahappylifecanbeassimpleasacceptingthehappinessalreadyaroundyou.答案：1.Happiness2.How/Ways3.where4.priority5．deliberately/intentionally/purposely6.Spare/Squeeze7．opportunity/chance8.aware/conscious9．Conclusion(s)/Summary10.memorable/lasting/unforgettable/impressive