中考英语冲刺语法专题突破-介词 练习

中考冲刺语法专题突破——介词命题点1时间介词辨析表示时间“在……时”，at/in/on区别：▲at：接具体几点钟、黎明，中午、午夜、日出、日落等。atdawn在黎明atdaybreak/sunrise/sunset在黎明/日出/日落atnoon/night/midnight在中午/晚上/午夜atthattime在那时atthemoment在此刻attheweekend在周末▲in：接世纪、年份、月份、季节；泛指的上下午、晚上等。 inthe21stcentury在21世纪 in2023在2023年inspring/summer/autumn/winter在春天/夏天/秋天/冬天 inthedaytime/morning/afternoon/evening在白天/早上/下午/晚上inthreedays三天后（in+时间段——将来时）▲on：接特定的上下午晚上（与in区分！）；星期几、几月几号或节日前。 onMonday/Tuesday在周一/周二 onJune1st,2019在2019年6月1日onawarmspringmorning在春天一个暖和的早晨onweekdays在工作日onthemorningofMarch21st在三月21日的早上注意：在this,last,next,every等词前面不能再加介词，如：thisafternoon今天下午lastFriday上周五nextSunday下周日everyMonday每周一【即时训练】用in/on/at填空I'llbeathome___________Sundaymorning.Youcanphonemethen.Weusuallyhavethefirstclass____________8：00a．m.Thisdiscoverydiscovery:n.发现issaidtobethemostamazingone_____________the21stdiscovery:n.发现Itisstrangestrange:adj.奇怪的strange:adj.奇怪的Iseldomdrivetocompanycompany:n.公司；陪伴company:n.公司；陪伴Myyoungerbrotherwasplayingthepiano________thattime.I'mgoingout.I'llbeback__________anhour.Healwaysdoesapart-timejob__________thedaytime.Theywenthikinghiking:n.远足hiking:n.远足命题点2其他常考时间介词辨析▲表示“在一段时间之后”时，in&after的区别in+时间段：用于将来时：MybrotherwillbebackfromRomeinafewdays.我哥哥几天后从罗马回来。after+时间段：用于过去时：Wefinishedtheworkaftertwodays.我们两天后完成了工作。▲表示“延续性的一段时间”时，for与since的区别（常用于完成时） for+时间段：WehavelivedinShenzhenfortenyears.我们已经在深圳住了十年。 since+时间点：Shehasbecomealawyersince2020.她自2020年开始就是个律师。▲during+时间段：表示“在……期间”，如：duringthewar在战争期间 duringtheepidemic在疫情期间 ▲by+时间点，表示“到……为止”，（常用于完成时）如：Itwillbecoolbytomorrowmorning.到明天早上就会变凉快。Wehadlearned1,500wordsbylastmonth.到上个月为止，我们已学了1500个词。▲till/until+时间点，表示“直到……”/“直到……才”，具体用法：①在否定句中：“not...until...”表示“直到...才”，谓语动词用短暂性动词，如：Shedoesn’tfallasleepuntil11o’clock.她直到11点才睡着。②在肯定句中：表示“直到……为止”为止，谓语动词用延续性动词，如：Youmustwaituntil11o’clock.你必须等到11点钟为止。【即时训练】用in/on/at/during/until/by/for/since/after填空Helefthomeandwenttothenorth_____________twodays.Myfatherwillbebackfromabroad__________threemonths.Peopleallwearmasksmask:n.口罩______________theepidemicmask:n.口罩epidemic:n.疫情Ellawassoenergeticenergetic:adj.充满活力的(energy:n.能量)energetic:adj.充满活力的(energy:n.能量)Itwillbecool_______________tomorrowmorning.Soyou’dbettertakeyourcoat.Look!Mr.Linhasbeenwaiting_____________tenhours.COVID-19(新冠)hasspreadspread:v./n.蔓延spread:v./n.蔓延Wehadmemorizedmemorize：v.记住(memory:n.记忆力)1,500words_____________theendoflasttermmemorize：v.记住(memory:n.记忆力)term:n.学期；术语命题点3地点、方位介词辨析表示“在……（地方）”时，at与in的区别：▲at+小地点（如：家、车站、门口等），如：athome在家/atthestation在车站▲in+大地点（如：国家、城市、乡村等），如：inChina在中国intheworld在世界上inthevillage在村庄表示两地位置相对时，at/in/on的区别：in:表在范围之内：GuangdongliesinthesoutheastofChina.广东在中国东南部。on:表两地接壤（贴贴）：GuangxiliesonthewestofGuangdong.广西在广东的西部。to:表在范围之外，且不接壤：JapanliestotheeastofChina.日本在中国的东边。over,under,on,beneath,below,above(表“上下关系”)介词含义与用法例句over“在...正上方”，两者不接触Wecanbuildabridgeovertheriver.我们可以在河上建一座桥。under“在...正下方”，两者不接触Mycatislyingunderthechair.我的猫猫躺在椅子下。on“在...上方”，指与物体表面接触Jim’sglassesareonhisdesk.Jim的眼镜在书桌上。beneath“在...下方”，指与物体表面接触Beneaththeblanketisarabbit.在毯子下面有一只兔子。below“在...下方”，两者不接触，不一定垂直Thetemperatureisbelowzero.温度在零度以下。above“在...上方”，两者不接触，不一定垂直Theplaneisflyingabovetheforest.飞机在森林上空飞行。near,beside,nextto,behind介词用法例句near在……附近Myhomeisneartheschool.beside在……旁边Comeandsitbesidemesowecantalk.nextto紧靠着...紧挨着...Thesupermarketisnexttothepostoffice.behind在……后面LiLeiisstandingbehindme.表示运动方向或目的的介词：through;across;along;over;to;towards;for▲“穿过”：through表示空间上“穿过”；across表示“穿过”物体表面或横过▲over在物体的上方“超过”▲along表示“沿着”，如：walkalongthestreet沿着这条街一直走▲to表示动作的目的地；towards指“朝向”，无到达的意思，for表示前往目的地，连用的动词有leavefor出发去,setoutfor动身去……,headfor去…,sailfor船开向……等between&among：都表示“在……之间”①between:用于在两者之间，固定搭配为“between...and...”②among:用于（三者以上）之间，如：Therearesometalentsamongthesegirls.在这些女孩中，有一些天才。infrontof（在外部的前面）&inthefrontof（在内部的前面）【即时训练】用across/over/behind/on/in/to/under/beneath/above/along/beside/nextto/through/between/among/infrontof/inthefrontof填空Don’tsayanythingbadaboutothers___________theirback.It’simpoliteimpolite:adj.不礼貌的(polite:礼貌的)impolite:adj.不礼貌的(polite:礼貌的)Look!Thepicture____________thewallisamazing!Theairplaneisflying______________theforest.Therearesomechildrenstanding____________thetree.Trade

trade:n.贸易_________________thetwocountrieshasincreasedtrade:n.贸易increase:v.增加Youmustn’tgo____________theroadwhenthetrafficlightisred.Walk___________thestreetandturnleftatthefirstcrossroadcrossroad:n.路口crossroad:n.路口Athiefclimbed_______________thewindowandstolestole:v.偷(steal的过去式)stole:v.偷(steal的过去式)Iwenttothecinematowatchthelatestlatest:adj.最新的latest:adj.最新的Thecanalcanal:n.运河wasbuilt

________________canal:n.运河_____________allthesportsstars,heisthemostoutstanding(出色的)one.Ourheadteacherisstanding_________________(infrontof/inthefrontof)theclassroom.命题点4方式介词辨析介词用法例句byby+交通工具Heoftengoestoschoolbybike.by+V-ing形式，表示“通过...方式”HelearnsEnglishbylisteningtotheradio.他通过听收音机来学英语。inin+语言/语调/颜色PleasesayitinChinese.请用中文说。Don’tspeakinaloudvoice.请勿大声喧哗。in...way表示“用……方式”inthisway用这种方式indifferentways用不同方式on在网络/收音机/电视/电话Helistenstomusicontheradio.with表示“用”某种工具或身体的某一部位或器官，伴随Rubthewindowwithapieceofcloth.用一块布擦窗户。without表示“没有”Withoutyourhelp,Icouldn’tfinishthetask.【即时训练】用in/on/by/with/without填空It’snotsafesafe:adj.安全的(safety:n.安全)safe:adj.安全的(safety:n.安全)Pleaseintroduceintroduce:v.介绍(introduction:n.介绍)introduce:v.介绍(introduction:n.介绍)We’dbetterhandlehandle:v.处理(==dealwith解决==tackle解决)thisproblem____________apeacefulhandle:v.处理(==dealwith解决==tackle解决)peaceful:adj.和平的(peace:n.和平)WeChineseoftenhavemeals___________chopstickschopsticks:n.筷子chopsticks:n.筷子Monicaintendstointendto:计划做……(==wantto/plantodo...计划做)improveintendto:计划做……(==wantto/plantodo...计划做)improve:v.提高It’smoreconvenientconvenient:adj.方便的(convenience:n.便利)convenient:adj.方便的(convenience:n.便利)Humanbeingscannotlive_____________airandwater.命题点5其他介词辨析介词含义及用法例句about“关于”Couldyoutellmeaboutyourlife？你能说说你的生活吗？“大约”Thenumberoftheclassisabout50.学生大约50个。for给...,对...而言,为了...Letmedoitforyou.让我为你做这件事。from来自...；从……；以...起始befrom=comefrom来自of属于...的，表示“...的数量或种类”Itwasbeginningofthenewterm.这是新学期的开始。like“像...一样”，其实不是事实Helookslikeasuperstar.他像一个超级巨星。as“作为...,以...身份”，表事实Letmespeaktoyouasafriend.让我以朋友身份和你说beyond超出，在...较远的那一边Thisexercisewasbeyondtheabilitiesofmostofthestudents.这份练习远远超过了绝大多数学生的能力。except“除了……”Shepunishedeveryoneexceptme.她罚了所有人，除了我。against表示“对抗”Ourteamplayedagainstyoursandwewon.我们队和你们打比赛，然后我们赢了。表示“反对”Iamagainstheropinions.我不同意她的观点。表示“违背”Hisbehaviorgoesagainstouragreement.他的行为违背了我们的约定。by表示“在……边上”Helivesbytheriver.他住在河边。around表示“周围”、“大约”Theywalkedaroundthelake.他们绕着这条河走。【即时训练】用except/beyond/for/to/as/of/from/behind/against/by/like/around填空Weallhaveaparttoplayinthefight_____________crimecrime:n.犯罪(criminal:n.罪犯)crime:n.犯罪(criminal:n.罪犯)—Louise,youaretheonlyonewhogotfullpointinthefinalexam!—Really?Itis____________myexpectationexpectation:n.预料，预期(expect:v.期望)expectation:n.预料，预期(expect:v.期望)___________astudent,youshouldfocusonfocuson:集中注意力于……(==concentrateon...)focuson:集中注意力于……(==concentrateon...)Betty,thegirlwhoiswearingadress,isafriend___________mine.Thelittlegirlisdancing__________aprincess.Ican’tseeLucybecausesheis______________thetree.Somestudentswork__________waitersaftergraduationgraduation:n.毕业(graduate:v.毕业)graduation:n.毕业(graduate:v.毕业)Dearmom,happybirthday!Thisblueberrycakeis___________you.—AretheyFrench?—No,mostofthestaffstaff:n.员工staff:n.员工Eatingtoomuchjunkfoodisbad___________yourhealth.Ilikeallthesubjects,__________physics.Letmeshowyou___________thecity.综合练习Onsunnydays,mygrandmaoftenreadsanovel______________thewindow.

A.by B.for C.with D.fromBeijingExpo2019openedtothepublic________29thApril.Itwilllastoverfivemonths.

A.at B.in C.on D.of—IwanttowatchTVthewholedayafterthelongjourneyjourney:n.旅程.

—Youshouldn’twatchTVtoomuch.It’sbad_________youreyes.

A.on B.in C.for journey:n.旅程Thehighspeedtrain________QingdaoandBeijingtravelsfasternow.Thetrainridetakesonly3hours.

A.from B.among C.in D.betweenHewrotehisphonenumber__________apieceofpaper.

A.on B.for C.in D.fromTomygreatjoy,myfamilyisalways________mewhateverIdecidetodo.

A.behind B.to C.from D.againstWeplantedsomeflowers___________thegardenyesterday.

A.on B.to C.in D.ofThisstoryis_________simpleEnglish.Mylittlesistercanreadit.

A.for B.in C.with D.byIthinkteawilltastebetter_________somemilkinit.

A.for B.with C.from D.at—ShallIhelpyougo_________thestreet,Grandpa?—No,thanks.Icanmanagemanage:v.设法成功做……；管理itbymyself.

A.on B.over C.across manage:v.设法成功做……；管理Johnoftentakesawalk__________hisgrandpaafterdinner.

A.to B.for C.along D.withMyEnglishteacheralwayscomesintotheclassroom_______asmile.

A.by B.for C.on D.with---Isthatyourheadmaster?---Youmeantheman_______blue?

A.on B.with C.in D.byHumanscannotmakeprogressMakeprogress:取得进步___________dreams.

A.with B.without C.through Makeprogress:取得进步XinhuaZidian，ortheNewChineseDictionary，wasfirstpublishedpublish:v.出版______1953.

A．on B．in C．at pub