虚拟语气的用法及经典练习题

.虚拟语气

.概应条在真条状从中用真条件状从与真条状从(I用法及词形式从句

主句与现在实反

If+语+did

主+should/would/..word..

..（be动词were）与过去实反

If+主语+haddone

主语+

should/would/could/might+havedone与将来实反例：

1.If+主语+did2.If+主语+were3.If+主语+should

主+should/would/表与在实反情：

II

()I

2表示与去实反情

Ia表示对来况主推，将事相

例I

4时虚拟条句，果句条从的语作不同发时..word..

..虚语气的式作应调。①句的动与去实反主的动作现或在在生事不atI

②句的动与在实反而句动与去实符。

5当拟件的语词有were,，if可省，时件句用装序即将were,had等置句这多用于面。

6非实件中条从有不达来只含副、介词语上文其他方表出，种子做在语中，….,butfor….等

含条件句，多情下条会含

I’t

有时，拟件中主从可省其的个来示说话的种烈感情①略句②略句I虚语的他法用wish后的宾从..word..

..

现在

过去式I

过去Ihad

had+done将来

should/would+

动词原Ishouldhave(注：ifonly和asif/as也相用）用在目状语从句中1.在forfearthat,incase,lest引导从中，若虚语时，从谓为should+动词形并should不省ae

在sothat,inorderthat所导目状从中从中谓为can/may/could/mightwillwould/should+动词形a其他用、一想(desire)二宁(prefer)三命令(order,mand)四建(advice.Suggest,propose)五求(demand,require,requestdesire,insist)中，论主谓动为种态从句谓动都

should+动词原形

”只“

动词原

suggested(should)takeinsisted(should)take(should)takeordered(should)take’sinsist如果翻译坚某动才虚语；译坚某观点不虚语。

suggest为“议”才虚语，意“暗”则不用虚语。

表绪.观点的容或词要虚语.如necessary、impossible..word..

..natural、strangepity等句：is.......that+主从，从的语词要should+原或只动原。在evenif,eventhough所引的步语句，用拟气，句从的结与if引的条从结相e

在whatever，whichever，whenever，whoever,wherever，however,nomatterwh-word等导让状从中从虚语结为may+动词形I

+完式：

一wouldrather,hadrather,wouldsooner等之的语句表与观实相的种望故用拟气其拟气结为);:)

hadseen昨天werehere现’dhere明天虚拟气可在语句，示“早做事了时定从中谓动词用拟气其拟气结为Itis(high/timethat+主语+动词过去式/should+动词原

即从用拟过式

简单中虚语would/could/might/should+动词形may+语+动词形

）词形of）惯达常的拟气①提出请或请②陈自的点看法I告建’d

③提劝..word..

.a

.④提出问。⑤表示过情的备，常虚语。虚语的结为

情态动+have+过去分

。

省略虚拟件句省略连if

it’t,I…)省略条句的主语和后的动be…)省略“it+be”I…)省略整条件从句

…IfI在含条件中的法’t..word..

..

I

e

eusI

虚拟语气练习题1.Ienjoyedthemovieverymuch.IwishI_____thebookfromwhichitwasmade.A.havereadB.hadreadC.shouldhavereadD.arereading2.Youarelate.Ifyou_____afewminutesearlier,you_____him.A.e;wouldmeetB.hade;wouldhavemetC.e;willmeetD.hade;wouldmeet3.Thetwostudentstalkedasifthey_____friendsforyears.A.shouldbeB.wouldbeC.havebeenD.hadbeen..word..

..4.ItisimportantthatI_____withMr.Williamsimmediately.A.speakB.spokeC.willspeakD.tospeak5.Helookedasifhe_____illforalongtime.A.wasB.wereC.hasbeenD.hadbeen6.Ifthedoctorhadeearlier,thepoorchildwouldnot_____.A.havelaidtherefortwohoursB.havebeenliedtherefortwohoursC.haveliedtherefortwohoursD.havelaintherefortwohours7.IwishthatI_____withyoulastnight.A.wentB.couldgoC.havegoneD.couldhavegone8.Let’ssayyoucouldgothereagain,how_____feel?A.willyouB.shouldyouC.wouldyouD.doyou..word..

..9.Ican’tstandhim.Healwaystalksasthoughhe_____everything.A.knewB.knowsC.hasknownD.hadknown10._____thefog,weshouldhavereachedourschool.A.BecauseofB.InspiteofC.IncaseofD.Butfor11.Ifyouhadtoldmeinadvance,I_____himattheairport.A.wouldmeetB.wouldhadmetC.wouldhavemetD.wouldhavemeet12.Mikecantakehiscarapartandputitbacktogetheragain.Icertainlywishhe_____mehow.A.teachesB.willteachC.hastaughtD.wouldteach13.Iwouldhavetoldhimtheanswerhaditbeenpossible,butI_____sobusythen.A.hadbeenB.wereC.wasD.wouldbe14.He’sworkinghardforfearthathe_____...word..

..A.shouldfallbehindB.fellbehindC.mayfallbehindD.wouldfallenbehind15.Ifit_____anothertenminutes,thegamewouldhavebeencalledoff.A.hadrainedB.wouldhaverainedC.haveseenD.rained16.Hesuggestedthatthey_____useatrickinsteadoffighting.A.shouldB.wouldC.doD.had17.MyfatherdidnotgotoNewYork;thedoctorsuggestedthathe_____there.A.notwentB.won’tgoC.notgoD.nottogo18.IwouldhavegonetothemeetingifI_____time.A.hadhadB.havehadC.hadD.wouldhavehad19.WouldyouratherI_____buyinganewbike?A.decidedagainstB.willdecideagainstC.havedecidedD.shalldecideagainst..word..

..20.Youlooksotiredtonight.Itistimeyou_____.A.gotosleepB.wenttosleepC.gotobedD.wenttobed21.didn’tyoubuyanewcar?—IwouldhaveboughtoneifI_____enoughmoney.A.hadB.havehadC.wouldhaveD.hadhad22.Ifshecouldsew,_____.A.shemakeadressB.shewouldhavemadeashirtC.shewillmakeashirtD.shewouldhadmadeacoat23._____today,hewouldgettherebyFriday.A.WouldheleaveB.WasheleavingC.WerehetoleaveD.Ifheleaves24.Hisdoctorsuggestedthathe_____ashorttripabroad.A.willtakeB.wouldtakeC.takeD.took..word..

..25.TheBakersarrivedlastnight.Ifthey’donlyletusknowearlier,_____atthestation.A.we’dmeetthemB.we’llmeetthemC.we’dhavemetthemD.we’vemetthem26.IfI_____you,I_____moreattentiontoEnglishidiomsandphrases.A.was;shallpayB.am;willpayC.wouldbe;wouldpayD.were;wouldpay27.Wemighthavefailedifyou_____usahelpinghand.A.havenotgivenB.wouldnotgiveC.hadnotgivenD.didnotgive28.Thelawrequiresthateveryone_____hiscarcheckedatleastonceayear.A.hasB.hadC.haveD.willhave29.Itisstrangethathe_____so.A.wouldsayB.wouldspeakC.shouldsayD.willspeak30.HadIknownhername,_____..word..

..A.ordoessheknowmine?B.andwheredoesshelive?C.shewouldbebeautiful.D.Iwouldhaveinvitedhertolunch.31.Hehasjustarrived,buthetalksasifhe_____allaboutthat.A.knowB.knowsC.knownD.knew32.IfI_____themoney,Iwouldhaveboughtamuchbiggercar.A.possessedB.ownedC.hadD.hadhad33.Hewasverybusyyesterday;otherwise,he_____tothemeeting.A.wouldeB.cameC.wouldhaveeD.wille34.ThelibrarianinsiststhatJohn_____nomorebooksfromthelibrarybeforehereturnsallthebookshehasborrowed.A.willtakeB.tookC.takeD.takes35.Ileftveryearlylastnight,butIwishI_____soearly.A.didn’tleaveB.hadn’tleft..word..

..C.haven’tleftD.couldn’tleave36.Idonothaveajob.IwouldfindonebutI_____notime.A.hadB.didn’thaveC.hadhadD.have37.Iwishthatyou_____suchabadheadachebecauseI’msurethatyouwouldhaveenjoyedtheconcert.A.hadn’tB.didn’thavehadC.hadn’thadD.hadn’thave38.Heinsistedthatweall_____inhisofficeatoneo’clock.A.beB.tobeC.wouldbeD.shallbe39.Helencouldn’tgotoFranceafterall.That’stoobad.I’msureshewouldhaveenjoyeditif_____.A.she’sgoneB.she’llgoC.she’dgoneD.she’dgo40.Imustgothereearlier.JohnhassuggestedthatI_____anhourbeforethediscussionbegins...word..

..A.goB.shallgoC.willgoD.wouldgo1—5BBDAD6—10DDCAD11CDCAA—20ACAAD21—25DBCCC26—30DCCCD31DDCCB—40DCACD解析：1.wish后面用虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反用过去完成时。2.条件句表示与过去事实相反用过去将来完成时用过去完成时。3.asif后面如果表示真实情况就不用虚拟。4.Itisimportantthat是主语从句的虚拟语气，从句用sb.shoulddo的形式。5.asif后面是真实情况，不虚拟。6.lain是lie的过去分词，表示“躺”。7.couldhavedone表示“本来可以”。8.与将来相反的虚拟语气，主句用过去将来时。9.asif表示不可能发生的事情时用虚拟语气。10.butfor示“要不是……的话”，通常与虚拟语气搭配使用。11.inadvance表示“事先”，表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。..word..

..12.wish的宾语从句表示发生在将来的愿望用过去将来时。13.but的并列句表示真实情况，不用虚拟语