人教版高一英语必修四

人教版高一英语必修四第1页/共63页Wordspreviewchemicalproductionbacteriapestnutritionmineraldiscoveryadj.化学的;关于化学的n.生产;制造n.细菌n.害虫;害兽;害鸟n.营养;滋养;食物n.矿物;矿石n.发现;发觉第2页/共63页focussoilreducerootskimunderlinesummarycommentn.焦点;中心点vt.集中;聚焦n.土壤vt.减少;减缩n.根;根源vt.浏览;略读vt.画底线标出;强调n.总结;摘要;概要n.评论;议论vi.&vt.表达意见;

做出评论第3页/共63页Expressionspreviewbuildupleadtofocusonkeep…freefrom/of逐渐增强;建立;开发导致;造成(后果)集中(注意力,精力等)于使…免受(影响,伤害等)；使…不含(有害物)第4页/共63页Itisfertilizer.

Whatisthesubstanceweputonthesoiltomakecropsgrow?第5页/共63页Howmanykindsoffertilizersdofarmersuse?Therearetwokinds.Theyarechemicalfertilizersandnaturalones.第6页/共63页OrganicFarming第7页/共63页chemicalfertilizer

cowdung用化学肥料和有机肥料的区别:第8页/共63页ReadingCHEMICALORORGANICFARMING?第9页/共63页Chemicalfertilizerscancausemanyproblems,soorganicfarmingisbecomingmorepopular.Organicfarmingmeansgrowingcropswithnaturalfertilizer.Theorganicfarmerskeepthesoilrichandhealthy.Themainideaofthetext:FastReading第10页/共63页Long-termuseofchemicalfertilizerscancausedamagetothelandandpeople’shealth.Problemscausedbychemicalfertilizers.Themain

ideaofeachparagraphP1.P2.Farmersandcustomersturntoorganicfarming.Othermethodstokeepthesoilfertile.

P3.P4.第11页/共63页Chemicalfertilizer

NotgoodforthesoilorthewatersupplyThesoilgetsexhausted.KillbothhelpfulandharmfulbacteriaandpestsCarefulReading第12页/共63页Chemical

farming

advantages

problems

cause

stopcropdisease

increase

productiondamagethelandby

killing…affect

cropsby

staying…leadtocancer/illnessesby

building

up…have

lessnutritionbygrowingtoofast第13页/共63页Organicfarming

NaturalwastefromanimalsMakethesoilricherinmineralsandmorefertileAhealthysoilReducediseasesincropsHelpcropsgrowstrongandhealthy第14页/共63页Organic

farming

methods

advantagesusenaturalwastemake

the

soil

rich

inmineralschange

the

cropputmineralsbackintosoil,making…plantcropswithdifferentrootsusedifferentlevelsoflandplant

grassbetweencropsprevent…from…,anaturalfertilizer第15页/共63页Othermethods:ChangecropseverytwoorthreeyearsCorn,wheatPeas,soybeansPutthemineralsbackintothesoil,makingitrichandhealthyCropsthatusethesurfaceofthesoil(peanuts)Cropsthatneedadeeperlevelofsoil(rootvegetable)Makesurethatwhatisleftinthegroundafterharvestingbecomesanaturalfertilizerforthenextyear’scrop第16页/共63页1.WhichstatementisWRONGaccordingtothetext?A.Allcropsareorganic.B.Recently,theterm“organicfarming”hasgainedanothermeaning.C.Allfarmersusefertilizers.D.Scientistsbelievesomechemicalfertilizersarebetterforpeople.Choosethebestanswer.

D第17页/共63页2.Whichisnotthereasonwhyorganicfarmersprefernaturalwastefromanimals?A.Itcankeepthefoodfreefromchemicals.B.Itcankeeptheair,soilandwaterfreefromchemicals.C.Itcankillharmfulpests.D.Itcanmakethesoilricherinmineral.C第18页/共63页3.Whatistheadvantageofusingchemicalfertilizers?A.Leavingchemicalsinthegroundforalongtimeisgoodforwatersupply.B.Theycangetthesoilexhausted.C.Theycankillhelpfulbacteria.D.Theycankillharmfulpest.D

第19页/共63页4.Theorganicfarmersdothefollowingsexcept______.A.addingfertilizerswhichisrichinmineralB.changingcropseverytwoorthreeyearsC.plantingseedsindifferentlayersofthesoilD.plantinggrassbetweencropstopreventthesoilfrombeingblownawayA

第20页/共63页1.Whatis“organicfarming”?Answer

thequestions.Itreferstocropsgrowingwithnaturalratherthanchemicalfertilizers.2.Whatdoorganicfarmersprefertouseasfertilizer?

Thefertilizerthatorganicfarmerspreferisnaturalwastefromanimals.第21页/共63页Farmersgrowpeasorsoybeansaftercornorwheatsothatpeasandbeanscanputmineralsbackintothesoil,makingitrichandhealthyandreadytogrowmorewheatorcorn.3.Whydoorganicfarmersgrowpeas

orsoybeansaftercornorwheat?第22页/共63页4.Whatistheadvantageofusingnaturalfertilizer?Makethesoilricherinmineralsandsomorefertile.Reducediseasesincropsandhelpthemgrowstrongandhealthy.Besides,keeptheair,soilandwateraswellasthefoodsupplyfreefromchemical.第23页/共63页Theyareagreatwaytostopcropdiseaseandincreaseproduction.5.Whyarechemicalfertilizerssopopularinfarmingtoday?第24页/共63页6.Whatproblemsarecausedbyusingchemicalfertilizers?Therearethreeproblems.First,chemicalfertilizersaffectthesoilandthewatersupplybadly.Second,theyallowfarmerstogrowthesamecropyearafteryearandexhaustthesoil.Third,theykillbothhelpfulandharmfulpests.第25页/共63页7.Whatisthemainreasonforusingorganicfarmingmethods?Themainreasonforusingorganicfarmingmethodsistogrowgoodfoodandtoavoiddamagingtheenvironmentorpeople’shealth.第26页/共63页MethodsoforganicfarmingAdvantagesofmethodsFarmersusenaturalwastefromanimals.Thismakesthesoilricherinmineralsandsomorefertile.Fillinthechart.Farmersoftenchangethekindofcropineachfieldeveryfewyears.Changingthecropsrenewsthemineralsinthesoilandhelpsitbecomerichandhealthy.第27页/共63页MethodsoforganicfarmingAdvantagesofmethodsFarmersplantcropswithdifferentlengthsofroots.Farmerssometimesplantgrassbetweencropsandleaveitintheground.Thisusesdifferentlevelsofsoil.Thispreventswindorwaterfromcarryingawaysoilandactsasanaturalfertilizer.第28页/共63页Itisimportanttoexplainthisagainorwewillconfusethestudents.

confuse

动词,表示“把(某人)弄糊涂;使迷惑”,“搞乱;混淆”。如:Theyaskedmesomanyquestionsthattheyconfusedme.他们问我那么多问题把我都弄糊涂了。LanguagePoints第29页/共63页MyChineseandEnglishbooksareconfusedtogether.我的中英文的书籍混在一起了。Hewasconfusedbyastrangeidea.他被奇怪的念头弄糊涂了。Pleasedon’tconfuseAustraliawithAustria.别把澳大利亚和奥地利混淆了。第30页/共63页【拓展】confusion

n.

混乱;慌乱;混淆confusing和confused辨析:这两个词都是由confuse转化而来的形容词。confusing意思是“莫名其妙的;难以理解的(difficulttounderstand;puzzling)”,强调事物本身所具有的性质;confused意思是“糊涂的;迷乱的(unabletothinkclearly)”,强调人对某事物的感受。第31页/共63页2.Hisfathersaysthathehasneverregretted

sendinghissontostudyabroad.(Page13)regret在句中作动词,意为“为……感到遗憾;后悔;惋惜”。如：Ididn’tregretthechoiceIhadmade.我做了这个选择并不后悔。Iregrettosaythatwecan’tstayhereanylonger.我很遗憾,我们不能再在这儿多呆了。

Sheregrettedhavingmissedthefilm.她懊悔没能看上那场电影。

第32页/共63页【拓展】1)regret还可用作名词,意为“遗憾;后悔”。

Ifeltagreatregretathavingspentmytimeinthisway.我对这样浪费光阴深感懊悔。2)regret

to

do

sth

表示“遗憾地要……”，后面的动词常是say,tell,speak,inform等;regret

doing

sth

表示“后悔做过……”;toone’sregret

令人遗憾的是第33页/共63页3.Thesechemicalsinthefoodsupply

buildupinpeople’sbodiesovertime.build

up

增强;建立;开发

Hardworkingconditionsbuildupcharacter.艰苦的工作条件能磨练人的性格。第34页/共63页4.Manyofthesechemicalscanlead

to

cancerorotherillnesses.lead

to:导致;造成Toomuchworkandtoolittlerestoftenlead

toillness.

过量的工作和过少的休息会引起疾病。Allroadslead

toRome.

条条大道通罗马。第35页/共63页5.Theyfocus

onkeepingtheirsoilrichandfreeofdisease.focus

on:集中(注意力,精力等)于Youshouldfocusyourattentiononyourwork.把注意力集中在你的工作上。

Olympus:Focus

onlife.奥林巴斯:瞄准生活。第36页/共63页6.

reduce

v.

减少,降低e.g.公司尽力通过减少花销来提高利润。Thecompanytriestoincreaseprofitsby_______________.今年我们已经减少了业务开支。We______________expensesthisyear.reducing

costshave

reduced第37页/共63页7.Thisalso

keeps

theair,soil,waterandcropsfree

fromchemicals.

keeps…freefrom/of:

使…免受(影响,伤害等);使不含(有害物)Weputourbooksinbookcasetokeep

themfreefromdust.Youmusttakecaretokeepthewoundfreefromthedirt.第38页/共63页[拓展]1)keep

…from:

隐瞒,不把……告诉(某人)阻止,避免”如：Hewon’tbeabletokeepthetruthfromhisfather.Youcan’tkeephimfromdoingthatthing.2)free

from:

使解除,使摆脱如：Theyaimtofreethestudentsfromtoomuchhomework.3)befree

of

sb/sth:

摆脱某人/某物I’mfree

ofthatjobatlast.第39页/共63页Expressions

1.化肥2.对…造成损害3.洗掉某物4.导致;造成(后果);通往5.逐渐增强,建立6.另外(还有)7.使…免受(影响);8.集中(注意力、精力)于9.每隔几年10.避免做…chemicalfertilizerscause/dodamagetowashoffleadtobulidupinaddition(to)keep…freefrom/offocusoneveryfewyearsavoiddoing第40页/共63页Exercises

cause/dodamageto,washoff,leadto,bulidup,inaddition(to),keep…freefrom/of,focuson,avoiddoing1.Hismistakes______hisfailure.2.Thesechemicalsinthefoodsupply________inpeople’sbodiesovertime.3.Allroads_______Rome.4.

Please_____yourmind___

thefollowingproblem.5.Childrenshould________________violence.led

tobulid

upfocusonlead

tobekeptfreefrom第41页/共63页6.Helikesbasketball.___________,helikesfootball.Helikesbasketball_____________football.7.LittleTomstuckto________themud____hisshoesbyhimselfbeforehecamein.8.Itriedto______________(meet)himbecausehealwaysboresme.9.ThestormonMay3___________great__________peopleinBurmasofar.cause/dodamageto,washoff,leadto,bulidup,inaddition(to),keep…freefrom/of,focuson,avoiddoingIn

additioninadditionto

washingoffavoidmeetinghas

causeddamage

to第42页/共63页Thepossiblebadeffectsofchemicalfertilizersonthefruitandvegetablesthatweeattoday.1Asyoulistentothisdialogue,keepinmindwhatyouhavejustreadaboutchemicalfertilizers.Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation?Listening

第43页/共63页1.PaulthinksthatCarrieisnottellinghimthetruth.2.Usingchemicalfertilizersalwaysmakesvegetablesemptyinside.TrueFalse2Listentothedialogueasecondtime.Decideifthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse,accordingtotheconversation.Giveyourreasons.第44页/共63页3.Today’sfruitisnotashealthyforpeopleasfruitfiftyyearsago.4.Eatingmorevegetablesmightnotalwaysbegoodforus.5.Alloftoday’svegetableslookhealthybutinfactarenot.FalseTrueTrue第45页/共63页WHAT’SWRONGWITHTHEVEGETABLES?Girl:Hey,Paul,listentothis…amagazinearticleaboutafarmerwhousedtoomuchchemicalfertilizeronhisfields.Whenhisvegetableswerepicked,theywereallfoundtobeempty!Listeningtext第46页/共63页BOY:Empty?You’rejoking,Carrie…thatcan’tbetrue!Girl:Ididn’tbelieveiteither!Thisarticlesaysthiscanhappensometimeswithvegetableslikecucumbers,carrotsandpumpkins.Thischemicalfertilizermakesthevegetablesgrowfasttolookbigandbeautiful,butthey’reemptyinside!第47页/共63页BOY:Youknow,I’venoticedthatsometimesmymumbuyscarrotsfromthesupermarketthathavebigholesdownthecenter.Iguessthatmustbefromusingchemicalfertilizers!GIRL:Yeah,that’swhatthemagazinesays!Themainpointofthearticle,though,isn’taboutholesinourvegetables.第48页/共63页It’stalkingaboutwhythefruitandvegetablesweeattodayaren’tasnutritiousastheonesourgrandparentsate.BOY:What?Mymumisalwaystellingmetoeatmorevegetables,becausethey’regoodforme!GIRL:Yeah,Iknow–mymothersaysthatsamething!Andit’strue-第49页/共63页theyaregoodforus…buttheproblemisthattheyaren’thealthyenough!Allthesechemicalfertilizers–theykilloffboththebadandthegoodthingsintheground.Thegrounddoesn’thaveenoughvitaminsandmineralsanymoretohelpcropsgrowhealthy.第50页/共63页BOY:So…ifourfruitandvegetablesweregrownwithchemicalfertilizers,theymightlookhealthy,butprobablyaren’treallyhealthy?Iguesswe’vegottostopusingsomanychemicalfertilizerstogrowourfood!第51页/共63页F=FarmerC=CustomerF:Goodmorning!Wouldyoulikesomeorganiccarrotsthismorning?C:Hmm…They’realittleexpensive!Whatistheadvantageof…?Reading,SpeakingandwritingSampledialogue第52页/共63页F:Theadvantageofthesevegetablesisthattheyaregreenfoodsotheyaresafetoeatandgoodforyourfamily.C:Butwhatistheadvantageofhavinggreenfood?Iknowallvegetablesaregoodforyouandthosedowntheroadlookgreentoo.AndIcanbuythemathalfpricethere.第53页/共63页F:Well,letmeexplain.I’dratherfeedmyfamilyongreenfoodthanothervegetablesbecausetheyaregrownwithoutchemicalfertilizers.C:Butthepriceistooexpensive!I’dprefertobuygoodfoodifIcanaffordit.第54页/共63页F:Thisisgoodvalueformoneybecauseyou’llhavehealthierchildren.Theywon’thavetogotothedoctorsooftenandyouwon’thavetotaketimeoffwork.Inthelongrunyou’llbebenefit.C:CertainlyI’dliketobuywh