小升初英语热点题型一06 完形填空与阅读理解

【精品】小升初英语热点题型06完形填空与阅读理解归纳】形填空点】小学完形填空主要考察：1.动词的变化；2.词汇的常用搭配。应对完形填意语法的讲授，通过做讲义练习进行巩固对动词变化的考查。形填空时要注意以下几点：1.全文，了解文章大意，不明白的地方应掠过去，等到填空需要细读时再去理会。2.首尾句是全文的中心所在，然后读一遍选项，知道均有哪些备选项。3.全文识的掌握。4.语言知识和语法知识解题惯用法，因此，在解题时需要运用掌握的语言知识和语法知识解题。5.上下文复比较剩下的选项，这样就可以略为简单一些。复比较剩下的选项，这样就可以略为简单一些。6.运用背景知识解题，，、。分析比较，理解中心，全面验证。点】1.填空的解题步骤：1)跳过空格，通读全文，掌握大意2)瞻前顾后，先易后难，各个击破3)复读全文，逐个核对，验证答案2.事项：1)注重首、尾句2)克服畏难、急躁情绪，耐心通读全文3)切勿看到一个空格就急着选出一个答案，必须纵观全文、通篇考虑4)动笔前先易后难，注意从文中同样结构或类似结构中寻找提示，大胆地作出5)如果选项从语法角度无法确定，则必须从语篇（前提示，后暗示）意义上加别。理解点】对阅读理解要注意解题需要三个步骤：读问题、读原文，最后挑选项。()读问题，如果连问题都读不懂错误判，把问题分为两类：1.容有一个大概的了解。2.文某一处信息作答的标题问题），此类的问题有：主旨题(mainidea),中心思想题(Fromthetext,wecanlearnthat…),作者态度题(Thewriterwantstotellus…)，一会儿做题时也是先做划的标题问题，再做不划的标题问题。()原文1.读原文的主要目的，划出解题所需要的内容信息，包括：刚才读问题时脑中记的原文信息（把问题中所问的东西在文中找出来），转折词:but,however,although,though,重点强调的词或是绝对化的词:none,only,all,everything,must,always,数字及序数词。读出整篇文章的大概标的目的及围绕着什么东西说的。2.开始读文章，信息，读的重点放在文章的段首句、转折句和整篇文章的最后几句。()1.文中划出对映信息的标题问题步：关注问题问的是什么？（问什么答什么）体内容，但划的那句话必然就是答案吗？50%标题问题答案出在所划定的那句定就是划的那句）2.做完所有的划出对映信息的标题问题后，再做不划的标题问题3.选择答案的思路—答案是比出来的4.考场上的解题思路(1)，判断选项时，千万不要加身的想法和判断，文章说什么就是什么。(2)除非文章中作者有明显的绝对化的观点出现，不然选项中一旦出现绝对化的修饰词立刻排除(all,none,everything,/one,must,only,never,usually,always)【难点】阅读试题的技巧与方法1.信息文中找。，，，，的想象，随心所欲的回答。如一道阅读填空:Timandhisfriend____inthesea.没有通过寻找关键词，在文章中寻找的方式，而是根据自己的猜测写出2寻找信息的顺序性，。，，，，，影响做题速度。3.快速寻找所需信息，，答案。4.判断正误，如一致则正确，反之错误。题型】填空解题技巧讲解及练习例1根据短文内容选择合适的词填空(上下文、语境)InNewYork,onaFridaynight,ayoungartiststoodatthegateofatrainstation.Hewasplayinghis_______.Hismusicwassogreatthatmanypeopleputmoneyintohishat.Thenextday,theyoungartistcametothesameplace,andplayedtheviolinasal.A.piano B.guitar C.violin D.sax【答案】拨】考查学生对完形填空要根据上下文、语境来做题，难度中。 Whenwetalked,Idiscovered(发现)somedifferencesinschoollifebetweentheUSandChina.Forexample,eachclasslastsfiftyminutesintheUS.Itisalittle____thanthatinChina.Weusuallyhaveforty-fiveminutesineachclass.A.shorter B.longer C.earlier D.later【答案】【解析】做此类题时要根据短文内容进行逻辑推理，根据短文中eachclasslastfiftyminutesintheUS.Weusuallyhaveforty-fiveminutesineachclass.所以可以判断ItisalittlelongerthanthatinChina.应选B。【点拨】考查学生做完形填空时要注意运用逻辑推理的方法进行判断，难度中 LiLi,Look1____thepicture.It’s2____pictureofourclassroom.Inthepicture,youcanseesomedesks3____chairs.4____theblackboard,youcanseetwoblackandwhitecats.Amapis5____thedoor.It’samap6____Beijing.Underthe7___deskisaball,butyoucan’tseeit.ThegirlinthehatismygoodfriendKate.Sheisanewstudent.Sheis8____Englishgirl.Shelooks9___Lucy.Buttheyaren’t10_____.()1.A.in B.at C.to D.on()2.A.a B.an C.the D./()3.A.or B.but C.and D.there( )4.A.In B.Of C.At D.On()5.A.at B.in C.under D.behind()6.A.of B.on C.in D.for()7.A.teacher B.teacher’s C.teachers’ D.ofteacher()8.A./ B.the C.an D.a()9.A.at B.after C.like D.thesame()10.A.boys B.girls C.twins D.students【答案】1.B 2.A3.C 4.D5.D6.A7.B 8.C 9.C10.C析】1.此句意是：看这张照片，lookat看…..应选B。2.此句意是：这是我们教室的一张照片，apictureof….意为”……的一张照片”3.此句意是：你能看到一些桌子和椅子，and和，连词。4.Ontheblackboard在黑板上，用介词on.5.此句意是：一张地图在门后，behind在……后面。6.此句意是：这是一张北京地图，amapofBeijing一张北京地图。7.在讲桌的下面是一个球，theteacher’sdesk讲桌。8.此句意是：她是一个英国女孩，English的第一个字母是元音音素，所以前面an.9.此句意是：她看起来和露西很像，looklike看起来像…..10.但是他们不是双胞胎，twins双胞胎，应选C。拨】考查学生对完形填空的用法的掌握情况，难度易。 Lookatthatboy.HisnameisLiuBing.HeisaChineseboy.Heisinthekitchen.Helikesapples.SuYangisathometoo.Sheisinthestudy.Shelikesdrawing.IsGaoShanathome?No,heisinthepark.Heisthirsty.Hewantstodrinksomejuice.MissLiisintheoffice.Sheisreading.()1.LiuBingisinthekitchen.()2.LiuBinglikeseatingpears.( )3.SuYangisn’tinthestudy.()4.GaoShanisthirstyandhewantstodrink()5.MissLiisdrawing.Thisis____orange._____orangeisLucy’s.【答案】1.T 2.F 3.F4.T5.F析】1.根据短文中Heisinthekitchen.可判断此句是正确的。2.根据短文中Helikesapples.所以可判断此句是错误的。3.根据短文中Sheisinthestudy.可判断此句是错误的。4.根据短文中Heisthirsty.Hewantstodrinksomejuice.可判断此句是正确的。5.根据短文中Sheisreading.可判断此句是错误的。拨】考查学生对阅读理解中对句子判断正误的掌握情况，难度易。 Tomlikesfishverymuch.Heoftenbuyssomefishintheshopandtakesithome.Butwhenhiswifeseesthefish,shesaystoherself,“Good!Icanaskmyfriendstohavelunch,andwecaneatthefish.Theylikefishverymuch.”SowhenTomcomeshomeintheevening,thefishisnotthereandhiswifealwayssays,“Oh,yourcateatsit.”AndshegivesTomsomebreadforhissupper.Tomisveryangry.Hetakesthecatandhiswifetotheshopnearhishouseandweighs(称重)thecat.Thenheturnstohiswifeandsays,”Myfishweighonekilo(公斤).Thiscatweighsone,too.Myfishishere,yousee,thenwhereismycat?”1.______eatsthefish.A.MrTom B.MrsTom C.Thecat D.Hisfriends2.WhatdoesMrsTomdowiththefish?A.SheeatsthefishbeforeTomcomesback.B.Sheasksherfriendstocometoeatthefishwithher.C.Sheputsthefishinthefridge(冰箱)andwaitsforherhusband.D.ShecooksthefishforTom.3.MrTomweighs_____intheshopwithhiswife.A.thefish B.thecat C.hiswife D.hisfriend4.HowmuchfishdoesTomoftenbuy?A.onekilo B.twokilo C.threekiloD.fourkilo5.Tomlikes____verymuch.A.cat B.hiswife C.fish D.hisfriends.【答案】1.D 2.B 3.B4.A 析】1.根据短文中Icanaskmyfriendstohavelunch,andwecaneatthefish.Theylikefishverymuch.可知D是正确答案。2.根据短文中Icanaskmyfriendstohavelunch,andwecaneatthefish.Theylikefishverymuch.可知B是正确答案。3.根据短文中Hetakesthecatandhiswifetotheshopnearhishouseandweighsthecat.可知B是正确答案。4.根据短文中Myfishweighonekilo可知A是正确答案。5.根据短文中Tomlikesfishverymuch.可知C是正确答案。拨】考查学生对阅读理解的掌握情况，难度中。诊断】 Thisismybedroom.Youcansee1____picturesonthewall.Anicelightis2_____thedesk.Afootballis3____thechair.4_____isthebed?It’snearthewindow.Myfatherand5_____bedroomisnearmybedroom.6_____flowersandanicebigbed7____intheirroom.Somewindowsare8_____thewall.Ayellowdoorisinthewall,9______.Doyoulikemybedroomand10_______?()1.A.a B.an C.one D.some()2.A.in B,on C.under D.behind()3.A.to B.in C.for D.under()4.A.Who B.How C.What D.Where()5.A.brother B.mother C.brother’s D.mother’s()6.A.the B.some C.TheD.Some()7.A.am B.is C.are D.isn’t()8.A.behind B.under C.in D.on()9.A.of B.too C.here D.there()10.A.them B.their C.their’sD.theirroom【错解】5.B 6B 7B 8D10.C误辨析】5.我爸爸和妈妈的卧室，应表示为Myfatherandmother’sbedroom.在表示两者共有时，在后一个名词后加s,这点是学生们容易出错的地方，学生易错误地填写为。6.，因此处不是特指所以不用能the,因flowers是复数，所以前面要用some,但学生易匆忙看下答案，一看B项是some,所以就将答案填为B，这是错误的，要注意，在句首的第一个字母要大写，项才是正确答案。7.学生做此题时容易想当然，一看空格前面是anicebigbed,所以后面的动词肯是Someflowersandanicebigbed,是两项，所以后面动词要用复数are.门，钉子在墙上要用介词in,地图，图片在墙上要用on.10.你喜欢我的卧室和他们的卧室吗？学生容易错误理解为Doyoulikemybedroomandtheir’s?这是错误的，如果为了避免重复，就要用名词性物主代词theirs,或者用theirbedroom.【正确答案】5.D6.D7.C 8.C10.D WangBinisafootballfan.ThereisafootballmatchbetweenChineseteamandAmericanteam.Hewantstowatchit.Hecomestotheboxoffice(售票处)andgivestheclerk10yuan.Theclerksays,”Pleasegivemeanother10yuan.Theprice(价格)ofaticketis20yuan.”“Why?”saysWangBin,”IjustwatchChineseteam.Idon’twanttowatchtheotherteamatall.Doyouwantmetobuyaticketforthem?No,no,no…”根据短文内容选择正确答案( )1.HowdoesWangBinlikefootball?A.Little B.Alittle ()2.“Doyouwantmetobuyaticketforthem?”theword“them”refersto_____.A.Chineseteam B.Britishteam C.Americanteam D.Frenchteam【错解】1.B 误辨析】了，所以就是likefootballverymuch,但是学生在做此题时，由于不理解fan的错理解为alittle一点儿点儿喜欢足球了，这是错误的。2学生做此题时，容易根据就近句子进行选择，一看前句是IjustwatchChineseteam.所以很容易错误地理解为这里的them是指Chineseteam了，这是错误的，【正确答案】1.D2.C打铁】一、填空OncetherewasaboyinToronto.HisnameisJimmy.Hestarteddrawingwhenhewasthreeyearsold,andwhenhewasfivehewasalreadyvery1____atit.Hedrewmanybeautifulinterestingpictures,andmanypeople2____hispictures.Theythoughtthisboywasgoingtobe3____whenhewasalittleolder,andthentheyweregoingto4____thesepicturesforalotofmoney.Jimmy’spictureswerequitedifferentfromother5____becauseheneverdrewonallofthepaper.Hedrewon6____ofit,andtheotherhalfwasalways7____.“That’sveryclever”everybodysaid,“8____otherpeoplehaveeverdonethatgogoupanddown.before.Onedaysomebodyaskedhim,“Pleasetellme,Jimmy.Whydoyoudrawonthebottomhalfofyourpictures,9___notonthetophalf?”“BecauseI’msmall”Jimmysaid,“andmybrushes(毛笔)can’t10_____veryhigh()1.A.poor B.sad C.glad D.good()2.A.bought B.brought C.sold D.took( )3.A.different B.clever C.famous D.rich()4.A.buy B.show C.leave D.sell( )5.A.men’s B.people’s C.boy’s ()6.A.half B.part C.side D.end()7.A.full B.empty C.wrong D.ready()8.A.No B.Some C.Any D.Many()9.A.then B.and C.but D.or()10.A.change B.turn C.pull D.reach二、理解JohnisaCanadian.HelivesinatallbuildinginthecityofToronto(多伦多).Thereareeighteenfloorsinthebuilding,andhelivesonthefifteenthfloor.HeusesalifttoJohnworksveryhard.Hegoestoworkearly.Everydayhegetsoutofthelift.Thenhewalkstoabusstop.Thebusstopisinfrontofastation.Itisabouttwohundredmetersfromhishome.Heusuallycatchesthenumber11bustowork,butsometimeshegoesbytrain.Johnworksinafactoryabo