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Adaptiveimmuneresponses

11223344ContentsCellMediatedImmunityHumoralImmunity55ContentsCellMediatedImmunityHumoralImmunity66CellMediatedImmunityAntigenrecognitionLymphocyteactivationAntigeneliminationContraction(homeostasis)77AntigenrecognitionCellMediatedImmunity88ExogenousAgEndogenousAg99Figure8-101010SelfMHCRestrictionCellMediatedImmunity11111212APC-TcellInteraction1313CellMediatedImmunity1414CellMediatedImmunity1515SMAC(SupraMolecularActivationCluster)Immunologicsynapse1616StructureoftheimmunologicsynapseCellMediatedImmunity1717ImmunologicsynapseBetweentheTcellandtheAPC,formingabull’seye–likestructureiscalledanimmunologicsynapseorasuper-molecularactivationcluster(SMAC).TheTcellmoleculesthatarerapidlymobilizedtothecenterofthesynapseincludetheTCR,CD4orCD8coreceptors.ReceptorsforIntegrinsremainattheperipheryofthesynapse,wheretheyfunctiontostabilizethebindingoftheTcelltotheAPC.1818Lymphocyteactivation1919Figure8-21CellMediatedImmunity2020ImmunoreceptorTyrosine-basedActivationMotifs2121222223232424IL-2CellMediatedImmunity2525

ActivationofaTHcellbybothsignal1andcostimulatorysignal2up-regulatesexpressionofIL-2andthehighaffinityIL-2receptor,leadingtoproliferationanddifferentiation.CellMediatedImmunity26262727NaiveCD4+TAntigeneliminationCellMediatedImmunity2828TH12929TH23030Tfh:TfhcellssecreteIL-21,

IL-4andexpressCD40LandICOSthathelpBcellsmakehighaffinityclassswitchedantibody.Th17:Th17cellssecreteIL-17whichstimulatesepithelialcells,endothelialcells,fibroblastsandmacrophagestosecreteavarietyofcytokines.CellMediatedImmunity3131RegulatoryTCell(Treg)nTreg:cell-cellcontactiTreg:producingCKtosuppressimmuneresponseCellMediatedImmunity3232CD8+TcellsCellMediatedImmunity3333CTLsKillTargetCellsCellMediatedImmunity3434CTLsKillTargetCellsCellMediatedImmunity3535CellMediatedImmunity3636医学免疫学CellMediatedImmunity3737Contraction(Homeostasis)Activation-inducedcelldeath(AICD):Apoptosisofactivatedlymphocytes,generallyusedforTcells,consideredFas-mediatedapoptosis.CellMediatedImmunity38383939CellMediatedImmunityHumoralImmunityContents4040TD

andTIAntigensHumoralImmunity4141TD

AntigenHumoralImmunity4242Abbasetal.CellularandMolecularImmunology.

7eHumoralImmunity43434444AgplasmaAPCBTh2Ab“1”“2”CD40CD40LIL-4-5-6“2”“1”“1”:Antigenrecognition“2”:Co-stimulatorysignalsHumoralImmunity4545BCRComplexHumoralImmunityAntigenrecognition4646BCR

ClusteringHumoralImmunity4747HumoralImmunity4848Co-receptorHumoralImmunity494950505151HumoralImmunity5252HumoralImmunity5353Abbasetal.CellularandMolecularImmunology.

7eGerminalCenterHumoralImmunity5454HumoralImmunity5555Folliculardendriticcells5656Germinalcenter:SpecializedstructureinlymphoidorgansgeneratedduringT-dependenthumoralimmuneresponses,whereextensiveBcellproliferation,somaticmutation,affinitymaturation,isotypeswitching,memoryBcellgeneration,andinductionofplasmacells

takeplace.HumoralImmunity5757SomaticMutationandAffinitymaturationHumoralImmunity58585959IsotypeSwitchingHumoralImmunity6060Abbasetal.CellularandMolecularImmunology.

7eHumoralImmunity6161PlasmacellsandantibodyproductionAbbasetal.CellularandMolecularImmunology.

7eHumoralImmunity6262MemoryBcellsHumoralImmunity636364646565HumoralImmunity6666HumoralImmunity6767TD

andTIAntigens6868TI-1:LPS6969TI-27070AdaptiveImmunity7171ContentsCellMediatedImmunityHumoralImmunity7272Reviewquestions:Describethedual-signaltheoryofTcellactivation.DescribetheeffectfunctionofTcellsubsetsDescribecytokineprofilesoftheTh1andTh2subsets.BrieflydescribethesignaltransductionpathwayinTcellactivation.DescribetheinteractionbetweenThcellsandBcellsintheimmuner

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