高中宾语从句详解课件

高中宾语从句详解课件第一页，共33页。宾语从句

TheObjectClause

第二页，共33页。

Iknowhim.2.Iknowwhoheis.

主语谓语宾语（简单句）主语谓语宾语从句连词从句主语

从句谓语

主句（复合句）第三页，共33页。宾语从句的概念：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语,可以放在及物动词或者介词后面。句子结构：主句+连词（引导词）+宾语从句第四页，共33页。作介词的宾语Healwayspaysattentiontowhatevertheteachersays.Hetalkedofhowhehelpedtheoldman.第五页，共33页。1.引导宾语从句的连接代词主要有： who,whom,what,which,whatever, whoever等；连接副词主要有： where,when,how,why等;连词主要 有that,if,whether。第六页，共33页。一、连词（引导词）

1.当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句），连词由that引导，因为that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略LinTaofeels(that)hisownteamisevenbetter.Shesays(that)shewon’ttakepartinthesportsmeetingnextSunday.Jimthought(that)thetrainwaslikeabigmovingparty.Hesaid(that)hewouldliketoseetheheadmaster.第七页，共33页。Lilywantedtoknowif/whetherhergrandmalikedthehandbag.Ican’tdecidewhethertostay.2.whether和if都意为“是否”，通常情 况下，二者都可以引导宾语从句；但 在介词之后只能用whether,另外，从句后有ornot或动词不定式时，只能 用whether。第八页，共33页。3.当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由疑问代词（what,who,whom,which,whose）或疑问副词（when,where,how,why）引导，因为连接代词或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意义，所以不可以省略.Doyouknowwhathesaidjustnow?Idon’tremember

when

wearrived.IaskedhimwhereIcouldgetsomuchmoney.Pleasetellmewho(whom)wehavetosee.Doyouknowwhattimetheplaneleaves?第九页，共33页。二、时态1.如果主句是现在的时态（包括一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）Iknowheliveshere.Iknowhelivedheretenyearsago.Ihaveheardthathewillcometomorrow.第十页，共33页。2.如果主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时），那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）Iknewwholivedhere.Isawshewastalkingwithhermother.Heaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebacktomorrow.Hesaidthathehadseenit.第十一页，共33页。3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理时用一般现在时。Theteachersaidthatthesuntravelsaroundtheearth.第十二页，共33页。三、语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分第十三页，共33页。1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?Hisbrotheraskswhen

thelibrary.Hisbrotheraskswhen

thelibrary.2.Whatdoeshewanttobuy?

Idon’tknowwhat

buy.

Idon’tknowwhatbuy.3.Whoarewegoingtomeet?

Canyoutellmewho

meet?

Canyoutellmewho

meet?hewillgoto

willhegoto

hewantsto

doeshewantsto

wearegoingto

arewegoingto

第十四页，共33页。4.DoesheknowFrench?Wewanttoknowif/whether

French.

Wewanttoknowif/whether

French.5.WilltheygotoCanadainsummer?They’renotsureif/whetherCanadainsummer.They’renotsureif/whetherCanadainsummer.

heknowsdoesheknowtheywillgotowilltheygoto第十五页，共33页。

1.DidthestudentshaveapicniclastSunday?Doyouknow?

2.Mr.SmithhavebeeninChinaforaboutthreeyears.JimtoldLinTao.

Doyouknowif/whetherthestudentshadapicniclastSunday?JimtoldLinTao(that)MrSmithhadbeeninChinaforaboutthreeyears.

第十六页，共33页。3.WhichbookshouldIreadfirst?Pleasetellme.4.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Ourteachertoldusinyesterday’sclass.PleasetellmewhichbookIshouldreadfirst.Ourteachertoldus(that)lighttravelsfasterthansoundinyesterday’sclass.第十七页，共33页。1．could/would是委婉语气，而不是过去式，因此宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用不同时态。注意事项Couldyoupleasetellmewhereweshowourtickets?Couldyoutelluswhichgatewehavetogoto?Wouldyouliketoknowwhenhewillcomeback?第十八页，共33页。2.如果主句的谓语动词是ask时，连词不可能是that；如果主句的谓语动词是say时，连词用thatShesays(that)shewillleaveamessageonhisdesk.Hesaid(that)hewasgoingtotakecareofthechild.HeasksifIlikeplayingthepiano.Youmayaskthemanovertherehowyoucangettothebusstation.第十九页，共33页。3.如果从句中含有or或ornot时，只能用whether而不用ifCouldyoutellmewhetherthat’safasttrainornot?Doyouknowwhetherheisrightornot?Idon’tcarewhetherhe’llstayhereornot.第二十页，共33页。4.连词+宾语从句连词+todoIdon’tknowwhatIshalldonext.

Idon’tknowwhattodonext.Shedidn’tdecidewhichoneshewouldchoose.

Shedidn’tdecidewhichonetochoose.Pleasetellmewhomyou’llgivetheletterto.

Pleasetellmewhomtogivetheletterto.第二十一页，共33页。5.

有时可用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语从句后置。如：

Wefounditstrangethatnoonewouldtakethemoney.Hehasmadeitclearthathewouldnotgivein.第二十二页，共33页。6.

that在引导宾语从句时无词义，也不 充当任何成分，且通常可以省略。但 如果含有两个或两个以上的并列宾语 从句时，通常只有第一个从句的that 可以省略，其余从句的that一般不能 省略。如：

Myunclesaid(that)hewouldcome andthathewouldalsobringhisson.第二十三页，共33页。

7.在第一人称I,we与动词think,expect,believe,guess,suppose等连用，后接宾语从句时，通常将从句的否定转移到主句谓语动词，形成否定前移如：Idon’tsupposeyou’reusedtothisdiet.第二十四页，共33页。1.

Theyoungmanasked_____it'ssummerorwinter.A.eitherB.thatC.weatherD.whether2.

Wedon'tknow______theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.which3.Theteacherasksus____Jimcancomebackontime.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime

4.Doesanybodyknow______wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.that

DABC第二十五页，共33页。5.Iwonder_______heiscryingnow.A.thatB.whyC.howD.when6.Haveyoufoundout______wecandoonHainanIsland?A.whatB.howC.ifD.whether7.Lilysaid_______shehadfinishedhercomposition.A.ifB.thatC.whenD.where8.Idon’tknow______hestillliveshere.A.whereB.whatC.whenD.whetherBABD第二十六页，共33页。1.Couldyoushowme________?A.howcanIgettothestationB.whereisthestationC.howIcouldgettothestationD.howIcanreachthestation2.Pleasetellme_______.A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeC.whathelikesD.whathelike3.Mysistertoldhim________.A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyouliveCBD第二十七页，共33页。4.Couldyoutellmewherewe_______nextweek.A.wouldgoB.togoC.hadtogoD.willgo5.Couldyoutellmehowmuch________toflytoHainan?A.doitcostB.doesitcostC.itcostD.itcosts6.Thesmallchildrendon'tknow______.A.whatistheirstockingsinB.whatisintheirstockingsC.whereistheirstockingsinD.whatintheirstockingsDBD第二十八页，共33页。7.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_______.A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis8.Couldyoutellmehowlong__________?A.youhaveboughtthewatchB.youhavekeptthissciencebookC.haveyoubeenawayfromChinaD.haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChina9.Hesaysthatifit_______tomorrow,he_______fishing.A.willrain,won'tgoB.rained,wasn'tgoC.rains,won'tgoD.rain,willgoBCD第二十九页，共33页。1.Couldyoutellmeifthey_____________(work)inthefactorysofar.2.Didyourparentstellyouthatthesun_______(rise)ineast?3.-----What______he_____(say)justnow?I____________(notcanhear)him.-----He_______(say)thathe________(plant)treeswithhisparentsyesterday.4.Canyoutellmewhen___