ARoseForEmilyWilliamFaulkner课文作者背景讲解

ARoseForEmilyWilliamFaulkner课文作者背景讲解第1页/共47页AboutAuthor--WillamFaulknerLifeAchievementsCareer&WorksWritingCharateristicsARoseforEmily第2页/共47页BriefIntroductionWillamFaulkner(1897-1962)OnSep.25,1897InNewAlbany,MississippiAnwriterofnovels,shortstories,poetryandoccassionalscreenplays.Withaprominentgreat-grandfather,ColonelWilliamFalkner第3页/共47页William'sGreat-grandfatherFaulknercamefromanold,proudanddistinguishedMississippiFamily,whichincludedagovernor,acolonelintheConfederateArmy,andnotablebussinesspioneers.Hisgreat-grandfather,ColonelWilliamClarkFalkner,appearsasColonelJohnSartorisinFaulkner'sfiction,hadadistinguishedcareerasasoldier,bothintheMexicanWarandtheAmericanCivilWar.第4页/共47页LifeHeshowedlittleinterestinstudyanddroppedoutfromhishighschool.Thenheworkedinabank.Effectedbyhismother,whenhewas10,hebecameafanofShakespeare,Fielding,Voltaire,Hugoandothereminentauthors.MovedtoOxford,Lafayettein1902第5页/共47页LifeDuringWorldWarI,hejoinedtheCanadianRoyalFlyingCorpsbutneverfought.Afterthat,heservedintheRoyalCanadianAirForce.However,hestilldidn'ttakepartinWorldWarI.第6页/共47页LifeAfterhisretiring,heattendedUniversityofMississippiinOxford.ToNewYork,NewOrleansandEurope.第7页/共47页LifeInHisMarriageBemarriedwithEsterainLafayette,OxfordHelivedwithhiswifeinsolitudeandconcentratedherattentioninliterature,creatingmanyexcellentworks.第8页/共47页InfluencedbyGreat-grandfather&MumthehelpofPhilipStone(in1914)andSherwoodAndersonFieldStoneeffectedhimandreadmodernismSherwoodAndersonencouragedhimtoexploresoutherncultureandheformedhisuniquewritingstyle第9页/共47页Oneofthegreatestwriterin20thcenturyInitiatorofSouthernRenaissanceOneofthemostinfluentialmodernistnovelwritersinthewestAchievements第10页/共47页AchievementsAnAmericannovelistandpoetwhoseworksfeaturehisnativestateofMississippiRegardedasoneofthemostinfluentialwritersofthe20thcenturyAwardedthe1949NobelPrizeforLiterature第11页/共47页AchievementsSimultaneouslyoriginalandassimilative;RegardedasoneoftheleadingAmericanwritersintheliteraryhistoryoftheUnitedStatesArepresentativeofthewritersusingstreamofconsciousness(意识流)第12页/共47页AchievementsWorksarefamousformultiple（多重的）narrationsandtimeshiftswithinnarrative.Worksareknowntobeverychallenginganddifficult.第13页/共47页CareerP1:1924-1929习作时期TrainingasawriterTheMarbleFaun《大理石牧神》1924avolumeofpoetry第14页/共47页WorksInP1HisliterarycareerbeganinNewOrleanswhenhemetSherwoodAnderson,whohelpedhimgethisfirstnovelSoldier'sPay（士兵的报酬）publishedin1926Mosquitoes《群蚊》1927Thetwonovelwascritizedbyhimself,lackingspirit,severalyearslater.第15页/共47页CareerP2:1929-1936鼎盛时期MostproductiveandprolificperiodSartoris《沙多里斯》1929seeandfeelthedignityandsorrowofwhatwastobecomehismostfrequentlyusedsubjectmatterthesymbolofthisperiodItindicatesthedownfallofthesouth第16页/共47页WorksInP2TheSoundandtheFury《喧哗与骚动》1929——Descibesthedecayanddownfallofanoldsouthernaristocraticfamily,symbolizingtheoldsocialorder.IttakesplaceinJefferson,Yoknapatawpha.第17页/共47页WorksInP2AsILayDying《在我弥留之际》1930Sanctuary《圣殿》1931LightinAugust《八月之光》1932Absalom,Absalom《押沙龙，押沙龙！》1936——Setinearly19c,Jefferson,showsthetragicdownfallofthedynasticdesiresoftheplanterColonelSutpen

第18页/共47页CareerP3:1940-end巩固和确认阶段WonrecognitioninAmericaGoDown,Moses《去吧，摩西》1942Snopes

Trilogy斯诺普斯三部曲：TheHamlet《村子》1940TheTown《小镇》1957TheMansion《大宅》1959第19页/共47页WritingCharateristics-1Heisprimarilyknownandacclaimedforhisnovelsandshortstories,manyofwhicharesetinthefictionalYoknapatawphaCounty,

asettingFaulknercreatedbasedonhisactualhomeinOxford,Lafayette,Mississippi,wherehespentmostofhislife.第20页/共47页YoknapatawphaAcountyinnorthernMississippi第21页/共47页YoknapatawphaYoknapatawphaSaga“约克纳帕塔法世系”小说Theriseandfallofsouthernaristocraticfamiliese.g.TheCompasonsinTheSoundsandFury第22页/共47页WritingCharateristics-ThemesMajorThemesofhisworks(1)HistoryandRaceHeexplainsthepresentbyexaminingthepast,bytellingthestoriesofseveralgenerationsoffamilytoshowhowhistorychangeslife.Hewasalsointerestedintherelationshipbetweenblacksandwhites,especiallyconcernedabouttheproblemsofthepeoplewhowereofthemixedraceofblackandwhite,unacceptabletobothraces.第23页/共47页MajorThemesofhisworks(2)Deterioration(3)Conflictsbetweengenerations,classes,races,manandenvironment(4)Horror,violenceandtheabnormal第24页/共47页WritingCharateristics-3StyleandTechniquesa.Streamofconsciousnessofhumannatureb.Multiplenarrators:multiplepointsofviewc.“Anti-hero”:weak,vulnerable(turepeopleinmoderncity)d.Timebendwithoutlinearchronologicaltimesequence——bestmediumintotheexploration——ensurethemaximumrevelationofhumanpossibilities第25页/共47页WritingCharateristics-3StyleandTechniquesHeoftenwrotehighlyemotional（多愁善感）,subtle（精细）,complex（复杂）andsometimesGothic（哥特式）orgrotesque（怪诞）storiesofawidevarietyofcharactersincludingformerslavesordescendantsofslaves（奴隶后裔）,poorwhite,agrarian（农民的）orworking-classSoutherners,andSouthernaristocrats.第26页/共47页WritingCharateristics-4Syntax/Sentencestructurethemostnoticeablefeaturee.g.in“BarnBurning”...Faulkner'ssentencestendtobelong,fullofinterruptions,butworkbasicallybystringingoutseeminglymeanderingsequencesofclauses第27页/共47页第28页/共47页AbouttheShortStoryARoseforFamilyisoneofFaulkner'smostwidelyreadintheAmericanclassroom.Somethinkitisabizarre(奇异的)storyaboutanoldeccentricladyinanAmericanSoutherntown.Thethemeofthestoryisuniversal,transcendingtheboundariesoftimeandspare(nocleartimeclues).Ittellsaboutlove,death,honor,pride,changeandloss.第29页/共47页BackgroundARoseforEmilywasfirstpublishedin1930,whichtakesplaceinFaulkner'sfictionalplace,Yoknapatawpha.Faulkner'sfirstshortstorypublishedinanationalmagazine.第30页/共47页Characters-MajorCharactersEmilyGrierson-Aneccentricrecluse,Emilyisamysteriousfigurewhochangesfromavibrantandhopefulyounggirltoacloisteredandsecretiveoldwoman.Devastatedandaloneafterherfather'sdeath.Sheisanobjectofpityforthetownpeople.Afteralifeofhavingpotentialsuitorsrejectedbyherfather,shespendstimeafterhisdeathwithanewcomer,HomerBarron.Bloatedandpallidinherlateryears,herhairturnssteelgray.SheultimatelypoisonsHomerandsealshiscorpseintoanupstairsroombecausesheknowshewantstoleaveher.第31页/共47页EmilyGriersonEmilyrepresentsthearistocracyoftheOldSouththathadlostintheCivilWar.Shewasold,unmarried,andwithoutfamily.Townpeoplefeltthattakingcareofherwastheirdutyandobligation.Theobligationpassedfromgenerationtogenerationaslongasshelived.第32页/共47页Characters-MajorCharacters

HomerBarron-AforemanfromtheNorth.Agruffanddemandingboss,hewinsmanyadmirersinJeffersonbecauseofhisgregariousnatureandgoodsensehumor.HedevelopsaninterestinEmily.Townpeopleviewhimasapoor,ifnotscandalous,choiceforamate.Atlast,hedisappearsinEmily'shouseanddcomposesinanatticbedroomaftershepoisonshim.第33页/共47页Characters-MajorCharactersMr.Grierson-Emily'sfather,acontrolling,loomingpresenceevenindeath,andthecommunityclearlyseeshislastinginfluenceoverEmily.HedeliberatelythwartsEmily'sattemptstofindahusbandtokeepEmilyunderhiscontrol.第34页/共47页Characters-MajorCharactersWe/Townpeople-Mostofthetime,theyarenotparticipantsbutobserversoftheevents,interestedinkeepingtrackoftheeventsandsharingtheinforemationwithpeoplecomingfromoutsidethetown.Theyhavetheirwonvaluesandattitudes.Onthewhole,“we”shouldberegardedasareliablenarrator,thecollectivenarratorormulti-narrativevoices.However,“we”areunabletotellthestoryinastraightforwardandsystematicmanner.第35页/共47页Characters-MinorCharactersColonelSartoris-AformermayorofJerfferson.HeabsolvesEmilyofanytaxburdenafterthedeathofherfatherJudgeStevens-A80-year-oldmayorofJefferson.HetriestodelicatelyhandlethecomplaintsaboutthesmellemanatingfromtheGriersonproperty.Tobe-Emily'sservant,aBlackAfricanAmerican.Afterherdeath,hewalksoutthebackdoorandneverreturns.第36页/共47页ARoseforEmilyThejumbledchronologyisstructuredlikea“gossipstory”.EachsectionisdesignedforthereadertomakeajudgementofEmily.第37页/共47页SectionI-PeopletalkabouthowEmilyhasn'tpaidhertaxes.-Shehasbeenshelteredherwholelifebyherdad.-ColonelSartoris(mayor)knewhewouldn'tgettaxesfromher(Southernpride).-Hecreatesastorywhyshedoesn'tpay-Shebelievesthestoryandbuyintoit.第38页/共47页SectionII-AstrangesmellemitsfromEmily'shouse.-Menhavetosneakaroundherhousetospreadlimetocoversmell.-Doessheseethem?-HerfatherdiedbutEmilyrefusedtoacceptthefact.第39页/共47页SectionIII-ThefirstappearanceofHomerBarron-Townspeoplereactwomengossiping-Emilyisseenbuyingarsenic:FaulknerforcesuetomakeajudgementatthispointShouldwefeelsorryforher?Isshesenile?Scandalous?DoesshebuythearsenicbeforeorafterHomer'svisit?第40页/共47页SectionIV-Emily'scousinsarricetoprepareherformarriage.-Emilybuysmen'sclothingandtoiletries-ThisisthelasttimeanyoneseesHomer-Emilydies第41页/共47页SectionV-Backtopres