城市规划专业英语论文

城市规划专业英语论文

Citytrafficmanagementandurbanplanning

Abstract:Atthepresenttime,trafficproblemhasbecameoneofthebiggestproblemthaturbandevelopmentarefacedwith.Tofaceperplex,trafficplanningshouldtrytokeeptrafficandcitybeunited.Itputforwardachallengeforcityplanning,especiallyforthetraditionalmethodofland-useplanning.Besidesstrengthenrodeconstruction,wealsoshouldinnovatethetraditionalideasandmethodtorelievetrafficcongestion.Thisisthekeytosolvethecitytrafficproblematthepres-enttime.

Keywords:Citytraffic;Trafficmanagement;Urbanplanning;Coordinate

OurCountrymakethegreatestachievementonroadconstructioninthe20years.But,thetrafficproblems,appearonmanycitiestoday,weneverfoundbefore,likeBeijingShanghaiGuangzhouandsoon.So,eachcitymakeagreatconcernforthetrafficproblemwhentheyreviseurbanplanning.BothMinistryofPublicSecurityandProvincialTransportationAuthorityputrelievingtrafficproblemasthepointforfuturework.MinistryofPublicSecurityandMinistryofConstructionevenproposedtojointlypartofthecityinthecountyimplementation"unimpeded"macrosco-picbyMinistryofPublicSecurityandMinistryofConstruction.

Traditionalurbanplanning,especiallycomprehensiveplanningalwaysdefineurbandevelopmentmorphologybysyntheticalanalysis,andoverallarrangementsfortheconstructionofurbanland,theurbaninfrastructure,Transportsystemplanningisonlyaspecialininfrastructureprojectsplanning.But,withtherapidlydevelopmentofurbanization,Citytrafficproblembecomeoneofthemainfactorsimpactthedevelopmentofcity.Thenewcomprehensiveplanningalsobringtheresearchoftrafficstrategyandtransportationplanningintotacticdevelopment.Dealwiththecontradictionbetweentrafficdevelopmentandland-useactively,coordinatemutualnationandstartanewconceptsofcityplanning.

1.Thedevelopmentofcityandtraffic

1.1Theeffectoftrafficonthedevelopmentofcity

RelationsbetweenCitydevelopmentandtrafficdevelopmentareclosely.Italwaysnomatterwhenthecitydevelop.Onlydidthetrafficfacilitiescanmeettheneed,cancitybeactiveandcitycanhaveafurtherdevelop.

1.2CitydevelopmentandcitytrafficFig1

Itnottoolongsincecitytraffichassuchtrafficvolume.1760,Wattinventedthesteamengine,andStevensuseittoinventedthetrainin1829,sothemoderncitiesandurbantransportareformedintheearlyEuropeancountries.In19century,railroadonlyoneformoftransportationbetweenthecities.

Europeancitieshavefoundtrackcoachin19thcentury,therealsohadsteamenginebeenusedintheLondonsubway,1868,furtherconstructionoftheelevatedrailwayinNewYork.

3.1ThepurposeoftheRoadtrafficmanagementplanning

ThepurposeoftheRoadtrafficmanagementplanningistosolvewhetherornottocontrol,timemanagement,howtocontrol,wherecontrolandotherissues.Throughtheplanning,peoplecanknowtheresultsaftertheimplementationofmanagementstrategiesinadvance,toavoidtheimbalancesandeconomiclossescausedbyblindmanagementpolicy.

3.2Thebasiccontentsofroadtrafficmanagementplaning

Roadtrafficmanagementplanningworkshouldinclude:

(1)Urbanroadtrafficsurvey

(2)Analysisanddiagnosisoftheproblem

(3)Analysisofurbantransportdemands

(4)Theschemesofurbantrafficmanagement

(5)Evaluationofurbantrafficmanagementschemes

3.3Thelevelofroadtrafficmanagementplanning

Roadtrafficmanagementplanningcanbedividedintothreelevels.Theyworkeddifferently,thehighertheirlevelis,thelargertheeffectis.Macro-planningoftransportdevelopmentstrategyaimedatdevelopingurbantransportdevelopmentpolicies,impactingandoptimizingtrafficstructure.Thenatureofurbantrafficstructureoptimizationistooptimizingtheuseofurbanroadresources,byguidingitthroughthetrafficpolicytoachieve,andimplementationofthepolicyrequiresastrongassurancesystem.Inthecasethatroadtransportnetwork'sprogramobjectivesinurbantransportnetworkhasbeenbuilt,throughtheimplementationoftechnicalmeasurestobalancethetrafficflowthroughoutthetransportationnetwork,balancedtrafficdistributionandimprovetransportefficiency,isthetransportnetworktomaximizetheeffectiveness.Enterthroughtheimplementationofasingleline,dedicatedline,inductionsystem,theGreenWave,specialtransportationroutes,turnrestrictionsandothermeasuresoftheintegrateduseofthetransportnetwork.Importantcrossesandthedeviceoftheroadtrafficmanagementarenotonlythemostbasicworkoftrafficmanagementbutalsothesimpleanddirectmeasuretosolvenowadayslocaltrafficproblems.Concretemeasuresinclude:intersectionchannelization,signaltimingoptimization,steeringcontrol,non-roadmachinesareseparatedintolanes,busstopbaydesign,parkingmanagement,setupa"StrictStreet"andsoon.

3.4Operationofroadtrafficmanagementplanning

Thenucleusofmanagementplanningprocessisthemanagementprogramdesignandprogramevaluation.Programisdesignedtograspthecurrentsituationinthetrafficinformation,analyzetheirproblems,andonthebasisofpredictthefuturetrafficdemand;programevaluationprocessistosimulatetheprocessoffuturetrafficoperation,itisbasedonthecurrentsituationandfuturetrafficcontrolinformation.

4.Thepracticeofurbanplanningandtrafficmanagementstatus

4.1Studiesdepartmentoftrafficstripped

Atpresent,takethecityplanningdepartmentandtrafficmanagementdepartments,theyshouldstudymorecomprehensive,broadercollaboration.Butallalong,theyarelargelybasedonthefunctionsoftheMinistryofConstruction,MinistryofPublicSecuritygavebytheStateDepartmenttoseparatelychoiceofresearchtopics,researchworkindependently,veryfewbusinesscontactswitheachother,resultinginitsresearchresultstoreflecttransportplanningandtrafficmanagementlessintegratedandcoordinated.

Andspecifictoacityplanningdepartment,onlyafewcitiesinourcountry,suchasBeijing,Shanghai,Nanjing,GuangzhouandShenzhen,haveresearchinstitutionswithspecializedtransportstudythecity'strafficproblemsforamoresystematic,in-depthstudy.Buttheirresearchismoreemphasisontheresearchofurbantransportdevelopmentstrategy,andalsohavenoinvolvedinthecontentsoftrafficmanagementandurbanplanningandtrafficmanagementcollaborationcontent.

4.2Policydevelopmentandreviewofurbanplanningandtrafficmanagementstrippedeachother

Noparkingorackofspace

Atpresent,urbantransportplanningandtransportplanningpolicycasestudiesareusuallyseparatefromtheplanningdepartmenttoexpandanddevelop,althoughitmayintheresearchprocesswillhaveaccesstoindividualtrafficmanagementpersonnel,butbecauseoflimitedvisionofprofessionalplannersandtheexisting"legislationonurbanplann"hasitsshortcomingonthecontentrequirementsofcomprehensiveplanning,theplanningdepartmentofresearchandplanningthefinalpolicyreflectsthepromisingfutureindifficulttrafficmanagementtoconsiderthecontent.Moreover,toapprovalbytheprogramattheearlydate,partoftheplanningdepartmentoftenjustnoticethetrafficmanagementtoparticipateintheso-calledmulti-program"Mixed."whenthepoliciesprogramsgivencasefurther,Theresultingtrafficmanagementpersonnelinvolvedinatrialcannotbemademoreusefulhurryopinions,whichlaidthetransportplanningpoliciesandtheactualsituationandfuturedevelopmentoftrafficmanagementofrisksfromeachother.Meanwhile,thescientificnatureoftransportplanning,effectivenessalsosaythatitisanegativeoradverseeffects.(Fig3)

Parkingbreakrules

Complextrafficoreventrafficjam

Pedestrianoccupiednon-motorizedvehicles

Fig3:Thelackofparkingspacesinthecitycausedbytheviciouscycleoftrafficproblems

4.3Urbanplanningandtrafficmanagementduetolackofcollaborativefollow-upstudyfortheresultsofcompletedroadorroadnetworkortrafficmanagementeffectivenessusing.

Ingeneral,thecityplanningdepartmentforfiveyears----fifteenyearsofurbanroadplanning,whichinadditiontothedevelopmentofprogramsandistoobusycollecting"trafficdata",thecorrespondingworktendtoanendwhentheprogramestablished,fundinghand.Fromtherequirementofnational"RoadTrafficOrdinance",itappearsthatthetrafficmanagementdepartmenthavenodutytotracktheimplementationofplanningandin-depthstudyoffuturetraffictrendsobligations.And,sincefirst-linetrafficmanagementdepartmentsimplementto"morethanthepolicecan"inthelate1990s,thetrafficmanagementandroadsecuritypairsofhands,andtheydonothavemuchenergytodealwiththesedifficultfound"achievement"and"fairshare"transaction.Allthese,resultinginthemanyurbantransportationplanninglackofthenecessaryfeedbackandfollow-upstudytoimplement,whichrestrictedtheeffectivenessofitsdecision-makingandimplementationtohaveafurtherimprove.Infact,thetrafficmanagementdepartmentlocatedatthefrontline,whoisgoodatcomprehensiveurbanplanningstudies,complementaryadvantages,theworkhasalargeroomforimprovement.

5.Zhengzhoutrafficinstance

5.1Zhengzhoutrafficsituation

Becauseofthetrafficwastoocrowded,Zhengzhouiscalledthe"blockedcity".WiththesharpdevelopmentofZhengzhouanditseconomic,motorvehicleshowingtherapidgrowthpotential,despitethegovernmentinvestedheavilyinnewrepairandtransformationofalargenumberofroadwidening,buttherearestillsomeoftheroadsandtrafficcongestionphenomenontheinthecurrentlocalareaandurbanareas,"drivinghard"issuehighlights,andbringsaseriesofaccidents,thenumberofshockedpeopletoponder.

5.2Measures

(1)Constructionofroadandbridgeplanning----Interchange,three-dimensionaltransport

Somepeoplethink:Wherethereisoverpass,thereisthetrafficjam.Forexample,theJinshuioverpass,atrushhour,itwillalwaysblockforawhileaslongasonthelinetotheJinshuiRoadundertheoverpassDongmingRoadintersection,.(Tig4)

Therefore,theurbantransportshouldfocusoncomprehensiveplanning,advancedplanning,sothattheseroadscanbemeetthecity'sneedsevenintenyearsorevendecadeslater,ratherthanconstantlyexpanding,continuouslytransform.Zhengzhouagencies,schoolcompound,crowdedplacetobuildoverpasses,usingscientificmeanstoconsiderthedesignoftheoverpass,maketheinterfacebetweentheoverpassandtheoverpass,buil"interchange"and"three-dimensionaltraffic",Tig4:Traffic-inducedandimproveefficiencyofvehicledrivingontheoverpass.ThiscangreatlysolvetheproblemoftrafficcongestioninZhengzhou.

(2)TrafficManagement

Attheconditionthattheincreaseinroadconstructionandvehiclearediscordant,tosolvethetrafficcongestion,itisimportanttoincreasethepublic`sawarenesstheimportenceoftheharmony.Thegeneralpublicespeciallydrivershavetobetocomplywithtrafficlaws.Onthecontrary,eventhebestroadsandtransportfacilities,therewillstillbetrafficcongestion.

Inadditiontopublicawarenessoftheharmonyoftransportationforthepublic.itisalsoimportanttoprovidedetailedtrafficinformation.Morethan20mainroad,Zhengzhouonthenewlyinstalled36trafficguidancescreen(Figure4)iscurrently36allopened,thecityhasbeenplannedpre-installed55,andthroughthetraffic-induceddynamicpublishingsystemandtaxiGPSdataanalysis,timelyinformationonchangesintrafficontheroadbacktothetrafficguidancescreen,andthreecolorsofredyellowandgreenshowroadcongestion,crowded,smoothstate,therebyalertingthedriverofthevehicleblockingtheroadintoeasytotakemeasuresinadvancebeforethebypass,theequilibriumtrafficflow,reducetrafficcongestionhasplayedasignificantroleinpromoting.

ForexampleagroupofpeoplewholivedneartheintersectionofGardenRoadandNorthRingRoad,ifhedriveacartoZhengzhoutrainstation,hecantakethegardenpathortheculturalwaytothetrainstation,howmanyvehiclesontheroad,whetherthereistrafficjamphenomenon,twowayhowlongittakestowalkingtothetrainstation,allofthiscanbefoundontheInternetinadvance.

Itisworthrecallingthatevenoutofthehouse,thedrivercanalsofoundtheroadtrafficinformationthroughthelarge-screenelectronics-electronicscreenissmarttopaythroughthemanagementandcommandsystemcomponents,accordingtothisconcept,driverscanfindoutaboutalltheroadwhentheygoontheroad,andwasinducedtotheroadthathavefewervehicles.

Inthissystem,alsotakingparkingintoaccount,builtparkinghardwareandstrengthengovernancetostoppingchaosatthesametime,throughintelligentinduction,thedrivercanlearnwherethereisparking,whichparkinghasspacesaswell.Figure5:ZhengzhouBusRapidTransitnetworkmap

(3)Publictransport----openupbuslanes

InordertosolvetheproblemofroadcongestioninZhengzhou,developbusandtaxi,developtheprivatecarbyplanning,developtransitsystemrapidly,(Tig5)istoensurethatthemega-citiesofZhengzhouofcentralChina'smajorurbanconstructiondevelopmentofstrategicinitiatives,itisaconvenienceandbenefitthepeople'slivelihoodprojects.In2005,ZhengzhouBusRapidTransit(BRT)hadbeenenlistedurbantransportplanning,UrbanPlanningBureauhasentrustedtheChinaUrbanPlanningandDesignInstitutetoformulatebusrapidtransitsystemplanning.Bogota,Colombiawith700millionpeople,wherehadbeencongestion,afterMayorEnriquetookoffice,heputtheissueresolvedspendnomoneyfrom1998to2000.Howtosolve?Itistodevelopamajorityoftheroadspaceallocatedtohigh-capacitybusrapidtransitPolicy.Asthebusesiscomfortableandconvenient,peoplewillnolongerwenttoworkbycar,thetraffic