基于VHDL的电子表设计课件

基于VHDL的电子表设计目录电子表的系统分析和设计计时器状态机闹钟寄存器4123电子表顶层电路的实现6铃声管理模块5电子表的系统分析和设计设计要求： 设计一个电子表，可以用于显示时间丶设定闹钟和整点报时。电子表的输入设备是一个4×4的编码键盘，输出设备是用于显示的6位LED数码管丶若干LED指示灯以及蜂鸣器。YourTextYourTextYourTextYourText电子表的系统分析和设计YourTextYourTextYourTextYourText闹钟时间寄存器计时器ＭＵＸ

铃声管理系统结构和模块划分YourTextYourText状态机计时器分频器时间计数的频率为1Hz，而外部晶振频率为1MHz,所以需要1M分频计数器计数器时间计数器的目的是为了得到时间输出，因此需要每秒技术一次。状态机状态机模块是电子表的控制器，它给出其他模块的时序。状态机的输入信号是键盘模块的输出信号keyvalue,keypressed和functionkey。状态机的输出信号是缓存时间信号buffertime,闹钟时间加载信号alarmload，计时器时间加载信号timeload，闹钟开关状态alarmom和整点报时开关状态houralarmon。Time是由用户通过键盘输入的时间信号，可以送给闹钟寄存器和计时器。状态机包括两部分：1.用于产生缓存时间信号buffertime，闹钟时间加载信号alarmload和计时器时间加载信号timeload，称这部分状态机为校时和设闹状态机。2.用于产生闹钟开关状态信号alarmon和整点报时开关状态信号houralarmom，称为闹钟和整点报时开关状态机。闹钟寄存器闹钟寄存器是一个带有并行加载功能的寄存器。其中clk是全局时钟，buffertime是并行加载的数据输入，alarmload为并行加载的控制输入，alarmtime为寄存器的输出。TitleinhereTitleinhereTitleinhereTitleinhereABCD铃声管理模块闹钟铃声状态机Alarmtime=timeS0/0S4/1

S2/0

S1/0

S3/1Time(6)=‘1’Time(6)=‘0’Time(6)=‘1’Time(6)=‘0’alarmon=‘0’电子表顶层电路的实现闹钟和整点报时状态机校时和设闹状态机闹钟寄存器计时器校时和设闹输出闹铃管理模块ContentsContentsContentsContents顶层文件采用元件例化的方法将各个模块连接起来，组成电子表系统componentcounter port( clk,load:instd_logic; buffertime:instd_logic_vector(23downto0); time:outstd_logic_vector(23downto0) );endcomponent;componentalarmreg port( clk,alarmload:instd_logic; buffertime:instd_logic_vector(23downto0); alarmtime:outstd_logic_vector(23downto0) );endcomponent;componentbell port( clk,houralarmon,alarmon:instd_logic; alarmtime,time:instd_logic_vector(23downto0); alarm_signal:outstd_logic );endcomponent;signalbuffertime,time,alarmtime:std_logic_vector(23downto0);signaliscount,alarmload,timeload:std_logic;begin sm1:statemachine portmap(clk,keypressed,functionkey,keyvalue, iscount,alarmload,timeload,buffertime); sm2:statemachine2 portmap(clk,keypressed,keyvalue,alarmon,houralarmon); cnt:counter portmap(clk,timeload,buffertime,time); reg:alarmreg portmap(clk,alarmload,buffertime,alarmtime); bl:bell portmap(clk,houralarmon,alarmon,alarmtime,time,alarm_signal);

process(iscount,time,buffertime) begin if(iscount='1')then displaytime<=time; else displaytime<=buffertime; endif; endprocess;endrt;计数器程序（1）libraryieee;useieee.std_logic_1164.all;useieee.std_logic_arith.all;useieee.std_logic_unsigned.all;entitycounteris port( clk,load:instd_logic; buffertime:instd_logic_vector(23downto0); time:outstd_logic_vector(23downto0) );endcounter;architecturertofcounteriscomponentdivider_1m port( clk:instd_logic; clk1s:outstd_logic );endcomponent;signalclk1s:std_logic;signaltime_sig:std_logic_vector(23downto0);begin

else time_sig(15downto12)<=time_sig(15downto12)+1;endif;else time_sig(11downto8)<=time_sig(11downto8)+1;endif;else time_sig(7downto4)<=time_sig(7downto4)+1;endif;elsetime_sig(3downto0)<=time_sig(3downto0)+1;endif;endif;endif;endif;endprocess; time<=time_sig;endrt;libraryieee;useieee.std_logic_1164.all;useieee.std_logic_arith.all;entitydivider_1mis port( clk:instd_logic; clk1s:outstd_logic );enddivider_1m;architecturert1ofdivider_1missignalcnt:integerrange0to999999;begin process(clk) begin if(clk'eventandclk='1')then if(cnt=cnt'high)then cnt<=0; clk1s<='1'; else cnt<=cnt+1; clk1s<='0'; endif; endif; endprocess;endrt1;计数器程序（2）闹钟和整点报时libraryieee;useieee.std_logic_1164.all;useieee.std_logic_arith.all;useieee.std_logic_unsigned.all;entitystatemachine2is port( clk,keypressed:instd_logic; keyvalue:instd_logic_vector(3downto0); alarmon,houralarmon:outstd_logic );endstatemachine2;architecturertofstatemachine2istypestateis(s_off,s_on);signalps_alarmon,ns_alarmon,ps_houralarmon,ns_houralarmon:state:=s_off;begin process(clk) begin if(clk'eventandclk='1')then ps_alarmon<=ns_alarmon; ps_houralarmon<=ns_houralarmon; endif; endprocess; process(ps_alarmon,keypressed,keyvalue)

process(ps_houralarmon,keypressed,keyvalue) begin if(ps_houralarmon=s_on)then if(keypressed='1'andkeyvalue="1100")then ns_houralarmon<=s_off; else ns_houralarmon<=ps_houralarmon; endif; houralarmon<='1'; else if(keypressed='1'andkeyvalue="1100")then ns_houralarmon<=s_on; else ns_houralarmon<=ps_houralarmon; endif; houralarmon<='0'; endif; endprocess;endrt;

闹钟寄存器libraryieee;useieee.std_logic_1164.all;entityalarmregis port( clk,alarmload:instd_logic; buffertime:instd_logic_vector(23downto0); alarmtime:outstd_logic_vector(23downto0) );endalarmreg;architecturertofalarmregisbegin process(clk) begin if(clk'eventandclk='1')then if(alarmload='1')then alarmtime<=buffertime; endif; endif; endprocess;endrt;铃声管理libraryieee;useieee.std_logic_1164.all;entitybellis port( alarmtime,time:instd_logic_vector(23downto0); alarmon,houralarmon,clk:instd_logic; alarm_signal:outstd_logic );endbell;architecturertofbellissignalalarm,houralarm:std_logic;typestateis(s0,s1,s2,s3,s4);signalpresent_state,next_state:state:=s0;begin process(clk,alarmon) begin if(alarmon='0')then present_state<=s0; elsif(clk'eventandclk='1')then present_state<=next_state; endif; endprocess;

whens4=>If(time(6)='0')thennext_state<=s0;elsenext_state<=present_state;endif;whenothers=>next_state<=s0;endcase;endprocess;process(present_state)beginif(present_state=s3orpresent_state=s4)thenalarm<='1';elsealarm<='0';endif;endprocess;process(houralarmon,time)beginif(houralarmon='1'andtime(15downto0)="00000")thenhouralarm<='1';elsehouralarm<='0';endif;endprocess;alarm_signal<=alarmorhouralarm;endrt;状态机libraryieee;useieee.std_logic_1164.all;useieee.std_logic_arith.all;entitystatemachineis port( clk,keypressed,functionkey:instd_logic; keyvalue:instd_logic_vector(3downto0); buffertime:bufferstd_logic_vector(23downto0); iscount,alarmload,timeload:outstd_logic );endstatemachine;whenmodifytime2=> if(keypressed='1'andkeyvalue="1011")then next_state<=count; elsif(keypressed='1'andfunctionkey='0'and time_temp(23downto20)<="0001")then next_state<=modifytime3; time_temp(19downto16)<=keyvalue; elsif(keypressed='1'andkeyvalue<="0011"and time_temp(23downto20)<="0010")then next_state<=modifytime3; time_temp(19downto16)<=keyvalue; else next_state<=present_state; time_temp<=time_temp; endif;whenmodifytime3=> if(keypressed='1'andkeyvalue="1011")then next_state<=count; elsif(keypressed='1'andkeyvalue<="0101")then next_state<=modifytime4; time_temp(15downto12)<=keyvalue; else next_state<=present_state; time_temp<=time_temp; endif;whenmodifytime4=> if(keypressed='1'andkeyvalue="1011")then next_state<=count; elsif(keypressed='1'andfunctionkey='0')then next_state<=modifytime5; time_temp(11downto8)<=keyvalue; else next_state<=present_state; time_temp<=time_temp; endif;whenmodifytime5=> if(keypressed='1'andkeyvalue="1011")then next_state<=count; elsif(keypressed='1'andkeyvalue<="0101")then next_state<=modifytime6; time_temp(7downto4)<=keyvalue; else next_state<=present_state; time_temp<=time_temp; endif;whenmodifytime6=> if(keypressed='1'andkeyvalue="1011")then next_state<=count; elsif(keypressed='1'andfunctionkey='0')then next_state<=modifytime7; time_temp(3downto0)<=keyvalue; else next_state<=present_state; time_temp<=time_temp; endif;whenmodifytime7=> if(keypressed='1'andkeyvalue="1011")then next_state<=count; elsif(keypressed='1'andkeyvalue<="1010")then next_state<=loadtime;

else next_state<=present_state;

endif; time_temp<=time_temp;whenloadtime=> next_state<=count; time_temp<=time_temp;whensetalarm1=> if(keypressed='1'andkeyvalue="1011")then next_state<=count; elsif(keypressed='1'andkeyvalue<="0010")then next_state<=setalarm2; time_temp(23downto20)<=keyvalue; else next_state<=present_state; time_temp<=time_temp; endif;whensetalarm2=> if(keypressed='1'andkeyvalue="1011")then next_state<=count; elsif(keypressed='1'andfunctionkey='0'and time_temp(23downto20)<="0001")then next_state<=setalarm3; time_temp(19downto16)<=keyvalue; elsif(keypressed='1'andkeyvalue<="0011"and time_temp(23downto20)<="0010")then next_state<=setalarm3; time_temp(19downto16)<=keyvalue; else next_state<=present_state; time_temp<=time_temp; endif;whensetalarm3=> if(keypressed='1'andkeyvalue="1011")then next_state<=count; elsif(keypressed='1'andkeyvalue<="0101")then next_state<=setalarm4; time_temp(15downto12)<=keyvalue; else next_state<=present_state; time_temp<=time_temp; endif;whensetalarm4=> if(keypressed='1'andkeyvalue="1011")then next_state<=count; elsif(keypressed='1'andfunctionkey='0')then next_state<=setalarm5; time_temp(11downto8)<=keyvalue; else next_state<=present_state; time_temp<=time_temp; endif;whensetalarm5=> if(keypressed='1'andkeyvalue="1011")then next_state<=count; elsif(keypressed='1'andkeyvalue<="0101")then next_state<=setalarm6; time_temp(7downt