2023年苯乙烯生产工艺设计

第苯乙烯生产工艺设计

攀枝花学院本科毕业设计摘要

摘要

本文以年产25万吨苯乙烯为生产目标，由乙苯脱氢制苯乙烯方法，对整个工段进行工艺设计和设备选型。同时对苯乙烯的新老生产工艺、国内外发展情况做出了一定的总结，并通过了对比选取了较为适宜的工艺，最后确定了Lummus的SMART乙苯脱氢工艺作为本设计的详细生产工艺。在计算上，依据物料守恒、能量守恒对整个工艺流程进行了物料衡算和热量衡算，并做出了流程图，依据衡算结果，通过计算对塔设备进行了详细的选型。也对公用工程和车间布置做出了一定的陈述，最后对三废处理和安全事项做出了总结。在整个设计中达到了预期要求，完成各个工艺段的设计。

关键字：苯乙烯，工艺计算，设备选型

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攀枝花学院本科毕业设计ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT

Theannualoutputof250,000tonsofstyreneproductiontargets,theentiresectionintheprocessdesignandequipmentselectionbythedehydrogenationofethylbenzenetostyrene.Styreneoldandnewproductionprocessesatthesametime,thedevelopmentathomeandabroadtomakeacertainconclusion,andbycontrasttoselectamoreappropriateprocesstofinalizetheLummus#39;SMARTethylbenzenedehydrogenationprocessasthedesignproductionprocess.Inthecalculation,basedonmaterialconservation,energyconservation,theentireprocess,materialbalanceandheatbalance,andmadeaflowchart,basedonaccountingresults,bycalculatingthetowerequipment,carriedoutadetailedselection.Publicworksandplantlayouttomakeacertainstatement,andfinallymadeasummaryofthendsafetymatters.Throughoutthedesigntoachievethedesiredrequirementstocompletethedesignofvariousprocesses.

KeywordsStyrene，Processcalculation，equipmentselection

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攀枝花学院本科毕业设计目录

目录

摘要.......................................................................IABSTRACT...................................................................II1绪论....................................................................1

1.1苯乙烯的性质和用途..................................................1

1.2苯乙烯常见生产方法..................................................1

1.2.1环球化学∕鲁姆斯法...........................................11.2.2Fina∕Badger法...............................................31.2.3巴斯夫法.....................................................31.2.4Halcon法.....................................................31.2.5裂解汽油萃取分离法...........................................31.2.6环氧丙烷联产法...............................................3

2生产工艺................................................................5

2.1本工艺设计说明......................................................5

2.1.1生产任务.....................................................52.1.2生产方法.....................................................52.1.3生产控制参数及具体操作.......................................52.2生产工艺的反应历程..................................................6

2.2.1反应方程式...................................................62.2.2生产过程.....................................................72.3原料、产品及半成品..................................................8

2.3.1产品.........................................................82.3.2原料.........................................................82.3.3半成品.......................................................82.3.4催化剂.......................................................82.3.5阻聚剂.......................................................82.4生产方式的选取......................................................9

3生产工艺计算..........................................................10

3.1物料衡算...........................................................10

3.1.1生产能力的计算..............................................103.1.2质量守恒定律................................................113.1.4物料流程图...................................................153.2热量衡算...........................................................15

3.2.1热量衡算....................................................153.2.2热量衡算表...................................................18

4设备设计计算与选型...................................................19

4.1苯∕甲苯精馏塔的设计计算...........................................194.1.1精馏塔的数据确定.............................................194.1.2精馏塔的物料衡算.............................................194.1.3塔板数的确定.................................................19

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攀枝花学院本科毕业设计目录

4.1.5精馏塔的塔体工艺尺寸计算.....................................254.1.6塔板主要工艺尺寸的计算.......................................264.1.7塔版流体力学验算.............................................274.1.8塔板负荷性能图...............................................294.2冷凝器的设计.......................................................314.3油水分离器.........................................................324.4过热蒸汽炉.........................................................33

5设备一览表及公用工程.................................................34

5.1设备...............................................................345.2公用工程规格.......................................................34

5.2.1电..........................................................345.2.2冷却水......................................................355.2.3加热蒸汽....................................................35

6车间布置设计..........................................................36

6.1车间布置设计重要性.................................................366.2车间生产要求.......................................................366.3车间安全要求.......................................................366.4车间发展要求.......................................................36

7三废处理和安全事项...............................................37

7.1废水...............................................................377.2废气...............................................................377.3废渣...............................................................377.4副产品处理一览表...................................................377.5废物处理一览表.....................................................387.6安全事项...........................................................38

结论.......................................................................39参考文献...............................................................40谢辞.......................................................................41

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攀枝花学院本科毕业设计1绪论

1绪论

1.1苯乙烯的性质和用途

苯乙烯，分子式C8H8，结构式C6H5CH?CH2,是不饱和芳烃最简单、最重要的成员，广泛用作生产塑料和合成橡胶的原料。如结晶型苯乙烯、橡胶改性抗冲聚苯乙烯、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯三聚体（ABS）、苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚体（SAN）、苯乙烯-顺丁烯二酸酐共聚体（SMA）和丁苯橡胶(SBR)。苯乙烯（SM）是含有饱和侧链的一种简单芳烃，是基本有机化工的重要产品之一。苯乙烯为无色透明液体，常温下具有辛辣香味，易燃。苯乙烯难溶于水，25℃时其溶解度为0.066%。苯乙烯溶于甲醇、乙醇、乙醚