医学博士外语模拟试卷41

经典word整理文档，仅参考，双击此处可删除页眉页脚。本资料属于网络整理，如有侵权，请联系删除，谢谢！医学博士外语模拟试卷41(总分：182.00，做题时间：90分钟)1.SectionA__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：（分数：10.00）A.Heisalwaysfit.B.Hehadappendicitis.√C.Hehasnoproblem.D.Hehasneverbeenill.解析：解析：从女士所说的话中可知，男士最近出了问题(present，男士fit()的状况也是到现在就不再继续(upuntilnow)，并且说到自己小时候因为appendicitis住过院。因此本题正确答案为B。A.WhetherthedentistteachesattheUniversitywilldecide.B.Whetherthepatientcallsearlyinthemorning.C.Whetheritisanemergencyoraroutinework.√D.Whetheritisthedayforthedentisttohavehispractice.解析：解析：根据男士说的可以判定，牙医首先要看是急诊还是常规就诊。如果不是急诊的话，就会预约在两周后。牙医的工作不会决定就诊的性质。因此本题正确答案为C。A.It'sharmfulforhimtousehisvoice.√B.Heneedstoseeadoctor.C.Heneedstowhisper.D.ThewomanisSam'sdoctor.解析：解析：男士说山姆的声音听起来很糟糕，女士回答山姆的嗓子疼，医生建议他不要说话，所以说话对他来讲是有害健康的。故正确答案为A。A.She'sreallylucky.B.She'sfarbetterthantheothers.√C.She'sgottheothers'support.D.She'sbeenworkinghard.解析：解析：女士：我的成绩还不错，因为我运气很好。男士：不，你在团队中是出类拔萃的。由男士的话可知，女士要远比别人优秀。故答案为B。A.Adviser.B.Computerprogrammer.√C.Productdesigner.D.Computerdesigner.解析：解析：从“writingprograms”可知B正确。（分数：10.00）A.Theman.B.Toolittlesleep.C.Ahat.D.Thesun.√解析：解析：根据男士所说，女士头疼需要避免日照，日照太强烈了，他建议女士服用阿司匹林，并用帽子遮阳。A.Shelikestoeatnuts.B.Sheisself-disciplined.C.Shebehavesbadlyatschool.√D.Sheenjoysleavingherparentsinthedark.解析：解析：男士：鲍勃和苏从来不管教他们的女儿。那孩子真是顽劣。而他们一直都不知道女儿在学校的表现。由此可知，鲍勃和苏的女儿在学校表现很糟糕。故答案为C。A.Itisdullallthetime.B.Itcomesandgoeseverynowandthen.C.Itisnotalwaysthatbad.D.Itissometimesassharpasaknifeattack.√解析：解析：根据对话可知，女士说大多数时候，疼痛比较像痉挛(cramp)，偶尔也有有如刀割般的疼痛。这与D选项描述一致。A.Thewomanwassosillyastowastemuchmoney.B.Itwascostlytohavethemotorcyclefixedinthegarage.C.Billmusthaverepairedthemotorcyclehimself.√D.Therewasaseriousproblemwiththemotorcycle.Bill是自己修的摩托车。aflattire：轮胎没气，轮胎破了。故答案为C。A.Sheisreallyangry.√B.Sheforgivestheman.C.Sheisindifferenttoit.D.Shefeelssorryfortheman'sabsence.It'sallverywelltosaythatnow()可知，她很生气。故答案为A。（分数：10.00）A.Gotoadifferentdoctor.B.Askherdoctorforadifferentmedication.√C.Changeherappointment.D.BuysomeOTCmedicinesonherown.解析：解析：由男士的话可知，女士的过敏症(allergy)(actupagain)了，女士说医生开了药，但效果不大，所以她打算去找医生换药。因此本题正确答案为B。A.Carsthatdrivethemselvesmaybeveryexpensive.√B.Thewomenwillbeabletobuyanintelligentcar.C.Heisworkingwithacarproduceronintelligentcars.D.Drivingtoworkisreallyaheadache.解析：解析：女士：从家去工作来来回回太累了，要是有智能车就好了。男士：嗯，一些汽车厂家已经在故答案选A。A.Ataphysician'soffice.B.Atthepostoffice.C.Atthepediatrician'soffice.D.Atanophthalmologist'soffice.√解析：解析：由对话可知，双方在谈论女士的视力问题。女士陈述了自己的患病时间并告知对方自己的执业，因此本对话最可能发生在眼科诊所或者眼科门诊。Ophthalmologist意为“眼科医生”，因此本题正确答案为D。A.Mrs.Smithisgoodattheorybutdrivespoorly.√B.Mrs.Smithalwaysgetlostontheroad.C.Mrs.Smithknowslittleaboutrulesanddrivesfast.D.Mrs.Smithdoesn'tknowhowtostopthecar.解析：解析：从“Howintheworlddidyoupassthewrittentestanyway?”可知史密斯夫人驾驶理论还可以，但实践能力不行。A.Adelicateart.B.Areligion.√C.Anexactscience.D.Awayoflife.解析：解析：从“Firstofall，itisnotareligion．”可知B项正确。2.SectionB__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：（分数：10.00）A.Runningnose.√B.Fever.C.Cough.D.Paininjointsandmuscles.解析：解析：本题用排除法解。女士主诉病情时讲到“关节和肌肉疼，并且开始呼吸短促”，感觉发烧，并且有点咳嗽，唯一没有提到的症状是runningnose()。A.Shehaschronicillnessofrespiratorysystem.B.Shehasallthesymptomsofacommoncold.C.Shehaseverbeentosomecrowdedplaces.D.ShecontactedthepersonwhoisdiagnosedofSARS.√解析：解析：本题考查细节。女士在回答医生问诊时，说到自己alwaysbeenfit，因此A选项(呼吸系统慢性疾病)aspirin此。她未曾去过拥挤的地方，但是却接触过被诊断为SARS的朋友。所以她的问题为D。A.Gobackhomeandrelax.B.Getexaminedandwait.C.Gethospitalizedandisolated.√D.Gettreatedimmediately.解析：解析：本题考查细节。医生了解完病情后，告诉她“I’mafraidyouhavetobehospitalizedandbeisolatednow”，即她要立刻入院并隔离检查。因此正确答案为C。B“做检查”和D“得以治疗”都是在进入隔离病房后才能进行的。A.SARSisaninfectiousdiseasebutcurable.√B.SARSisaninfectiousdiseaseandincurable.C.ThemanhasbeenidentifiedasSARSforhiscontacthistory.D.ThemancannotbeenidentifiedasSARSbecauseofhissymptom.解析：解析：本题为推理题。根据医生问诊可知，有SARS接触史后并有症状出现者，需要进行隔离治疗，mostconditionyouwillbeallrightafterpropertreatment”可知，SARS是可以治愈的。因此本题正确答案为A。A.Bloodpressureandjointsexamination.B.BloodpressureandX-ray.C.BloodtestandX-ray.√D.Bloodtestandjointsexamination.解析：解析：本题考查细节。医生要求女士进入隔离病房后进行血液检验和X-ray检查，等到结果报告出来后才能进行下一步治疗，因此本题正确答案为C。（分数：10.00）A.Poor,untrainedwomen.√B.Youngmedicalstudents.C.Wivesofmilitaryofficers.D.Middle-classmenandwomen.nursingwasanunskilledoccupation，takenupbywomenofthelowerclasses，someofwhomwerefromthecharityhouse．”可知当时的护士都来自社会底层。charityhouse慈善机构。A.Medicalmen.B.Upper-classwomen.√C.Professionalnurses.D.Militarycommanders.解析：解析：“Themovementforreformoriginatednotwithdoctors，butamongupper-classwomen”这场变革不是由医生，而是上层社会妇女发起的。由此句话可知答案为B。A.Nursingwasanartthatcouldnotbetaught.B.Additionalmedicalcarefromnurseswasunnecessary.C.Volunteernursesfromtheupperclasswereadequate.D.Educatednurseswouldunderminetheirauthority.√解析：解析：文中提到Plainlythreatenedbytheprospect，theyobjectedthateducatednurseswouldnotdoastheyweretold，可知医生们担心削弱他们的地位。A.PublichygieneintheUnitedStates.B.FlorenceNightingale:anurse'sstory.C.ThefightfornursingeducationintheUnitedStates.√D.Healthcareinupper-andlower-classneighborhoods.解析：解析：从全篇文章可推知C项“美国护士为自身教育展开的斗争”符合题意。A.Bellevuewasahospital.√B.Bellevuewasagovernment.C.Bellevuewasauniversity.D.Bellevuewasawomen'sprison.解析：解析：从“WhenastheywereatBellevueineffortstoinstalltrainednursesonthematernitywards”可推知Bellevuematernitywards产房。（分数：10.00）A.Onealwaysknowswhathismusclesaredoing.B.Oneperformssimpleactionswithoutworking.C.One'smusclesareusedonlytotheextentnecessaryforeachactiontheyperform.√D.Oneimprovesmuscularactionconsciously.解析：解析：文中指出totheexactextentnecessaryforeachactionyouperform可知C项符合。totheextent某种程度。A.Voluntarymuscles.B.Involuntarymuscles.C.Musclesfibers.√D.Sensorynerves.解析：解析：由“Morethanhalfofaperson’sbodyiscomposedofmuscleC为正确答案。A.Becauseshehasmorevoluntarymusclesthananaverageman.B.Becauseshehasonly60to70percentasmuchmuscleforherbodymassasman's.√C.Becauseshehas60to70percentlessmusclesforherbodymass.D.Becauseshehaslessmusclefiberforherbodyweight.解析：解析：由“Womenhaveonly60to70percentasmuchmuscleasmenfortheirbodymass．”可知B为正确答案。A.Theefficiencyofourmuscles.B.Thenormalbreathingfunction.C.Directionourmusclesintelligently.√D.Theworkofonlyourinvoluntarymuscles.解析：解析：由“Thesixthisamuscularsenseresponsiblefordirectingyourmusclesintelligently”可知C为正确答案。A.Theycanbecomeshorterandthicker.B.Theycanstretch.C.Theyhavesenselinkingthemusclestothebrain.√D.Theycanretracttotheiroriginalposition.解析：解析：从“Theyhavethreeuniquecharacteristics：theycanbecomeshorterandthicker；theycanstretch；andtheycanretracttotheiroriginalposition．”可知C不是肌肉的特性。3.SectionA__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：4.Thethievesfledwiththelocalpolicecloseontheir______.（分数：2.00）A.backsB.necksC.toesD.heels√解析：解析：题干：小偷们在逃窜，其后有当地的警察紧追不舍。onone'sheels是一个固定搭配，意思是“紧随其后，紧追不舍”。其他各项都没有这种用法。因此，应该选择D。5.Afriendshipmaybedeep,lasting,or______,casualandsituational.（分数：2.00）A.criticalB.identicalC.superficial√D.original解析：解析：题干：友谊可以是深厚而持久的，也可以是肤浅、偶然的。critical“吹毛求疵的”；or连接两个意思相反的词，所以选前文deepC正确。6.TheheadoftheMuseumwas______andletusactuallyexaminetheancientmanuscripts.（分数：2.00）A.promisingB.agreeingC.pleasingD.obliging√obliging表示“热心助人的，亲切的”，此含义正好符合句意。promising表示“有希望的，有前途的”，pleasing表示“令人愉快的”，都不符合句意。agree的形容词是agreeable，含义与pleasing相同，没有agreeing这种形式的形容词。7.Itisbelievedthatchildrenoftwoorthreeyearsoldareabletolearnanylanguageiftheyare_____it.（分数：2.00）A.involvedinB.indulgedinC.disposedtoD.exposedto√解析：解析：题干：人们认为，两三岁的孩子能够学习他们所接触到的任何语言。involvesbinsth．意指“使某人参与某活动或陷入某情况，表明某人与(某罪行有关联”；indulgeinsth．指“让自己尽情享受某事物”；disposesb．tosth．指“使某人愿意做某事”；exposetosth．指“显露或暴露某人于某事物，使某人面临某事物或接触某事物”。所以，正确答案为D。8.Timhasfailedthreecoursesthissemester,sohewillhaveto______themnextsemester.（分数：2.00）A.remakeB.repeat√C.reapplyD.revise复”；reapply“重新申请，重新运用”；revise“修订，修改”。用repeat指重复上同样的课，故选B。9.Thetoneofthearticle______thewriter'smoodatthetime.（分数：2.00）A.reproducedB.reflected√C.imaginedD.imitated解析：解析：题干：这篇文章的语气反映了当时的心情。reproduced的意思是“复制，繁衍”；B．reflected是“反映，体现”；C．imaginedD．imitated是“模仿”。因此只有B符合题干。10.Thescientistshavemadean______studyofthevirusesthatcausethedisease.（分数：2.00）A.exhaustedB.exhaustingC.exhaustive√D.exhaustion解析：解析：题干：科学家对导致这种疾病的病毒进行了详尽的研究。exhausted表示(be．wornout“疲exhaustion是名词，意为“耗尽，疲惫，筋疲力尽，竭尽”。综合以上词义，可以判断正确答案为C。11.Inthefaceofunexpecteddifficulties,hedemonstratedatalentforquick,______action.（分数：2.00）A.determiningB.defensiveC.demandingD.decisive√解析：解析：题干：在始料未及的困难面前，他迅速、果断地采取了行动。determining很少出现，一般是determined，意思为“坚定的，坚决的”；defensive意思是“防卫的，防御的”；demanding意思是12.LastSundayshecametovisitusoutoftheblue.Theitalicizedphrasemeans______.（分数：2.00）A.unexpectedly√B.unhappilyC.untidilyD.unofficially解析：解析：题干：上个星期天，她突如其来地拜访了我们。斜体短语outoftheblue和下面哪个单词同义?考查固定用法和副词词义。outoftheblue表示unexpectedly，withoutwarning“未经事先告知地，突如其来地”，A与此含义一致。unhappily“不高兴地”；untidily“不干净地，不整洁地”；unofficially“非正式地”，均与题意不符。13.Theteachertoldthestudentstostayintheclassroomandtheydid______.（分数：2.00）A.absolutelyB.accidentallyC.accordingly√D.accurately解析：解析：题干：老师让学生们待在教室里，他们照做了。absolutely“完全地”，常用来加强语气；accidentally“偶然地，意外地”；accurately“准确地，精确地”，都明显与句意不符。只有C项accordingly“照着，相应地”合适，C正确。14.SectionB__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：15.Thetendencyofthehumanbodytorejectforeignmatteristhemainobstacletosuccessfulorgantransplantation.（分数：2.00）A.factorB.constituentC.breakD.barrier√解析：解析：题干：对外来器官的排斥现象是器官移植的最大障碍。obstacle阻碍，障碍。factor因素，要素；constituent成分，组成要素；break破损，破裂；barrier障碍，阻碍。故答案选D。16.WheneveryouneedTom,heisalwaystherewhetheritbeanearorahelpinghand,soyoucanalwaysleanonhim.（分数：2.00）A.benefitfromB.counton√C.standforD.stickto解析：解析：题干：无论何时，只要你需要汤姆，需要倾听或需要帮助都无所谓，他总会与你同在，你总可以依赖他。leanon依赖。benefitfromcounton依靠，依赖；standfor代表，象征：stickto忠于，信守。故答案选B。17.Thenewsreportscompletelyoverlookedthemoreprofoundpoliticalimplicationsoftheevents.（分数：2.00）A.foresawB.neglected√C.exploredD.assessedoverlookforesaw预见；neglect忽视，忽略；explore探究，探索；assess评估，评定。故答案选B。18.Teachersandnurseswhodealwithchildrenareobligedtoreportcasesofsuspectedchildabusetoauthorities.（分数：2.00）A.remindedB.expectedC.requested√D.compelledoblige要求。remind提醒，使想起；expect期望，预期；request要求；compel强迫，迫使。故答案选C。19.Yourgradewillbebasedinlargepartontheoriginalityofyourideas.（分数：2.00）A.popularityB.creativity√C.feasibilityD.flexibilityoriginalitypopularity流行，人气；creativityfeasibility可行陛；flexibility适应性，灵活性。故答案选B。20.Wesuspectthereisaquitedeliberateattempttosabotagetheelectionsandunderminetheelectoralcommission.（分数：2.00）A.consciousB.desperateC.intentional√D.clumsydeliberateconscious意识到的；desperateintentional策划的，故意的；clumsy愚笨的。故答案选C。21.SostrangewerethecircumstancesofmystorythatIcanscarcelybelievemyselftohavebeenapartytothem.（分数：2.00）A.hardly√B.justC.almostD.definitely解析：解析：题干：我故事里的情形非常奇怪，我几乎无法相信我参加了他们的聚会。scarcely几乎不，几乎没有。hardlyjustalmost差不多，几乎；definitely清楚的，明确的。故答案选A。22.Smokeparticlesandotherairpollutantsareoftentrappedintheatmosphere,thusformingdirtyfog.（分数：2.00）A.caught√B.constrainedC.concealedD.concentrated解析：解析：题干：烟雾微粒和其他空气污染物往往被困在大气中，这样就形成了“脏雾”。trapped使陷入，使困住。caught被抓住，被困住；constrainedconcealed隐蔽，隐藏；concentrated集中。故答案选A。23.Employeesinchemicalfactoriesareentitledtoreceiveextrapayfordoinghazardouswork.（分数：2.00）A.poisonousB.difficultC.harmfulD.dangerous√hazardous有危险的。poisonous有毒的，恶毒的；difficult困难的；harmful有害的；dangerous危险的。故答案选D。24.CurtCarlson,thewealthiestmaninMinnesota,ownedahotelandtravelcompanywithsalesreachingintheneighborhoodof9billion.（分数：2.00）A.preciselyB.merelyC.approximately√D.substantially解析：解析：题干：科特-卡尔森，明尼苏达州的首富，以将近90亿的价格收购了一间饭店和旅游公司。intheneighbourhoodofprecisely精确地，准确地；merely只是，仅仅；approximately大概，大约，接近；substantially大量地。故答案选C。Recentstudiesofthehumanbrainhaveresultedinsomeinterestingdiscoveries.Scientistsbelievethatawaytoimprovethepowerofthebrainmaysoonbepossible.Scientistshavediscoveredthatthebraincanmakeitsowndrugs.Thebrain【C1】______aproteinsubstancewhichcanactdirectly【C2】______thebraintochangeaspectsofmentalactivity.Somemaychangeorimprove,forexample,creativity,intelligence,imagination,andgood【C3______.Chemicalsfoundinthebrain【C4】______messages.InrecentyearsscientistshavefoundchemicalsthatC5】______mood,memoryandotherhappeningsofthemind.About25havebeenfoundC6______.Todaytheroleofchemicalsandtheproteinsubstanceinhumanbehavioriscreatingmuchinterest.Researchseemstoshowthattheymayhelp【C7】______insomnia,pain,andmentalillness.Theyhaveagreat【C8】______tostimulatethebraintoC9______deficiencies.Theyalsoimprovethequalitiesofmemoryandlearningalreadyinthebrain.yC10】______thesecretonmoodandemotion.Somedaytheremaybeachemicalwaytocreateabetterandmoreefficientbrain.分数：20.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.entertainsB.restrainsC.sustainsD.contains√解析：解析：entertain娱乐，招待；restrainsustain撑住，维持；contain包含，容纳。根据上下文，此处应该是“大脑含有一种蛋白质……”。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.againstB.on√C.forD.to解析：解析：acton固定搭配，表示“对……起作用”。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.characterB.temperC.spiritD.memory√解析：解析：本句的Some指代的是前一句的aspectsofmentalactivity。选项中符合大脑活动的只有记忆memory。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.obtainB.acceptC.carry√D.receive解析：解析：本句的意思是“大脑中的化学物质携带信息”。因此选carry，意为“携带”。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.approachB.affect√C.aidD.apply(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.somanyB.somuchC.sofar√D.sogood解析：解析：本句的意思是“迄今为止发现了大约25种化学物质”。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.concealB.compressC.confineD.control√解析：解析：本句的意思是“研究似乎表明它们有助于控制失眠、疼痛和精神疾病”。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.courageB.capacity√C.authorityD.curiosity解析：解析：本句的意思是“它们有一种巨大的能力可以刺激大脑克服缺陷。”(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.containB.contestC.conquer√D.condemn解析：解析：参见上题解释，有“克服”之意的只有选项。(10).C10】（分数：2.00）A.heldB.hold√C.areholdingD.willhold解析：解析：根据上一句，这里的时态应该用一般现在时。Shoulddoctorseverlietobenefittheirpatient—tospeedrecoveryortoconcealtheapproachofdeath?Inmedicineasinlaw,government,andotherlinesofwork,therequirementsofhonestyoftenseemdwarfedbygreaterneeds:theneedtoshelterfrombrutalnewsortoupholdapromiseofsecrecy;toexposecorruptionortopromotethepublicinterest.Whatshoulddoctorssay,forexample,toa46-year-oldmancominginforaroutinephysicalcheckupjustbeforegoingonvacationwithhisfamilywho,thoughhefeelsinperfecthealth,isfoundtohaveaformofcancerthatwillcausehimtodiewithinsixmonths?Isitbesttotellhimthetruth?Ifheasks,shouldthedoctorsdenythatheisill,orminimizethegravityoftheillness?Shouldtheyatleastconcealthetruthuntilafterthefamilyvacation?Doctorsconfrontsuchchoicesoftenandurgently.Attimes,theyseeimportantreasonstolieforthepatient'sownsake;intheireyes,suchliesdiffersharplyfromself-servingones.Studiesshowthatmostdoctorssincerelybelievethattheseriouslyillpatientsdonotwanttoknowthetruthabouttheircondition,andthatinformingthemrisksdestroyingtheirhope,sothattheymayrecovermoreslowly,ordeterioratefaster,perhapsevencommitsuicide.Asonephysicianwrote:"Oursisaprofessionwhichtraditionallyhasbeenguidedbyapreceptthattranscendsthevirtueofutteringthetruthfortruth'ssake,andthatis'asfaraspossibledonoharm."Buttheillusorynatureofthebenefitsisnowcomingtobedocumented.Studiesshowthat,contrarytothebeliefofmanyphysicians,anoverwhelmingmajorityofpatientsdowanttobetoldthetruth,evenaboutgraveillness,andfeelbetrayedwhentheylearnthattheyhavebeenmisled.Wearealsolearningthattruthfulinformation,humanelyconveyed,helpspatientscopewithillness:helpthemtoleratepainbetter,needlessmedicine,andevenrecoverfasteraftersurgery.Thereisurgentneedtodebatethisissueopenly.Notonlyinmedicine,butinotherprofessionsaswell,practitionersmayfindthemselvesrepeatedlyindifficultywhereseriousconsequencesseemavoidableonlythroughdeception.Yetthepublichaseveryreasontobewaryofprofessionaldeception,forsuchpracticesarepeculiarlylikelytobecomedeeplyrooted,tospread,andtoerodetrust.Neitherinmedicine,norinlaw,government,orthesocialsciencescantherebecomfortintheoldsaying,"Whatyoudon'tknowcan'thurtyou."10.00）(1).Accordingtotheauthor'sopinion,lies______.2.00）A.canbenefitthepatientsB.canhelpthepatientstorecoveryC.candonothingtothepatients'illnessD.cannotbenefitthepatients√解析：解析：态度题。在文章的第五段，通过使用but，contrarytomajorityofpatientsdowanttobetoldthetruth，truthfulinformationhelpspatientscopewithillness等文字清楚地表明了自己的观点“欺骗对病人没有好处”，相反，真实的信息有助于病人更好地抵抗病魔。由此可见D是正确答案。(2).Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrue?2.00）A.Mostofthedoctorsbelievethattheseriouslyillpatientsdonotwanttoknowthetruthabouttheircondition.B.Thetruthfulinformationhelpspatientstodealwiththeirillness.C.Thereisaneedtodiscusswhethertolieornottothepatients.D.Itistruethat"Whatyoudon'tknowcan'thurt."√解析：解析：细节题。源于文章的最后一句话：“Neitherinmedicine，norinlawgovernmentorthesocialsciencescantherebecomfortintheoldsaying．‘Whatyoudon’tknowcan’thurtyou因而是错误的。(3).Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?2.00）A.Thereisurgentneedtodebatethisissueopenly.√B.Neitherinmedicine,norinlaw,government,orthesocialsciencescantherebecomfortintheoldsaying."Whatyoudon'tknowcan'thurtyou."C.Thepublichaseveryreasontobewaryofprofessionaldeception.D.Weneedtodiscussthisissueinmedicine,butnotinotherprofessions.解析：解析：主旨题。一般来讲，主题句中包含中心思想，而主题句常常出现在句首，此段的中心意思正是体现在句首的主题句中，因此A是正确答案．(4).Whatdoestheauthormainlydiscussinthepassage?（分数：2.00）A.Deceptionisbeneficialtopatients.B.Whetherpatientsshouldbetoldthetruthoftheirillness.√C.Whetherpatientsreallywanttoknowthetruthoftheirillness.D.Whobenefitsfromdeception.解析：解析：主旨归纳题。通读全文可知，针对医生对病人隐瞒病情这一做法提出质疑：病人应不应该了解真相?了解真相对他们有没有好处?(5).Thereasonsthatthedoctorslietothepatientsare______.2.00）A.seriouslyillpatientsdonotwanttobetoldthetruthB.informingthemrisksdestroyingtheirhopeC.tellingtruthmaymakethemdeterioratefasterD.alltheabove√解析：解析：细节题。参看文章第四段第一句，列举了医生向病人隐瞒真情的原因，包括A，BC选项。Englishspeakerspickuppitchintheoftheirbrains,butspeakersofcertainotherlanguagesperceiveitontheleftaswell.Italldependsonwhatyouwanttolearnfrompitch,DonaldWongoftheIndianaSchoolofMedicineinIndianapolistoldthemeetinglastweek.EarlierstudieshaveshownthatwhenanEnglishspeakerhearspitchchanges,therightprefrontalcortexleapsintoaction.ThisfitsinwiththeideathatemotivenuancesoflanguainEnglishareoftencarriedbytheriseandfallofthe—areperceivedontheright.Butin"tonal"languageslikeThai,MandarinandSwedish,pitchnotonlycarriesemotionalinformation,butcanalsoalterthemeaningofaword.Wongandhiscolleaguessuspectedthataspeakeroftonallanguagewouldregisterpitchintheleftsideofthebrain—inparticularBroca'sarea,whichprocessesthelinguisticcontentoflanguage.Totestthis,theteamaskedEnglishspeakersandThaispeakerstolistento80pairsofThaiwords,andtrackedthebloodflowintheirbrainsusingpositronemissiontomography.Thevolunteershadtodecidewhetherthetwowordssoundedthesame,eitherbyconsonantorbytone.Insomeeases,thewordshadnointelligiblemeaning.Noneofthewordswasemotionallycharged,soevenwhenThaispeakerscouldunderstandthem,therewasnoright-sideactivation.ButsureenoughtheThaispeakersconsistentlylituptheleftsideofthebrain,especiallyBroca'sarea,whiletheEnglishspeakersdidnot.TheresearchersarenowplanningtorepeattheexperimentwithThaispeakersusingwholesentences,completewithemotionalinformation."Bothhemisphereswillbeengaged."predictsWong.10.00）(1).Thereasonwhypitchisregisteredontherighthemisphere,accordingtothepassage,isthatit______.2.00）A.belongstotheEnglishlanguageexclusivelyB.isanemotivenuanceoflanguage√C.canbeeasilyheardD.isaregularsoundemotive(感情的)nuances()oflanguage。(2).Whentheemotion-freewordswereheardinthetest,they______.2.00）A.wereregisteredontheEnglishspeakers'righthemispheresB.sloweddownthebloodflowinthevolunteers'brainsC.activatedtheThaispeakers'lefthemispheres√D.soundedexactlythesametothevolunteers解析：解析：细节题。倒数第二段讲到实验中所有讲出来的词都不带任何感情，但是泰语讲话者大脑左半球却很活跃。(3).Atonallanguage______.（分数：2.00）A.possessesnopitchB.carriespitchwithdualfunctions√C.issuperiortotheEnglishlanguageD.holdsmorelinguisticcontentthanEnglish解析：解析：细节题。答案在第三段开头。从此处可见“tonal”languages有双重作用。(4).InWong'sfutureexperiment,thevolunteers______.（分数：2.00）A.willuseeithertheirrightorlefthemisphereB.willusebothEnglishandatonallanguageC.willlistentoemotionally-chargedsentences√D.willlistentomorepairsofemotionally-chargedwords解析：解析：细节题。文章最后一段讲到研究者正在计划再次对使用泰语的讲话者进行实验，这次让他们读带有完整感情色彩的整句话。(5).Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?（分数：2.00）A.Twohemispherestothesoundofspeech.B.Twofunctionsofpitchinlanguage.C.Twohemispheresofthehumanbrain.D.Twolanguagesandtwohemispheres.√解析：解析：主旨题。文章主要讲述了不同的语言所对应的大脑两个半球的活动。Britishscientistsarepreparingtolaunchtrialsofaradicalnewwaytofightcancer,whichkillstumoursbyinfectingthemwithviruseslikethecommoncold.Ifsuccessful,virustherapycouldeventuallyformathirdpillaralongsideradiotherapyandchemotherapyinthestandardarsenalagainstcancer,whileavoidingsomeofthedebilitatingside-effects.LeonardSeymour,aprofessorofgenetherapyatOxfordUniversity,whohasbeenworkingontherapywithcolleaguesinLondonandtheUS,willleadthetrialslaterthisyear.CancerResearchUKsaidyesterdaythatitwasexcitedbythepotentialofProf.Seymour'spioneeringtechniques.Oneofthecountry'sleadinggeneticists,Prof.Seymourhasbeenworkingwithvirusesthatkillcancercellsdirectly,whileavoidingharmtohealthytissue."Inprinciple,you'vegotsomethingwhichcouldbemanytimesmoreeffectivethanregularchemotherapy,"hesaid.Cancer-killingvirusesexploitthefactthatcancercellssuppressthebody'slocalimmunesystem.cancerdoesn'tdothat,theimmunesystemwipesitout.Ifyoucangetavirusintoatumour,virusesfindthemaverygoodplacetobebecausethere'snoimmunesystemtostopthemreplicating.Youcanregarditasthecancer'sAchilles'Onlyasmallamountofthevirusneedstogettothecancer."Theyreplicate,yougetamillioncopiesineachcellandthecellburstsandtheyinfectthetumourcellsadjacentandrepeattheprocess,"saidProf.Seymour.Preliminaryresearchonmiceshowsthatthevirusesworkwellontumoursresistanttostandardcancerdrugs."It'saninterestingpossibilitythattheymayhaveanadvantageinkillingdrug-resistanttumours,whichcouldbequitedifferenttoanythingwe'vehadbefore."Researchershaveknownforsometimethatvirusescankilltumourcellsandsomeaspectsoftheworkhavealreadybeenpublishedinscientificjournals.Americanscientistshavepreviouslyinjectedvirusesdirectlyintotumoursbutthistechniquewillnotworkifthecancerisinaccessibleorhasspreadthroughoutthebody.Prof.Seymour'sinnovativesolutionistomaskthevirusfromthebody'simmunesystem,effectivelyallowingthevirusestodowhatchemotherapydrugsdospreadthroughthebloodandreachtumourswherevertheyare.Thebighurdlehasalwaysbeentofindawaytodelivervirusestotumoursviathebloodstreamwithoutthebody'simmunesystemdestroyingthemontheway."Whatwe'vedoneismakechemicalmodificationstothevirustoputapolymercoataroundit-it'sastealthviruswhenyouinjectit,"hesaid.Afterthestealthvirusinfectsthetumour,itreplicates,butthecopiesdonothavethechemicalmodifications.Iftheyescapefromthetumour,thecopieswillbequicklyrecognisedandmoppedupbythebody'simmunesystem.Thetherapywouldbeespeciallyusefulforsecondarycancers,calledmetastases,whichsometimesspreadaroundthebodyafterthefirsttumourappears."There'sanawfulstatisticofpatientsinthewest...withmalignantcancers;75%ofthemgoontodiefrommetastases,"saidProf.Seymour.Twovirusesarelikelytobeexaminedinthefirstclinicaltrials:adenovirus,whichnormallycausesacold-likeillness,andvaccinia,whichcausescowpoxandisalsousedinthevaccineagainstsmallpox.Forsafetyreasons,bothwillbedisabledtomakethemlesspathogenicinthetrial,butProf.Seymoursaidheeventuallyhopestousenaturalviruses.Thefirsttrialswilluseuncoatedadenovirusandvacciniaandwillbedeliveredlocallytolivertumours,inordertoestablishwhetherthetreatmentissafeinhumansandwhatdosewillbeneeded.Severalmoreyearsoftrialswillbeneeded,eventuallyalsoonthepolymer-coatedviruses,beforethetherapycanbeconsideredforuseintheNHS.Thoughtheapproachwillbeexaminedatfirstforcancersthatdonotrespondtoconventionaltreatments,Prof.Seymourhopesthatonedayitmightbeappliedtoallcancers.（分数：10.00）(1).Whatisthepassagemainlyconcernedabout?2.00）A.Newweapontofightcancer.√B.Chemicalmodificationstothevirus.C.Genetherapytocancers.D.Genetherapyofvirustherapy.scientistsarepreparingtolaunchtrialsofaradicalnewwaytofightcancer,whichkillstumoursbyinfectingthemwithviruseslikethecommoncold(英国科学家正准备进)因此选A战胜癌症的新武器。(2).WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?2.00）A.CancerResearchUKisquitehopefulaboutProfessorSeymour'sworkonthevirustherapy.B.Cancer'sAchilles'heelreferstothefactthatvirusmaystaysafelyinatumorandreplicate.C.Toinfectthecancercells,agooddealofvirusesshouldbeinjectedintothetumor.√D.Researchesonanimalsindicatethatvirususedasanewwaytotreatdrug-resistanttumors.6段第1句：Onlyasmallamountofthevirusneedstogettothecancer(只需一小部分病毒进入癌细胞即可。)这与C选项中的agooddealofviruses(许多病毒)不符，因此选C。(3).Informationaboutresearchesonviruseskillingtumorcellscanbefound______.2.00）A.onTVB.inmagazines√C.onInternetD.innewspapers解析：解析：细节题。见第8段第1句：Researchershaveknownforsometimethatvirusescankilltumourcellsandsomeaspectsoftheworkhavealreadybeenpublishedinscientificjournals(研)journal意思是“日报、期刊、杂志”。只有B杂志属于journal的范畴。(4).Totreattumorsspreadingoutinbody,researcherstryto______.（分数：）A.changethebody'immunesystemB.injectchemotherapydrugsintobloodstreamC.increasetheamountofinjectionD.disguisethevirusesonthewaytotumors√解析：解析：词汇题。见第9段第1句：Prof．Seymour’sinnovativesolutionistomaskthevirusfromthebody’simmunesystem，．．．(西摩教授创新的解决办法是掩饰病毒让人体的免疫系统识别不出来……)。“mask”的意思是“掩盖，隐蔽，伪装”，在这里和“disguise”