09-2013年五年四川高考英语试题分析及2014考前准备之动词时态

09-2013年五年四川高考英语试题分析及2014考前准备之动词时态LtD第七章动词的时态和语态一、动词的时态：时态（tense）是谓语动词所表示感谢的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式、英语动词有16种时态，现以动词do为例。将16种不同的时态列表如下：一般进行完成完成进行现在IdoIamdoingIhavedoneIhavebeendoing过去IdidIwasdoingIhaddoneIhadbeendoing将来IshalldoIshallbedoingIshallhavedoneIshallhavebeendoing过去将来IshoulddoIshouldbedoingIshouldhavedoneIshouldhavebeendoing但是常用的只有11种I．一般现在时（simplepresenttense）①一般现在时的构成主要由动词原型表示，当主语为单数第三人称时选(D)※HewillhavelearnedEnglishforeightyearsbythetimehefromtheuniversitynextyearA.willgraduateB.graduatesC.willhavegraduatedD.istograduate选(D)③有时一般现在表按计划,规定要发生的动作.但限于少数动词。如begincome,leave,go,arrive,start,stop,return,open,close如:whattimedoesthetrainleaveforTibet?去西藏的火车什么时候开?Theplanetakesoffat9:00a.m.飞机在上午9:00起飞.Thefilmstartsat6:30pm.TomorrowisSunday.④表示状态和感觉的动词。如belike,hate,think,remember,find,sound,datefrom,datebackto,等常用一般现在时.如IlikeEnglishverymuch.Thestorysoundsverytouching.⑤书报的标题,以说的情节介绍,图片说明大都用一般现在时如WhytheBatComesOutOnlyatNight?为什么蝙蝠只在夜晚出来(故事标题)Ihavereadthestory“TheCockCrowsatMidnight”.我读过“半夜鸡叫”那个故事⑥表示客观真理,科学事实和格言Lighttravelsfasterthansound.WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.Strikewhileitishot.二、一般过去时（simplepasttense）1．规则动词一般过去时的构成a.一般情况下，在词尾加上“ed”work+edopen+edb.以“e”结尾加“d”live+dlike+dmove+dc.以辅音字母加“y”结尾的,变“y”为“i”+edtry-triedcarry-carriedd.以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写辅音字母，再加ed:stop-stoppedbeg-begged2．用法①主要用于过去某时间发生的事或存在的状态。Heworkedinaglassworksin1998.Hecalledonmethedayhearrivedhere.他到达这儿的当天就拜访了我。Heusedtoliveinthecountryside.※salesofCDShavegreatlyincreasedsincetheearly1990SwhenpeopletoenjoytheadvantagesofthisnewtechnologyA.beginB.beganC.havebegunD.hadbeginWhen为关系副词，所指具体过去时间theearly1990S所以选B※——Imsorry,butthereisnosmokingroominthissectiononthetrain.——Oh,Ithat,andIwon’tsmokeagainA.don’tknow?B.won’tknowC.didn’tknowD.haven’tknown选C我刚才不知道※——Haveyoupersuadedhim?——Yes,Aftersomehoursofdiscussion,Itoreasonhiminacceptingthenewplan.A.hadmanagedB.wouldmanageC.havemanagedD.managed选D对已知结果的情况下,不再用现在完成时,而用过去时。※——whatismynewdresslike?——Itisniceonyou.SorryIdidn’tsaysoon.没早点说。※——IthistimeTomcarefulenough,otherwisehewouldnothavepassedthetest.A.willbeB.wasC.hadbeenD.were选（B）※——What’stheweatherliketomorrow,John?——WellIit,forthescenepicturesdrewmyattentionastheweatherforecastwasgoingon.A.wasmissingB.willmissC.havemissedD.missed刚才错过了。选（D）②表示过去经常发生的动作，也可用usedto+V/would+V如Heoftencametohelpus.IusedtogoboatingasaChild③一般过去时用于现在，表示语气的委婉客气。A：Couldyoulendmeahand?B：itcouldbeveryinterestingtowatchanArabandanEnglishmantalkingtogether.三、一般将来时的用法（simplefuturetense）1、一般将来时的几种构成形式。①will/shall+do/be（动词原型）②begoingto+动词原型③beto+动词原型④beaboutto+动词原型⑤be+go/come/start/move/sail/leave/stay的进行时,表按计划将发生的动作2、用法①will/shall+v表将要发生的动作或情况。Iwill/shallarrivenextweek.Whenwillyoubeabletoanswerme?Hewillbeeighteenyearsoldnextyear.※will表一种倾向或意愿。Shall多当第一人称I/we连用，若与第二、三人称连用则表征求意见，允诺、命令、强制语意。丽莎工作室扣扣3683237如Fishwilldiewithoutwater.（一定会，必然会）Youare19nowYouwillbe20nextyear.（倾向）ShallMarycomeandplaywillus?（征求意见）Youshallgetapresentonyourbirthday.（允诺）Thedoorshallnotbeopened.（命令、警告）②begoingto+Va.表示经过周密考虑安排将要发生的事情或肯定要发生的事情。Theyaregoingtobuildahousenextmonth.（表示安排）Thereisgoingtoberaintomorrow.（表示肯定要发生的事）b.表示现在有迹象表明要发生的动作（即根据客观情况，推测将要发生的动作）Lookattheblackclouds.Thereisgoingtobeastorm.Goadheavens!ImusthurryI’mgoingtobelate.c.begoingto+V可以用于条件状从中，will/shall不可以如Ifyouaregoingtoseethefilmthisevening,youhadbettertakeanumbrellawithyour.d.一般来说，带有条件状从的主句，谓动不宜用begoing+to+V的句型A．不可以说：Waterisgoingtobeturnedintosteamifitisheatedtoitsboilingpoint.只可以说：Wateristurned/willbeturnedintosteamifitisheatedtoitsboilingpoint.如果水加热到沸点，它会变成水蒸气（表客观事实）B．Thesunisgoingtoriseat6:30tomorrowmorning.(×)Thesunwillriseat6:30tomorrowmorning.(√)（太阳升起来的动作不是安排的，也不是推测，而是自然现象）C.Heisgoingtobe18yearsoldnextyear.(×)Hewillbe18yearsoldnextyear.（客观事实）(√)③beto+Va.表按计划、安排将要发生的事b.表命令c.用于条件状从中d.表目的e.表用途f.表命中注定如Wearetogoshoppingtonight.（计划、安排）Youaretocomebackby11:00pm.（命令）Theknifeistocutwith.（用途）※Ifyoubeintimefortheearlybus,besuretogetupbeforefiveo’clockinthemorning.A.aretoB.areabouttoC.aregoingtoD.areduetoareto+V=wantto+V选（A）※ThereisnodoubtthattheUNthemostimportantroleinthereconstructionofIraq.A.istoplayB.oughttoplayC.isabouttoplayD.willhaveplayedIstoplay“注定要”选（A）④beaboutto+V=beonthepointofdoing（when）表示“即将”“马上”要发生的动作，不能与时间状语连用。Iamabouttoleavewhenthephonerings.丽莎工作室扣扣3683237四、现在进行时（presentcontinuoustense）1)现在进行时表示现在进行的动作be+v-ing。be+prep/adv表进行的意义。如Thingsaregettingbetterandbetter.Thebridgeisunderconstruction.2)表示感觉，愿望，和状态的某些动词。如have,hear,see,live，hate,think，remember,find，sound，belongto,haveon不用进行时。3)表示反复出现的或习惯性动作，这种用法常表示说话人的某种感情，如赞扬、讨厌、或不满常与alwaysconstantlycontinually，forever连用。A．Heisalwaysthinkingforothers.总是为别人着想（赞扬）B．Youarealwaysbeinglateforclass.（讨厌）4）用于hope,find,want,wonder等的进行时表一种委婉语气，他们的过去进行时则更显客气，委婉。Wearehopingyouwillgetwellverysoon.5)某些动词的进行时表示“几乎”“差一点”=nearlydoA.I’mforgettingthatIpromisedtotakeyoutoShanghai.B.Hewasbelievingwhatthecheatsaid.6)进行时可以表示动作的暂时性，并不是说话时在进行的动作。Mywatchisworkingperfectly.（目前走准）7）be的进行体表达某种特殊含义（如短暂性，临时性）一般与下列adj连用brave,angryclever,polite/foolish,kind/shy,friendly,careless,careful。A.youarebeingveryclever.（你今天很聪明）B.Theyarebeingfriendly.（临时性的）※Listentothetwogirlsbythewindow.Whatlanguage?A.didtheyspeakB.weretheyspeakingC.aretheyspeakingD.havetheybeenspeaking?Listen“听”可见是正在讲。选C※——What’sthematter?※——Theshoesdon’tfitproperly.Theymyfeet.A.arehurtingB.willhurtC.havehurtD.arehurt选（A）8)在一定场合和语气中，进行时态含有否定意义。Youaretellingme.这事不用你说。Youarewastingtime.别浪费时间了。五、过去进行时（pastcontinuoustense）1、构成：was/were+v-ing2、用法：①表示过去某一时刻或过去某一段时间正在发生的动作。Thistimeyesterdaywewereplayingfootball.Whatwereyoudoingfrom7:00to9:00lastnight?Hewasgoingoverhislessonsalldayyesterday.②过去进行时与always，constantly,forever等连用时具有浓厚的感情色彩，要么赞扬，要么讨厌。Hewascontinuallychanginghismind.(表示讨厌)③在时间和条件状从中，可以用过去进行时和一般过去时同时出现在同一句子里，表一个动作发生另一动作也发生A．Maryburntherhandwhenshewascookingdinner.B．IfelloverwhenIwascycling.※——What’swrongwithyourcoat?——JustnowwhenIwantedtogetoffthebus,themannexttomeonit.A.satB.hadsatC.hadbeensittingD.wassitting选（D）※——HasTomfinishedhisjobyet?——Ihavenoideaofit,heitthismorningA.hasbeendoingB.hadbeendoingC.didD.wasdoing表过去一段时间正在性的动作。今天整个上午都在做。选（D）※——Canyougivemetherightanswer?——Sorry,I,wouldyoupleaserepeatit?A.hadn’tlistenedB.haven’tlistenedC.don’tlistenD.wasn’tlistening我当时那一刻没有听。选（D）※——WhatwereyouuptowhenIphonedyoulastnight?—ItheTVandtobed.A.hadturnedoff;wentB.wasturningoff;hadgoneC.turnedoff,hadgoneD.hadturnedoff,.wasgoing选（D）六、现在完成时（presentperfecttense）1、构成：have/has+p.p2、用法：①表示动作发生在过去，但对现在有影响，句中没有具体时间状语。A．Hehasgonetoparis(=Hewenttoparisandheisnotherenow)B．Ihaveopenedthewindow(=Iopenedthewindowandthewindowisopen)②表示动作发生在过去，一直处延续到现在。A．TheyhavelivedinBeijingfor20years.B．Ihaveknownhimsincewewerechildren.C．HehaslearnedEnglishforyears.D．Thefilmhasbeenonfor10minutes.E.Hehasbeeninthearmyfor3years.(√)Hehasjoinedthearmyfor3years.(×)Hehasbecomeasoldierfor3years.(×)③现在完成时可以和alreadyyet,ever,never.以及before,recently,lately,oflate,oncejustsofir.today,inthelast(past)fewyears,eversince,tillnow,todate,uptonow,byendof连用.A.Shehasalreadyfinishedhiswork.Ihavenotseenseenheryet.Ihavebeenbusylately/recentlyoflate.B.ItisthefirsttimethatIhavebeenhere.※untilthenSiemens10,000thyristorValves.A.producedB.hasbeenproducingC.hasproducedD.hadproduceduntilthen=uptothen到那时与过去完成时连用uptonow当现在完成时连用选（D）※ThepriceofcomputerswhilethatofcolorTVsetsonlytomorethan1,000yuan.A.isgoingup;hasbeenbroughtdownB.hasgoneup;arebeingbroughtdown.C.hasbeengoneup;hasbroughtdownD.hasbeengoneup;isbroughtdown.注:goup为不及物动词词组排除,C/Dprice/that为单数排除B选（A）※Hearticlesforourwall-newspaperthesethreeyearsandheaboutfortyarticles.A.hasbeenwriting,haswrittenB.hasbeenwriting,wroteC.iswriting,hasbeenwritingD.haswritten;haswrittenhasbeenwriting一直在写,还会写.haswritten已写完.选（A）七、过去完成时（pastperfecttense）1、构成：助动词had+pp2、用法：①表示过去某一具体时间或过去某一段时间以前完成了的动作。A．Ihadwrittenthearticlewhenhecamein.B．IhadnotheardofhimforsometimebeforeImethim.C．uptothenwehadproduced1,000cars.D．Thehousewasdirty,Wehadn’tcleaneditforweeks.②在间接引语中代替直接引语中的现在完成时或一般过去时。A．Hesaidthathehadlivedtherefor5years.Hesaid,“Ihavelivedhavefor5years”.B．Hesaidthathehadseenhimtwodaysbefore.Hesaid“Isawhimtwodaysago”.③动词hope,want,expect,think,suppose,mean,plan.wish等的过去完成时常用表示过去未曾实现的打算，愿望。A．Wehadhopedthatyouwouldbeabletovisitus.我们本希望你们能来看望我们（结果你们没来）B．Theyhadwantedtohelpbutcouldn’tgetthereintime.C．Ihadmeanttocallonyou,butwaspreventedfromdoingso.我本打算来拜访你，但有事来不了。④用wouldlike,/lovetohavedone也表示过去未曾宁实现的打算，愿望或意图。A．Iwouldlovetohavegonetothepartylastnight,butIhadtoworkextrahourstothefinishareport.B．Wewouldliketohavegonetothematch,buttheticketswereallsoldout.⑤常用过去完成时的句型。a.Hardly/Scarcelyhadsbdonewhen+----nosoonerhadsbdonethan+-----b.Itwasthefirst/second…timethatsb+haddonec.Ifsbhaddone,…sbwouldhavedone.(表示与过去的事实相反)Ifyouhadcomeherethreeminutesearlier,youwouldhaveseenhim.d.wish+sbhaddone（对过去事实的虚拟）eg.IwishIhadfollowedyouradvice.e.AwouldratherB+haddoneeg.Iwouldratheryouhadnotdoneityesterday.※—HaveyoubroughtyourIDcard?—MyGod!IofitbeforeleavinghomeA.hadremindedB.havebeenremindedC.hadbeenremindedD.havebeenreminded选（C）※—GeorgeandLucygotmarriedlastweek.-Didyougototheirwedding?—No，I。Didtheyhaveabigwedding?A.wasnotinvitedB.havenotbeeninvitedC.hadn’tbeeninvitedD.didn’tinvite选（C）八、过去将来时（futuretenseinthepast）1、构成：A.would/should+VB.was/weregoingto+VC.was/wereto+VD.was/wereaboutto+V2、用法：①用在间接引用语中（即宾语从句中）ItoldhimthatIwould/shouldseehimoffattherailwaystation.②不用于间接引语中，也可以用过去将来时。LastSundayweweregoingtogoforapicnicbutitrained.③用在if引导的虚拟语气中和wish从句中IfIwereabird,Iwould+flytothemoon.④would当usedto表过去常常a.表示过去经常发生的动作惯常行为“时两者可互用”Hewould/usedtogetupearlyb.表示“过去经常的状态”而不是“行为”“动作”时，只用“usedto+V”。egThereusedtobeaschoolhere（3）强调“今昔对比”还有“现在已不再那样”时只用usedto。Peopleusedtothinkthatthesunmovedroundtheearth.（4）would常表示“意愿，乐意”做的事，因此下列场合不同would而用usedto。Mymotherusedtosufferfromheadaches.（5）表“认为”心理状态的词只与usedto连用。Weusedtothink/believe/consider/feel※Whenhewasthere,hegotothatcoffeeshopatthecornereveryday.A.wouldB.shouldC.hadbetterD.might选（A）“过去常常”※Ilivewithmysisterthissummeranddidn’thavetopayrentSoIsavemostofmysalary.A.couldB.wouldC.wasabletoD.should选（C）经过一番努力干成什么事九、现在完成进行时（presentperfectcontinuoustense）1、构成：have/has+been+v-ing2、用法：①用现在完成进行时，表示从过去某一时刻一直延续到现在的动作，这个动作可能刚刚结束，也可能仍然在继续。如：Wehavebeenhopingwe’llhaveachancetovisittheGreatWallofChina.②有些动词如work,study,live,teach等用现在完成时与用现在完成进行时意思差不多。如Ihaveworkedherefor10yearshavebeenworkinghere但多数动词在这两种时态中表示不同意思。Ihavewrittenaletter.（已写完）Ihavebeenwritingaletter.（还在写）Theyhavebuiltthehouse.他们建好了房子。Theyhavebeenbuildingthehouse.他们一直在建房子。③表示短暂动作的动词如finish,marry,getup,come,go等不能用这种时态。④表示到说话时间为止的某一段时间内一再重复发生的动作。（并不是没有停止过）如A.Theoldmenhavebeendrinkingteaalltheafternoon.那几个老人整个下午一直在喝茶（表示有停顿的动作）B.Ihavebeentelephoningyouseveraltimesintwodays.两天来我一直多次给你打电话（表示有停顿的动作）※（NEMT2006）Iwon’ttellthestudentstheanswertothemathproblemuntilheonitformorethananhour.A.hasbeenworkingB.willhaveworkedC.willhavebeenworkingD.hadworked选（A）十、一般将来完成时1、构成：willhave+p.p.2、用法：表示到将来某一时间为止完成的行为，与by+将来时间连用。如Wewillhavelearned4,000Englishwordsbynextterm.※Themeetingtendaysbythetimeitends.A.musthavelastedB.willhavelastedC.wouldlastD.haslasted.选（B）如HewillhavelearnedEnglishforeightyearsbythetimehegraduatesfromuniversitynextyear※—MayIcometoseeyourbossat4:00tomorrowafternoon?—I’mafraidhetoTokyoA.willflyB.flewC.willhaveflownD.isflying选（C）十一、一般将来进行时1、构成：willbe+v-ing2、用法：在将来某个时间正在进行的动作。如IWillbehavingametingat4:00tonight.HewillbelearningEnglishthefollowingdays.※—DidyouwritetoGracelastsummer?—No,butI’dheroverChristmasVacation.A．beseenB．beseeingC．haveseenD．havebeenseeing选（B）※—ShallIcallatyourhouseat7:00pmtomorrow?—Iawalkintheparksoyouwon’tfindmeathomethen.A.shallbetakingB.shalltakeC.willtakeD.amtaking.选（A）（二）动词的被动语态（passivevoice）1、概说当主语是动作的承受者时，谓语动词要用被动语态。2、被动语态的构成助动词get/be+过去分词3、被动语态的用法。①当动作的执行者不明确或者没有必要指出来时，谓语动词要用被动语态。如A.HewillbepraisedatTomorrow’smeeting.B.Thisbookhasbeentranslatedintomanylanguage.C.Thepeople’sRepublicofChinawasfoundedin1949.D.Thehouseisbeingbuiltnow.注：在完成句子中经常会遇到此种情形例：______(必须采取行动)protecttheenvironment.答案：Actionmustbetakento此句中并没有给出动作发出者，所以直接使用被动语态来表达，而没有必要加动作发出者。②强调或突出动作的承受者A．Theplanhasalreadybeenmade.B．WangPingmaybeelectedmonitorofourclass.③如果一个句子既有直接宾语，又有间接宾语，句子变为被动语态时，只能将其中一个宾语变为主语。（常带双宾的动词有give,send,ask,teach,show,allowtell,call等）多数情况下都是把间接宾语（通常指人的名词）转变成主语，更符合英语的习惯。Hegavemesomebooks.Somebooksweregiventome.Iwasgivensomebooks.Heshowedmetheplacewherehelived.Theplacewherehelivedwasshowntome.Iwasshowntheplacewherehelived.④“动词+名词+介词”结构变为被动动态。payattentionto/playarolein/takepridein/makeuseof/takegoodcareofA.Youshouldpayattentiontoyourpronunciation.Attentionshouldbepaidtoyourpronunciation.Yourpronunciationshouldbepaidattention.toB.Youmustmakegooduseofyourtime.Goodusemustbemadeofyourtime.Yourtimemustbemadegooduseof.⑤在把“peoplesay/think,know,believe,understand,consider/supposethat+宾语从句”变成被动语态时，可以用下列两种形式。PeoplesaythatTomisagoodstudent.Tomissaidtobeagoodstudent.ItissaidthatTomisagoodstudent.⑥带有形式宾语it的句子，也可以变成被语态。如：think/make/consider/find/feelit+adj+todoWethinkitimportanttolearnEnglishwell.ItisthoughtimportanttolearnEnglishwell.⑦原则上讲，只有及物动词有被动语态，不及物动词没有被动语态。但有的不及物动词在和介词结合构成短语动词时，有意义上相当于一个及物动词，因此也有被动语态。A．Hewasbeinglaughedat.B．Thepatienthasbeenoperatedon.C．Hewillbelookedafterbythenurse.⑧当宾语是反身代词，相互代词（eachother,oneanother）时，或当宾语是主语身体上的某一部位时，当宾语是表示处所的名词时，都不可变成被动语态。A．Heisoldenoughtolookafterhimself.B．Heputhishandonhischest.C．HejoinedthearmylastyearD．Weoftenhelpeachother.⑨下列几种情况动词不定式的主动形式表示被动含义1）不定式作定语不定式与它所修饰的名词有动宾关系，且与句子的主语有主动关系时。Ihavesomeclothestowashtoday.Hedoesn’thaveenoughtodrink.对比I’llgotoTokyotomorrowDoyouhaveanythingtobetakenthere?（我帮你带去）I’llgotoTokyotomorrowLook!Ihavelotsofthingstotakethere.我自己带去。2）当不定式作表语形容词的状语，不定式置于easyharddifficultcomfortable,deep,good,niceimportant,strange,adj后作状语，且与句中主语构成动宾语关系，用主动形式表被动意义。Hisphonenumberiseasytoremember.Thechairiscomfortabletositin．Thequestionisdifficulttoanswer.Milkisgoodtodrink.（不用tobedrunk）3）在Therebe句型中修饰主语的不定式，用主动形式比被动形式更常见。Thereismuchworktodo/tobedone.但在nothing,anything和something后，使用两种语态表示的意思有所不同。Thereisnothingtodo（没有事可做）tobedone（没有办法）4）在“This/Thatis+n”的句型中，修饰表语的不定式用主动形式表被动意义。Thisisahardquestiontoanswer.而不用tobeansweredThatisagoodplacetovisit.而不用tobevisited5）不定式tolet,toseek,toblame常用主动形式表被动含义.Nobodyistoblamefortheaccident.这个事故,谁也不会受到责怪.Thecaristolet.此业出租。Theevidence/reasonisnottoseek.证据不难找。6）以人作主语时，worthy后的不定式用主动形式和被动形式都可以，但二者意义不同。Heisworthytotakehisposition他配担任他的职务。（不定式动作是主语发出）tobechosen他不配当选。（不定式动作不是主语发出）7）英语中有些动词能用主动语态表示被动意义。1.①Arethegoodssellingwell?这些商品好卖吗？②Thedoorwon’tlock.门锁不上。③Didyourplansworkoutsuccessfully?你们的计划进展顺利吗？④Theplayisactingwonderfullywell.这场戏演得非常成功。⑤Thepenwritessmoothly/well.这笔好写。2.表示开始、结束、运动，如：begin,finish,start,open,close,stop,end,shut,run,move等。例：Workbeganat7.工作在七点钟开始。Theshopcloseswhenthesunsets.商店在太阳下山时关门。3.系动词look,sound,taste,smell,appear,seem,go,prove,turn,stay,become,fall,get,grow,keep等+形容词或名词构成系表结构。例：Themilksmellssour.牛奶闻起来有点酸。Hisplanprove(tobe)reasonable.他的计划证明是合理的。4.介词in,on,under等+名词构成介词短语表被动表示方位的介词与含动词意义的名词合用，含被动意义其意义相当于该名词相应动词的被动形式，名词前一般不用冠词常见的有：undercontrol(受控制)，undertreatment(在治疗中)，underrepair(在修理中)，underdiscussion(在讨论中)，underconstruction(在施工中)，beyondbelief(令人难以置信)，beyondone’sreach(鞭长莫及)，beyondone’scontrol(无法控制)，beyondourhope(我们始料不及)，forsale(待售)，forrent(出租)，inprint(在印刷中)，insight(在视野范围内)，onsale(出售)，onshow(展出)，ontrial(受审)，outofcontrol(失控)，outofsight超出视线之外)，outofone’sreach(够不着)，outoffashion(过时的)。例：Thebuildingisunderconstruction.(Thebuildingisbeingconstructed)大厦建设当中。Theplaneisoutofcontrol.(Theplanecan’tbecontrolled.)飞机已经失控。8）被动语态与过去分词作表语的区别。a.过去分词作表语表示状态。b.被动语态表示动作。①Iam（very）interestedinEnglish.Iwasinterestedbywhathetoldme.我对英语（非常）感兴趣。（作表语）他告诉我的事情引起了我的兴趣。（被动式）②Thebookiswellwritten.这本书写得非常好。（作表语）Thebookwaswrittenbyateacher.这书是一位老师写的。（被动式）③Hewasinjuredintheleg.他伤在腿上。（作表语）Hehadbeeninjuredtwicethatyear.那年他两次受伤。（被动式）注：get+过去分词表示被动时，通常只表示动作，不表示状态，常用来表达不合心意的事情。如：gethurt（受伤）getslapped（挨打）getdismissed（被开除）getkilled（被杀）getcaught（被抓）getwounded（受伤了）getinfectedwith（被感染）注：get+excited/lost/married/tired/drunk表状态。丽莎工作室扣扣3683237全国最新试题总汇【2013北京】23.Shakespeare’splayHamlet intoatleasttendifferentfilmsoverthepastyears.A.hadbeenmade B.wasmadeC.hasbeenmade D.wouldbemade1【答案】C【解析】考查动词时态。根据此句标志词overthepastyears应使用现在完成时态。故选C。【2013北京】25.---DoyouthinkMomandDad late?---No,SwissAirisusuallyontime.A.were B.willbe C.wouldbe D.havebeen2【答案】B【解析】考查动词时态。根据句意：你认为父母会迟到吗？可知答案为一般将来时态，故选B。【2013北京】28.Hurryup!MarkandCarl us.A.expect B.areexpecting C.haveexpected D.willexpect3【答案】B【解析】考查动词时态。根据Hurryup!可知，Mark和Carl正在等我们。故选B，现在进行时态。【2013北京】32.---Sowhatistheprocedure?---Alltheapplicants beforeafinaldecisionismadebytheauthority.A.interview B.areinterviewingC.areinterviewed D.arebeinginterviewed4【答案】C【解析】考查动词的语态和时态。句中applicants与interview之间为被动关系，应使用被动语态；且句子所描述的为一般情况，故用一般现在时态的被动语态。故选C。【2013福建】23.Thefamousmusician,aswellashisstudents,_______toperformattheopeningceremonyofthe2012TaipeiFlowerExpo.A.wereinvitedB.wasinvitedC.havebeeninvitedD.hasbeeninvited5【答案】B【解析】考查主谓一致和动词时态。题干主语中心词为介词短语aswellas之前的musician，故谓语使用单数，排除AC；再根据句中标志性词语attheopeningceremonyofthe2012TaipeiFlowerExpo可知应使用一般过去时态。故答案为B。【2013福建】26.Thegirlhasagreatinterestinsportand______badmintonclassestwiceaweekoverthelastthreeyears.A.tookB.istakingC.takesD.hasbeentaking6【答案】D【解析】考查动词时态。根据句中标志词overthelastthreeyears可知答案为D。【2013湖南】22.“Whatdoyouwanttobe?”askedMrs.Crawford.“Oh,I________president,”saidtheboy,withasmile.A.havebeen B.am C.was D.willbe7【答案】D【解析】考查动词时态。根据问句：你想当什么？可知时态为一般将来时态，故答案选D。【2013湖南】24.Aroundtwoo’clockeverynight,Suewillstarttalkinginherdream.Itsomewhat________us.A.bothers B.hadbothered C.wouldbother D.bothered8【答案】A【解析】考查动词时态。根据句中标志词everynight及意识到句中will表示一种习惯性动作，故使用一般现在时态。【2013湖南】26.Ifnothing________,theoceanswillturnintofishdeserts.A.does B.hadbeendone C.willdo D.isdone9【答案】D【解析】考查时态和语态。首先nothing与do之间为被动关系，排除AC项；根据主句的一般将来时态可知，if引导的条件状语从句使用一般现在时态。故选D。【2013湖南】27.—Haveyouheardabouttherecentelection?—Sure,it________theonlythingonthenewsforthelastthreedays.A.wouldbe B.is C.hasbeen D.willbe10【答案】C【解析】考查动词时态。根据句中标志词forthelastthreedays可知应用现在完成时态，选C。【2013湖南】34.—Idon’tunderstandwhyyoudidn’tgotothelectureyesterdayafternoon.—I’msosorry.ButI_________myhomework.

A.haddone B.wasdoing C.woulddo D.amdoing11【答案】B【解析】考查动词时态。根据语境，对话中的第二个人昨天下午没去听课，而是在做作业，故使用过去进行时态，表示过去一段时间内在持续发生的动作，故选B。【2013江苏】21.Generally,students’innermotivationwithhighexpectationsfromothers_________essentialtotheirdevelopment.A.isB.areC.wasD.were12【答案】A【解析】考查主谓一致和动词时态。主语为motivation，故谓语为单数；根据语境及generally可知，描述的为一般情况，故使用一般现在时态，选A。【2013江苏】25.—CouldIuseyourcartomorrowmorning?—Sure.Iareportathome.A.willbewritingB.willhavewrittenC.havewrittenD.havebeenwriting13【答案】A【解析】考查动词时态。此处考查将来进行时态，表示将来的某一时间段正在发生的动作。句意为：明天早上我可以用下你的车吗？当然。我那是将会在家写报告。答案选A。【2013江苏】34.—Whataboutyourself-drivetripyesterday?—Tiring!Theroadisbeingwidened,andwearoughride.A.hadB.haveC.wouldhaveD.havehad14【答案】A【解析】考查动词时态。根据句意，我们昨天的自驾旅行是一次颠簸的旅行。故答案选过去时态。【2013江西】35. I________tovisityoulaterthatday,butIhadtophoneandcancel. A.come B.came C.amcoming D.wascoming15【答案】D【解析】考查动词时态。根据but之后的并列句“我不得不打电话取消”可知，“我那天是要去看你的”，故动词come的过去进行时态表过去将来。【2013辽宁】22.Hewasunhappywhenhesoldhisguitar.Afterall,he______itforaverylongtime.A.hashadB.hadhadC.hasD.had16【答案】B【解析】考查动词时态。本题基础时态为一般过去时，他演奏吉他很长时间是发生在他卖（sold）之前，故用过去完成时态。【2013辽宁】30.Weareconfidentthattheenvironment______byourfurthereffortstoreducepollution.A.hadbeenimprovedB.willbeimprovedC.isimprovedD.wasimproved17【答案】B【解析】考查动词时态。根据语境：我们充满信心…。证明此事还未发生，故使用一般将来时态，答案选B。【2013山东】24.Ididn’tthinkI’dlikethemovie,butactuallyit_____prettygood.

A.hasbeen B.was C.hadbeen D.wouldbe18【答案】B【解析】考查动词时态。根据题干部分didn’t可知基础时态为一般过去时态；再根据句意：我认为我不会喜欢这部电影，而实际上这是部相当好的电影。故使用一般过去时态陈述过去的事实。【2013山东】27.—Ohno!We’retoolate.Thetrain_______.—That’sOk.We’llcatchthenexttraintoLondon.

A.wasleaving B.hadleftC.hasleft D.hasbeenleaving18【答案】C【解析】考查动词时态。根据语境“我们太晚了”及后句“没关系。我们可以赶下一趟火车去伦敦”，可知火车已经离开，对现在造成影响，故使用现在完成时态。【2013陕西】11.OnMondaymorningsitusuallymeanhourstodrivetoworkalthoughtheactualdistanceisonly20miles.A.takesB.istakingC.tookD.willtake20【答案】A【解析】考查动词时态。根据标志词onMondaymornings，usually可以判断应用一般现在时态。故选A。丽莎工作室扣扣3683237【2013陕西】17.Jimalatenightfilmathomewhen,rightinthemiddleofathrillingscene,thetelevisionwentblank.A.watchedB.hadwatchedC.waswatchingD.wouldbewatching21【答案】C【解析】考查动词时态。此处固定句型：was/weredoingsthwhen…意为：正在做某事的时候，突然…。故答案选C，表示这一动作在过去一直在进行。【2013四川】3.Hurryup,kids!Theschoolbus_____forus!A.waitsB.waswaitingC.waitedD.iswaiting22【答案】D【解析】考查动词时态。通过题干“Hurryup,kids!”不难判断，“校车正在等我们”，故使用正在进行时态，答案为D。【2013天津】13.Thewatersupplyhasbeencutofftemporarilybecausetheworkersoneofthemainpipes.A.hadrepairedB.haverepairedC.repairedD.arerepairing23【答案】D【解析】考查动词时态。句意：暂时断水了，因为工人在修一个主管道。根据句意，选正在进行时态。【2013新课标II卷】7.Weveryearlysowepackedthenightbefore.A.leaveB.hadleftC.wereleavingD.haveleft24【答案】C【解析】考查动词时态。根据so后的并列句“我们前一天晚上就打好包了”