常见动词过去式过去分词变化规则

稀有动词过去式过去分词的更改规则之青柳念文创作动词过去式和过去分词有规则更改和不规则更改两种.一、规则更改:一般状况直接加ed，如ask—asked,work—worked以不发音的e开头，只加d，如love—loved,dance—danced以辅音字母加y开头，把y变为i，再加ed，如try—tried,study—studied以一个元音字母和一个辅音开头的重读闭音节开头的动词(以重读闭音节或r音节开头而末端只有一个辅音字母),先双写末端这个辅音字母,再加ed,如stop—stopped,permit—permitted注：A.以l开头的动词,尾音节重读时,双写l,如control—controlled;尾音节不重读时,双不双写都能够，如travel—traveled(美)/travelled(英).B.特例:picnic—picnicked—picnicked(去野餐),traffic—trafficked—trafficked（交易,在通行）其余,还有好多动词的过去式和过去分词是分歧乎上述规则的,需要熟记.(见后)C.读音与说明:①.-ed在清辅音音素后发音为[t]:helped,liked,finished,fetched,stopped,clapped②.-ed在浊辅音和元音后发音为[d]:believed,changed,planned,preferred,followed,stayed③.-ed在[t]、[d]后发音为[id]:wanted,needed,admitted,permitted二、不规则更改A---A---A型（此刻式、过去式、过去分词同形）动词原形（此刻式）过去式过去分词costcostcost花销cutcutcut割，切hithithit打letletlet让putputput放下readreadread读hurthurthurt伤⒉A---A---B型（此刻式和过去式同形）beatbeatbeaten打⒊A---B---A型（此刻式和过去分词同形）comecamecome来becomebecamebecome变runranrun跑A---B---B型⑴在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t组成过去式或过去分词.burnburntburnt焚烧learnlearned/learntlearned/learnt学习meanmeantmeant意思hearheardheard听见⑵把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”组成过去式或过去分词.buildbuiltbuilt建筑lendlentlent借给loselostlost失掉sendsentsent送spendspentspent花销⑶其余paypaidpaid付laylaidlaid下蛋saysaidsaid说bringbroughtbrought带来buyboughtbought买thinkthoughtthought想catchcaughtcaught抓住teachtaughttaught教fightfoughtfought战斗sleepsleptslept睡keepkeptkept坚持sweepsweptswept扫standstoodstood站understandunderstoodunderstood大白winwonwon获胜shineshone/shinedshone/shined发光feelfeltfelt感觉findfoundfound发现getgotgot获得hanghanged/hunghanged/hung绞死，挂havehadhad有holdheldheld盛，握leaveleftleft分开makemademade制造meetmetmet遇到sellsoldsold卖shootshotshot射击telltoldtold告诉smellsmelt/smelledsmelt/smelled嗅，闻sitsatsat坐digdugdug挖⒌A---B---C型（此刻式、过去式和过去分词都不同样）⑴在动词原形后加-n或-en组成过去分词.eatateeaten吃fallfellfallen落下stealstolestolen偷givegavegiven给freezefrozefrozen冻结taketooktaken拿seesawseen看见writewrotewritten写rideroderidden骑drivedrovedriven驾驶throwthrewthrown抛，扔blowblewblown吹growgrewgrown生长knowknewknown知道flyflewflown飞drawdrewdrawn拉，绘画showshowedshown展现⑵过去式加-n或-en组成过去分词.speakspokespoken说话breakbrokebroken破裂，折断wakewaked/wokewaked/waken醒choosechosechosen选择forgetforgotforgotten忘掉⑶变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”（过去式）和“u”（过去分词）.beginbeganbegun初步ringrangrung按铃singsangsung唱sinksanksunk沉swimswamsw