安徽省合肥市2022-2023学年高三第一次教学质量检测英语试题

/13/13/合肥市2023年高三第一次教学质量检测英语试题（考试时间：120分钟满分:150分）注意事项：1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节,满分30分）做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分,满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatisthemandoing?A.Borrowingbooks. B.Returningbooks. C.Buyingbooks.2.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atahotel. B.Atabusstop. C.Attheairport.3.Howdoesthewomansound?A.Annoyed. B.Worried. C.Puzzled.4.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates. B.Fellowworkers. C.Teacherandstudent.5.Whatarethespeakerstakingabout?A.Howtosleepwell. B.Howtomaketea. C.Howtokeeprefreshed.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分,满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.Whydoesthemanmakethephonecall?A.Torescheduletheappointment.B.Toaskaboutthetestresults.C.Toseekexpertconsultation.7.Whenisthemangoingtomeetthedoctor?A.OnTuesdaymorning.B.OnThursdayafternoon.C.OnFridaymorning.听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。8.Whichofthefollowingwillthewomanorder?A.Fish. B.Steak. C.Potatoes.9.Whydoesthewomanavoiddesserts?A.Shehatessweetfood.B.Shedislikestheflavor.C.Shecaresaboutherfigure.10.Howdoesthemanfeelabouttheservice?A.Heisdissatisfied. B.Heisconfident. C.Heiscurious.听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。11.Whatcolorsweaterdoesthemantake?A.Red. B.Blue. C.Black.12.Howmuchwillthemanpay?A.$90. B.$100. C.$160.13.Howwillthemanpay?A.Incash. B.Bycreditcard. C.Withamobiledevice.听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。14.Whoonceworkedinananimalshelter?A.Theman. B.Thewoman. C.Thewoman'suncle.15.Whatdidthemandorecently?A.Hewenttovisitafriend.B.Heattendedaninterview.C.Hecalledsomeanimalkeepers.16.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman'sjob?A.Veryexciting. B.Abitdifficult. C.Highlyrewarding.17.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Takephotos. B.Makeacall. C.Writehisstory.听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。18.WhatdoweknowaboutGerry?A.Heislefthomeless.B.Heiskind-hearted.C.Helivesbycollectingwaste.19.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutthehouse?A.Itiscostly. B.Itishuge. C.Itismoveable.20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Importanceofrecyclingresources.B.Astoryofhelpingpeopleinneed.C.Waysofraisingmoneyforcharity.第二部分阅读（共两节,满分50分）第一节全科试题免费下载公众号《高中僧课堂》（共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ARobotsareknownasthefutureoftechnology.Roboticstechnologyhasjustlandedintheworkplaceandthereisalotofworktodo.Belowwe'lldiscusssomeofthebestandmostadvancedrobotsevermadebyhumans.AsimoTheprimaryfocusoftherobotistohelppeople.Asimotravelsallaroundtheworld,makingpeopleawarehowrobotscanmakelifeeasierandhelphumans.Itcandance,runandevenkickasoccerball.TherobotcancommunicatewithpeopleinthreedifferentlanguagesincludingJapanese,ChineseandEnglish.Createdby:Honda（Japan）SophiaItisarealisticexampleofaperfectrobotbecauseithasabout50differentfacialexpressionsjustlikehumans.Sophiaisprimarilydesignedforeducation,researchandentertainment.Ittravelsthroughouttheworldexplainingtopeopletheimportanceofrobotsinhumanlife.Createdby:HansonRobotics（HongKong,China）AtlasItsbodyshapeissodynamicthatitcanuseitsallbodyskillstomovequicklyandbalanceitselfondiverseterrains（地形）.Therobotiscapableofperformingmanydifferenttasksbutsomefavouritetasksarerunning,jumpingandturnovermovements.ItsadvancedAIsystemsmakeitcapableofseeingbarriersandnegotiatingthroughdiverseterrains.Createdby:BostonDynamics（UnitedStates）SpotSpotisananimalrobot,orsayadogrobot,becauseitlooksverysimilartoadog.Spotcansearcharoundyouroffice,home,playgroundetc.asanormaldogusuallydoes.Spothassomeoutstandingfunctionslikeitcanmapyourenvironment,sensebarriers,liftpackagesandmore.Createdby:BostonDynamics（UnitedStates）21.WhichofthefollowingcharacterizesAsimo?A.Itshighspeed.B.Itsfacialexpressions.C.Itslanguageability.D.Itscommunicationskills.22.WhichrobotiscreatedbyChina?A.Asimo.B.Sophia.C.Atlas.D.Spot.23.WhatdoAtlasandSpothaveincommon?A.Theycanchangetheirbodyshapes.B.Theycancarrysmallpackages.C.Theycanhelpdosomehousework.D.Theycandetectbarriersaround.BAMalawianwoman,GloriaMajiga-Kamoto,wasrecentlyawardedtheGoldmanEnvironmentalPrizeforAfrica-theworld'sleadingawardforgrassrootsenvironmentalactivists.GloriaMajiga-Kamotowasthenworkingforalocalenvironmentalorganizationwithaprogramthatgavegoatstoruralfarmers,whowouldusethegoatwastetoproducelow-cost,high-qualityorganicfertilizer（肥料）.Theproblem？ThethinplasticbagscoveringtheMalawiancountryside.“Wehavethisverycommonstreetfood,chiwaya,whichissaltyandservedinlittleblueplastics,”Majiga-Kamotosays.＂Goatseattheplasticforsaltytasteandtheydiebecauseitblockstheingestion（摄食）system.”Forher,thiswasthemomentwhenitallchanged.Allofasudden,shestartednoticinghowplasticswereeverywhereintheMalawianenvironmentandfoodsystem-affectingpeople'slivingandhealth.“Irememberbackinthedaywhenwe'dgotothemarketandbuythingslikefish,you'dgetitinnewspapers,”the30-year-oldsays.ButthinplasticstookoffinthelastdecadeorsoasnewproducerssprungupinMalawi,sellingproductslikethinplasticbagsatcheapprices.Infact,theMalawiangovernmentdecidedtobantheimportation,productionanddistributionofsingle-useplasticin2015.Butbeforethebancouldgointofulleffect,Malawi'splastics-producingindustryappealedtothecountry'sHighCourtagainsttheban,causingittobesuspended.WhenMajiga-Kamotoandherfellowenvironmentalistsheardaboutthis,theywereannoyed.Sheorganizedmarchesandrejectedtheplasticindustry'sargumentthatthebanwouldhurtMalawi'seconomy-andevendebatedwithanindustryspokesmanonTV.Finallyin2019,Malawi'sHighCourtruledinfavoroftheban.Thefollowingyear,thegovernmentbeganclosingdownillegalplasticproducers.MichaelSutton,executivedirectoroftheGoldmanEnvironmentalFoundation,said,"Majiga-Kamoto'sfightwiththeplasticindustryisaperfectexampleofthespiritoftheprize."24.WhatmadeMajiga-Kamotorealizetheproblem?A.Herexperiencewithplastic-eatinggoats.B.Herdiscoveryofgoatwasteeverywhere.C.Herdoubtaboutthesafetyofstreetfood.D.Hercareforthefarmerslivinginpoverty.25.WhatcanwelearnaboutMalawi?A.Itusedtobeextremelyrichinfish.B.Itadvocatedusingthinplasticbags.C.Itfailedtobansingle-useplasticatfirst.D.Itreliedheavilyontheplasticindustry.26.WhatwasthepurposeofMajiga-Kamoto'sactsinParagraph4?A.Toputthebanintoeffect.B.Tosupportthegovernment.C.Tobacktheplasticindustryup.D.TopromoteMalawi'seconomy.27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMajiga-Kamoto?A.Humble.B.Generous.C.Patient.D.Committed.CHoneybeesunderstandthat“nothing”canbe“something”thathasnumericalmeaning,showingthattheyhaveaprimitivegraspoftheconceptofzero,accordingtoanewly-publishedstudyinScience.Previousexperimentshaveshownthathoneybeeshavesomefacilityfornumbers,becausetheywereabletocountlandmarks（地标）astheysearchedaroundforasweetreward.Butinthesetests,theinsectscouldn'tcountveryhigh--onlytoaboutfour.Still,thatmaderesearchersinAustraliaandFrancewanttoexplorewhatelsethebeescoulddowithnumbers.ScarlettHowardatRMITUniversityinMelbourneattractedbeestoawallwheretheywerepresentedwithtwosquarecards.Eachcardhadadifferentnumberofblacksymbols,suchasdotsortriangles.Howardtrainedonegroupofbeestounderstandthatsugarwaterwouldalwaysbelocatedunderthecardwiththeleastnumberofsymbols.＂Theycouldcomeandseetwocirclesversus（与...相对）threecircles,orfourtrianglesversusonetriangle,＂sheexplains.Thebeesquicklylearnedtoflytothecardwiththefewestsymbols,Butthentheygotanothertest,Theresearcherspresentedthebeeswithacardthathadasinglesymbolandablankcardthathadnothingonit.Thebeesseemedtounderstandthat“zero"waslessthanone,becausetheyflewtowardtheblankcardmoreoftenthanyou'dexpectiftheywerechoosingatrandom.“Whenweshowedthemzero-versussix,theydidthatatamuchhigherlevelthanzeroversusone,”Howardsays.“Sowhattellsusisthattheyconsiderzeroasanactualquantityalongthenumberline.”AuroreAvargues-Weber,aresearcherwiththeUniversityofToulouse,pointsoutevenveryyoungchildrenhavetroubleunderstandingthatzeroisanumber.“It'seasyforthemtocount'one,two,three,four,'butzero,it'snotsomethingtocount,"sheexplains.What'smore,thebrainsofbeesareincrediblytinybrainscomparedwiththebrainsofhumans.Evenso,thebeescanunderstandtheabstractconceptofanemptysetandshesaysshefoundthatverysurprising.28.Whatdidtheearlierstudiesfindaboutbees?A.Theycouldflyhigherthanexpected.B.Theycouldunderstandsomenumbers.C.Theycouldrememberarewardwell.D.Theycouldexplorelocallandmarks.29.WhatdidbeeslearntodoinHoward'sfirsttest?A.Distinguishcirclesfromtriangles.B.Drawvarioussymbolsonthecards.C.Identifythesmallerofthetwonumbers.D.Locatesugarwaterwithsymbolshapes.30.Whydidbeesflytotheblankcardmorefrequently?A.Theyweretoldthelocationofthereward.B.Theychosetodoitthoroughlybychance.C.Theypreferredthecardwithnothingonit.D.Theythoughtofzeroasanactualnumber.31.Whyareyoungchildrenmentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Toarguethatbeeshaveasurprisingmemory.B.Toshowthatbees'giftfornumbersisamazing.C.Toexplainthatbeeslearnaswellasyoungchildren.D.Toconfirmthatbeesaresmarterthanyoungchildren.DTransportisundergoingamassivetransformationsoitcanmeetsociety'sdemandsforalow-carboneconomy.Introducingelectricvehicles（EV）anddeclininggasolineusearehelping,butzero-carbonhydrogencanspeedupboththetransition（转变）andlong-termdecarbonizationoftransport.IntheUS,transportationproducesthelargestshareofallgreenhousegasemissions（排放）intheeconomyat29%,accordingtotheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency.Morethan90%oftransportfuelispetrolbased,butifmorevehiclesusedhydrogen,emissionsofthiskindwouldplummet.However,hydrogenisnotconsideredanidealreplacementforgasolineasanenginefuelforcarsbecauseitishardertostoresafely.Andwhilefuelcellelectricvehicles（FCEVs）thatturnhydrogenintoelectricitycancompetewithEVperformance-andevenout-competethemonrangeandrefilltime,extraenergyisneededtoproducethehydrogenneededforfuel.Also,findinginvestmentforstorage,pipelinesandfuelstationsisstillachallengeformanynations.Currently,governmentsworldwidearebackinggreenhydrogenprojectstoreducegreenhousegasemissionsinheavyindustrieslikefreight（货运）,steel,andenergystorage.Buthydrogentransportwillneedrapidproductionmethodstocreatethefuelneededfortheworld'sroadfleet.Thankfully,researchisadvancingallthetime.Nanoscale（纳米级的）thinfilmsareappliedtoimprovingthechemicalprocesstorapidlyharvesthydrogenfromtheseawater.Thesametechnologyhasbeensuccessfullyusedinsolarpowerdeviceswithhigherefficiency-to-costrates.Sincehydrogenisthemostabundantelementintheuniverseandasseawatermakesupabout96%ofallwateronEarth,thereisavirtuallylimitlesssupply.Evenwastewaterandsolidwastecancreategreenhydrogen.ResearchersatPrincetonUniversityareusingsunlighttoseparatehydrogenfromindustrialwastewater.Chemicalplantsthatcurrentlyfacehighcostsforcleaningwastewatercouldtransformitintocleanhydrogensupplies.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“plummet"meaninParagraph2?A.Stop.B.Decrease.C.Continue.D.Disappear.33.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Waysofstoringhydrogensafely.B.Benefitsoffuelcellelectricvehicles.C.Challengesofusinghydrogenascarfuel.D.Differencesbetweengasolineandhydrogen.34.Whatmakesitmoreefficienttogethydrogenfromtheocean?A.Theapplicationofsolarpowerdevices.B.Themethodofidentifyingwaterelements.C.Theinvention.ofthewatertransportsystem.D.Theuseofthenanoscalethin-filmtechnology.35.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.CleanEnergyHydrogenReadytoTakeOffB.TraditionalFuelsBoundtoReachaDeadEndC.HowWeCanGenerateEnergyfromHydrogenD.WhattheFutureofTransportationMayBeLike第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenyourchildbeginstobegforapet,youmaydrawbackatthethoughtoftheadditionalresponsibilities.Parentsusuallythinkofalltheworkandresponsibilityhavingapetcouldbringabout.36·Teachresponsibility.Afamilypetcanhelpshowchildrentheimportanceofpropercareinkeepingtheirnewfriendhappyandhealthy.37Giveyourchildasenseofresponsibilitybyhavingthemhelpmeettheseneeds,whethertheyfeellikeitthatdayornot.·Encourageexercise.Ifyou'veeverbeenforcedtokeepupwithayoungdogorcat,youknowhowtiringitcanbe!38Byencouragingyourchildtoplaywithhisorherpet,bothofthemwillgettheexercisetheyneedtosleepsoundlyandlivehealthyandhappylives.39Teachingyourchildhowto“playnice”withandshowaffectiontoanotherlivingbeingisanessentialfirststeptowarddevelopinglifelongempathy（共情）forothers.Learninghowtobeagoodfriendwithapetwillteachonehowtobemoreopenandfriendlytootherpeopleaswell·Bepractical.Whilethebenefitsofpetownershipareclear,petsaredefinitelynotforeverybody.Raisingpetsrequiresalargeamountofworkandresponsibility.You'dbettermakesurethewholefamilyisawareoftherequirementthatcomealongwiththepet.40It'sbesttointroducethepotentialpettoyourchildbeforebringinghimorherhometoensurethatthereisahealthyconnection.A.Treatotherswell.B.Formaclosebondwithafriend.C.Petsaregreatforhelping"“breaktheice”.D.Butyoucanusethepet'senergytoyouradvantage.E.Also,somepetscanbeveryaggressivewithchildren.F.Allpetsneedtobefed,givenfreshwater,andexercisedregularly.G.However,allowingkidstokeepapetcanteachyoubothsomeimportantlessons.第三部分语言运用（共两节,满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I'vehadastringofbadlucklately.Lastweekmywashingmachinebroke.Iplannedtofixitmyselfbutsoon41therepairswouldcostmorethananewonewould.Thenthisweekthe42thinghappenedtomydaughter'swashingmachine!ThistimeI_43calledafriendtohelp.Onceagain,however,itwasbrokenbeyond44.Iendeduphavingto45two.Whileboththenewmachinesgotdeliveredquickly,Istill_46aboutwhatIwasgoingthroughinmyheart.ThemomentIdid,my47traveledbacktowhenIwasachild,Isawmygrandma48anold-fashionedwashingmachinewithmyjeansandshirts.Itdidn＇thaveaspindryer（甩干机）insidesoshebadtoputeachitemthroughapairofrollersto49thewater.Whenthewashingwasdone,she'doftenpatthemachine50.Shehadgrownuphand-washingclothesandwas51forthemachinethatdidsomuchoftheworkforher.RememberingthishelpedmerealizethatIwaslookingatthingsinthe52way.Iwasgetting53intheinconveniencesofmodernlifeinsteadofbeingthankfulforallIhave.Thegoodolddayshadtheirshareof54andjoys.Andsodothegoodnewdays.What55ishowwelivethemandwhatwecanlearnfromthem.41. A.regretted B.remembered C.denied D.appreciated42. A.usual B.same C.funny D.amazing43. A.even B.still C.ever D.already44. A.recognition B.control C.repair D.compare45. A.sell B.order C.return D.fix46. A.lied B.cared C.complained D.argued47. A.memory B.dream C.doubt D.fear48. A.covering B.decorating C.loading D.equipping49. A.purify B.remove C.hold D.absorb50. A.firmly B.hurriedly C.wildly D.lovingly51. A.grateful B.eager C.sorry D.responsible52. A.ideal B.proper C.wrong D.traditional53. A.carriedaway B.caughtup C.turneddown D.takenover54. A.purposes B.duties C.excuses D.struggles55. A.matters B.remains C.works D.happens第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Smartcitiesmayhavetheirownuniqueobjectivesbut56theyhaveincommonisanunderstandingthatInternetofThingstechnologiescanimproveefficiencyandqualityoflife.Indeed,smartcityappshaveshowntheycanhelpacitycontainthespreadofapandemic（大流行病）,helpingtoturntheeconomyfromdecreaseto57（grow）.WehaveseensomesmartcityappsinmanypartsofChina.ApopularpaymentappinChinahasdevelopedasmartsystemwhich58（call）theHealthCode.Itusesred,yellow,orgreensymbols59（identify）whetherapersonispotentiallyahigh-riskcandidate.Thesmartsystembeganasoneofthefunctionsofthepaymentapp,afunctionwhichwas60（original）intendedfortheapp'sstaffinChina,andlaterdevelopedasanationalstandardfunctioninsomepopularapps.Nowthesmartsystem,theHealthCode,hasanewfunctionwhich61（indicate）whetherapersoncanenterpublicplacesthroughanalyzingthedata62（collect）toseewhetherthatpersonhashadcontactwiththosewhohavepickedupapandemicdisease.TheHealthCodehasavoidedtheneedtoover-tightensocialdistancingmeasuresthatcouldresult63ahugeeconomiclosswhileatthesametimepickingoutpossibleinfection64（case）,andit'smanagedtoreduceinfectionratesincities65ithasbeenused.第四部分写作（共两节,满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是李华。你校开设了乒乓球培训班,请给来自加拿大的交换生Jeff写封邮件邀请他一起参加,内容包括：1.写信目的；2.课程安排；3.报名方式。注意：1.写作