人教版九年级定语从句复习课(共57张PPT)

定语从句何为“定语”？“定语”的作用？一、定语二、定语位置固定名词的词，对名词起修饰/限定作用前置后置1)单个adj.2)多个adj.排序an(unlyold)ladya(smallblue)casean(old)lady3)数-单n.a(50-year-old)lady1)单个adv.thelady(there)2)介词短语anoldlady(withabignose)3)分词anoldlady(wearingapairofglasses)anoldlady(calledMary)4)定从anoldlady(whowearsapairofglasses)第一节定语从句基本知识Thereisanoldlady.sheswallowedafly.Thereisanoldlady.sheswallowedaspider.Thereisanoldlady.sheswallowedabird.Thereisanoldlady.sheswallowedacat.Thereisanoldlady.sheswallowedadog.Thereisanoldlady.sheswallowedacow.Thereisanoldlady.sheswallowedahorse.Thereisanoldlady.sheswallowedafly.Thereisanoldlady.sheswallowedaspider.Thereisanoldlady.sheswallowedabird.Thereisanoldlady.sheswallowedacat.Thereisanoldlady.sheswallowedadog.Thereisanoldlady.sheswallowedacow.Thereisanoldlady.sheswallowedahorse.简单句，简简单单的说话！

如何升华？变成从句？-----定语从句同一人that又作成分又有词义当名词用当副词用whenwhichwherewhowhywhomwhose避免重复，需要找一个词，代替she,两个作用指代anoldlady(人）代替she的成分（主）

Step1:Thereisanoldlady.Sheswallowedacat.Step2:Thereisanoldladysheswallowedacat.Thereisanoldlady______swallowedacat.

重复避免重复，需要找一个词，代替she,两个作用指代anoldlady(人）代替she的成分（主）

(人)缺少主语whoThereisanoldladywhoswallowedafly.Thereisanoldladywhoswallowedaspider.Thereisanoldladywhoswallowedabird.Thereisanoldladywhoswallowedacat.Thereisanoldladywhoswallowedadog.Thereisanoldladywhoswallowedacow.Thereisanoldladywhoswallowedahorse.从句成分被从句修饰的部分避免重复，需要找一个词，代替she,两个作用指代anoldlady(人）代替she的成分（主）两要素定关系词先行词=三、定从的基本概念(一)定从用来修饰某一名词或代词的从句(二)必备2要素先行词从句所修饰的名词/代词，置于从句前从句部分作主语作宾语做定语作状语(三)定从考点考关系词：瞻前关系词顾后先行词从句成分n.代词+从句(定从)典例：找出下面定语从句的先行词及从句的成分。12ThedesignerswhohelpedusbuildthelibraryarefromtheUK.Thestudentswho/whomImetinafootballgamearemygoodfriendsnow.先行词(人)定从(主语)先行词(人)定从(宾语)Dianalikesthemovieswhichcanmakeherrelaxed.I'mlookingforthebookwhichyoulentmeyesterday.先行词(物)定从(主语)先行词(物)定从(宾语)3Haveyouseenadictionarywhosecoverisblue?Achildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.先行词(物)定从(定语)先行词(人)定从(定语)四、定从的关系词先行词关系词定从成分whowhomwhichthatwhosewherewhenwhy四、定从的关系词先行词关系词定从成分whowhomwhichthatThedesignerswhohelpedusbuildthelibraryarefromtheUK.Thestudentswho/whomImetinafootballgamearemygoodfriendsnow.先行词(人)定从(主语)先行词(人)定从(宾语)人主/宾人宾四、定从的关系词先行词关系词定从成分人who主/宾人whom宾whichthatwhoseDianalikesthemovieswhichcanmakeherrelaxed.I'mlookingforthebookwhichyoulentmeyesterday.先行词(物)定从(主语)先行词(物)定从(宾语)物主/宾四、定从的关系词先行词关系词定从成分人who主/宾人whom宾物which主/宾thatwhosewherewhen人/物主/宾Haveyouseenadictionarywhosecoverisblue?Achildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.先行词(物)定从(定语)先行词(人)定从(定语)人/物定四、定从的关系词先行词关系词定从成分人who主/宾人whom宾物which主/宾人/物that主/宾人/物whose定地点where状whenI'llneverforgetthedaywhenwemeteachotherlastweek.先行词(时间n.)定从(状语)时间状四、定从的关系词先行词关系词定从成分人who主/宾人whom宾物which主/宾人/物that主/宾人/物whose定地点where状时间when状whyThisisthereasonwhyIcamehere.先行词(原因n.)定从(状语)原因状四、定从的关系词先行词关系词定从成分人who主/宾人whom宾物which主/宾人/物that主/宾人/物whose定地点where状时间when状原因why状第二节定从分类考点1.Thereisanoldlady.Sheswallowedaspider.一、两个简单句合为定语从句？StepⅠ两句直接合并Thereisanoldladysheswallowedaspider.StepⅡ去掉后一句中的相同部分Thereisanoldladysheswallowedaspider.相同部分StepⅢ关系词代替Thereisanoldlady__________swallowedaspider.先行词(人)who/that定从(缺主)2.Thechildisill. Mrs.Whitetakescareofthechild.StepⅠ两句直接合并ThechildisillMrs.Whitetakescareofthechild.StepⅡ去掉后一句中的相同部分ThechildisillMrs.Whitetakescareofthechild.相同部分StepⅢ关系词代替ThechildisillMrs.Whitetakescareof__________.Thechild_________________Mrs.Whitetakescareofisill.注意：关系词及定从位置：常常紧跟在先行词后面。who/that/whom先行词(人)从句(缺宾)3.Theletterwasfrommyparents.Ireceivedtheletteryesterday.StepⅠ两句直接合并TheletterwasfrommyparentsIreceivedtheletteryesterday.StepⅡ去掉后一句中的相同部分TheletterwasfrommyparentsIreceivedtheletteryesterday.相同部分StepⅢ关系词代替TheletterwasfrommyparentsIreceived_____yesterday.Theletter______________Ireceivedyesterdaywasfrommyparents.先行词(物)从句缺宾(which/that)which/that二、典例(which,that,who,whom的选用)1Adoctorisaperson___________looksafterpeople'shealth.先行词(人)从句缺主2Rememberthepainting_____________hehasdrawn.先行词(物)从句缺宾3Rememberthesea_____________wasagrave.先行词(物)从句缺主who/thatwhich/thatwhich/that4Rememberthelastwords_____________hesaidtoher.先行词(物)从句缺宾that三、定从中需注意的问题1.定从中只用that的情况1)先行词是all,little,much,none,everything,anything,nothing等代词时Isthereanythingthatyoudon'tunderstand?Tomtoldhismotherallthathadheppened.先行词(物)定从先行词定从2)当先行词前有theonly,thevery,thelast等修饰时Heistheonlypersonthatcanhelpyouout.3)当序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词ThisisthebestbookthatIhaveeverread.先行词(人)先行词(物)三、定从中需注意的问题1.定从中只用that的情况4)当先行词既包含人又包含物时Theytalkedofthingsandpersonsthattheyrememberedintheschool.先行词(人/物)5)当主句是therebe句型/以疑问词who,which开头的疑问句中,用that引导ThereisabookonthedeskthatbelongstoFrank.Whichisthecarthathittheboy?先行词定从(缺主)先行词定从(缺主)1.Youdon'tneedtomakefancyfoodstoimpressguests-something______issimplebutgoodwilldo. A.what B.that C.when D.who2.--Doyouagreewithherideasatthemeeting?--Absolutely,whatshe'sjustsaidistheveryidea____Iwanttoexpress. A.that B.what C.whichD.why典型例题：先(不定代词)定从先行词3.Thisisthebiggestlaboratory_____wehaveeverbuiltinourschool.A.which B.what C.where D./4.Thevillagersandcattle__________wereevacuatedimmediatelyareverysafenow.A.which B.that C.what D./5.Who___hascommonsensewillbelievesuchnonsense? A.that B.who C.which D.but典型例题：evacuate

/i'vQkjueit/v.撤离，撤出三、定从中需注意的问题2.定从中关系词的省略定从中从句部分缺宾时，关系词可省。Thisisthebook(which)youarelookingfor.先行词(物)定从(缺宾)四、whose,when,why,where的选用whoseYou'retheonlyonewhoseadvicehemightlistento.某人的建议判断方法(一)先行词___单n.I'dlikearoomwhosewindowlooksoutoverthesea.房间的窗户判断方法(二)先行词_______n....的四、whose,when,why,where的选用whenAprilthefirstistheday_______peoplemakefunofothers.Doyouknowthedate__________Lincolnwasborn?先行词(时间n.)先行词(时间n.)whereThisisthemountainvillage_______youcanfindthemeasily.Hedidallhisresearchintheroom________helived.先行词(地点n.)先行词(地点n.)whyIsthisthereason_________sherefusedouroffer?先行词(原因n.)when主谓宾从句缺状主系表从句缺状when主谓宾where从句缺状主谓(vi.不缺宾)从句缺状where主谓宾why从句缺状第三节定从的失分题一、介词的出现1.介词选择方法(一):介词根据从句中谓语v.的搭配习惯而确定。Thisisthebook_____whichIspent5yuan._____whichIpaid5yuan._____whichIlearntalot._____whichTomoftentalks.onspend...onthebookforpay...forthebookfromlearn...fromthebookabouttalk...aboutthebook方法(二):从句中谓v.(宾)+先行词Iremembertheday______whichIjoinedtheParty.IjoinedtheParty______theday.thedays__________whichIlivedhere.Ilivedhere___________thedays.themonth______whichIstayedthere.Istayedthere______themonth.ononduringduringinin一、介词的出现2.介词位置1)放在关系词前面ThisisthebookonwhichIspent5yuan.2)放在从句谓v.后ThisisthebookwhichIspent5yuanon.3.介词对关系词的影响先行词(人)介whom先行词(物)介whichTheathletetowhomyoutalkedisafamousrunner.Thisisthebookforwhichyouasked.二、从句成分判定对关系词的影响Thisisthefactory__________heusedtowork.Thisisthefactory______________Ivisitedlastyear.where先行词(物)从句缺状先行词(物)that/which从句缺宾判断方法1.看从句的谓v.vt.缺宾vi.缺状2.用从句中的谓v.+先行词成立:缺宾不成立：缺状workthefactory ()visitthefactory ()Isthisthemuseum____________youvisitedafewdaysago?Isthisthemuseum____________theexhibitionwasheld?缺状用where缺宾用whichthatwhere三、非限制性定语从句：只用关系词whichTomcameback,__________madeushappy.which典型例题1.I’llneverforgettheday_______isJune12th.2.I’llneverforgettheday______ismymother’sbirthday.3.I’llneverforgettheday______IenteredNo.1Middle...step1:瞻前顾后先物(时间)从句缺何成分？缺主which缺主whichstep2:IenteredNo.1Middleschooltheday缺状先行词是时间，从句缺状用whenwhenwhere;which;/1.Haveyouevervisitedthetower_______iscalledthe....2.Haveyouevervisitedthetower_______Tomtookphotos.3.Haveyouevervisitedthetower_______Tomtookphotosat.4.Haveyouevervisitedthetower__________Tomtookphotos.step1:瞻前顾后先物(时间)从句缺何成分？缺主which先行词是物，从句缺主用whichstep2:Tomtookphotosthetower缺状where先行词是地点，从句缺主用wherestep2:Tomtookphotosatthetower缺宾which先行词是物，从句缺宾用whichstep2:Tomtookphotosthetower缺状先行词是物，从句缺宾用wherewherestep3:如何调整正确？Tomtookphotosat(介)thetower=atwhich1.Thehotel_________westayedatduringtheholiday...2.Thehotel______westayed_____duringtheholiday...3.Thehotel_________westayedduringtheholiday...4.Thehotel_________westayedduringtheholiday...step1:瞻前顾后先物(地点)从句缺何成分？缺宾which缺状atwhichwherestep2:westayedatthehotelstep2:westayed______thehotelatat从句缺宾语，关系词可以省略介词位置的灵活性：也可放于关系词前

step2:westayedthehotel缺状1.Thefactory____usedtobeinthecenterofthecityis...2.Thefactory_____hisfatherusedtowork______was...3.Thefactory__________hisfatherusedtoworkwas...4.Thefactory_________hisfatherusedtoworkwas...主句从句主句从句主句从句主句从句1.WewillneverforgetAugust8th,2008__________isagreatdaytotheChinese.先物（时间）step1:瞻前顾后从句缺何成分？缺主先行词是物，从句缺主用which/thatwhichstep3:如何调整正确？2.WewillneverforgetAugust8th,2008________theOlympicGameswasheld_________.先物（时间）

onstepⅠ:瞻前顾后theOlympicGameswasheld___August8th,2008whichstepⅡ:从句+先行词on3.WewillneverforgetAugust8th,2008________________theOlympicGameswasheld.先物（时间）介词位置的灵活性：也可放于关系词前

onwhich4.WewillneverforgetAugust8th,2008______theOlympicGameswasheld.stepⅠ:瞻前顾后theOlympicGameswasheldAugust8th,2008stepⅡ:从句+先行词先物（时间）缺状when1.

Idon’tknowthereason________heisabsenttoday.2.

Thereason_____hehasexplainedis....step1:瞻前顾后先(原因)从句缺何成分？step2:hehasexplainedthereason缺宾先行词是物，从句缺宾whichwhichstep2:heisabsentthereason缺状先行词是原因，从句缺状用whywhy3.Thisisthereason__________Iaskedforhelp.4.

Thereason______heistryingtoexplainis...step1:瞻前顾后先(原因)step2:heistryingtoexplainthereason.缺宾先行词是物，从句缺宾用whichwhich缺状先行词是原因，从句缺状用whywhystep2: