化工管道工程使用技术词汇中英文对照

（能源化工行业）化工管道工程使用技术词汇中英文对照化工管道工程使用技术词汇中英文对照1管道组成件Pipingcomponent1.1管子Pipe管子(按照配管标准规格制造的)pipe管子(不按配管标准规格制造的其他用管)tube钢管steelpipe铸铁管castironpipe衬里管linedpipe复合管cladpipe碳钢管carbonsteelpipe合金钢管alloysteelpipe不锈钢stainlesssteelpipe奥氏体不锈钢管austeniticstainlesssteelpipe铁合金钢管ferriticalloysteelpipe轧制钢管wrought-steelpipe锻铁管wrought-ironpipe无缝钢管seamless(SMLS)steelpipe焊接钢管weldedsteelpipe电阻焊钢管electric-resistanceweldedsteelpipe电熔（弧）焊钢板卷管electric-fusion(arc)-weldedsteel-platepipe螺旋焊接钢管spiralweldedsteelpipe镀锌钢管galvanizedsteelpipe热轧无缝钢管hot-rollingseamlesspipe冷拔无缝钢管cold-drawingseamlesspipe水煤气钢管water-gassteelpipe塑料管plasticpipe玻璃管glasstube橡胶管rubbertube直管runpipe;straightpipe1.2管件Fitting弯头elbow异径弯头reducingelbow带支座弯头baseelbowk半径弯头longradiuselbow短半径弯头shortradiuselbow长半径180°弯头longradiusreturn短半径180°弯头shortradiusreturn带侧向口的弯头（右向或左向）sideoutletelbow(righthandorlefthand)双支管弯头（形）doublebranchelbow三通tee异径三通reducingtee等径三通straighttee带侧向口的三通（右向或左向）sideoutlettee(righthandor1efthand)异径三通（分支口为异径）reducingtee(reducingonoutlet)异径三通（一个直通口为异径）reducingtee(reducingononerun)带支座三通basetee异径三通（一个直通口及分支口为异径）reducingtee(reducingononerunandoutlet)异径三通（两个直通口为异径，双头式）reducingtee(reducingonbothruns,bullhead)45°斜三通45°lateral45°斜三通（支管为异径）45°lateral(reducingonbranch)45°斜三通(一个直通口为异径)45°lateral(reducingononerun)45°斜三通(一个直通口及支管为异径)45°lateral(reducingononerunandbranch)Y型三通（俗称裤衩）true“Y”四通cross等径四通straightcross异径四通reducingcross异径四通（一个分支口为异径）reducingcross(reducingononeoutlet)异径四通（一个直通口及分支口为异径）reducingcross(reducingononerunandoutlet)异径四通（两个分支口为异径）reducingcross(reducingonbothoutlet)异径四通（一个直通口及两个分支口为异径）reducingcross(reducingononerunandbothoutlet)异径管reducer同心异径管concentricreducer偏心异径管eccentricreducer锻制异径管reducingswage螺纹支管台threadolet焊接支管台weldolet承插支管台sockolet弯头支管台elbolet斜接支管台latrolet镶入式支管嘴sweepolet短管支管台nipolet支管台，插入式支管台boss管接头coupling,fullcoupling半管接头halfcoupling异径管接头reducingcoupling活接头union内外螺纹缩接（俗称补芯）bushing管帽cap(C)堵头plug短节nipple异径短节reducingnipple;swagenipple1.3弯管Bend预制弯管fabricatedpipebend跨越弯管（^形）cross-overbend偏置弯管（~形）offsetbend90°弯管quarterbend环形弯管cirelebend单侧偏置90°弯管（?形）singleoffsetquarterbendS形弯管“S”bend单侧偏置U形膨胀弯管（|?形）singleoffset“U”bendU形弯管“U”bend双偏置U膨胀弯管doubleoffsetexpansion“U”bend斜接弯管mitrebend三节斜接弯管3-piecemitrebend折皱弯管corrugatedbend圆度roundness1.4法兰Flange(FLG）整体管法兰integralpipeflange钢管法兰steelpipeflange螺纹法兰threadedflange滑套法兰（包括平焊法兰）slip-onflange(SO);slip-onweldingflange承插焊法兰socketweldingflange松套法兰lapjointflange(LJF)对焊法兰weldingneckflange(WNF)法兰盖blindflange,blind孔板法兰orificeflange异径法兰reducingflange盘座式法兰padtypeflange松套带颈法兰loosehubbedflange焊接板式法兰weldingplateflange对焊环weldingneckcollar（与stubend相似）平焊环welding-oncollar突缘短节stubend,lap翻边端lappedpipeend松套板式法兰looseplateflange压力级pressurerating,pressureratingclass压力—温度等级pressure-temperaturerating法兰密封面，法兰面flangefacing突面raisedface(RF)凸面maleface(MF)凹面femaleface(FMF)榫面tongueface槽面grooveface环连接面ringjointface全平面；满平面flatface;fullface(FF)光滑突面smoothraisedface(SRF)法兰面加工facingfinish粗糙度roughness光滑的smooth齿形serrated均方根rootmeansquare(RMS)算术平均粗糙高度arithmeticalaverageroughnessheight(AARH)配对法兰companion-flange螺栓圆boltcircle(B.C.)1.5垫片Gasket(GSKT)垫片的型式typeofgasket平垫片flatgasket环形平垫片flatringgasket平金属垫片flatmetalgasket夹棉织物的橡胶elastomerwithcottonfabricinsertion夹石棉织物的橡胶elastomerwithasbestosfabricinsertion夹石棉织物及金属丝加强的橡胶elastomerwithasbestosfabricinsertionandwithwirereinforcement无石墨压缩白石棉垫片nongraphitedcompressedwhiteasbestosgasket天然白橡胶垫片naturalwhiterubbergasket压缩石棉垫片compressedasbestosclassgasket浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉垫片PTFEimpregnatedasbestosgasket夹石棉的缠绕金属垫片spiral-woundmetalgasketwithasbestosfiller内环innerring外环，外定位环outerring波纹金属垫片corrugatedmetalgasket波纹金属包嵌石棉垫片corrugatedmetalgasketwithasbestosinserted双夹套波纹金属包石棉垫片corrugatedmetaldoublejacketedasbestosfilledgasket双夹套垫片doublejacketedgasket金属包石棉平垫片flatmetaljacketedasbestosfilledgasket整体金属齿形垫片solidmetalserratedgasket槽形金属垫片groovedmetalgasket环形连接金属垫片ringjointmetalgasket八角环形垫片octagonalringgasket椭圆环形垫片ovalringgasket透镜式垫片lensgasket非金属垫片non-metallicgasket1.6阀门Valve1.6.1阀门结构、零件阀轭yoke外螺纹阀杆及阀轭outsidescrewandyoke(OS&Y)阀杆stem内螺纹insidescrew(IS)阀轭套yokesleeve阀杆环stemring阀座valveseat(bodyseat)阀座环、密封圈seatring整体（阀）座integralseat堆焊（阀）座depositedseat阀芯（包括密封圈、杆等内件）trim阀盘disc阀盘密封圈discseat阀体body阀盖bonnet阀盖衬套bonnetbush螺纹阀帽screwcap螺纹阀盖screwbonnet螺栓连接的阀盖boltedbonnet(BB)活接阀盖（帽）unionbonnet(cap)螺栓连接的阀帽boltedcap(BC)焊接阀盖weldedbonnet(WB)本体阀杆密封bodystemseal石棉安全密封asbestosemenenseal倒密封backseal压力密封的阀盖pressure-tightbonnet动力操纵器poweredoperator电动操纵器electricmotoroperator气动操纵器pneumaticoperator液压操纵器hydraulicoperator快速操纵器quick-actingoperator滑动阀杆slidingstem正齿轮传动spurgearoperated伞齿轮传动bevelgearoperated扳手操作wrenchoperated链轮chainwheel手轮handwheel手柄handlever(handle)气缸（或液压缸）操纵的cylinderoperated链条操纵的chainoperated等径孔道fullbore;fullport异径孔道reducingbore,reducedport,venturiport短型shortpattern紧凑型（小型）compacttype笼式环lanternring压盖gland阀杆填料stempacking阀盖垫片bonnetgasket升杆式（明杆）risingstem(RS)非升杆式（暗杆）non-risingstem(NRS)指示器/限位器indicator/stopper注油器greaseinjector可更换的阀座环renewableseatring1.6.2常用阀(1）闸阀gatevalve平行双闸板doublediscparallelseat开口楔形闸板splitwedge挠性整体楔形闸扳flexiblesolidwedge整体楔形闸板solidwedge塞型闸阀pluggatevalve直通型闸阀throughconduitgatevalve(2)截止阀globevalve球心型阀盘globetypedisc塞型阀盘plugtypedisc可转动的阀盘swiveldisc(3)节流闪阀throttlevalve针阀needlevalve(4)角阀anglevalve(5)Y型阀（Y型阀体截止阀）Y-valve(Y-bodyglobevalve)(6)球阀ballvalve三通球阀3-wayballvalve装有底轴的trunnionmounted耐火型firesafetype浮动球型floatingballtype防脱出阀杆blowoutproofstem(7)蝶阀butterflyvalve对夹式（薄片型）wafertype凸耳式lugtype偏心阀板蝶阀offsetdiscburerflyvalve;eccentricbutterflyvalve斜阀盘蝶阀canteddiscbutterflyvalve连杆式蝶阀linkbutterflyvalve8)柱塞阀pistontypevalve(9)旋塞阀plugvalve三通旋塞阀three-wayplugvalve四通旋塞阀four-wayplugvalve旋塞cock衬套旋塞sleevecock(10)隔膜阀diaphragmvalve橡胶衬里隔膜阀rubberlineddiaphragmvalve直通式隔膜阀straightwaydiaphragmvalve堰式隔膜阀weirdiaphragmvalve(11)夹紧式胶管阀pinchvalve（用于泥浆、粉尘等）(12)止回阀checkvalve升降式止回阀liftcheckvalve旋启式止回阀swingcheckvalve,flapcheckvalve落球式止回阀ballcheckvalve弹簧球式止回阀springballcheckvalve双板对夹式止回阀dualplatewafertypecheckvalve无撞击声止回阀non-slamcheekvalve底阀footvalve切断式止回阀stopcheckvalve;non-returnvalve活塞式止回阀pistoncheckvalve斜翻盘止回阀tiltingdisccheckvalve蝶式止回阀butterflycheckvalve1.6.3其它用途的阀安全泄气阀safetyvalve(SV)安全泄液阀reliefvalve(RV)安全泄压阀safetyreliefvalve杠杆重锤式leverandweighttype引导阀操纵的安全泄气阀pilotoperatedsafetyvalve复式安全泄气阀twintypesafetyvalve罐底排污阀flush-bottomtankvalve电磁阀solenoidvalve,solenoidoperatedvalve电动阀electricallyoperatedvalve,electric-motoroperatedvalve气动阀pneumaticoperatedvalve低温用阀cryogenicservicevalve蒸汽疏水阀steamtrap机械式疏水阎mechanicaltrap浮桶式疏水阀openbuckettrap,opentopbuckettrap浮球式疏水阀floattrap倒吊桶式疏水阀invertedbuckettrap自由浮球式疏水阀loosefloattrap恒温式疏水阀thermostatictrap金属膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀metalexpansionsteamtrap液体膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀liquidexpansionsteamtrap双金属膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀bimetallicexpansionsteamtrap压力平衡式恒温疏水阀balancedpressurethermostatictrap热动力式疏水阀thermodynamictrap脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀impulsesteamtrap放气阀（自动放气阀）airventvalve(automaticairventvalve)（疏水阀用）平板式滑动闸阀slabtypeslidinggatevalve盖阀flatvalve换向阀divertingvalve,reversingvalve热膨胀阀thermoexpansionvalve自动关闭阀self-closinggatevalve自动排液阀self-drainingvalve管道盲板阀line-blindvalve挤压阀squeezevalve（用于泥浆及粉尘等）呼吸阀breathervalve风门、挡板damper减压阀pressurereducingvalve,reducingvalve控制阀controlvalve膜式控制阀diaphragmoperatedcontrolvalve执行机构actuator背压调节阀backpressureregulatingvalve差压调节阀differentialpressureregulatingvalve压力比例调节阀pressureratioregulatingvalve1.6.4未指明结构（或阀型）的阀切断阀blockvalve;shut-offvalve;stopvalve调节阀regulatingvalve快开阀quickopeningvalve快闭阀quickclosingvalve隔断阀isolatingvalve三通阀threewayvalve夹套阔jacketedvalve非旋转式阀non-rotaryvalve排污阀blowdownvalve集液排放阀dripvalve排液阀drainvalve放空阀ventvalve卸载阀unloadingvalve排出阀dischargevalve吸入阀suctionvalve多通路阀multiportvalve取样阀samplingvalve手动阀hand-operatedvalve;manuallyoperatedvalve锻造阀forgedvalve铸造阀castvalve（水）龙头bibb;bib;faucet抽出液阀（小阀）bleedvalve旁路阀by-passvalve软管阀hosevalve混合阀mixingvalve破真空阀vacuumbreaker冲洗阀flushvalve第一道阀；根部阀primaryvalve根部阀rootvalve总管阀headervalve事故切断阀emergencyvalve1.7管道特殊件PipingSpecialty1.7.1管道特殊件（组件）粗滤器strainer过滤器filter临时粗滤器（锥型）temporarystrainer(conetype)y型粗滤器y-typestrainerT型粗滤器T-typestrainer永久过滤器permanentfilter丝网粗滤器gauzestrainer洗眼器及淋浴器eyewasherandshower视镜sightglass阻火器flamearrester喷嘴；喷头spraynozzle取样冷却器samplecooler消声器silencer膨胀节expansionjoint波纹膨胀节bellowexpansionjoint单波singlebellow双波doublebellow多波multiplebellow压力平衡式膨胀节pressurebalancedexpansion带铰链膨胀节hingedexpansionjoint轴向位移型膨胀节axialmovementtypeexpansionjoint自均衡膨胀节（外加强环）self-equalizingexpansionjoint带接杆膨胀节tiedexpansionjoint万向型膨胀节universaltypeexpansionjoint球形补偿器balltypeexpansionjoint填函式补偿器sliptype(packedtype)expansionjoint单向滑动填料函补偿器singleactionpackedslipjoint1.7.2管道特殊元件PipingSpecialElement软管接头hoseconnection(HC)快速接头quickcoupling金属软管metalhose橡胶管rubberhose挠性管flexibletube鞍形补强板reinforcingsaddles补强板reinforcementpad特殊法兰specialflange漏斗funnel排液环dripring排液漏斗drainfunnel插板blank垫环spacer8字盲板spectacleblind;figure8blind限流孔板restrictionorifice爆破片rupturedisk法兰盖贴面protectivedisc费托立克接头victauliccoupling1.8端部连接EndConnection法兰端flangedend坡口端beveledend(BE)对焊端buttweldedend平端plainend(PE)承插焊端socketweldingend螺纹端threadedend(TE)承口bellend焊接端weldingend法兰连接（接头）flangedjoint对焊连接（接头）buttweldedjoint螺纹连接，管螺纹连接threadedjoint,pipethreadedjoint锥管螺纹密封焊连接seal-weldedtaperpipethreadedjoint承插焊连接（接头）socketweldedjoint承插连接（接头）bellandspigotjoint环垫接头ringjoint(RJ)万向接头universaljoint软钎焊连接（接头）solderedjoint搭接接头，松套连接lappedjoint外侧厚度切斜角bevelforoutsidethickncss内侧厚度切斜角bevelforinsidethickness内外侧厚度切斜角bevelforcombinedthickness法兰式的flanged(FLGD)对焊的buttwelded(BW)螺纹的threaded(THD)承插焊的socketwelded(SW)小端为平的smallendplain(SEP)大端为平的largeendplain(LEP)两端平bothendsplain(BEP)小端带螺纹smallendthread(SET)大端带螺纹largeendthread(LET)两端带螺纹bothendthread(BET)一端带螺纹oneendthread(OET)支管连接branchconnection焊接支管branchpipeweldeddirectlytotherunpipe2管道用紧固件及螺纹2.1紧固件螺栓bolt六角头螺栓hexagonalheadbolt方头螺栓squareheadbolt螺柱，双头螺栓studbolt环头螺检eyebolt沉头螺栓countersunk(head)screw地脚螺栓anchorbolt;foundationbolt松紧螺旋扣（花篮螺丝）turnbuckleU形螺栓U-boltT形螺栓T-bolt圆头螺钉roundheadbolt机螺栓，机螺钉maehinebolt顶开螺栓，顶起螺栓Jackscrew自攻螺钉selftappingscrew膨胀螺栓expansionbolt粗制的coarse精制的finished,fine螺母nut六角螺母hexagonalnut方螺母squarenut蝶形螺母wingnut扁螺母flatnut锁紧螺母locknut垫圈washer平垫圈plainwasher球面垫圈sphericalwasher弹簧垫圈springwasher方垫圈squarewasher斜垫圈slantwasher销轴pinnedshan销pin开口销cotterpin定位销dowelpin带孔销pinwithhole圆锥销taperpin铆钉rivet键key2.2螺纹左螺纹lefthandthread右螺纹righthandthread管螺纹pipethread锥管螺纹taperpipethread直管螺纹straightpipethread梯形螺纹trapezoidthread螺距pitchofthread粗牙螺纹coarsethread细牙螺纹finethread特细牙螺纹extrafinethread通长螺纹fullthread惠氏螺纹whitworththread公制螺纹metricibread美国标准锥管螺纹Americanstandardtaperpipethread(NPT)螺孔tap3材料、型钢及填料3.1金属材料3.1.1黑色金属FerrousMetal碳素钢carbonsteel(CS)低碳钢low-carbonsteel中碳钢medium-carbonsteel高碳钢high-carbonsteel普通碳素钢generalcarbonsteel优质碳素钢high-qualitycarbonsteel普通低合金结构钢generalstructurelow-alloysteel合金结构钢structuralalloysteel合金钢alloysteel低合金钢lowalloysteel中合金钢mediumalloysteel高合金钢highalloysteel耐热钢heatresistingsteel高强度钢highstrengthsteel复合钢cladsteel工具钢toolsteel弹簧钢springsteel钼钢molybdenumsteel镍钢nickelsteel铬钢chromiumsteel铬钼钢chrome-molybdenumsteel铬镍钢chromium-nickelsteel,chrome-nickelsteel不锈钢stainlesssteel(S.S.)奥氏体不锈钢Austeniticstainlesssteel马氏体不锈钢Martensiticstainlesssteel司特来合金（钨铬钴台金）Stellite耐蚀耐热镍基合金Hastelloy铬镍铁合金inconel耐热铬镍铁合金incoloy20合金20alloy平炉钢（马丁钢）Martinsteel镇静钢killedsteel半镇静钢semi-killedsteel沸腾钢rimmedsteel;rimmingsteel;open-steel锻钢forgedsteel铸钢caststeel铸铁castiron(C.I.)灰铸铁greycastiron可锻铸铁malleableiron(MI)球墨铸铁nodularcastiron;nodulargraphiteiron生铁pigiron熟铁，锻铁wroughtiron铸件casting高硅铸铁highsiliconcastiron3.1.2镀层及制造方法渗铬钢，镀铬钢chromizedsteel镀铬的chromium-plated,chrome-plated镀层plating锻造，型钢swage锻造的，锻造forging轧制rolling热轧hotrolling冷轧coldrolling挤压extruding冷加工coldworking热加工hotworking拔制drawing3.1.3有色金属Non-ferrousMetal铝aluminum铜，紫铜copper黄铜brass青铜bronze铝青铜aluminumbronze磷青铜phosphorbronze铝镁合金aluminummagnesium锰青铜manganesebronze蒙乃尔（注：镍及铜合金）Monel镍铜台金nickelcopperalloy非铁合金nonferrousalloy钛titanium铅lead硬铅hardlead3.1.4材料性能极限强度ultimatestrength抗拉强度tensilestrength屈服极限yieldlimit屈服点yieldpoint延伸率percentageelongation抗压强度compressivestrength抗弯强度bendingstrength弹性极限elasticlimit冲击值impactvalue疲劳极限fatiguelimit蠕变极限creeplimit持久极限endurancelimit布氏硬度Brinellhardness洛氏硬度Rockwellhardness维氏硬度Vickersdiamondhardness,diamondpenetratorhardness蠕变断裂强度creeprupturestrength断面收缩率reductionofarea韧性toughess脆性brittleness延性ductility冷脆coldshortness冷流coldflow3.2非金属材料Non-metallicMaterial塑料plastic丙烯腈—丁二烯—苯乙烯acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene(ABS)聚乙烯polyethylene(PE)聚氯乙烯polyvinylchloride(PVC)苯乙烯橡胶styrene-rubber(SR)聚丁烯polybutylene(PB)聚丙烯polypropylene(PP)聚苯乙烯polystyrene(PS)氯化聚醚chlorinatedpolyether(CPE)聚酰胺polyamide(PA)聚碳酸酯polycarbonate(PC)聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯polymethylmethacrylate(PMMA)醋酸丁酸纤维素celluloseacetatebutyrate(CAB)氯化聚氯乙烯chlorinatedpolyvinylchloride(CPVC)聚偏二氟乙烯polyvinylidenefluoride(PVDF)缩醛塑料acetalplastic尼龙塑料nylonplastic聚烯烃polyolefin(PO)石墨酚醛塑料graphitephenolicplastics聚四氟乙烯polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)纤维增强热塑性塑料fiberreinforcedthermoplastics热塑性塑料thermoplastic热固性塑料thermosettingplastics胶粘剂adhesive溶剂胶接剂solventcement树脂resin环氧树脂epoxy,epoxyresin聚酯树脂polyesterresin聚酯纤维polyesterfibers氟塑料fluoroplastics聚氨基甲酸酯polyurethane丙烯酸树脂acrylicresin脲醛树脂urearesin呋哺树脂furanresin乙烯丙烯二烃单体ethylenepropylenedienemonomer(EPDM)合成橡胶syntheticrubber橡胶rubber丁腈橡胶nitrilebutadienerubber氯丁橡胶neoprene天然橡胶naturalrubber乙丙橡胶ethylenepropylenerubber(EPR)玻璃glass硼硅玻璃borosilicateglass耐火砖firebrick陶瓷ceramic搪瓷porcelainenamel木材wood3.3型材型钢shapedsteel,sectionsteel,swage角钢anglesteel槽钢channel工字钢I-beam宽缘工字钢或H钢wideflangedbeamT型钢T-bar方钢squarebar扁钢flatbar角钢hexagonalsteelbar圆钢roundsteel;rod钢带strapsteel钢板plate网纹钢板checkeredplate腹板（指型钢的立板）web翼缘（指型钢的缘）wing3.4填料及填料函填料packing石棉绳asbestosrope,asbestoscord．O形环O-ring自密封self-sealing四氟带Teflontap带铬镍合金丝的石棉绳asbestosropewithinconelwire,inconelwireasbestos浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉填料Teflonimpregnatedasbestospacking金属填料metallicstuffing填料箱，填料函packingbox,stuffingbox填料函压盖stuffingboxgland4管道等级及材料统计4.1管道材料规定PipingMaterialSpecification管道等级pipingclass;pipingclassification管道等级号classdesignation公称直径nominaldiameter(DN);nominal(pipe)size公称压力nominalpressure(PN)压力级，等级，类别class(CL)低压lowpressure(L.P.)中压mediumpressure(M.P.)高压highpressure(H.P.)大气压atmosphere(ATM)真空vacuum工作压力operatingpressure;workingpressure设计压力designpressure工作温度operatingtemperature设计温度designtemperature环境温度ambienttemperature腐蚀裕量corrosionallowance管道附件pipingattachment管道元件pipingelement壁厚wallthickness(WT)壁厚系列号schedulenumber(SCH.No.)加厚的，加强的extraheavy,extrastrong双倍加厚的，双倍加强的doubleextraheavy,doubleextrastrong通用连接组typiealinstallation分组（类）形式（如管道等级表）blockform数据库database文件file4.2材料统计MaterialTake-off(MTO)汇总表summarysheet材料表billofmaterial(BM)综合管道材料表consolidatedpipingmaterialsummarysheet(CPMSS)统计材料准确度accuracyoftake-off材料情况报告materialstatusreport(MSR)散装材料bulkmaterial编位号的itemized代码codenumber短代码shortcode数量quantity(QTY)重力weight净重netweight毛重grossweight5设备布置及管道布置PlotPlanandPipingLayout,EquipmentandPipingArrangement5.1设备名称EquipmentName5.1.1容器Vessel(1)塔tower,column洗涤塔scrubber吸收塔absorber冷却塔coolingtower精馏塔fractionatingtower蒸馏塔distillationtower再生塔regeneringtower造粒塔prfllingtower汽提塔stripper脱气塔degasifier合成塔synthesistower(2)反应器reactor聚台釜polymerizer转化器，变换器converter脱硫反应器desulphurizationreactor甲烷化器methanator(3)气柜gas-holder螺旋式气柜helicalgas-holder湿式气柜wetgas-holder干式气柜drygas-holder(4)槽罐贮罐tank;storagetank缓冲罐knockoutdrum球罐spheroid,sphericaltank罐drum接受槽receiver计量槽measuringtank加料槽feedtank排污罐blowdowntank闪蒸罐flashdrum汽包steamdrum溶液贮槽solutionstoragetank地下槽sloptank(5)其它设备分离器separator旋风分离器cyclone分子筛molecularsieve脱氧器deaerator搅拌器agitator干燥器dryer混合器mixer萃取器extractor结晶器crystallizer澄清器gravitysettler净化器purifier气化器vaporizer吸附器adsorber融解槽melter减温器desuperheater升压器booster喷射器ejector喷头sprayer火炬flare消声器silencer(6)换热器、加热器、冷却器换热器heatexchanger空冷器aircooler水冷却器watercooler冷凝器condenser螺旋板式换热器spiralplateheatexchanger蒸发器evaporator再沸器reboiler急冷器quencher深冷器chiller预热器preheater再热器reheater加热器heater电加热器electricheater过热器superheater给水加热器feedwaterheater中间冷却器intercooler后冷却器aftercooler5.1.2工业炉及锅炉炉子furnace烧嘴burner锅炉boiler烟囱stack废热锅炉wasteheatboiler辅助锅炉auxiliaryboiler省煤器economizer回热炉direct-firedheater辐射段radiantsection对流段convectionsection裂化炉reformer焚烧炉incinerator回转窑rotarykiln炉管furnacetube吹灰器sootblower观察孔observationdoor,peepdoor防爆门explosiondoor5.2辅助用房名称5.2.1生产用房分析室analyzerroom变压器室transformerroom配电室，变电所substation,switchroom蓄电池室batteryroom控制室controlroom通风室ventilatingroom贮藏室storageroom维修间maintenanceroom办公室office5.2.2生活用房更农室lockerroom盥洗室，厕所closet,lavatory,toilet5.3图名管道布置平面pipingarrangementplan(PAP)管道布置pipinglayout轴测图isometricdrawing分区索引图keyplan初版设备布置图（“A”版）preliminaryplotplan(“A”issue)内部审查版设备布置图（“B”版）inrernalapprovalplotplan(“B”issue)用户审查版设备布置图（“C”版)ownerapprovalplotplan(“C”issue)确认版设备布置图（“D”版）confirmplotplan(“D”issue)研究版设备布置图（“e”版）planningplotplan(“E”issue)设计版设备布置图（“F”）designingplotplan(“F”issue)施工版设备布置图（“G”版）constructionplotplan(“G”issue)5.4厂房、站、单元压缩机房compressorhouse(room)泵房pumphouse(room)洗眼站eyewasherstation泡沫站foamstation软管站，公用工程站hosestation(HS),utilitystation成套设备packageunit设施facilities罐区tankyard空分装置airseparationfacility5.5设备布置设备位号equipmentitemnumber工厂plant工厂区界plantlimit项目区界内侧insidebatterylimit(I.S.B.L.)项目区界batterylimit(BL)区界arealimit区域边界zoneiimit界外offsite东east(E)西west(W)南south(S)北north(N)上up下down工厂北向plantnorth真实北向truenorth道路road小过道catwalk,catway走道，过道walkway,gangway,accessway污水坑（井）sumppit集水池catchbasin沟槽through预留区trough场地futurearea铺砌区pavingarea非铺砌区unpavedarea碎石铺面gravelpaving橡皮铺面rubberpaving面积，区域area体积，容积volume(VOL)5.6管道布置管道设计pipingdesign管道研究pipingstudy走向研究routingstudy重要管道criticalpiping地上管道abovegroundpiping地下管道undergroundpiping管网networkofpipes管廊piperack管沟pipingtrench管间距linespacing管道跨距linespan总管header,manifold旁路bypass排液drain放空vent上升管，垂直管riser导管canduit裸管bareiine管件直接fittingtofitting(FTF)管段，接口spoolpiece,spool取样接口samplingconnection集液包dripleg伴热管tracingpipe蒸汽伴热steamtracing热水伴热hot-watertracing电伴热electricaltracing夹套管jacketedline,jacketedpiping全夹套的fulljacketed平面plan详图detail“”视图Xview“X”“”剖视A-Asection“A-A”连接图hookupdrawing接续图continueondrawing(COD)接续线matchline(M.L.)比例scale图例legend符号symbol管口表listofnozzles方位orientation管口方位nozzleorientation定位location相交intersection水平的horizontal垂直的，立式的vertical垂直，正交，垂直的perpendicular平行，平行的parallel水平安装horizontalinstallation垂直安装verticalinstallafion对称的symmetricopposite顺时针方向clockwise逆时针方向counterclockwise计算机辅助设计computeraideddesign(CAD)5.7图面标注绝对标高abseluteelevation海平面标高over-seameanlevel(OSL)标高，立面elevation(EL)混凝土顶面topofconcrete架顶面topofsupport(TOS)钢结构顶面topofsteel梁项面topofbeam(TOB)支撑点pointofsuppon(POS)管顶topofpipe(TOP)管底bouomofpipe(BOP)沟底boaomoftrench管子内底invert(insidebottomofpipe)底平flatonbottom(FOB)顶平flatontop(FOT)工作点workingpoint(W.P.)面至面facetoface(F-F)中心至端面centertoend(C-E)中心至面centertoface(C-F)中心至中心，中至中centertocenter(C-C)坐标coordinate坐标原点originofcoordinate出口中心线centerlineofdischarge入口中心线centerlineofsuction中心线centerline(CL)入口inlet,suction出口outlet,discharge排出口exhaust距离distance5.8相关专业的专业词汇5.8.1工艺(1)图及表流程图flowdiagram工艺流程图processflowdiagram(PFD)管道及仪表流程图pipingandinstrumentflowdiagram(PID)公用工程流程图utilityflowdiagram(UFD)管线表linelist;lineschedule命名表；管道表nomenclature设备表equipmentlist(schedule)(2)流体fluid空气air仪表空气instrumentair工艺空气processair低压蒸汽lowpressuresteam中压蒸汽mediumpressuresteam高压蒸汽highpressuresteam伴热蒸汽tracingsteam饱和蒸汽saturatedsteam过热蒸汽superheatedsteam氧气oxygen氢气hydrogen氮气nitrogen燃料气fuelgas天然气naturalgas火炬气flaregas酸性气sourgas液化石油气liquefiredpetroleumgas(LPG)氨气ammoniagas冷却水cooling循环水circulatingwater锅炉给水boilerfeedwater热水hotwater蒸汽冷凝水steamcondensate盐水brine工艺水processwater化学污水chemicalsewage防腐剂corrosioninhibitor重油heavyoil石脑油naphtha燃料油fueloil润滑油lubricatingoil密封油sealingoil冷冻剂refrigerant载热体heatingmedium溶剂solvent溶液solution母液motherliquor单体monomer聚合物polymer均聚物homopolymer共聚物copolymer工艺液体processliquid工艺气体processgas硫酸sulphuricacid盐酸chlorhydricacid硝酸nitricacid烧碱causticsoda(3)流体特性fluidcharacteristics蒸汽压vaporpressure临界温度criticaltemperature临界点criticalpoint临界压力criticalpressure比热specificheat湿度humidity密度density比重specificgravity粘度viscosity闪点flashpoint融点meltingpoint凝固点freezingpoint浓度concentration爆炸极限limitofexplosion有毒的toxic可燃的；易燃的flammable(4)其它回收recovery再生regeneration循环cireulatlon再循环；再生recycle补充make-up制备preparation蒸汽吹扫steamingout吹扫purge抽空；排空evacuation吹出blow-off排污blowdown破真空vacuumbreaker大气腿barometricleg备用stand-by化学清洗chemicalcleaning净正吸入压头netpositivesuctionhead(NPSH)进料feed成品product污染contamination大气污染atmosphericpollution环境温度ambienttemperature5.8.2建筑、结构建筑物building钢结构steelstructure已有钢结构existingsteelstructure钢筋混凝土结构reinforcedconcreteconstruction楼面floor平台platform(PF)地面groundlevel栏杆handrail楼梯stair;stairway直梯ladder柱column;post;stanchion基础foundation;footing粱beam斜撑；支撑bracing桁架；主粱girder构件member隔墙partitionwall墙wall篦子板grate;grating吊装孔erectionopening吊梁hoistingbeam棚shelter窗window天窗skylight门door防火门firedoor地漏floordrain防火层fire-proofing总图generalplotplan路肩shoulder桩pile灌浆grouting风荷载windload雪荷载snowload动力荷载dynamicload静荷载deadload活荷载liveload风速windvelocity主导风向mostfrequentwinddirection5.8.3仪表盘（操作盘）panel就地盘localpanel仪表盘instrumentpanel常开normallyopen常闭normallyclosed电缆槽（架）cabletray(channel);cablerack仪表电缆槽（架）instrumentcabletray(duct)压力计manometer;pressuregauge热电偶thermocouple温度计thermometer液位计levelgauge玻璃液位计gageglass温度计保护管thermowell流量计flowmeter孔板orifice变送器transmitter联锁interlock仪器；设备apparatus仪器分析instrumentalanalysis自动分析automaticanalysis气体分析gasanalysis化学分析chemicalanalysis气相色谱仪gaschromatograph液相色谱仪liquidchromatograph质谱分析massspectrometricanalysis5.8.4电气危险区划分hazardousareaclassification危险区平面图hazardousareaplan电气盘electricalpanel配电盘switchboard电缆沟cabletrench电流current直流directcurrent交流alternatingcurrent频率frequency相位phase功率因数powerfactor电压voltage电阻resistance电容capacitance静电staticelectricity接地grounding;easthing照明lighting;illumination避雷针lightningpreventer电话telephone电线wire接线箱（盒）junctionbox导线管conduittube5.8.5设备固定鞍座fixedsaddle滑动鞍座slidingsaddle管口nozzle人孔manhole(MH)手孔handhole(HH)检查孔inspectionhole吊柱davit切线tangentline焊接线weldingiine件号parthumbet椭圆形封头ellipsoidalhead加强圈reinforcingring接地板earthlug吊耳liftinglug气缸cylinder轴shaft轴承bearing附件，附属设备accessory编位号设备itemizedequipment无位号设备non-itemizedequipment5.8.6水道(1)流体原水rawwater硬水hardwater软水softwater饮用水potablewater循环冷却水给水coolingwatersupply循环冷却水回水coolingwaterreturn脱盐水demineralizedwater苦咸水（碱性水）brackishwater生活污水sanitarysewer工业废水industrialwastewater雨水rainwater污染雨水contaminatedrainwater消防水firewater(2)装置、设施软化装置softener沉淀器settler沉淀池clarifier脱盐装置demineralizer水处理watertraatment冷却塔coolingtower中和池neutralizationtank化粪池septictank渗滤井soak-awaypit井well阀井valvepit清扫口cleanout（3）消防消火栓hydrant水炮watermonitor洒水器sprinkler水喷淋watering灭火器fireextinguisher消防水泵firepump消防车firefightingtruck泡沫消防foamfire-fighting泡沫栓foamhydrant泡沫炮foammonitor消防软管接头firehoseconnection6管道支吊架PipeSupportsandHangers6.1管架零部件AttachmentofSupport管托shoe管卡clampU形夹（卡）clevis锻制U形夹forgedsteelclevis支耳；吊耳lug;ear耳轴trunnion止动挡块shearlug托座stool托架cradle带状卡strapclamp夹板，导向板cleat可调夹板adjustablecleat角板；连接板gusset筋；肋rib支承环ring加强板stiffiener底板baseplate顶板topplate翅片式导向板fin预埋件embeddedpart;insertedplate垫板（安装垫平用）shim锚固件；生根件clip预焊件(设备上)clip(onequipment)聚四氟乙烯滑动板PTFEslidingplate连接板tieplate连接杆tierod限制杆limitrod带环头拉杆eyerod连接杆connectingrod杠杆lever支撑杆strut定位块presetpieces间隔管（片、块）spacer滑动吊板（吊架顶部用）slidingtraveler(forhanger)滑轮组tackle-block钢索，电缆cable木块woodblock鞍座saddle裙座skirt软管卷盘（简）hosereel管部附着件pipeattachment6.2管支架型式TypeofPipeSupport支承架restingsupport滑动架slidingsupport固定架anchor导向架guide限制性支架；约束restraint限位架stop限位器stopper定值限位架limitstop二维限位架two-axisstop往复定值限位架double-actinglimitstop定向限位架directionalstop吊架hanger弹簧架springsupport弹簧托架restingtypespringsupport弹簧吊架springhanger恒力吊架constanthanger重锤式吊架counterweighthanger弹簧恒力吊架springconstanthanger弹簧恒力托架restingtypespringconstantsupport滚动支架rollingsupport弹簧支撑架springbracing减振器snubber液压减振器hydraulicsnubber减振装置dampingdevice缓冲简（器）dashpot刚性吊架rigidhanger6.3标准及通用型支架标准管架standardpipesupport通用管架typicalpipesupport悬臂架cantileversupport三角架triangularsupport’支腿legⅡ形管架Ⅱ-typesupportL形管架L-typesupport柱式管架poletypesupport墙架supportonwall可调支架adjustablesupport管墩，低管架sleeper特殊管架specialsupport管道支吊架图pipingsupportdrawing6.4管架安装背至背backtoback钻孔drill长孔slot;slothole放气孔；通气孔venthole灌浆；水泥砂浆填平grouting组装；装配assembly攻螺孔tapped;tapping自由滑动freetoslide跨度span对中心；找正alignment切割使适合cuttosuit修饰使适合trimtosuit伸出长度（指预埋螺栓）extrusion7应力计算热应力分析thermalstressanalysis管道柔性分析pipingflexibilityanalysis荷载工况loadcase力force反力reaction力矩moment弯曲力矩bendingmoment扭矩torque外载externallyappliedload荷载load冷态荷载coldload工作荷载workingload外力externalforce内力internalforce力偶coupleofforce管系pipingsystem位移displacement附加位移appendantdisplacement;externallyimposeddisplacement角位移angularrotation冷拉coldspring自拉selfspring方向direction元件member节点node节点号nodenumber自由free固定点fixpoint;anchorpoint刚性的rigid柔性flexibility塑性plasticity热循环thermalcycle剧烈循环条件severecycliccondition应力stress弯曲应力bendingstress扭转应力torsionalstress轴向应力axialstress剪切应力shearstress拉应力tensionstress压应力compressionstress一次应力primarystress二次应力secondarystress位移（热胀）应力范围displacement(thermalexpansion)stressrange许用应力范围allowablestressrange位移应力displacementstress柔性应力flexibilitystress内压应力internalpressurestress外压应力externalpressurestress纵向应力longitudinalstress许用应力allowablestress主应力principalstress圆周应力circumferentialstress;hoopstress峰值应力peakstress脉动应力pulsatingstress交变应力alternatingstress残余应力residualstress热应力thermalstress遛转半径radiusofgyration泊松比；横向变形系数Poissonratio弹性模量modulusofelasticity惯性矩momentofinertia极惯性矩polarmomentofinertia断面系数sectionmodulus应力集中系数coefficientofstressconcentration应力范围减小系数stressrangereductionfactur应力增大系数stressintensificationfactor面内in-plane面外out-plane柔性系数flexibilityfactor柔度特性flexibilitycharacteristic弹簧系数springconstant热膨胀系数thermalexpansioncoefficient安全系数safetyfactor应变；变形strain;deformation应变能strainenergy挠度；弯度deflection地震earthquake耐震等级seismicclass临时荷载temporaryload地震荷载seismicload;earthquakeload地震系数seismiccoemcient;seismicfactor冲击荷载shockload超载superimposedload;excessload集中质量lumpedmass推力thrust设计震度designscismiccoefficient设计响应谱designresponsespectrum谱分析spectrumanalysis动态分析dynamicanalysis谐振分析harmonicanalysis固有振动型式naturalfrequencymode阻尼振动dampedvibration机械振动mechanicalvibration音响振动acousticvibration自由振动freevibration共振resonance湍振surging脉动pulsation激振；激发excitation衰减系数decayfactor;decaycoefficient;attenuationconstant固有频率naturalfrequency周期period波谷wavetrough波峰wavecrest振幅；波幅amplitude水锤waterhammer8隔热、隔声玻璃棉glasswoo1岩棉rockwool聚氨酯；聚氨基甲酸酯polyurethane泡沫玻璃foamglass;cellularglass沥青asphalt油毛毡asphaltfelt镀锌铁丝galvanizedwire镀锌铁丝网galvanizedwiremesh石棉板asbestosboard石棉布asbastoscloth石棉织品asbestosfabric管壳shell棉毡blanket硅酸钙calciumsi