2023高考英语一轮复习综合解析训练25

第页2023高考英语一轮复习综合解析训练25Ⅰ.单项填空1.Scientistshavecreated_______intelligentfoodwrappingmaterialthatchangescolorif_______contentsaregoingbad.A.an;不填 B.不填;theC.an;the D.the;不填2.—IhavedecidedtospendmysummerholidaysinFrance.—_______I’msureyou’llhaveagoodtime.A.Howareyou? B.Letmesee.C.Soundswonderful. D.Welldone!3.—I’mexhausted.I_______onadesigndayandnight.—You’dbetterhaveseveraldaysoffafterfinishingit.Otherwiseyoumightbreakdown.A.havebeenworking B.haveworkedC.work D.worked4.Livinginahighly_______society，youdefinitelyhavetoarmyourselfwithmoderntechnologyandskills.A.competitive B.fierceC.attractive D.sensitive5.Inordertoremovepoverty,theWorldBankhasswitchedits_______toprovidingassistancetodevelopingcountries.A.concern B.process C.focus D.struggle6.—Ifyouareunabletoattendtheinterview,for_______reason,youshouldinformusimmediately.—Gotit.A.that B.whatever C.whichever D.wherever7.Ihavesentseverale-mailstothecompanyfortheadvertisedjob,noneof_______hasbeenanswered.A.whom B.that C.which D.whose8.—Everyonewillmakeamistake.—Yeah,butweshouldcorrectit_______itgetsworse.A.when B.before C.after D.while9.Whenchoosingauniversity,don’tjustthinkaboutitsreputation;_______forthemostsuitableoneforyourgoals.A.tolook B.lookingC.looked D.look10.—Whathappenedtotheyoungtreesweplantedlastweek?—Thetrees_______well,butIdidn’twaterthem.A.mightgrow B.needn’thavegrown C.wouldhavegrown D.wouldgrow11.Weshouldconsiderthestudents’request_______theschoollibraryprovidemorebooksonpopularscience.A.that B.when C.which D.where12.—Haveyoureceivedyournewshoes?—Yes.AndatthesametimeIgotthejacketI_______.A.hadordered B.orderedC.haveordered D.order13.Afterseveralroundsofcompetition,thelittlegirl_______becauseofherexcellentspokenEnglishandquickresponse.A.putout B.pickedoutC.brokeout D.stoodout14._______yourabilitytoadapttothenewwork,youarenoworsethantheothers;youarejustmuchtoocareless.A.Inspiteof B.IntermsofC.Inmemoryof D.Insearchof15.—WouldyoumindifItookmypetdogtoyourbirthdayparty?—_______.It’sOKwithme.A.Ihatedogs B.Byallmeans C.Withpleasure D.You’rewelcomeⅡ.阅读理解第一节阅读以下短文，从每题所给的四个选项〔A、B、C和D〕中，选出最正确选项。Anewstudysuggeststhatearlyexposuretogerms(细菌)strengthenstheimmune(免疫的)system.Thatmeanslettingchildrengetalittledirtymightbegoodfortheirhealthlaterinlife.Thestudyinvolvedlaboratorymice.Itfoundthatadultmiceraisedinagerm-freeenvironmentweremorelikelytodevelopallergies,asthmaandotherautoimmunedisorders.Therearemorethaneightydisorderswherecellsthatnormallydefendthebodyinsteadattacktissuesandorgans.RichardBlumberg，wholedthestudy,isaprofessoratHarvardMedicalSchoolinBoston，Massachusetts.Hesays,in1989,medicalresearcherswhosoughttoexplainthesediseases,firstdiscoveredthattheincreasinguseofantibacterialsoapsandotherproducts,especiallyearlyinlife,couldweakenimmunesystems.Now,Dr.Blumbergandhisteamhavewhatisthefirstbiologicalevidencetolinkearlyexposuretogermstostrongeradultimmunesystems.Theysaythisexposurecouldpreventthedevelopmentofsomeautoimmunediseases.Intheadultgerm-freemice,theyfoundthatinflammation(发炎)inthelungsandcolonwascausedbyso-calledkillerTcells.Thesenormallyfightinfection.Buttheybecameoveractiveandtargetedhealthytissue—anautoimmuneconditionseeninasthmaandadiseasecalledulcerativecolitis.Dr.Blumbergsaysthemiceraisedinanormalenvironmentdidnothavethesamereaction.Hesaystheirimmunesystemshadbeen“educated〞byearlyexposuretogerms.Ratesofautoimmunedisordersarerisingworldwide,butmostlyinwealthier,industrializedcountries.AccordingtoDr.Blumberg,itmightbehightimethatpeoplewerewarnedtobemorecarefulwiththeearlyuseofantibiotics(抗生素)andtheprescriptionfromtheirdoctors.RobDunnisaprofessorofecologyandevolutionarybiologyatNorthCarolinaStateUniversityinRaleigh.Hesaysthenewstudydoesnotmeanpeopleshouldstopwashing.“Washyourhands,butdon’tdoitwithantibacterialsoap.Letyourkidsplayinareasonableamountofdirtandgetoutsideandgetexposedtoadiversityofthings〞,saysRobDunn.16.Whofirstfoundimmunesystemsmightgetharmedbyoverlyusingantibacterialproducts?A.Aprofessorofecologyandevolutionarybiology.B.AprofessoratHarvardMedicalSchoolinBoston.C.Medicalresearcherswhotriedtoexplainautoimmunedisorders.D.Medicalresearcherswhotriedtotreatautoimmunedisorders.17.Tokeephealthyinthefuture,childrenhadbetter_______.A.playinadirtyenvironmentonceinawhileB.liveinagerm-freeenvironmentC.useplentyofantibacterialsoapsD.stayindevelopedcountries18.Whyaregerm-freemiceeasytodeveloplunginflammation?A.BecausetheirTcellsfightbacteriaeffectively.B.BecausetheirTcellsattackthehealthytissues.C.Becausetheirlungsbecomeabnormallyactive.D.Becausetheirlungshaveweakertissues.19.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat_______.A.washinghandsisnolongeragoodhabitforchildrenB.antibioticswillbeforbiddeninchildren’shospitalsC.exposuretodirthelpsbuildchildren’scharactersD.theabuseofantibioticsmaybecondemned第二节根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。●Hi,Carolyn:It’sbeenabadtimeformyhusbandandme.Ihaven’tbeenabletogetpregnantsinceamiscarriageaboutayearago,andmanypeoplearoundmehavehadbabiesoraregettingpregnant.20IhavebeenlookingforanotherjobformonthsandhavebeenonmoreinterviewsthanIeverthoughtIwouldget.ButIstilldon’thaveanewposition.21Iknoweveryonehasupsanddowns,butIfeellikeI’vebeendownsolong,withnothingchanging.Howdoyoucontinuefeelinghopefulwhensomanythingsgowrong?I’veseenadoctor.Shedidhelp,butitstillhurtswhenanotherfriendispregnantorwaitanotherweekwithnojoboffer.—FeelingDown●Dear,Feelingdown:Itwillhurt,yes.Andifyou’velosthope,thenanalyzingthedepressionisamust.It’ssopersonalthatit’shardtomakesuggestions,butwhatareyoureliablygoodat,whatgivesyougreatpleasure,andwhatputssmilesonyourface?22Formanyit’sjustgettingtotheotherside,knowingyouhaveafavoritebookorthepersonyoulovewaitingforyouattheendoftheday.Personally,beingamomalsocomeswithdifficultlows,sinceallkidsstrugglewiththeworldandwiththeirparents.It’stheirjob.Whileyousay“somanythingsgowrong,〞Iactuallycounttwoinyourletter—losingyourbabyandyourjob.23Butyoudohaveyourgeneralhealth,yourtalents,yourmarriage,yourfriends,yourfamily,andotherabilitiesandintereststomoveyouforward.24—CarolynA.Idon’tmeantominimizeeither;they’relife’schallenges,andyou’refacingboth.B.I’mbeginningtofeellikeIcan’thavethingsgoright.C.Wouldyoubesokindastohelpmewithmyproblems?D.Myjobisprobablynotgoingtolastbeyondspring.E.Wheneveryouneedthem,theyareproofofyourstrength.F.Forsomepeopleit’sexercise;forsomeit’sgivingtheirtimetoagoal.G.Takeadeepbreathandjusttakeiteasy.答案解析1.【解析】选C。考查冠词用法。句意：科学家们已经制造了一种智能的食品包装材料，如果里面的东西要变质，它就会变色。在第一个空中用不定冠词an表示“一种〞；contents之前加定冠词the，表示特指。2.【解析】选C。考查情景交际。句意：——我已经决定要去法国度暑假。——听起来很不错。我相信你会玩得非常快乐。Howareyou?你好吗？；Letmesee.让我想想；Soundswonderful.听起来很不错；Welldone!做得好。3.【解析】选A。考查动词时态。句意：——我现在很疲惫。我一直在夜以继日地进行一项设计。——你最好完成设计后休几天假，否那么你身体可能会垮掉。根据语境，“进行设计〞是从过去到目前还一直在进行的动作，故要用现在完成进行时。4.【解析】选A。考查形容词辨析。句意：生活在一个高度竞争的社会，你肯定要用现代化的技术和技能来武装自己。competitive竞争的；fierce凶猛的；猛烈的；attractive迷人的，吸引人的；sensitive敏感的。故此题正确选项为A。5.【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。句意：为了消除贫困，世界银行已经将重点转向为开展中国家提供援助。focus重点，中心；concern关心，关注；process过程；struggle努力；奋斗。6.【解析】选B。考查连接词。句意：如果你不能参加面试，不管是因为什么原因，你应该马上通知我们。whatever在句中为形容词，意为“无论什么样的〞，修饰reason;whichever意为“无论哪一个〞；wherever为副词，不能修饰名词。7.【解析】选C。考查含“介词+关系代词〞结构的定语从句。句意：我已经向这家公司发了几封电子邮件申请广告上的工作，这些邮件中却没有一个得到回复。句中的e-mails为先行词，noneof之后的关系代词指物，故要用which。8.【解析】选B。考查状语从句。句意：——每个人都会犯错误。——是的，但我们应该趁着情况还没有变得更糟糕就去更正它。before在句中作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“在……之前，趁着……还没有……〞。9.【解析】选D。考查祈使句。句意：在选择大学时，不要只考虑其声望；要寻找最适合你目标的大学。句中第二局部为祈使句，要以动词原形开头，应选D。10.【解析】选C。考查虚拟语气。句意：——我们上周种的小树怎么样了？——这些小树本来会长得很好，但是我没有给它们浇水。答句考查虚拟语气，对过去的事实进行假设，相当于IfIhadwateredthem,theywouldhavegrownwell.故此题选C。【方法技巧】在对虚拟语气进行考查时，有时虚拟句的条件句并不出现，而是以其他的形式进行呈现。比方以without或butfor短语引导的隐含条件句呈现或用otherwise或but前后引导两个分句的形式呈现，特别是以otherwise或but引导并列句形式出现的结构，两个分句所用的语气正好相反，即在otherwise引导并列时，其前的句子要用陈述语气，而其后的句子要用虚拟语气；而but引导并列句时，那么其前为虚拟语气，其后为陈述语气。例如：—Didyouhaveanytroublegettinghere?—No.OtherwiseI_______you.A.telephoned B.shouldhavetelephonedC.wouldhavetelephonedD.hadtelephoned【剖析】本句中otherwise之后就为虚拟局部，由语境中的第一局部可知，对话发生在过去的某个时间，因此此题是对过去语境的一个假设，故此局部的虚拟结构要选C。整个句子相当于：IfIhadanytroublegettinghere,Iwouldhavetelephonedyou.11.【解析】选A。考查名词性从句。句意：我们应该考虑学生提出的学校图书馆应该提供更多科普图书的要求。request意为“要求，请求〞，其后接that引导的同位语从句，解释说明request的内容。12.【解析】选A。考查动词时态。句意：——你是否收到了你的新鞋？——收到了。同时我也收到了我订购的夹克。根据语境，order〔订购〕一词表示的动作发生在got之前，故用过去完成时。13.【解析】选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意：经过几轮的比赛，小女孩因为其出色的英语口语和快速反响脱颖而出。standout突出，出色；putout扑灭，伸出；pickout挑选出来;breakout爆发。由此可知D项正确。14.【解析】选B。考查介词短语辨析。句意：就适应新工作的能力而言，你不比其他人差，你就是太粗心。intermsof从……角度而言，依据，根据；inspiteof尽管，不管，不顾；inmemoryof为纪念……；insearchof搜寻，搜索。故此题正确选项为B。15.【解析】选B。考查情景交际。句意：——我把我的宠物狗带到你的生日晚会你介意吗？——当然可以。我没问题。从说话人所说的It’sOKwithme.可知，说话者允许对方把宠物狗带到晚会上来，故要用byallmeans意为“当然可以〞；A项答复与后面的It’sOKwithme相