2023年考研外语冲刺密卷16

考研外语冲刺密卷16

一、UseofEnglish

1、Theeffectofthebabyboomontheschoolshelpedtomakepossibleashiftinthinkingabouttheroleofpubliceducationinthe1920's.Inthe1920's,butespecially【1】theDepressionofthe1930's,theUnitedStatesexperienceda【2】birthrate.Thenwiththeprosperity【3】onbytheSecondWorldWarandtheeconomicboomthatfollowedit,youngpeoplemarriedand【4】householdsearlierandbeganto【5】largerfamiliesthanhadtheir【6】duringtheDepression.Birthratesroseto102perthousandin1946,106.2in1950,and118in1955.【7】economicswasprobablythemostimportant【8】,itisnottheonlyexplanationforthebabyboom.Theincreasedvalueplaced【9】theideaofthefamilyalsohelpsto【10】thisriseinbirthrates.Thebabyboomersbeganstreaming【11】thefirstgradebythemid-1940'sandbecamea【12】by1950.Thepublicschoolsystemsuddenlyfounditself【13】Thewartimeeconomymeantthatfewnewschoolswerebuihbetween1940and1945.【14】,largenumbersofteacherslefttheirprofessionduringthatperiodforbetter-payingjobselsewhere.

【15】,inthe1950's,thebabyboomhitanantiquatedandinadequateschoolsystem.Consequently,thecustodialrhetoricofthe1930'snolongermade【16】;keepingyouthsagessixteenandolderoutofthelabormarketbykeepingtheminschoolcouldnolongerbeahigh【17】foraninstitutionunabletofindspaceandstafftoteachyoungerchildren.Withthebabyboom,thefocusofeducators【18】turnedtowardthelowergradesandbacktobasicacademicskillsand【19】.Thesystemnolongerhadmuch【20】inofferingnontraditional,new,andextraservicestoolderyouths.

(1)

A.in

B.for

C.at

D.on

2、(2)

A.accelerating

B.strengthening

C.declining

D.fluctuating

3、(3)

A.took

B.produced

C.brought

D.carried

4、(4)

A.adopted

B.incorporated

C.administered

D.established

5、(5)

A.increase

B.raise

C.erect

D.generate

6、(6)

A.predecessors

B.successors

C.processors

D.oppressors

7、(7)

A.Since

B.Despite

C.Although

D.Unless

8、(8)

A.tenant

B.determinant

C.lubricant

D.repentant

9、(9)

A.at

B.on

C.for

D.with

10、(10)

A.demonstrate

B.interpret

C.exhibit

D.explain

11、(11)

A.through

B.across

C.into

D.towards

12、(12)

A.creek

B.flood

C.bonus

D.pledge

13、(13)

A.overtaxed

B.overdosed

C.overweighed

D.overlapped

14、(14)

A.Moreover

B.However

C.Otherwise

D.Thus

15、(15)

A.Nevertheless

B.Therefore

C.Furthermore

D.Hencefore

16、(16)

A.sense

B.meaning

C.sensible

D.meaningful

17、(17)

A.notoriety

B.compatibility

C.proximity

D.priority

18、(18)

A.refutably

B.indispensably

C.inevitably

D.respectively

19、(19)

A.conference

B.symposium

C.seminar

D.discipline

20、(20)

A.ability

B.advantage

C.benefit

D.interest

二、ReadingComprehension

1、PartA

Directions:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.(40points)

It'snevertooearlyortoolateforaparenttobecomeateacher.Inthisageofteacheraccountability,endlessschooltesting,increasedpressureandcompetition,andtheproliferationof"educational"toys,toomanypeopleforgetthatsuccessbeginsathome.

FreemanA.HrabowskiⅢ,presidentoftheUniversityofMaryland,BaltimoreCounty,andco-authorofBeatingtheOdds:RaisingAcademicallySuccessfulAfricanAmericanMalesandOvercomingtheOdds:RaisingAcademicallySuccessfulAfricanAmericanYoungWomen,saysthatintheinterviewsheandhisco-authorsconducted,theoverwhelmingfactorintheirchildren'sacademicachievementwasthatparentsinspiredandenvisionedtheirchildren'ssuccess.Theythoughtandtalkedaboutwhatwouldberequiredtohavea.successfulchild.

"Itjustmakessuchadifferencewhenthere'ssomeoneinthathouseworkingtorelatetothatchildandinspirethatchild,"Hrabowskisays."Theseparents(ofthehighachieversdiscussed)arereallyinspirationalintheircommitmenttotheirchildren."

ProfessorBarbaraT.Bowman,oneofthefacultyfoundersofChicago'sEriksonInstitute,anindependentinstitutionofhighereducationthatprepareschilddevelopmentprofessionalsforleader-ship,saysthatBlackchildrenmustlearnintwodifferentcultures-theAfrican-Americancultureinwhichtheyliveandthemainstreamcultureonwhichschoolandeducationarebased.

Bowmanalsosaystherelationshipbetweenchildrenandtheirparentsiscritical."Itistheearlyresponsivenessofthecaregivertotheinfant'sbehavior.thatcreatesasenseofwell-beingandoptimismthataffectsthechild'sinterestinlearning,"saysBowman,whoservedaspresidentoftheinstitutefrom1994tolastyear."Childrenwholikeandwanttopleasetheadultlearnbetterwhattheadultwantsthemtolearn."

InthisdayofhighlycompetitivetestingandthestressofgettinghighSATorACTscores,it'simportantalsotoavoidpressuringoroverexposingyourchild.Yoursonordaughterisprobablyalreadyfacingstressatschoolandontheplayground.Yourroleistohelphimorherrelieveandmanagethatstress.Helpthemtounderstandthatlifedoesnotendorbeginwithatest.Andwhileacademicsuccessisimportant,it'salsoimportanttokeepeverythinginperspective.Failureisarelativeterminthegrandschemeofthings.Ifyourchilddidpoorlyonatest,butansweredaparticularlytoughquestioncorrectly,stressthepositive.Ontheotherhand,ifschoolworkcomestooeasilytoyourchild,findotherwaystochallengehimorhersotheyunderstandthatlifewon'talwaysbethatway.

Accordingtotheauthor,theparentsofhighachieversareusually______.

A.successfulthemselves

B.teachers

C.inspirational

D.workinghard

2、

ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheAfrican-Americancultureis______.

A.animportantpartofthemainstreamculture

B.thebaseofthemainstreamculture

C.differentinmanywaysfromthemainstreamculture

D.dependantonthemainstreamculture

3、

Whetherachildisinterestedinlearningdependson______.

A.thecontenttheadultwantsthechildrentolearn

B.howpleasedtheparentsarewhenthechildrenarelearning

C.thefeedbacktheparentsgivetochildrenatanearlyage

D.thephysicalhealthofthechildren

4、

Thesuggestiongiveninthelastparagraphis______.

A.toemphasizetheimportanceofsuccessforchildren

B.toavoidpressuringthechildrentoomuch

C.tochallengethechildrenasmuchaspossible

D.tousethepositiveeffectofpressure

5、

Whichoneofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Howtoraiseahigh-achievingchild

B.Successfulstudentswhoseparentsareteachers

C.Keyfactorsforchildren'ssuccess

D.Motivationandchallenge:whatdochildrenneedmost?

6、Lastyear,onegroupofstudentsinTaiwandidjustthat.Theytookchances-andendedupinjail.Morethan20studentspaidacramschoolownertohelpthemcheatonTaiwan'sentranceexam,accordingtopolice.Thestudentsreceivedanswerstotestquestionsthroughcellphonesandotherelectronicdevices.Taiwanisn'ttheonlyplaceinAsiatoseemajorcheatingscandals.InbothIndiaandSouthKorea,collegeentranceexamshavebeenstolenandsoldtostudents.

Academiccheatinghasrisendramaticallyoverthelastdecade.DukeUniversityconductedasurveyof50,000universityand18,000highschoolstudentsinAmerica.Morethan70percentofthestudentsadmittedcheating.Just10yearsearlier,only56percentsaidtheyhadcheated.ThistrendextendsfarbeyondtheU.S.,too.InAsia,wherestudentsfaceintensepressuretoexcel,thecheatingproblemisespeciallypronounced.InmanyAsiancountries,astudent'sperformanceismeasuredmostlybyexamscores.Andadmissiontoatopschooldependsonacingstandardizedtests.Thistest-drivenculturemakescheatinganeasywayforstudentstogetaheadinasuper-competitiveacademicsystem.

Butthepressuretoperform.wellontestsisn'ttheonlythingturningstudentsintocheaters.Forone,newtechnologymakescheatingeasierthanever.Studentsnowhavemoresophisticatedoptionsthanjust"cheatsheets"hiddeninpencilboxes.Today'stech-smartstudentsusetext-messagingtodiscreetlysendeachothertestanswers.Theypostquestionsfromstandardizedtestsoninternetbulletinboards.StudentsinAsia,forexample,havepostedquestionsfromtheTestofEnglishasaForeignLanguage(TOEFL)andtheGraduateRecordExam(GRE).

Deeperissuesthantechnologyandtesting,however,maybeleadingtotheriseinacademicdishonesty.Bothstudentsandeducatorssaythatsocietyofferstoomanynegativerolemodels.Businesspeoplemakemillionsandscientistseamintemationalacclaimbycheatingandlying.ThecaseofKoreanscientistHwangWooSukoffersonepowerfulexample.Hefakedtheresultsofhisstemcellresearchandbecameanationalhero.Frommanysectorsofsociety,themessagetostudentsisloudandclear:Cheatingisaneasywaytogetahead.

VictoriaLin,ahighschoolteacherinTaichung,sayseducatorsmustbegintostressintegrityaswellasachievementinacademics.That'swhatshetriestoinstillinherstudents."Ialwaystellmystudents,'Howmuchisyourcharacterworth?100points?90points?'"JerryChang,astudentatTaiwan'sOrientalInstituteofTechnology,alsohaswordsofadviceforclassmatesheseescheating."Whenyoucheatonexams,youonlycheatyourself,"hesays,"becauseyouwon'tknowhowmuchyou'vereallylearned."

Theexamplementionedinparagraph1meansto______.

A.criticizethecramschoolfortheirpooreducationqualities

B.highlighttheseriousnessofcheatinginTaiwan

C.showhowprevalenttheproblemofcheatingis

D.showsympathyforthosewhocheated

7、

Whatdoestheword"acing"mostprobablymean?

A.Extraordinarilygood.

B.Hardlysatisfactory.

C.Barelypassing.

D.Middling.

8、

Inparagraph3,theauthorfocusesonthefactorof______.

A.pressuresrelatedtotests

B.advancedtechnologies

C.sophisticationofstudents

D.standardizedtests

9、

TheexampleofKoreanscientistHwangWooSukisquotedto______.

A.shifttotopicfromstudents'cheatingtoacademicdishonesty

B.attributetheproblemofcheatingtothenegativeexamplesinoursociety

C.comparebusinesspeopleandscientistsincheatingscandals

D.blametechnologyasthemostimportantreasonforcheating

10、

Whatisthesuggestiongiveninthelastparagraphtotackletheproblemofcheating?

A.Theteachingofvaluesshouldbegivenequal,ifnothigher,priority.

B.Teachersshouldavoidtalkingaboutstudentstestscorestoomuch.

C.Educatorsshouldhaveareasonableexpectationforstudents'scores.

D.Schoolshouldaddintegrityaspartofthetestscores.

11、Anattempttowardstherectificationoftherotthathassetinthesocialandnationallifeofthecountryisbeingmade,withgreatenthusiasm,throughjudicialactivism.Howeverjudicialactivismalonedoesnotsufficefortherectificationofthisall-pervadingmalaise.Whatisurgentlyneededisthesupportofothersocialagencies/institutions.Averyimportantroleinthismattercanbeplayedbymediaactivism,thetopicunderdiscussiontoday.

Itisundoubtedlytruethatthepositionofmediaorjournalismisnotthatofamissionbutofacommercialindustry.Thetruthofthematter,however,isthatourpresentjournalismisusedtopresentingonlyhalfsideofthepicture.Thisistherootcauseofallourproblems.Inviewofthepresentcircumstancesmediaactivismwouldamounttopresentabalancedreportingofthesituationabandoningthepresentpolicyofselectivereporting.

Theprincipleofmodernjournalismcanbeunderstoodfromthissaying:"Whenadogbitesamanitisnonews,butwhenamanbitesadog,itisnews".OnepracticalexampleofthismethodisprovidedbyourpresentjournalismwhichisconstantlyengagedingivingmaximumcoveragetoanyhotnewscreatedbyanunrulysectionofMuslims.Ifthepercentageofhotnewsformsonlyonepercentthepercentageofsoftnewsisnotlessthan99percent.Butthereadersofthenewspapersaretotallyinthedarkaboutthis99percentofthepicture,whereastheonepercentisbeingrepeated.SimilarlyifanextremistHinducreateshotnews,thiswillfindaplaceinallthenewspapersthenextday.WhereasevenintheHinduworldthereis99percentsoftnewswhilehotnewsformsnotmorethanonepercent.

Asaresultofthisonesidedstudy,unrealopinionisformedbyboththecommunitiesregardingoneanother.Takingextremeformsthisunrealopinionattimesturnsintocommunalriots.Theselectivereportingofthisnatureremainsapermanentobstacletothepathofnationalintegration.

Fortherectificationofthisstateofaffairsapowerfuljournalistsorganization-aswealreadyhaveformedforourrights-basedontheprinciplesofsocialresponsibilitiesisrequired.MediaRelationsForumisanorganizationwhichaimsatworkingforthisgoal.

AlongwiththisIshouldliketoputforwardaproposalforbringingaboutanatmosphereofsupportandcooperationbetweenthenewspapersandsocialworkers.Wheneverarumorspreadsoragroupindulgesinanyactivitywhichmayleadtodisruptingpeace,socialworkersshouldimmediatelyengagethemselvesinathoroughinvestigationofthematterandthenthroughthefullsupportofthenewspaperstheactualversionispublishedinthenewspapers.Thisistheonlywaytomaintainpeaceandharmonyincommunities.

Theword"malaise"(Line3,Paragraph1)mostprobablymeans______.

A.problem

B.definition

C.rectification

D.enthusiasm

12、

Whichoneofthefollowingisthecharacteristicofthecurrentreporting?

A.Commercialreporting.

B.Balancedreporting.

C.Selectivereporting.

D.Problemreporting.

13、

TheexampleofthereportsaboutMuslimsisusedto______.

A.analyzehowitisdifferentfromHindu

B.introducethenewsindustrythere

C.showcasehowthecurrentreportingisunbalanced

D.exemplifyhowreportingshouldbeorganized

14、

Fromthepassage,weknowthatMediaRelationForumis______.

A.aseminarinwhichjournalistsfromdifferenceplaceslearnandcommunicate

B.anorganizationpromotingsocialresponsibilitiesofmedia

C.amanagementbodytorectifyallkindsofmisconductofmedia

D.anorganizationtoprotecttherightsandsafetyofjournalists

15、

Inthelastparagraph,theauthorfocusesontheresponsibilitiesof______.

A.newspapers

B.socialworkers

C.investigators

D.communities

16、Sportpsychologyresearchhasdocumentedtheimportantroteofsignificantadultssuchasparentsandcoachesinyouthparticipants'psychosocialdevelopmentandachievementmotivation.However,thesituationconcerningparentsandcoachesinyouthsportissomewhatofaconundrum—therolesofcoachandparentareoftensynonymous,suggestingnotsimplyanindependentrelationshipwiththechildparticipant.

Inrecentyears,agrowingbodyofliteraturehasemergedonparentinfluenceinyouthsportbasedontheseandothertheories.First,researchshowsthatparentswhoaremoresupportiveandlesspressuringoftheirchildrenareassociatedwithyouthparticipantswhoreporthigherperceivedcompetence,enjoyment,andintrinsicmotivationtowardsport.Second,parentswhoencouragetheirchild'sparticipationandexhibitenjoymentofphysicalactivityarerelatedtochildrenwhoreporthigherperceivedcompetenceandattractiontowardphysicalactivity.Finally,parentswhoholdstrongerpositivebeliefsabouttheirchild'sphysicalcompetenceareassociatedwithchildrenwhoreporthigherself-perceptions,valuetowardsport,andphysicalactivitylevels.

AprevalentphenomenonofNorthAmericancultureistheparent-coachdualrole.Mostcoachesincompetitiveyouthsportareparentsofoneormoreoftheirplayers.Brownestimatedthatabout90%ofthevolunteercoachesinagivencommunityareaparentofoneormoreteammembers.Althoughonecanforwardseveralpositiveaspectsoftheparent-coachphenomenon,thereisalsothepotentialforyouthtoperceivestressfromthisparent-childrelationship.Severalresearchersreportedthatadolescentathletesfeltpressurefromtheircoachesandparentstoperform.well,anddesiredthatparentsbesourcesofsocialsupportandleaveskillandstrategyinstructiontothecoach'sdomain.Collectively,anecdotalaccountsandempiricaldatasuggestthatexploringthebenefitsandcostsofparentscoachingtheirchildrenisaworthytopicfromboththeoreticalandappliedperspectives.

Therefore,basedonpreviousresearchontheroleofparentsandcoachesinyouthdevelopment,thepurposeofthepresentstudywastogainknowledgeabouttheparent-coachphenomenonincompetitiveyouthsport.Weaccomplishedthispurposebyinterviewingyouthsoccerplayerswhowerecoachedbytheirparent,thechild'steammates,andtheparent-coach.Weexpectthatchildparticipantswouldidentifybothpositiveandnegativeaspectsofhavingaparentastheircoach,inlinewithpreviousresearch,butweweremostcurioustoknowifdifferentissueswouldberaisedabouttheuniqueparent-coach/child-athleterelationship.

Whatdoestheword"conundrum"(Line4,Para.1)mostprobablymean?

A.Contradictory;withmanydisagreements.

B.Adifficultproblem.

C.Indistinctornotclearindefinition.

D.Notyethavingbeenascertainedordetermined.

17、

Whatisthemainideaofparagraph2?

A.Theinfluencesfromparentstochildren'scompetencecanbeeitherpositiveornegative.

B.Parents'beliefsandbehaviorsarestronglyrelatedtochildren'spsychologicalandbehavioraloutcomes.

C.Parentswhogivelesspressuringcanraisemorecompetitiveathletes.

D.Withtheencouragementfromparents,childrencanhaveinnermotivationsthemselves.

18、

Whatdoestheauthormeanwhenhetalkedaboutthe"dualrole"ofparent-coachinNorthAmerican?

A.Somecoachesarealsoparentsoftheyoungathletes.

B.Theparent-coachcangivetheathletesbothpositiveaspectsandpressure.

C.Thenegativeinfluenceofaparent-coachcanoutweighthepositiveones.

D.Aparent-coachmayhavedifferentinfluencesonindividualathletesandcollectiveones.

19、

Whataretheresearchersmostinterestedtoknowaboutintheircurrentstudy?

A.Tomakesureaboutthepositiveornegativeaspectsofhavingaparentasacoach.

B.Tointerviewyoungathletesface-to-faceinsteadofjustreviewthepreviousstudies.

C.Tofindoutsomenewperspectivestoaddresstheparent-coach/child-athleterelationship.

D.Toincludetheteammatesoftheyoungathletes,notjusttheirparents/coachesinthestudy.

20、

Whichoneofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Helpingyouthinunderstandingthemeaningofsports.

B.Theparent-coach/child-athleterelationshipinyouthsport.

C.Coaches'encouragementofathletes'imageryuse.

D.Therelationshipbetweenschooleducationandsportscoaching.

21、PartB(10points)

[A]Itisalsousedtohelpstudentsgaintransitionskills:Studentswithautismordevelopmentaldelay

canvisitavirtualsupermarket,takepublictransportation,crossthestreet,ororganizehis

orherday.Studentsinwheelchairscanlearnhowtonavigatebuildings.Andthebeautyis,thesestudentscanmakeanynumberofmistakeswithoutendangeringthemselves.

[B]Forexample,virtualrealityhasbe