乙肝两对半的解读

乙肝两对半的解读乙肝两对半定义TheDefinitinoOfSecongLiverTwoHalf-and-Half大三阳和小三阳Big3thisworldandsmall3thisworld乙肝传输路径Thetransmissionwayofsecondliver*对乙肝误解Misunderstandingofhepatitisb

乙肝两对半的解读2/13什么是乙肝两对半乙肝两对半是国内医院最惯用乙肝病毒(HBV)感染检测血清标志物。(Secondlivertwohalf-and-halfisthemostcommonlyusedindomestichospitalofhepatitisbvirus(HBV)infectiondetectionserummarker)①乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）②乙肝表面抗体（抗-HBs）③乙肝e抗原（HBeAg）④乙肝e抗体（抗-HBe）⑤乙肝关键抗体（抗-HBc）

测定两种抗原和三种抗体，也就是俗称“两对半”。Determinationoftwokindsofantigensandthreekindsofantibody,alsoknownasthe"twohalf-and-half".乙肝两对半的解读3/13大三阳和小三阳

Big3thisworldandsmall3thisworld“大三阳”是指“乙肝两对半”化验结果为表面抗原、e抗原和关键抗体检测均是阳性。普通说明病毒复制水平高、传染性强。"Big3thisworld"refersto"secondlivertwohalf-and-half"testresultsforthesurfaceantigen,eantigenandcoreantibodytestsarepositive.Generaldescriptionswithhigh-levelviralreplicationandinfectivity.“小三阳”是指“乙肝两对半”化验结果为表面抗原、E抗体和关键抗体检测均是阳性。普通说明病毒复制水平相对较低、传染弱。Whatissmall3thisworld"small3thisworld"refersto"secondlivertwohalf-and-half"testresultsforthesurfaceantigen,Eantibodyandcoreantibodytestsarepositive.Generaldescriptionsviralreplicationlevelisrelativelylowandweak.

可见大三阳和小三阳区分主要在病毒复制活跃程度上，但并不表示“大三阳”一定比“小三阳”病情严重，临床研究证实，有些小三阳患者更轻易转化为肝癌。在治疗上，假如是乙肝患者且HBVDNA含量高，大三阳和小三阳区分不大，都要以抗病毒治疗为主，辅助抗炎保肝，抗纤维化治疗。Visiblebig3thisworldandsmall3thisworlddifferenceismainlyintheviralreplicationactivity,butitdoesn'tmeanthe"big3thisworld"than"small3thisworld"thediseaseissevere,clinicalstudieshaveconfirmedthatsomesmall3thisworldaremorelikelytobeconvertedintolivercancerpatients.Intreatment,ifishepatitisbpatientsandhbvdnacontenthigh,thedifferencebetweenbig3thisworldandsmall3thisworldisnotbig,togiveprioritytowithantiviraltherapy,anti-inflammatory,protectingliver,auxiliaryantifibrosistreatment.乙肝两对半的解读4/13乙肝两对半的解读5/13乙肝两对半的解读6/13乙肝两对半的解读7/13乙肝传输路径

Thetransmissionwayofsecondliver血液传输（Bloodtransmission)：如输入被感染全血、血浆、血清或其它血制品，或其它血源性注射传输。Suchasinputofwholeblood,plasma,seruminfectedorotherbloodproducts,orotherblood-bornespreadofinjection性传输(Sexuallytransmission)

：性滥交、同性恋和异性恋之间亲密性行为是主要乙肝病毒传输路径，这种传输亦包含家庭夫妻间传输，夫妻之间无防御办法性行为传输率大约在14%左右，详细引人而异。因乙肝病人唾液中能够查到乙肝病毒，在接吻时有可能会因为皮肤粘膜破损造成传染。所以在口腔有破损（如溃疡，咬伤，牙龈出血等）情况下应防止与乙肝病毒携带者亲吻。Casualsexandintimacybetweenhomosexualandheterosexualsexisanimportantrouteoftransmission,hepatitisbvirusspreadthisalsoincludesthespreadoffamilyhusbandandwife,betweenhusbandandwife,withoutdefensemeasuresthesexuallytransmittedrateatabout14%,aboutthespecificvaries.Becauseofhepatitisbpatientssalivacangethepatitisbvirus,duringakissmaybecausedbydamagedskinandmucosainfected.Thusinthemouthisbroken(suchasulcers,bite,bleedinggums,etc.)ofthecasesshouldbeavoidedandkissthepersonthatsecondlivervirusiscarried.乙肝两对半的解读8/13母婴传输(Mother-to-childtransmission)：母婴传输约占50％以上，其中宫内感染约占4.54%，其余为分娩时感染；分娩时母亲血液、阴道分泌物经过胎儿破损皮肤、粘膜而传染；胎盘剥离时微量血液漏至胎循环中；产前或产程中胎儿吸入母亲血液、羊水、阴道分泌物而感染；Mother-to-childtransmission(PMTCT)accountedforabout50%oftheabove,theintrauterineinfectionaccountedforabout4.54%,therestforchildbirthinfections;Birthmother'sblood,vaginalsecretionsinfectionbythebreakageofthefetalskin,mucousmembrane;Theplacentastrippingwhentracebloodleakageintothefetalcirculation;Antenatalfetalinhalationinthemother'sblood,amnioticfluid,orthestages,vaginalsecretionsandinfection;乙肝两对半的解读9/13乙肝两对半的解读10/13为何乙肝歧视问题如此“根固”？

Whyso"deep"hepatitisbdiscrimination?1、乙肝患者人数过于庞大，造成人们对乙肝产生恐慌消极心理。Secondliverpatientnumberistoolarge,resultinginpeople'snegativepsychologicalpaniconhepatitisb.2、社会对于乙肝传输知识不正确宣传，对人们造成误导。Societytospreadknowledgeofhepatitisbisnotcorrectpropaganda,tomisleadpeople.3、乙肝宣传教育力度不够，使乙肝“妖魔化”。Hepatitisbeducationisnotstrongenough,makethehepatitisb"demonised"4、乙肝患者产生自卑心理，不敢正视自己疾病。Secondliverpatienthavelowself-esteem,darenotfaceuptohisillness.乙肝两对半的解读11/13乙肝不经过消化道和呼吸道传输，所以日常接触如握手、拥抱、一起工作、吃饭等普通不会被乙肝病毒传输。但若和乙肝患者共餐朋友有口腔溃疡等，与乙肝患者有血液暴露接触，是有可能会传输乙肝病毒。

Hepatitisbisnotspreadthroughthedigestivetractandrespiratorytract,socontactsuchasshakehands,hug,dailywork,suchaseatinggenerallywillnotbespreadhep