淄博市2023高考英语阅读类系列系列（29）及答案

第页淄博市2023高考英语阅读类系列系列〔29〕及答案本系列训练一共32份，选自历年的联考、质检、期末考试题，很多训练题有详细的解析。完形填空B3[2023·上海卷]Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.PeopleonacollegecampusweremorelikelytogivemoneytotheMarchofDimesiftheywereaskedforadonationbyadisabledwomaninawheelchairthanifaskedbyanondisabledwoman.Inanother__50__，subwayridersinNewYorksawamancarryingastickstumble(绊脚)andfalltothefloor.Sometimesthevictimhadalargeredbirthmarkonhis__51__;sometimeshedidnot.Inthissituation,thevictimwasmorelikelyto__52__aidifhisfacewasspotlessthanifhehadanunattractivebirthmark.In__53__theseandotherresearchfindings，twothemesare__54__:wearemorewillingtohelppeoplewelikeforsomereasonandpeoplewethink__55__assistance.Insomesituations,thosewhoarephysicallyattractivearemorelikelytoreceiveaid.__56__,inafieldstudyresearchersplacedacompletedapplicationtograduateschoolinatelephoneboxattheairport.Theapplicationwasreadytobe__57__，buthadapparentlybeen“lost〞.Thephotoattachedtotheapplicationwassometimesthatofavery__58__personandsometimesthatofalessattractiveperson.Themeasureofhelpingwaswhethertheindividualwhofoundtheenvelopeactuallymaileditornot.Resultsshowedthatpeopleweremorelikelyto__59__theapplicationifthepersoninthephotowasphysicallyattractive.Thedegreeof__60__betweenthepotentialhelperandthepersoninneedisalsoimportant.Forexample,peoplearemorelikelytohelpastrangerwhoisfromthesamecountryratherthanaforeigner.Inonestudy,shoppersonabusystreetinScotlandweremorelikelytohelpapersonwearinga(n)__61__T­shirtthanapersonwearingaT­shirtprintedwithoffensivewords.Whetherapersonreceiveshelpdependsinpartonthe“worth〞ofthecase.Forexample,shoppersinasupermarketweremorelikelytogivesomeone__62__tobuymilkratherthantobuycookies,probablybecausemilkisthoughtmoreessentialfor__63__thancookies.PassengersonaNewYorksubwayweremorelikelytohelpamanwhofelltothegroundifheappearedtobe__64__ratherthan50.A.studyB.wayC.wordD.college51.A.handB.armC.faceD.back52.A.refuseB.begC.loseD.receive53.A.challengingB.recordingC.understandingD.publishing54.A.importantB.possibleC.amusingD.missing55.A.seekB.deserveC.obtainD.accept56.A.AtfirstB.AboveallC.InadditionD.Forexample57.A.printedB.mailedC.rewrittenD.signed58.A.talentedB.good­lookingC.helpfulD.hard­working59.A.sendinB.throwawayC.filloutD.turndown60.A.similarityB.friendshipC.cooperationD.contact61.A.expensiveB.plainC.cheapD.strange62.A.timeB.instructionsC.moneyD.chances63.A.shoppersB.researchC.childrenD.health64.A.talkativeB.handsomeC.calmD.sick【要点综述】在什么情况下人们更容易得到帮助？研究说明：我们更愿意帮助我们喜欢的人和我们认为值得帮助的人；外表有吸引力比不太有吸引力的人更容易得到帮助；生病跌倒比喝醉跌倒更容易得到帮助等。50.A考查名词。根据下文theseandotherresearchfindings和inafieldstudy提示，在另一份研究中，所以选A。51.C考查名词。根据下文ifhisfacewasspotless提示。受害者脸上有一个巨大的红色胎记。52.D考查动词。根据下文aremorelikelytoreceiveaid提示选receive。脸上无污点的受害者比有不好看的胎记的受害者更有可能获得援助。53.C考查动词。在了解这些和其他研究结果过程中。54.A考查形容词。发现两个重要的主题。55.B考查动词。deserve意为“值得〞。因为某种原因我们更愿意帮助我们喜欢的人和我们认为值得帮助的人。56.D考查介词短语。下文举例说明观点：Insomesituations,thosewhoarephysicallyattractivearemorelikelytoreceiveaid，所以选D。57.B考查动词。根据下文actuallymaileditornot提示选mailed。意思是申请被邮寄。58.B考查形容词。附在申请上的照片有时是个相貌好看的人的，有时是一个不太有吸引力的人的。59.A考查动词短语。结果说明，如果照片上的人外表上有吸引力，人们更可能递送这个申请。sendin意为“递送〞。60.A考查名词。在潜在的提供帮助的人和有需要的人之间的相似程度也很重要。61.B考查形容词。T恤上印有攻击性的话和朴素的T恤相比照。plain意为“简朴的；朴素的〞。62.C考查名词。根据常识应该给钱买牛奶。63.D考查名词。对健康来说，牛奶被认为比饼干更重要。64.D考查形容词。生病跌倒的似乎比喝醉跌倒的更容易得到帮助。*******************************************************结束〔201***·全国II〕短文改错〔共10小题；每题1.5分，总分值15分〕此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断：如无错误，在答题卡该行右边横线上画一个勾〔J〕；如有错误〔每行只有一个错误〕，那么按以下情况改正：此行多一个词：在答题卡短文上把多余的词用斜线〔＼〕划掉，在答题卡该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。此行缺一个词：在答题卡短文的缺词处加一个漏字符号〔八〕，并在答题卡该行右边横线上写出该加的词。此行错一个词：在答题卡短文错的词下划一横线，并在答题卡该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。注意：原行没有错的不要改。DearGeorge,It'sbeenaweekafterweleftyourfamilyandwearenow76._______backhome.Thankyouverymuchforshowingthemaround77.______yourcityandprovidingusforthewonderfulmeals.After78._______wesaidgoodbyetoyou,wewenttoWashingtonwherewestayedforthreedays.Mybrotherwassomuchfond80._______ofthemuseumstherethathebeggedmyparentstostaying81．________anothercoupleofday.However,myfatherhadtoreturnto82.________workonMondaysoweflybacklastSaturdayafternoon.It83．________wasreallyaniceexperience.Ifyou'dliketomaketripto84._______ourcitysomeday,Iwillbebetterthanhappytobeyourguide.85._______Yours,Mike【参考答案】76.aftersince77.themus78.forwith79.正确80.去掉much81.stayingstay82.daydays83.flyflew84.trip前a85.bettermore**************************************************************结束AsaprofessoratalargeAmericanuniversity，Ioftenhearaphrasefromstudents：“I’monlya1050.〞TheunluckystudentsarespeakingofthescoreontheScholasticAptitudeTest(SAT)，whichisusedtodeterminewhethertheywillbeadmittedtothecollegeoruniversityoftheirchoice，orevenhaveachancetogetahighereducationatall.TheSATscore，whetheritis800,1100or1550，hasbecomethefocusatthistimeoftheirlife.Itisobviousthatifstudentsvaluehighlytheirtestscores，thenagreatamountoftheirself­respectisputinthenumber.Studentswhoperformpoorlyontheexamareleftfeelingthatitisallover.Thelowtestscore，theythink，willmakeitimpossibleforthemtogetintoagoodcollege.Andwithoutadegreefroma_prestigious_university，theyfearthatmanyoflife’sdoorswillremainforeverclosed.Accordingtoastudydoneinthe1990s，theSATisonlyareliableindicatorofastudent’sfutureperformanceinmostcases.Interestingly，itbecomesmuchmoreaccuratewhenitissettogetherwithotherindicators—likeastudent’shighschoolgrades.EvenifstandardizedtestsliketheSATcouldshowastudent’sacademicproficiency(学业水平)，theywillneverbeabletotestthingslikeconfidence，effortsandwillpower，andareunabletogiveusthefullpictureofastudent’spotentialities(潜力).ThisisnottosuggestthatweshouldstopusingSATscoresinourcollegeadmissionprocess.TheSATisanexcellenttestinmanyways，andthescoreisstillausefulmeansoftestingstudents.However，itshouldbeonlyoneofmanymethodsused.1.ThepurposeoftheSATistoteststudents’________.A.strongwillB.academicabilityC.fullpotentialitiesD.confidenceinschoolwork2.Students’self­respectisinfluencedbytheir________.A.scoresintheSATB.achievementsinmathematicsC.jobopportunitiesD.moneyspentoneducation3.Theunderlinedphrase“aprestigiousuniversity〞probablymeans“________〞.A.afamousuniversityB.atechnicaluniversityC.atraditionaluniversityD.anexpensiveuniversity4.Thispassageismainlyabout________.A.howtopreparefortheSATB.stresscausedbytheSATC.AmericanhighereducationD.theSATanditseffects1.However，manyoftheyoungreadersaregettinginterestedinsuchpoisonousreading，whichcoststhemwhattheyshouldpayfortheirbreakfastandbringsthemnightmaresandimmoralideasinreturn.(完形填空第二段倒数第二句)然而，许多年轻的读者对这些有害刊物非常感兴趣，而这些刊物花掉了他们本该去买早饭的钱，反而给他们带来了噩梦和邪恶的想法。(1)Iboughthimadrinkinreturnforhishelp.我请他喝酒以酬谢他的帮助。(2)Onhisreturnhereportedhisfindingstothecommittee.他一回来就向委员会报告结果。(3)Haveyoureturnedthenoveltothelibrary?那本小说你还给图书馆了吗？(4)Wedecidedtoreturnblowforblow.我们决定以牙还牙。2.TheunluckystudentsarespeakingofthescoreontheScholasticAptitudeTest(SAT)，whichisusedtodeterminewhethertheywillbeadmittedtothecollegeoruniversityoftheirchoice，orevenhaveachancetogetahighereducationatall.(阅读理解第一段第二句)这些不幸的学生正谈论他们SAT测试的分数，而这分数决定了他们是否能进入他们选择的高校，或有时机接受更高层次的教育。(1)Eachticketadmitstwopersonstotheparty.每张票可供两人入场参加聚会。(2)Hewasadmittedtohospitalwithminorburns.他因轻度烧伤而入院。(3)Theschooladmitssixtynewboysandgirlseveryyear.这所学校每年招收六十名男女新生。(4)Headmittedhavingstolenthecar.他招认偷了那辆汽车。3.Itisobviousthatifstudentsvaluehighlytheirtestscores，thenagreatamountoftheirself­respectisputinthenumber.(阅读理解第二段第一句)很明显，如果学生重视他们的考试成绩，他们就对这些分数投入了大量的自尊。(1)Putinmorewater，willyou?再加些水，好吗？(2)Heputinaclaimfor￡500damages.他提出一项五百英镑的赔偿要求。(3)Ifyou’rewritingtoyourmother，don’tforgettoputinsomethingabouthercomingtostay.你要是正给你的母亲写信的话，可别忘了再加上几句请她来住几天。(4)CouldIputinawordatthispoint?在这点上我可以说句话吗？答案1.B2.A3.A4.D**********************************************************结束〔201*·重庆卷〕Skepticsareastangelot.Someofthemrefusetoadmittheseriousthreatofhumanactivitiestotheenviroment,andtheyaretiredofpeoplewhodisagreewiththem.Thosepeople,sayskeptics,spreadnothingbutbadnewsabouttheenvironment.The“eco-guilt〞broughtonbythediscouragingnewsaboutourplanetgivesrisetothepopularityofskepticsaspeoplesearchformorecomfortingworldviews.PerhapsthatexplainwhyanewbookbyBjornLomborgreceivedsomuchpublicity.Thatbook,TheSkepticalEnvironmentalist,declaresthatitmeasuresthe“realstateoftheworld〞asfine.Ofcourse,anotherexplanationisthedeeppocketssomebigbusinesseswithspecialintererts.Indeed,Mr.Lomborg’sviewsaresimilartothoseofsomeIndustry-fundedorganizations,whichstarthugeactivitiesthoughthemediatoconfusethepublicaboutissueslikeglobalwarming.SoitwasstrangetoseeMr.Lomborg’sbookgolargelyunchallengedinthemediathoughhisbeliefswerecontrarytomostscientificopinions.OnenationalnewspaperinCanadarananumberofarticlesandreviewsfullofwordsofpraise,evenwiththeconclusionthat“AfterLomborg,theenvironmentalmovementwillbegintodiedown.〞Suchone-sidedviewsshouldhaveimmediatelybeenchallenged.ButonlyadifferentreviewappearedinNature,arespectedsciencemagazinewithspecificreadership.ThereviewremarkedthatMr.Lomborg’s“preferenceforunexaminedmaterialsisincredible(不可信的)〞。Acritical(批判的)eyeisvaluable,andthemediashouldpresentinformationinsuchawaythatcouldallowpeopletomakeinformeddecisions.Unfortunately,thatisofteninaccessibleasblockedbythedesiretobeshockingortodefendsomespecialinterests.Peoplemightbecomehalf-blindbeforeaworldpartiallyexhibitedbythemedia.That’sashame,becausemattersconcerningthehealthoftheplanetarefartooimportantto