高级英语(上)英语专业(本科段)-全国高等教育自学考试指定教材王家湘课后题及答案

高级英语（上）英语专业（本科段）-全国高等教育自学考试指定教材王家湘课后题及答案LessononeRockSuperstars:WhatDoTheyTellUsAboutOurselvesandOurSociety?ExercisesA.Answerthefollowingquestionsonthetext:whatisthefunctionofthetwoquotations?Aretheyappropriate?Whatdoestheauthorattempttoillustratewiththethreeexamplesatthebeginningofthearticle?AccordingtoIrvingHorowitz,whatisthesociologicalsignificanceofrockmusic?InwhatsensedidElvisPresleyprovewhatHorowitzandRundgrenbelieved?HowdidBobDylan,theBeatles,andtheRollingStonesdifferfromeachotherpolitically?Whatothermajorsubjectsdidrockmusicdealwithapartfrompolitics?Whatrewardsdidrocksuperstarsget?Hastheauthorgivenacompleteanswertoquestionheraisesinthetitle?Whydoyouthinktheauthorendsthearticlethewayhedoes?KeyATheauthorusesthetwoquotationstointroducehisideas.Yes,theyare.Theauthorusesthethreeexamplestoshowthattheyoungpeopleworshiptherocksuperstarsverymuch,buttheadultsfindtheyaresick,Theexamplesshowthatyoungpeopleandadultshaveatotallydifferentattitudestowardsrockmusic.Rockmusiccanexpressitstimes.HeseesitasadebatingforumwhereAmericansocietystrugglestodefineandredefineitsfeelingandbeliefs.WhenheappearedontheEd.SullivanSundaynightvarietyshow,adebatetookplace.Theoldpeoplefrownedwhiletheyoungviewersapplauded.BobDylantouchedanerveofdisaffection.TheBeatlesurgedpeaceandpiety.TheRollingStonesdemandedrevolution.Apartfrompolitics,therockmusicdealtwithfeelingsandemotions.Therocksuperstarsgotapplause,praiseandmoney.No,hehasn‘t.Hewantstoleavethequestiontothereadersandletthemthink.BTranslatethefollowingintoChinese:—Jagger,llhesaid,—grabsahalf-gallonjugofwaterandrunsalongthefrontplatform,sprinklingitscontentsoverthefirstfewrowsofswelteringlisteners.Howdoyoufeelaboutallthisadulationandheroworship?Orareyoudrawnsomehowtothisstrangeclown,perhapsbecauseheactsoutyourwildestfantasies?Somesociologistssaythatyouranswerstothemcouldexplainalotaboutwhatyouarethinkingandaboutwhatyoursocietyisthinking-inotherwords,whereyouandyoursocietyare.It‘sjustthatElvismanagedtoembodythefrustratedteenagespiritofthe1950s.Feelingsalwaysapartofanymusicalstatementwereamajorsubject.Thiscountryelement,Horowitzfeels,helpeditsaudienceexpressanurgeto—getawayfromitall,一to—gobacktotheolddays.11Inone1972nationalopinionpoll,morethan10percentofthehighschoolboysand20percentofthegirlssaidtheirherowasarocksuperstar.KeyB1他描述道：ll贾格尔拿着半加仑水，顺着舞台前沿，边跑边把水洒向前排汗流浃背的歌迷身上.11你如何看待这种赞美和英雄崇拜?还是由于他把你狂热的幻想用行动表现出来,你神不知鬼不觉地被这个不可思议的小丑所吸引?一些社会学家认为你对这些问题的回答,很能说明你在想什么,社会在想什么..换句话说,可以说明你和社会的态度.只不过艾尔维斯的演唱表现了50年代青少年那种沮丧的精神状态.感情总是任何音乐表达的必要成分,也是一个重要议题.霍罗威茨认为这种结合表达了听众欲II摆脱现实一切H/H重归昔日口的强烈愿望.在1972年的一次全国民意测验中,10%以上的高中男生,20%的女生表示他们心目中的英雄是超摇滚歌星.Fillintheblankineachsentencewiththebestwordorexpressionfromtheboxbelow,changingitsformwhennecessary:SprinkleswelterinotherwordslazyratherthanrejectactoutidleworshipreverencedriveembodyHispaintingsembodythespiritofthemodernera.Howdoyouactoutyourfrustrations,bythrowingglassesorsomething?Thepeddlersprinkledsomewateroverhisvegetablestomakethemfresherandheavier.Insuchheatedair,theswelteringstudentscouldhardlykeeptheirmindsontheirlessons.That‘sidlegossip.Don‘tlistentoit.Shesentinherapplicationforthejob,butwasrejectedasunqualified.15.Thesalesmanconsidereditsafetogoalongwiththebossratherthantocontradicthim.8.Everybodyshouldhaveasincerereverence/worshipforthelawsofhiscountry.Choosetherightwordorexpressioninthebracketstocompleteeachofthefollowingsentences:1.Thewholenationwatchedthetwocandidates(arguing,debating)theissueofraisingtaxesonTV.2.Itwasa(proud,arrogant)momentformycousinwhensheshookhandswiththePresident.3.Evenifyou(mix,blend)oilandwater,theywillnot(mix,blend).4.Somepeoplewatchtelevisionsomuchthattheycannot(conceive,imagine)oflivingwithoutit.5.Asitwasaninformaldinner,mostpeople(wore,weredressed)intheircomfortableclothes.6.Doyouthinkthoseyoungpeopleare(idealistic,ideal)orpragmatic?7.Filledwithgreat(adulation,admiration)fortheirintegrityandcourage,hewasdeterminedtobeamanlikethem.8.Deepatnight,theycouldstillheargun-fire(rambling,rumbling)inthedistance.E.ExplaintheunderlinedwordsinEnglish:—Theythinkheissick,sick,sick,—Mikesaid.Newspapereditorializedagainsthim.Hepokeofchangeandofthebewildermentofanoldergeneration.TheBeatles…urgedpeaceandpiety…Hismostnotablesongs…'whilethelyricscelebratethesimplejoy……theserockmusiciansmirrorfeelingsandbenefits….Horowitzseestherockmusicarenaas…aplacewhereideasclashandcrash.8.Whatdoeshe---oranyothercurrentrocksuccess---tellusabouthisfans?KeyEdisgustingEditors?articlesattackedandcriticizedhimtheconfusionsoftheoldpeoplehadastrongdesireforpeaceandpietyThewordsofthesongpraisethenaturalhappinessoftheolddays.reflectemotionsandoutlooksaplacewhereideascomeintooppositionandcontradicttoeachotherothersuccessfulrockstarsatpresentF.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish:摇滚乐于20世纪50年代末举起于美国.它不仅是一种新型的音乐形式,更是美国的青年人表达他们对世界和人生看法的论坛.在这个论坛上,歌星们唱出了青年人对民权/战争与和平的态度,唱出了他们对社会的不满,也唱出了爱与恨之间的各种情感.总之,在这个论坛上,青年人把他们对美国社会的信仰及情感给以全新的解释.早期的摇滚乐的主要代表人物有艾尔维斯.普雷斯利,歌星加诗人鲍勃.狄伦/甲壳虫乐队以及滚石乐队等等.他们都是青年人崇拜的文化英雄.KeyFRockmusicbeganinAmericainthelate1950‘s.Itwasnotonlyanewmusicalform,butaforumfortheAmericanyouthtoexpresstheirideasoftheworldandlife.Inthisforum,thestarssangouttheattitudesoftheyouthtowardscivilrights,warandpeace,thedisaffectionoftheirsociety,andarangeofemotionsbetweenloveandhate.Allinall,inthisforum,theAmericanyouthredefinedthebeliefsandfeelingsoftheirsociety.ThetypicalrepresentativesoftheearlyrockmusicwereElvisPresley,singerandpoetBobDylan,theBealtles,therollingStonesandsoon.Theywerethecultureheroeswhomtheyoungpeopleworshipped.G.Writeashortpassageof150—200wordsinEnglishonthetopic—DoyouAgreethatRockIstheMusicofTeenageRebellion?:||Youshouldcoverthefollowingpoints:Ageneralstatementofyourposition;Twoorthreeargumentswithasupportingexampleforeach.KeyGDoYouAgreethatRockIstheMusicofTeenageRebellionRockmusicbeganinAmericainthelate1950‘s.Itwasnotonlyanewmusicalform,butaforumfortheAmericanyouthtoexpresstheirideasoftheworldandlife.Musicexpresseditstimes.Rockmusicwasasociologicalexpressionratherthanamusicalforce.Itembodiedthefrustratedteenagespiritofthe1950s.Atthattimeyoungpeoplemightbedissatisfiedwiththesocietyortheyhadsomehatredtowardtheadultworld,buttheycouldnotprotestitopenly.Sotheywouldusemusicasanoutlet.Thentheycouldgetsomebalanceintheirminds.Anotheraspectisthattheyoungpeoplecouldmaketheirideasandbeliefsknowntotheworldthroughmusic.Bymusic,theycouldshowtheirfellinganddreams.Soallinall,youngpeoplecombinedinventionandexaggeration,reasonandmotion,wordandsound,musicandpoliticsasawhole.LessonTwoFourChoicesforYoungPeopleA.Answerthefollowingquestionsonthetext:HowdoAmericanyoungpeoplelookattheadultworldingeneral?Whatdoes—dropout—mean?WhydoestheauthorsaythatthedropoutsleadaparasiticwayoflifeInWhatwayarethosewhofleedifferentfromthedropouts?Whyisthissolutionnolongerpracticalonalargescale?Whatkindofyoungpeopletendtofollowthestrategyofarmedrevolution?Whydoestheauthorsaythatthemostunfortunatearethosewhoserevolutionshavesucceeded?Whataresomeofthenewproblemsfacedbytheyoungpeople?Whatisthefourthalternative?Whydoestheauthorfavorthisalternative?KeyATheyviewtheadultworldwithgreatskeptism.Theythinktheirworldisinprettymuchofamess,fullofinjustice,povertyandwar.—Dropout—meansitspractionersescapethetraditionalwayoflife,refusetotakeanyresponsibilityandliveaparasiticlife.Becauseitspractionersbattenonthesocietywhichtheyscornandinwhichtheyrefusetotakeanyresponsibility.Thosewhofleearenotparasites.Theyarewillingtosupportthemselvesandtocontributesomethingtothegeneralcommunity.Becauseourplanetisrunningoutofnoblesavagesandunsulliedlandscapes,exceptforthepolarregions,thefrontiersaregone.Theyoungpeoplewhohavenopatiencewiththetediousworkingsofthedemocraticprocessorwhobelievethatbasicinstitutionscanonlybechangedbyforcetendtofollowthisstrategy.Becausetheyliveinbitterdisillusionmenttoseetheestablishmenttheyhaveoverthrownreplacedbyanewone,justashard-facedandstuffy.Theunprecedentproblemsofanaffluentsociety,ofracialjustice,ofkeepingourcitiesfrombecominguninhabitable,ofcopingwithwarinunfamiliarguises,andofpopulationexplosion.Thefourthalternativeistotrytochangetheworldgradually.Becauseitoffersabetterchanceforremedyingsomeoftheworld?soutragesthananyotheravailablestrategy..B.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese:Apparentlyhespeaksforalotofhiscontemporaries.Duringthelastfewyears,Ihavelistenedtoscoresofyoungpeople,incollegeandout,whowerejustasnervousaboutthegrown-upworld.Theyarewillingtosupportthemselvesandtocontributesomethingtothegeneralcommunity,buttheysimplydon‘tliketheenvironmentofcivilization;thatis,thecity,withallitsuglinessandtension.Afewgentlemanfarmerswithplentyofmoneycanstillescapetothebucoliclife.Tothemitoffersaromanticappeal,usuallysymbolizedbysomedashingandcharismaticfigure.Foratbesttheirvictoryneverdawnsontheshiningnewworldtheyhaddreamedof,cleansedofallhumanmeanness.Therevolutionarystate,underwhateverpoliticallabel,hastoberun-notbyviolentromantics-butbyexpertsinmarketing,sanitaryengineering,andthemanagementofbureaucracies.Aboutallthatcanbesaidforitisthatitsometimesworks一thatinthisparticulartimeandplaceitoffersabetterchanceforremedyingsomeoftheworld?soutragesthananyotheravailablestrategy.KeyB很显然他所说的代表了许多同龄人的想法.在过去的几年中,我听到过许多大学内外的年轻人的谈话,对于成人世界,他们也有同感.他们愿意自食其力,并对社会大众做些贡献.他们不喜欢文明的环境,也就是说,不喜欢那种丑恶/紧张的城市生活.一些极富有的乡绅可以回到农村的田园生活.对他们来说,这有一种浪漫/传奇的色彩,通常是以某个有闯劲/魅力超凡的人物为代表的.即使革命成功,胜利的曙光也不会照在光灿灿的/梦想的/消除了人类一切自私的新世界上.革命的机器,无论贴上什么样的政治标签,还得由市场销售/卫生工程/官僚机构的行家们来操作,而不是由那些极端的浪漫主义者们去操作.这种方法的惟一优点是,它有时真的有效,--在一个特定的时间和地点,与其它可选的方法相比,它可以更好地改善世界上的倒行逆施行为.C.Fillintheblankineachsentencewiththebestwordorexpressionfromtheboxbelow,changingitsformwhennecessary:StrikerunoutofcleansedisappointinsolubleunprecedentsatisfyvirtualcontributeavailablesymbolizevehementFormanyAmericans,itistheirlifelongdreamtobuyasatisfying/satisfactorytwo-storiedhousewithagarden.TomakeBeijingourworthycapital,wemustgetitcleansedofpollutedair,amongotherthings.3.Inalotofcultures,redrosesareusedtosymbolizelove.Unfortunately,theircarranoutoffuel,justtenmilesshortofChicago.Anunprecedentedeventinhistorytookplacein1969,whentwoAmericanastronautslandedforthefirsttimeontheMoon.Thedetectivefinallygaveup,declaringthemysteryinsoluble.Thoughhigh-sounding,hisspeechstruckeveryoneatthemeetingastotallyirrelevanttowhatwasdiscussed.Ifyoutravelbyplane,BeijingandGuangzhouarevirtuallyneighboringcities.D.Choosetherightwordorexpressioninthebracketstocompleteeachofthefollowingsentences:1.Theprofessorlookedoverourpaperswithahasty(sight,glance).2.Beforeorderingtheirdinner,theyconsideredthe(relevant,relative)meritsofchickenandroastbeef.Thelittleboy‘sconstantnoise(exhilarated,exasperated)hisfather,whowasbusywritingapaperforasymposium.Isn‘tit(wholesome,noisome)toliveinacitywithsomanyvehiclespassingdayandnightHewasborninasmalltown(lived,inhabited)byabout500people.6.Herdeskwasall(jumbled,cluttered)witholdpapers,strings,andotheroddsandends.7.Hethinkstheyareextremely(idealistic,ideal),foralltheirpragmatism.8.Shemadeonelast(attraction,appeal)toherfatherforpermissiontogototheparty.E.ExplaintheunderlinedwordsinEnglish:.whowerejustasnervousaboutthegrown-upworld.Unlikethedropouts,theyarenotparasites.Thisstrategyalsohasancientantecedents.…thatis,thecity,withallitsuglinessandtension.Foratbesttheirvictoryneverdawnsontheshiningnewworldtheyhaddreamedof….6.Atfirstglance,thiscourseisfarfrominviting.,^itoffersabetterchanceforremedyingsomeoftheworld?soutragesthananyotheravailablestrategy.…anotheroneloomsjustahead.KeyE1.Theyaredoubtfulandcriticalaboutthewaytheoldergenerationisrunningtheworld.2.Theydon‘tbattenonthesociety.Theysupportthemselves.3.Thisstrategyisnotnew.Wehadsimilaronesintheoldtimes.4.Thecityisuglyandfullofpressures.Theirsuccessdoesn‘tbringaboutanewworld.Thisstrategyisnotattractive.Comparedwithotherstrategies,itcanchangetheworldforthebetter.Itcanstopsomeoftheworld?sviolenceorcrulty.Anotherproblemappearsbeforethem.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish:60年代的美国青年是反叛的一代.他们看到美国这个富裕社会充满了贫困/不平等和虚伪.他们不再相信这个不属于他们的成人社会,拒绝信奉它的信仰和价值观.很多青年人积极投入到反对贫困/反对种族歧视和反对越南战争的斗争中去,有些青年人甚至试图以武装革命的方式推翻这个社会.还有很多青年人以消极的方式表示他们的不满.他们吸毒,过着不承担任何社会责任的寄生生活,或者跑到未开垦的乡村去,过着原始公社式的生活.KeyFTheAmericanyoungpeoplein1960‘swereagenerationofrebellion.TheyfoundthattheaffluentAmericansocietywasfilledwithpoverty,injusticeandgypocrisy.Theydidn‘ttrusttheadultworldthatdidn‘tbelongtothemandrefusedtotaketheirbeliefsandvalues.Manyyoungpeopletookactivepartinthestrugglewhichprotestedagainstpoverty,racialdiscriminationandVietnamWar.Someyoungpeopleeventriedtooverthrowthisworldbyarmedrevolution.Manyotheryoungtookpassivewaystoshowtheirdisaffections.Theytookdrugs,refusedtotakeanyresponsibilitiesandlivedaparasiticwayoflife.Ortheyescapedtothefrontiersandlivedaprimitivewayoflife.Writeashortpassageof150-200wordsinEnglishonthetopic—MyCommentontheFourthChoice.IlYoushouldcoverthefollowingpoints:!.whatthefourthchoiceis;.Whatyouagreeonwiththeauthorandreasonsforyouragreement;.Whatyoudisagreeonwiththeauthor,ifany,andyourexplanation.MyCommentontheFourthChoiceThefourthcommentistochangetheworldgradually,oneclodatatime.Maybeatthefirstglanceitisnotinviting.Itlacksglamour.Ithasnoquickresult.Itdemandspatience.Itdependsontheexasperatinganduncertaininstrumentsofpersuasionanddemocraticdecisionmaking.Ithinktheauthorisright.ReformingtheworldisalittlelikefightingamilitarycampaignintheApennines,assoonasyoucaptureonemountainrange,anotheroneloomsjustahead.Theproblemsarethesame,too.Oncesomeproblemsarebroughtundersomekindofroughcontrol,newproblemstakeplace.Sowecan‘tsolvealltheproblemsatatime.Wehavetodealwithoneproblemeachtimeandchangetheworldgraduallyandsteadily.Soproblemscanbehandledinthesamewaythathardproblemshavebeencopedwithbefore一piecemeal,pragmatically,bythedoggedeffortsofmanypeople.soIthinkinthisparticulartimeandplacethefourthchoiceoffersabetterchanceforremedyingsomeoftheworld?soutragesthananyotheravailablestarategy.LessonThreeTheUseofForceByWilliamCarlosWilliamsAnswerthefollowingquestionsonthetext:whywasn‘tthesickchildinbed?whywerethegirl‘sparentseyeingthedoctorupanddowndistrustfully?Whatmadethegirlrefusetoopenhermouthtothedoctor?Whydidthedoctorinsistonexaminingherthroat?Whywasthedoctornotabletoseeherthroatsincehealreadyhadthewoodentonguedepressorintohermouth?Howdidthedoctorfinallygetseethegirl‘sthroat?Didthegirl‘sphysicalbeautyhaveanythingtodowiththeoutcomeoftheincident?Explain.Canyoufindanyfaultwiththedoctor‘sbehavior?KeyA,Becauseitwasdampthere.Becausetheywerethenewpatientstohimandtheywerenervous.Shedidn‘twantotherstoknowthathertonsilswerecoveredwithmembrane.Becausethedoctortookatrialshotthatthegirlmighthavediphtheria.Becauseshegrippedthewoodenbladebetweenhermolarsanddidn‘topenhermouthtoletthedoctorhavealook.Thedoctoroverpoweredthechild‘sneckandjaws,forcedtheheavysilverspoonbackofherteethanddownherthroattillshegagged.Yes,itdid.Becauseshewasverybeautifulanddidn‘twantotherstoknowhershortcomings.Shethoughttonsilscoveredwithmembranewereugly.Yes.Thedoctorgraspedthechild‘sheadandtriedtogetthewoodentonguedepressorbetweenherteeth.Hehadgrownfuriousatthechild.Hecouldhavetornthechildapartandenjoyedit.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese:WhenIarrivedIwasmetbythemother,abigstartledlookingwoman,verycleanandapologeticwhomerelysaid,Isthisthedoctor?Andletmein.Hetriedtogetup,butImotionedforhimnottobother,tookoffmyovercoatandstartedtolookthingsover.Asoften,insuchcases,theyweren‘ttellingmemorethantheyhadto,itwasuptometotellthem.Ismiledinmybestprofessionalmannerandaskingforthechild‘sfirstnameIsaid,comeon,Mathilda,…AtthatIgroundmyteethindisgust.Ifonlytheywouldn‘tusetheword—hurt—Imightbeabletogetsomewhere.Intheensuingstruggletheygrewmoreandmoreabject,crushed,exhaustedwhileshesurelyrosetomagnificentheightsofinsanefuryofeffortbredofherterrorofme.…sheopenedupforaninstantbutbeforeIcouldseeanythingshecamedownagainandgrippedthewoodenbladebetweenhermolarsshereducedittosplintersbeforeIcouldgetitoutagain.Thedamnedlittlebratmustbeprotectedagainstherownidiocy,onesaystoone‘sselfatsuchtimes.KeyB我到她家时先遇到她的母亲,她一副惊讶/害怕的表情.她穿着很干净,只是礼貌地说,您是医生吗?就让我进去了.他试图站起来,我示意他不要麻烦,脱去外套,开始检查.像往常一样,在这种情况下,他们不会告诉我更多的情况,而是理应由我来告诉他们.我尽量露出我的职业微笑,询问小女孩的名字.我说,过来,玛蒂尔…此时我已厌恶地咬牙切齿,要不是他们使用口伤害口这个词,我可能早就采取行动了.在接下来的斗争中,他们变得越来越可怜,被制服,甚至精疲力竭,而小女孩由于害怕我而产生的狂怒却达到了顶点.她的嘴张开了一下,我还没有来的及看清楚,她又闭上了嘴.,紧紧地用臼齿咬住木刃.我还没有来的及将它拔出,,她已把它咬成了碎片.那个可恶的小家伙很愚蠢,但我应当保护她,此时我对自己这样说.B.Fillintheblankineachsentencewiththebestwordorexpressionfromtheboxbelow,changingitsformwhennecessary:ApologeticmotionapprehensiondistrustfulprofusionadmonishterrifyingcoaxcontemptibleensuedesistoverpowerTheyheardofthetrafficaccidentandimmediatelyrushedtothehospital,fullofapprehensionsaboutthesafetyofthepassengers.Theterrifyingexplosionoccurredearlyinthemorning.Asheenteredthenewlydecoratedbuilding,anoverpoweringsmellofpaintmadehimfeelquitesick.Theoldmanyelledoverandoveragain—stopthief,stopthief!||Butnobodydidanything.Theindifferenceoftheonlookerswasreallycontemptible.Thepolicemotionedforthecrowdtomoveontothenextstreet.InKunming,flowersgrowingreatprofusionalltheyearround.Thefansshoutedandclappedsoloudlythatintheensuingconfusionnobodycouldhearathing.Theboyswerefrightened,butthepolicemanagedtocoaxthemintotellinghimwhattheyhadseenthatnight.A.Choosetherightwordorexpressioninthebracketstocompleteeachofthefollowingsentences:Thegirllookedatthedoctor(terrifyingly,terrified).—Ifyoufinishallthehomeworktonight,we'llgoforapicnictomorrow,―he(admonished,coaxed).Hethoughttheirbehaviorwas(contemptuous,contemptible),buthedidn‘tsayanythinginfrontofthehost.Summonedbytheboss,heapproachedhisofficefullof(apprehension,distrust).Hewassincerelysorryforwhathappenedattheparty,sopeopleacceptedhis(excuse,apology).Theywerewalkingintheforestwhentheyhearda(terrifying,terrific)roarwhichmadetheirbloodfreeze.Obviouslytheyweregettingnowherewiththemeeting,sohedecidedto(desist,resist)frommakingafinaldecisionthatafternoon.—Howcanyousaythatyoudon'twanttoseeyourgrandmother?||thefather(admonished,coaxed).E.ExplaintheunderlinedwordsinEnglish:1…verycleanandapologetic……itwasuptometotellthem;•一.Andthere‘sbeenalotofsicknessaround..Nothingdoing.5.I‘mheretolookatherthroatonthechancethatshemighthavediphtheria…6.We‘regoingthroughwiththis.7，，Ttoohadgotbeyondreason.8.Myfacewasburningwithit.KeyEpoliteItwasmyduty…Therehasbeenalotofsickpeoplenearourhome.Shedidnothing.Tbably,possiblyWe‘llcontinuetotheend.becameunreasonablepleasureandenjoymentF.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish:玛蒂尔达病了三天了,母亲给她吃了药也不见好,只好请来了医生.由于玛蒂尔达的学校里有学生患白喉,而且已经有两个孩子死去,医生到奥尔逊家后首先要检查玛蒂尔达的喉咙.但是无论怎么劝,她就是不肯张开嘴,于是医生只得用压舌板伸进她的嘴里.然而玛蒂尔达竟然把压舌板咬碎了.为了保护玛蒂尔达本人及其他的儿童,医生必须弄清玛蒂尔达是否患了白喉,以便给予及时的治疗.于是他让玛蒂尔达的父亲抓紧她的手腕,自己用力掰开了玛蒂尔达的嘴,发现她果然得了白喉.这个故事使我们想到这样一个问题,生活中有的事不能全靠自愿,在有的情况下,一定的强迫似乎是必要的.KeyF.Mathildahadbeenillforthreedays.Hermotherhadgivenhersomemedicine,butitdidn‘tdoanygood.Sotheyhadtoaskthedoctortocome.TherehadbeenanumberofcasesofdiphtheriainMathilda‘sschoolandtwoofthemhadbeendead.WhenthedoctorarrivedatOlson‘shome,hewantedtoexamineMthilda‘sthroatfirst.Butnomatterhowhecoaxed,,Shewouldn‘topenhermouth.Sothedoctorhadtogetthetonguedepressorintohermouth.ButMathildareducedittosplinters.InordertoprotectMathildaherselfandotherchildren,thedoctorhadtomakesurewhethershehaddiphtheriaornot,sothathecouldtreatherintime.LettingMathilda?sfatherholdherwristshetriedhisbesttoopenhermouthandfoundshereallyhaddiphtheria.Thisstorymadeuscanthinksuchaquestionthatsomethinginlifecan‘tonlydependonselfwillingness.Undersomecircumstances,certainforceseemsnecessary.G.Writeashortpassageof150-200wordsinEnglishonthetopic—CommentontheDoctor'sBehavior.—Youshouldcovrethefollowingpoints:Whyhewantedtoexaminethegirl‘sthroat;howhetriedtocoaxhertoopenhermouth;whatmadehimdecidetouseforcetoseeherthroat;youropinionofthedoctor‘sbehavior.KeyG.CommentontheDoctor‘sBehaviorAfterthedoctorarrivedatthegirl‘shome,hewantedtoseeherthroat.Astherehadbeenanumberofcasesofdiphtheriaintheschooltowhichthegirlwentduringthatmonth,thedoctoralsothoughtthatofthegirl.Sohesmiledtothegirlandaskedhertoopenhermouthandlethimhavealookatherthroat.Nomatterhowthedoctorcoaxed,thegirlshuthermouthfirmly.Thinkingthatthegirlmighthavediphtheriaandpossiblydieofit,thedoctordecidedtouseforcetoopenhermouth.Hehadseenatleasttwochildrenlyingdeadinbedofneglectinsuchcases.Hefeltthathemustgetadiagnosisnow.Sohegraspedthegirl‘sheadwithhislefthandandtriedtogetthewoodentonguedepressorbetweenherteeth.Butwhenthedoctorgotthewoodenspatulabehindherlastteeth.Shegrippedthebladebetweenhermolarsandreducedittosplinters.Inthefinalunreasoningassaultthedoctorouterpoweredthegirl.Heforcedtheheavysilverspoonbackofherteethanddownherthroattillshegagged.Herbothtonsilswerecoveredwithmembrane.Fromthatthedoctorhaddone,Ithoughthewasaresponsibleperson.Inordertosavethelivesofthepatients,especiallythosechildrenwhodidnotknowhowtoco-operatewiththedoctor,hehadtotakesomemeasure.Otherwiseagoodorsuitabletimeoftreatmentwouldbemissed.LessonFourDieasYouChooseA.Answerthefollowingquestionsonthetext:IseuthanasiaopenlypracticedinHolland?WhydidthedoctorsintheU.S.sometimessecretlypracticeeuthanasiawithoutconsultingthedyingpatients?Whatisthedifferencebetweenpassiveeuthanasiaandactiveeuthanasia?Doyouthinktheymakeanydifference?Whatisa—living-will―?DidHippocratesprohibiteuthanasia?DidmostancientGreekdoctorsandthinkersagreewithhisban?Whatdidtheauthorwanttotellthereaderbypresentingthishistoricalfact?Whatisthedangerinvolvedifeuthanasiaislegalized?WhydidtheauthorsaythatWestGermanywillnotbeabletolegalizeanyformofeuthanasiaforalongtimetocome?Whatistheauthor‘sviewoneuthanasia?KeyAYes,itis.Becausetheycouldrarelydiscusseuthanasiaopenlywithpatientsandvoluntaryeuthanasiawastaboo,thedoctorhadtomakethedecisionhimself.Passiveeuthanasiameansthedoctorletsthepatientdiewithoutgivinghimanytreatmentonhisownrequest.Activeeuthanasiameansthedoctorkillthepatientbygivinghimaninjectionorenoughpainkillers.No,Idon‘tthinktheymakeanydifference.—Livingwill—isawillmadebyapersonwhenheislivingthathedoesnotwantlifeprolongedwhenheisdying.Yes,hedid.No,theydidn‘t.TheauthorwantedtoexplainthatwheninancientGreecedoctorsandthinkershadthecouragetodisagreewithHippocrates,weshouldsupporteuthanasiatoday.Itmayposedangersforsocietybysettingaprecedentforkilling.WestGermanywillnotlegalizeanyformofeuthanasiaforalongtimebecauseoftheshadowofthepast.Theauthorhasanappositiveattitudetowardseuthanasia.Hesupportsit.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese:Theneedforlawsoneuthanasiacannotbedodgedformuchlonger.InHollandmercy-killingisacceptedbythemedicalestablishmentandopenlypracticedafewthousandtimeseachyear.Thedebateoneuthanasiawillrumbleonintotheautumn,whenCaliforniansmayvoteonaproposedlawlegalizingeuthanasia.Manypeopleacceptthatitissad,undignifiedandgruesometoprolongthethroesofdeathwithallthemightofmedicaltechnology.Howlongcanthedistinctionbetweenkillingandlettingdieholdout?Ishethennecessarilywrongifheadmi