Unit5复习学案人教版英语八年级下册

/11/11/学员编号：所属年级：初二课时数：3学员姓名：辅导科目：英语学科教师：课程主题：17-06-八下Unit5授课时间：学习目标1．掌握本单元出现的一些重点词汇和重要句型，并能灵活运用2．学会描述一次难忘的经历3．掌握过去进行时的语法；掌握状语从句引导词的语法教学内容一、重点词汇【知识梳理】1．beginv.(began)开始I’llbeginwheneveryou’reready.你什么时候准备好我就开始。【拓展】常用的句型：begintodo与begindoing一般来说，begintodo和begindoing可以互换，但在以下三种情况下，用todo。I.主语不是指人，而是it等。如：Itbegantorain.II.begin后接表示心理活动的词。如：begintoknow还有believe,wonder,think等词。III.begin本身是ing形式，为避免重复后接todo。即：beginningtodo2．heavilyadv.在很大程度上；大量地movingheavily吃力地移动Itwasrainingheavily.雨下得很大。3．asleepadj.睡着fallasleep入睡，睡着【辨析】区别sleepy,asleep&sleep(1)sleepy是形容词，可意为“困倦的；瞌睡的”，可作定语和表语。如：I’llgotobed.I’msleepy.我要去睡觉了。我困了。(2)asleep是形容词，意思是“睡着的”，强调状态，常作表语。短语fallasleep意为“入睡；睡着”。GrandmafellasleepwhenwatchingTV.奶奶看电视时睡着了。(3)sleep可作动词，意为“睡觉”，也可作名词，意为“睡眠；睡觉”。如：Myfatherissleeping.Pleasekeepquiet.我父亲在睡觉，请保持安静。4．passagen.章节，段落passage作“(文章的)段落”解时,不限于文章的一个自然段,也可以由若干句话或若干个paragraphs组成。passage也可作“一段,一节”解,一般指讲话、文章或乐曲的一部分。Theteacherspentanhourinexplainingthispassage.老师用了一小时来讲解这一段。Choosethecorrectorderofthefollowingsentencestoformapassage.把下列句子排好顺序组成一篇短文。5．pickup(=pickupthephone)接电话pickup还有以下含义：(1)拾起；抱起Thechildrenpickedupmanyseashellsattheseashore.孩子们在海边捡到许多贝壳。Pickthatbookup.把那本书拣起来。(2)搭载Thecarstoppedtopickmeup.汽车停下来接我。6．atfirst“起初，首先”，作为介词短语，只起副词作用（在句中用作状语）。atfirst主要用于强调前后对照，暗示接下去的动作与前面的动作不同甚至相反，因此常有but,afterwards,soon,atlast等相呼应。Atfirstweusedhandtools.首先我们使用手工工具。AtfirstIdidn’twanttogo,butsoonIchangedmymind.我开始不想去，但我很快就改变了主意。7．matchvt.使比赛；使相配；敌得过，比得上；相配；与…竞争vi.比赛；匹配；相配，相称；相比n.比赛，竞赛；匹配；对手；火柴Thecoatmatchesthedress.外衣和裙子很相配。It'sdifficulttomatchthecolorofoldpaint.很难找到和旧画颜色相配的色彩。asoccermatch.一场英式足球比赛。Theboxerhadmethismatch.拳击者遇到了他的对手。Shematchedherskillagainstallcomers.她凭自己的技艺与所有来的人较量。beautythatcouldneverbematched.无人能比的美丽。8．beatv.敲打；打败Ifinallybeatherinthatmatch.我在那场比赛中最后打败了她。【拓展】1.win和beat都可用作及物动词，作"赢"、"战胜"讲时，其区别主要在于宾语的不同。2.充当win的宾语的是比赛、战争、奖品、金钱等名词，即race,match,game,competition,war,prize之类的词。Theywonthematchthistime.这次比赛他们赢了。Hewonfirstprizeinthesurfingcompetition.他在冲浪比赛中获得第一。3.充当beat的宾语的则是比赛、竞争的对手，即指人或球队的名词或代词。Weplayedverywell,andwebeatenthem.我们发挥很好，打败了他们。Webeatthestrongestteaminthefootballmatchthistime.在这次足球赛中我们战胜了最强的那个队。9．againstprep.倚；碰；撞againstone'swill违心地，违背意愿地tofightagainstevil同邪恶做斗争Areyouagainstitorforit?你对此事是反对呢还是赞成?Areyoufororagainsttheplan?你支持还是反对这项计划?10．rainstormn.暴风雨Hiscarcollidedwithanothercarduringaheavyrainstorm.他的车在暴雨中和另一辆车相撞了。11．bebusydoing忙于做某事NowsheisbusyfinishingoffabiographyofQueenCaroline.现在她正忙着完成卡罗琳王后的传记。12．Flashlightn.手电筒；闪光信号灯flashlight...tamomentinthebeamofhisflashlight...莱恩借着手电筒的光亮把它仔细研究了一会儿。13．Diedown减弱；逐渐平息down...nremainedsteadythoughthewindhaddieddown...尽管风势已经减弱，雨还是下个不停。Thecontroversyisunlikelytodiedown.争议不大可能平息。14．Inamess零乱，肮脏，陷于窘境；乱糟糟；凌乱无序15．cleanup打扫NinaandMarywereinthekitchen,cleaningupafterdinner.吃过晚饭，尼娜和玛丽在厨房里收拾。16．fallasleepv.入睡；睡着【例题精讲】例1．Inpoor__________(地区),childrendon'thaveenoughmoneytogotoschool.例2．Theradiosaysthereisgoingtobea__________(暴风雨)thisafternoon.例3．Hewasjustfallinga__________whentherewasaloudknockatthedoor.例4．Thechairismadeofw__________.例5．Theboyisstanding__________(椅)thewall.例6．Pleasebequiet!Theboyis__________(睡着).例7．Youcan'ttakethe__________(火柴)ontothetrain,it'sdangerous.例8．He__________(read)atninelastnight.【巩固练习】1．Iknowyouarelying.Ifyoutellmethet__________,Iwillbelieveyou.2．LiMingsaidtohisfriend,"Ifthesunr__________inthewest,Iwillgowithyou."3．Itsnowedh__________lastnight,andthegroundwascoveredwithathicklayerof(一层厚厚的)snow.4．Theworkerscameandtookthef__________treeawaytoclearofftheroadaftertherainstorm.5．Ourclasswillhaveafootballmatchnextweektoc__________withClasstwo.6．Whyaredreamssos__________andunfamiliar?7．Theyfoundsomep__________ofwoodintheforest.二、语法与句型【知识梳理】1．Withnolightoutside,itfeltlikemidnight.【解析】此句中介词with表示一种伴随状况，同时还包含着某种因果关系，表示“因某种状况的存在而导致……”,因此可翻译成“由于；因为”等。e.g.Withmyparentsaway,I’mthekingofthehouse.我爸妈不在家，我可是家中的“王”了！Ican’tworkwithallthatnoisegoingon.由于那噪音响着，我无法工作。2．Ben’sdad…whilehismomwasmakingsuretheflashlightsandradiowereworking.【解析】(1)此句中的连词while的意思是“当……的时候；和……同时”，while还可以表示“而；然而；但”之意，用来说明和强调两种事情或情形不同。TomisactiveandoutgoingwhilehissisterRosaisshyandquiet.汤姆活跃外向，而他的妹妹罗莎却害羞腼腆。(2)makesure“确认，查明，核实；确保；设法保证”，其后可接句子，或接介词of及宾语，用来引入需要确认的内容。Couldyoumakesurewhattimehe’sarriving?你能确认一下他几点到达吗？MakesureyouturnofftheTVbeforeyouleavethehouse.在你离开屋子前确认关闭了电视。(3)此句中的work表示机器，器官等“运作，运转”，这是动词work的一种基本用法。Mywatchiswaterproof—thatmeansitwouldworkfineevenifit’sinwater.我的手表是防水的—这就是说即便在水里它也会正常运转。3．Itwashardtohavefunwithaseriousstormhappeningoutside.【解析】Itisadj.+todosth.做……怎么样。Itisadj.forsb.todosth.对某人来说做……怎么样。e.g.ItisimportantforustolearnEnglish.对我们来说学英语很重要。4．WhathappenedwhileLindawasonthetelephone？当琳达打电话时，发生什么事了？【解析】(1)happen为动词，意为“发生，偶然发生”，常指具体事件的发生，特别指那些偶然的或未能预见的事件的“发生”。主语常为“事或物”。如：Abadtrafficaccidenthappenedyesterday.昨天发生了一起严重的交通事故。(2)如果表示“某人发生某事”，常用结构“某事+happened（s）+to+某人。”如：Whathappenedtoher？她怎么了？(3)sbhappenedtodosth“某人碰巧做某事”。如：IhappenedtomeetmyEnglishteacheronmywaytoschool.在上学的路上我碰巧遇见了我的英语老师。【辨析】takeplace/happen二者都表示“发生”，都是不及物动词，所以不用被动语态。而且两者都是短暂性动词，不能与“一段时间”的状语连用。takeplace表示按照预先计划、安排某事发生。Happen往往表示偶然性的、没有预料的事情“突然发生”。TheMay4thMovementtookplacein1919.五四运动发生在1919年。Howdidtheaccidenthappened？这次事故是怎样发生的？5．Whenhewokeup,thesunwasrising.当他醒来时，太阳升起来了。rise是不及物动词，意为：（价格、水位等）上涨；（月亮、太阳等）上升。Itistoohot.Thetemperaturerisesby6℃today.太热了。今天的气温一下子上升了6摄氏度。6．Myparentswerecompletelyshocked!我的父母完全震惊了。completelyadv.彻底地，完全地Iunderstandcompletely.我完全明白。shockedadj.惊愕的；受震惊的Shewassoshockedthatshecouldhardlysayaword.她大为震惊，几乎一句话也说不出来。7．Myparentsdidnottalkafterthat,andwefinishedtherestofourdinnerinsilence.insilence沉默，无声withoutspeakingormakingasound;silentlyManypatientswerewaitinginsilence.许多病人在静静地等候着。Ahundredandfiftyreporterssatinsilence.在场的150名记者静静地坐在那里。8．Sheremembersworkinginherofficenearthetwotowers.她记得当时自己正在距两座塔楼不远的办公室工作。【搭配】remember(sb)doingsth记得（某人）曾经做过某事Idon’trememberseeinghimanywhere.我不记得以前在哪里见过他。IremembermyfatherbringinghomealargeChristmastree.remembertodosth.记得去做某事Tom,pleaseremembertoturnoffthelightswhenyouleave.汤姆，当你离开的时候记得关灯。9．过去进行时（1）基本概念：过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或一段时间内正在进行的动作。这一特定的过去时间除有上下文暗示以外,一般用时间状语来表示。（2）结构was/were(not)+动词-ing（3）句式肯定式：I/He/She/Itwasworking.We/You/They/wereworking.否定式:I/He/She/Itwasnotworking.We/You/They/werenotworking.疑问式和简略回答:WasIworking?Yes,youwere.No,youwerenot.Wereyouworking?Yes,Iwas.No,Iwasnot.Washe/she/itworking?Yes,he/she/itwas.No,he/she/itwasnot.Werewe/you/theyworking?Yes,you/we/theywere.No,you/we/theywerenot.注1：(1)wasnot常缩略为wasn’t;werenot常缩略为weren’t。(2)一般过去时与过去进行时用法的比较:一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生过的动作或存在的状态,而过去进行时则表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。Davidwrotealettertohisfriendlastnight.大卫昨晚给他的朋友写了封信。(信写完了。)Davidwaswritingalettertohisfriendlastnight.大卫昨晚一直在给他的朋友写信。(信不一定写完。)Practice:Lookatthepictureandmakeupthedialogues.【例题精讲】例1．Theroomisdark,pleaseturnonthese__________(light).例2．雷锋总是乐于助人。LeiFengwasalways____________________helpothers.例3．昨天这个时候，他在给小树浇水。Thistimeyesterdayhe____________________thetrees.例4．I__________(telephone)afriendwhenBob__________(come)in.例5．吉米已经用完了所有的钱。Jimmyhas______________________________allhismoney.例6．Whileyou__________(take)ashower,IcalledLindaandshehelpedme.例7．我把一些衣服赠给了这个小女孩，因为我穿着太小。I____________________someclothestothelittlegirlbecausetheyaretoosmallforme.例8．在二十世纪八十代，他就成了一名医生。______________________________,hebecameadoctor.例9．我希望将来能当一名电视台记者。I______________________________aTVreporterinthefuture.例10．我认为这个女演员把木兰角色扮演得很好。Ithinktheactress__________Mulan’s__________well.例11．母亲下班回家的时候，约翰在给一个朋友写信。John____________________tooneofhisfriendswhenhismother______________________________work.【巩固练习】1．Whentheteachercamein,thestudents__________(read)thetext.2．上周五一下午这些学生一直在往墙上贴海报。Thestudents______________________________thepostersonthewallthewholeafternoonlastFriday.3．They__________(notmake)amodelshipwhenIsawhim4．--当你看见他们的时候他们在干什么？--他们在打扫教室。--What__________they__________whenyousawthem?--They____________________theclassroom.5．They__________(listen)tothemusicatthattime.6．Hermother__________（cook)whileherfatherwaswatchingTV.7．She__________(make)herdressthewholeafternoon.8．IwenttobedafterIfinishedmyhomeworklastnight.（改为同义句）I__________gotobed__________Ifinishedmyhomeworklastnight.9．Herodehisbiketoschoolyesterday.(用5:00改写句子)He____________________hisbiketoschoolat5:00yesterday.10．We__________(watch)TVwhensuddenlythetelephonerang.1．Nearlyeverybodyenjoyschicken,andthemostfamousnameinchickenisKentuckyFriedChicken.MrSanders,themanwhostartedthis(1)__________wasnotalwaysveryrich.Atonetime,he(2)__________asmallgasstationnexttoahighway(公路).Manytruckdrivers(3)__________theretogetgasandtakearest.MrSandersrealizedtheywereoften(4)__________,sohebeganservingsandwichesandcoffee.(5)__________thesandwicheshemadetastedgood,anddidn’t(6)__________toomuch,moreandmore(7)__________cametoeatathisplace.(8)__________MrSandersbegantoservefriedchicken.People(9)__________itverymuch,andhisnewbusinessgrewrapidly.Notlongafter,however,anotherhighwaywas(10)__________,andmanydriversnolongerwent(11)__________MrSanders’restaurant.Sohehadto(12)__________it.Thenhetraveledaroundthecountry(13)__________tosellhisideaofopeningfriedchickenrestaurants.He(14)__________.By1967,therewerealmost5000KentuckyFriedChickenrestaurants.Andnow,(15)__________yougointheUnitedStates,youwillseeone.Ifyoulikechicken,I’msure,you’llenjoyeatingKentuckyFriedChicken.1.A.businessB.shopC.lifeD.search2.A.foundB.workedC.sawD.owned3.A.passedB.gottoC.stoppedD.left4.A.lateB.hungryC.tiredD.sick5.A.AlthoughB.IfC.AsD.Once6.A.needB.payC.spendD.cost7.A.passengersB.driversC.studentsD.doctors8.A.ThenB.SoC.ButD.For9.A.ateB.likedC.triedD.drank10.A.appearedB.foundC.builtD.broken11.A.outB.toC.overD.on12.A.closeB.runC.returnD.take13.A.tryingB.believingC.thinkingD.suggesting14.A.failedB.failsC.succeedsD.succeeded15.A.wheneverB.whereverC.whereD.when课后巩固●请将本次课错题组卷，进行二次练习，培养错题管理习惯●学霸笔记复习，培养复习习惯1．Rosalikedmakingupstories.Shewasso(1)__________thatherclassmatesbelievedherfromtimetotime.Infact,thewholeclassbelievedher!Atfirstshesupposeditwas(2)__________.Now,asshegotupto(3)__________beforetheclass,Sheknewthatmake–believestorieshadsomewayofcomingbacktomakeyousad.Rosa’sparentswereseparated.Ninemonthsoutoftheyear,RosalivedwithhermotherinanapartmentonAndersonStreet.Butwhensummer(4)__________,shewenttoherfather’sfarminArizona.Thefarmwasgreat!Rosarodehorsesand(5)__________withsomefarmwork.Herfather,however,wasso(6)__________thathecouldn’tfindtimetogoplaceswithher.Whenshearrivedeachsummer,herfatherwould(7)__________herattheairportandtakeherouttoeat.Andthedayshewentbacktothe(8)__________hewouldalwaysbuyherapresent.Whensummercametoaclose,Rosa(9)__________tohermother.Atschoolsheheardlotsofstoriesherfriendstoldabouttheirfamilytrips.Rosawishedshehada(10)__________totalkabout.Notlongafter(11)__________began,Rosawaslookingthroughtravelmagazinesintheschoollibrary.Theytalkedaboutmanyexciting(12)__________,likeEnglandandGermany.WhenRosa’sfriendsaskedwhatshehaddonethatsummer,shemadeupsomethingthatwasnot(13)__________.Rememberingthetravelmagazinesshehadlookedat,shetoldherclassmatesthatsheandherfatherhadgoneto(14)__________.WhentheclassbeganstudyingEngland,Mr.ThomasaskedRosatotellallthethingsshecould(15)__________abouthertriptoEngland!1.A.afraidB.worriedC.sureD.happy2.A.jokeB.funC.turnD.game3.A.talkB.teachC.showD.travel4.A.passedB.arrivedC.lastedD.changed5.A.madeB.playedC.helpedD.did6.A.weakB.pleasedC.busyD.lonely7.A.showB.visitC.meetD.send8.A.farmB.cityC.familyD.school9.A.wroteB.calledC.movedD.returned10.A.familyB.schoolC.teacherD.farm11.A.meetingB.schoolC.summerD.talk12.A.peopleB.citiesC.languagesD.places13.AinterestingB.trueC.longD.same14.A.EnglandB.GermanyC.farmD.home15.A.thinkB.seeC.rememberD.read2．假设你上周你和父母去了杭州游玩，请你写一篇短文介绍游玩的情况。要求：1、包括信息中提及的所有内容，语句通顺，条理清楚。2、字数60个词左右（开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数）,可适当加以发挥。train.Itastweek,IwenttoHangzhouwithmyparents.Ittookusabouttwohoursbytrain.Itwasareallywonderfultrip!3．Doyouhaveaheadache?Takeanaspirinoreatbirdbrains.Doyouwantbeautifulskin?Useskincreamoreatpearls.Isyourhairturninggray?Coloryourhairoreatblackrice.“Eatbirdbrains,pearls,andblackrice?”somepeopleask.“Howstrange!”ButformanyChinesepeople,birdbrains,pearls,andblackricearenotstrangethingstoeat.Instead,theyaregoodmedicines.Foodthatpeopleuseformedicinesiscalledmedical(药用的)food.TheChinesehaveeatenmedicinalfoodandspices(香辛料)forcenturies.Ginger,forexample,isacommonspiceinChinesecooking.Gingergivesfoodaniceflavor.TheChinesebegantousegingermanyyearsago.Theyusedgingernotbecauseittastedgood.Theyusedgingerbecauseitwasmedicinal.Ginger,theythought,wasgoodforthedigestion.Italsohelpedpeoplewhohadcolds.Pepperandgarlic,too,wereprobablymedicinesalongtimeago.Somepeopledon’tbelievethatfoodandspicesaregoodmedicines.Theywanttobuytheirmedicineindrugstores,notinsupermarkets.Otherpeoplewanttotrymedicinalfood.Theysay,“Maybemedicinalfoodcan’thelpme.Butitcan’thurtme,either.”PeoplecantrymedicinalfoodataChineserestaurantinSanFrancisco,California.Therestaurantservesmedicinalfood.Themenusattherestauranthavealistofdinners.Nexttoeachdinnerthereisinformationaboutthefood.Theinformati