2021-2022学年新高一入学摸底考试英语试卷考试版(新高考)(公共版)

2021—2022学年新高一入学摸底考试英语试卷考试版（新高

考）（公共版）英语试题（试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟）注意事项：答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。WhatwillSamdotonight?C.Haveameeting.C.Travelingtothetown.C.Haveameeting.C.Travelingtothetown.C.TheChildren’sCenter.C.$8.Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoingfirst?A.Havingbreakfast.B.Buyingthemedicine.Whereisthemanprobablygoingnow?A.Agiftshop. B.Hisbrother’shouse.Howmuchisaconcertticketforachild?A.$2. B.$4.Whatdoesthemanlikeaboutthemovie?A.Itsfunnyplot.B.Itsmusic.C.Itsactors.

A.Itsfunnyplot.B.Itsmusic.C.Itsactors.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。Whatdidtheboydofirstlastnight?A.Helistenedtomusic.B.HewatchedTV.WhatisWimbledonabout?A.Tennis. B.Films.听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。Whatdidtheboydofirstlastnight?A.Helistenedtomusic.B.HewatchedTV.WhatisWimbledonabout?A.Tennis. B.Films.听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。Whatistheman’scousin?A.Asailor. B.Ateacher.Howdoesthemanliketeaching?A.Exciting. B.Boring.C.Hereadtextbooks.C.Music.C.Ajournalist.C.Challenging.听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。Whatistheroomlike?A.Bigbutold. B.Bigandnew.Whatwillbearrangedfirst?A.Thechairs. B.Thebed.Wherewillthechairsbeput?C.Smallbutnew.C.Thedressingtable.A.Closetothewindow.B.Infrontofthefireplace.C.Behindthedressingtable.听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。Wherewillthespeakersgofirst?A.Amuseum. B.Ashop. C.Arestaurant.Whatdoesthewomanhavenointerestin?TastingIndianfood.Seeinguniqueanimals.Takingawalk.Whywon’tthespeakersgoshopping?Theshoppingmallisalittlefar.Theydon’thaveenoughmoney.Itwilltakethemtoomuchtime.Howwillthespeakersgototheseashore?A.Onfoot. B.Bysubway. C.Bycar.听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。WhatcanwelearnaboutMrs.Green?Shealwaysdrivesveryfast.Shehasanoldandsmallcar.Sheonlydrivesadayeveryweek.What’sthecolorofMike’scar?A.Blue. B.Black. C.White.Whohasaveryoldcar?A.Mike. B.Mrs.Bates. C.Joe.WhatistherelationshipbetweenJoeandthespeaker?A.Hiscousin. B.Hisfriend. C.Hisuncle.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AStuckathome?Thesefamousmuseumsoffervirtualtoursyoucantakeonyoursofa.AccordingtoFastCompany,GoogleArts&Cultureteamedupwithover2,500museumsandgalleriesaroundtheworldtobringyouvirtualtoursandonlineexhibits.GuggenheimMuseum,NewYorkGoogle’sStreetViewletsvisitorstourtheGuggenheim’sfamousspiral（螺旋式）staircasewithouteverleavinghome.Fromthere,youcandiscoverincredibleworksofartfromtheImpressionist,Post-Impressionist,ModernandContemporarytimes.PergamonMuseum,BerlinAsoneofGermany’slargestmuseums,Pergamonhasalottooffer—evenifyoucan’tphysicallybethere.ThishistoricalmuseumishometoplentyofancientworksincludingtheIshtarGateofBabylonand,ofcourse,thePergamonAltar.VanGoghMuseum,AmsterdamAnyonewhoisafanofthistragic,giftedpaintercanseehisworksupclose(or,almostupclose)byvirtuallyvisitingthismuseum—thelargestcollectionofartworksbyVincentVanGogh,includingover200paintings,500drawings,andover750personalletters.TheJ.PaulGettyMuseum,LosAngelesEuropeanartworksfromasfarbackasthe8thcenturycanbefoundinthisCaliforniaartmuseum.TakeaStreetViewtourtodiscoverahugecollectionofpaintings,drawings,sculptures,manuscripts,andphotographs.ToseemoreofGoogleArts&Culture’scollectionofmuseums,visitthecollection’swebsite.Whichonewillyouvisitifyoulikemodernart?PergamonMuseum.GuggenheimMuseum.TheJ.PaulGettyMuseum.VanGoghMuseum.WhowillbeinterestedinPergamonMuseum?Onewhoisfondoftragicfilms.OnewhoenjoysEuropeanartworks.OnewholikespaintingsofVanGogh.Onewhoisinterestedinancientartworks.WhatisspecialabouttheJ.PaulGettyMuseum?ItisoneofthelargestmuseumsintheUSA.ItistheonlyhometoartworksinCalifornia.Itincludesallformsofartworksintheworld.ItexhibitsEuropeanartworksfromthe8thcentury.BSharkattacksinthescreenareamazing.That’sbecauseyouractualchancesofeverbeingattackedbyasharkaremereonein11.5million.That’sroughlythesameasyourchancesofwinninganOscar,whichmakessharkattacksurvivor,MikeCootsbothincrediblyunluckyandlucky:WhenMikewas18,helosthislegtoasharkbite.“IwasattackedbyatigersharkinlateOctober1997.ItwasnearmyhomeontheislandofKauai—atypicalfallmorningwithfriends.Thewaveswerereallygood,sonothingwasstoppingus.”ThatisuntilalargesharkcamerightupunderMikeandsankhisteethintoMike’slowerleg.Ashetriedtofreehimself,thesharkbitdownharder,shakingitsheadbackandforthandtossingMikearoundlikearagdoll.Mikefollowedhisinstinct:Hestruckthesharkintheface,againandagainuntilthesharkreleasedhim.AsMikeswambackintoshore,herealizedhislowerrightlegwasgone.Mike’sfriendsrushedtohisaid,andsenthimtothehospital.AssoonasMikewaswell,hedidwhatmanyofusmightconsiderunthinkable:hestartedridingthewavesagain.Infact,hisfirsttimebackwasnearthesiteofhisattack.ButMikewasunshaken.Instead,hewascurious—whywasheattacked?Hiscuriosityledhimtoresearchsharks,andMikedidlearnsomethingthatwouldchangehislife:Humansarefarmoredangeroustosharksthantheotherwayaround.Hissituationasasharksurvivorempoweredhimtogivesharksavoice,Mikesays.HebeganworkingwiththeHawaiistateauthoritiestohelppassaban（禁令）onshark-derivedproducts.“Ipartneredwithotherlike-mindedsharkattacksurvivorsandmarinebiologists,andweheadedtoWashingtontourge（极力主张）senatorstocreateanationwidebillprotectingsharks.”Whydoestheauthorshowthechancesofbeingattackedbysharks?Toinformreadersofsomerelevantknowledge.ToshoweveryonehasthechanceofwinninganOscar.Toattractpeopletowatchsharkattacksinthescreen.TohighlightMike’sunusualexperienceofthesharkattack.HowdidMikesurvivethesharkattack?Byhittingthesharkhardcontinually.Byswimmingdesperatelytotheshore.Byscreamingloudlyforhisfriends’help.Byshakingitsheadupanddowntogetaway.WhatcametomindwhenMikerodethewavesagain?Toovercomehisfearofsharks.Tofindoutthereasonforhisbeingattacked.Toprovehumansaremoredangerousthansharks.Toresearchonhowsharksattackhumans.WhatdidMikedotoprotectsharks?Hepassedabanonshark-derivedproducts.Heurgedsharkattacksurvivorstoprotectsharks.Hetriedtohelptheauthoritiestoprotectsharks.HesignedanationwidebillinWashington.CToomuchscreentimeforkidscanleadtopoorhealth,theAmericanHeartAssociation（AHA）says.AscientificstatementpublishedbytheAHAinthemedicaljournalCirculationsaidscreentimefromsmartphones,tabletcomputersandotherdevicescanleadkidstoasedentary（惯于久坐不动的）lifestyle,increasingthepossibilitythattheygrowupasoverweightorobese^E胖的）.TheAHAisthelatestorganizationurgingparentstolimithowmuchtimetheirkidsspendinfrontofscreens.Itrecommendschildrengetonetotwohoursofscreentimeeachday.Althoughtelevisionviewingamongchildrenandteenshasdropped,theuseofsmartphonesandtabletcomputershassurged.“Althoughthemechanisms（机制）linkingscreentimetoobesityarenotentirelyclear,therearerealconcernsthatscreensinfluenceeatingbehaviors,mainlybecausechildrendon’tnoticewhentheyarefullwheneatinginfrontofascreen,”saidTracieBarnett,aresearcherattheINRS-InstitutArmand-FrappierResearchCentre,inastatement.Barnett,oneoftheauthorsofthestatement,alsourgesparentstokeepscreensoutofkids’bedrooms,raisingthefearthattoomuchscreentimecanaffectsleep.Manystudieshavewarnedaboutthepotential（潜在的）negativeeffectsoftoomuchscreentime.Lastyear,astudyfromresearchersatSanDiegoStateUniversity（SDSU）foundnearlyhalfofteenswhospentfiveormorehoursinfrontofscreenseverydayexperiencedlongperiodsofhopelessnessorsadness.Apple,whomakestheiOSmobileplatform,planstointroducenewtoolstodevicestohelpuserscutbackonscreentime.AsforiOS12,iPhoneswillincludeascreentimefeaturewhereuserscancontrolandreviewhowtheyspendtimeontheirmobiledevices.AnothercompanythatmakestheAndroidplatformwillintroduce“digitalwell-being”toolssuchasscreentimelimitsanda“winddown”optiontoencourageuserstoputdowntheirphonesbeforebed.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword“surged”inparagraph2?A.Increasedsuddenly. B.Decreasedslowly.C.Stayedthesame. D.Lostthebalance.Howdoscreensinfluencechildren’seatingbehavior?Bychangingthetimetheyeat.Bychangingtheirtasteforfood.Byinfluencinghowfasttheyeat.Byinfluencingtheirfeelingoffullness.WhateffectdidtoomuchscreentimehaveinSDSU’sstudy?A.Itaffectedchildren’ssleep. B.Itledtochildren’sobesity.C.Itresultedindietproblems. D.Itnegativelyinfluencedmoods.WhatwillAppledotodealwiththescreentimeproblem?Reduceitsproducts’batterylife.Provideascreentimefeature.Introduce“digitalwell-being”tools.Adda“winddown”optiontoitsproducts.DLasVegascityinNevadaisbuiltinadesert.Thecitymaybeknowntotheoutsideworldforitspartying.Butofficialshavefoundthatthereare21squarekilometersofuselessgrass.Thegrassisneverlaidon,playedonorevensteppedon.Thegrassisonlytheretolooknice.Now,thecityisaskingtheNevadastatelegislature（立法机构）tobanuselessgrass.ItistryingtobecomethefirstplaceinAmericatobanthatkindofgrassoftenseenbetweenstreets,inhousingdevelopmentsandinofficeparks.Itisestimatedthatuselessgrassmakesup40%ofallthegrassinLasVegasanditneedsalotofwatertosurvive.Grassneedsfourtimesmorewaterthandryclimateplantslikecactus.Bytearingoutthegrass,thecitycouldreduceyearlywaterusageby15%.In2003,theSouthernNevadaWaterAuthoritybanneddevelopersfromplantinggrassinfrontofnewhomes.Italsoofferedhomeowners$30foreachsquaremeterofgrasstheytearout.Butfewerpeoplearenowusingtheprogram.WaterusagehasincreasedinsouthernNevadaby9%since2019.Andlastyear,LasVegassetarecordof240dayswithoutmajorrainfall.TheColoradoRiverprovidesmuchofNevada’sdrinkingwater.Therivercouldlosemorewaterasclimatechangeaffectsit.Waterofficialsinotherdrycitiessaidwaterusageneedstobereduced.ButtheyfearthereactiontoreformsliketheonesinLasVegasiftheircommunitiesdonotacceptthem.CynthiaCampbellisthewaterresourcesadviserforthecityofPhoenixinArizona.“Theremightcomeapointwhencityrestrictionsgettoosevere（苛刻的）forsomeresidents（居民）.They’llsaythatisthepointofnoreturnforthem,”Campbellsaid.“Forsomepeople,it’sapool.Forsomepeople,it’sgrass.”WhydoesLasVegascitytrytobanuselessgrass?A.Toprotectthelocalpeople. B.Tobeautifythecity.C.Toreducewaterusage. D.Toreducewaste.WhatprogramwascarriedoutinLasVegasin2003?Allowingplantinggrassbeforenewhouses.Encouragingtheresidentstotearoutgrass.Praisingthosewhosignedontheprogram.Awardingthosewhoreducedwaterusage.WhatisimpliedinCampbell’swordsinthelastparagraph?Manyresidentswon’tfollowtheban.Reactiontothereformwillvarypersonally.Othermeasuresshouldbetakentoprotectwetter.Waterofficialsshouldtakemanyfactorsintoaccount.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?LasVegasPlanstoBanUselessGrassAMethodIsAdoptedtoSaveLasVegasChoicesbetweenBeautyandPracticeGrassIsImportantbutUselessinLasVegas第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenitcomestohavingfuninthesun,it’seasytolosetrackoftime.Ifyou’renotcareful,thiscanbequitedangerous.36Butitcaneasilybeprevented—allyouneedisalittlesunscreen.37Peoplehavebeenusingchemicalpastestoprotectthemselvesfromthesunforcenturies.ButthefirstmodernsunscreensoldonthemarketwasofferedbyFrenchcompany:L’orealin1935.Severalothercompanieswerequicktoreleasetheirownsunscreens.Perhapsthebiggestadvancementintheworldofsunscreencameinthe1970s,whenscientistsstartedlookingatthesunprotectionfactor,orSPF.38Theadvantagesofusingsunscreenareobvious.Itlimitsthepainfuleffectsofsunburn.39Millionsofpeoplehavediedfromskincancercausedbyultravioletrays（紫外线）.Remembertoapplysunscreen30minutesbeforegoingoutside.Unfortunately,therearemanymistakenideasaboutsunscreen.40Somealsothinkyouonlyneedtoputitononceforawholeday’sprotectionorthatyoudon’tneeditoncloudydays.Noneofthesethingsaretrue.Expertssayyoushouldapplysunscreeneverytwohourswhenoutside—inthedaytime,nomatterhowdarkyourskinisorwhattheweatherislike.Anditcanevensaveyourlife.Sunscreenisnotexactlyarecentinvention.Choosingasunscreenisn’tassimpleasitusedtobe.Indirectsunlight,sunburncanoccurinlessthan15minutes.Thisratingisanumberthatshowshoweffectiveasunscreenis.It’sbelievedthatyoudon’tneedmuchsunscreenifyouhavedarkskin.Somethinkagoodmethodistocoverasmuchaspossiblewithprotectiveclothing.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Duringbreakfastthismorning,Iwatchedmyson,Jake,dragthekitchenchairtothecounter（厨房案台）.“Neverdragthechairagain,Jake!”Ishouted.He,sbeendoingthisona（n）41basisforoverayear.Eachtimeweseeithappen,mywifeandI42thesameway—shoutingathimtostop.Buteachtimewefeel43thatheisnotlearningthislesson.AsIreflectonthisfrequently-occurringscene,I 44thatI'vebeenlookingatthissituationinthewrongway.HedragsthechairbecausethechargerfortheiPadisonthe45.HewantstositthereandplaywhilethePadisbeing46.Mygoalistopreventthefloorfrombeingdamaged47hisgoalistoplaythere.Weactuallybecomea(n)48toeachother,gettingineachother,sway49evenknowingit.Forme,thedeeperinsightcomesfromrecognizingjusthowquicklyand50IkeepusingmypoweroverhimtogetwhatIwantatthe51ofwhathewants.Ijustify(使正当有理)thisbehaviorbyremindingmyselfthatIamtheadultandIamteachingmyson52andkeepinghiminline.InsteadifItookafewminutesto53whathewanted,Icouldhavemadeachangethat54eachofustoachieveourgoals.Whynot55thechargertothelivingroomnexttooursofa?41.A.singleB.randomC.voluntaryD.regular42.A.voteB.teachC.respondD.function43.A.cautiousB.disappointedC.nervousD.frightened44.A.expectB.imagineC.realizeD.predict45.A.sofaB.counterC.floorD.chair46.A.chargedB.restartedC.occupiedD.programmed47.A.sinceB.untilC.unlessD.while48.A.strangerB.barrierC.relativeD.attraction49.A.withoutB.againstC.byD.for50.A.sincerelyB.secretlyC.repeatedlyD.universally51.A.costB.requestC.bottomD.mercy52.A.consequencesB.resistanceC.strategiesD.rules53.A.writedownB.thinkaboutC.searchforD.putaway54.A.allowedB.expectedC.toldD.motivated55.A.dragB.liftC.throwD.move第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。SuzhouisaculturalandhistoricalcityinChina’sJiangsuProvince.Itiscelebratedallovertheworldforitsclassicalgardens56havebeenaddedtothelistofWorldHeritageSites.Theywerefirstlaidoutasfarbackasthe6thcenturyBCand57(reach)theirtopduringtheperiodfromthe16thcenturytothe18thcentury.Recordsshowthattherewereover200gardensduringtheirgoldenage.Thegardensshowtheimportanceofnatural58(beautiful)inChineseculture.Today,dozensofclassicalgardensarestill59goodcondition,includingtheHumbleAdministrator,sGarden,which60(have)anareaofsome52,000squaremeters.NoothergardensofSuzhouare61(large)thanit.Itwasoriginallythedwelling(住宅)ofLuGuimeng,apoetoftheTangDynasty.62(consider)as“themotherofallgardensunderthesun”,thegarden63(divide)intotheeastern,central,westernandresidentialparts.ThegardensofSuzhouare64(extreme)elegant(漂亮雅致的)andafeastforthesenses,usedasbothtouristattractions65residentialhouses.Theyalsoaddahumantouchtothenaturaldelights(乐趣)ofthegardensthemselves.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假如你是李华，你的美国朋友Peter想选修中文作为外语，为此写信征求你的意见。请按以下要求给Peter写一封回信。鼓励他选修中文；中文的魅力(两点)；学好中文的意义(两点)。注意：词数80左右；可以适当