美国文学选读复习提纲

Proses:NathanHawthorne:TheScarletLetter-Chapter2Hawthorne: 心理分析小说，以宗教罪恶观 sin评价社会。-WhyarewomenespeciallytheelderonessoharshandintoleranttoHester?Startledorastonishedbythe beauty,elegantanddignity ofHester.Thepatriarchalsociety letwomenhaveeternalizedpatriarchalideas,unfavorableforwomenadulterers.-HowdoestheauthorportrayHesterPrynne?Coreimpressiveimage:theartisticallyandfantasticallymade letterA.Appearanee-Whatdoesthescarletletterwithgoldthreadandelaborateembroidery( 朿9绣)suggests?ClueofHester'attitude:shemakesamockeryofherpunishmentbymakingthisplainsymbolofadulteryintoagorgeousdecoration.Tonegatetheawfulmeaningoftheletter.aspunishment, 血红色的A字象征这人们反对 humannature,lush, 有devilish意味，而 Hesterwantstochangeherhumanreality,tomakeitprettierthanitreallyis.-WhatdoesA”standfor?Adultery/Angel(appearingintheskywhengovernordies)/Able(Hestergainsinfluenee)-WhatkindofpersonisChillingworth?Devilordevil'semissaryorSatan:coldintellectandoldage,withouthomininefeelingsfromheartandsoul.InHester'srecalling,heis “?pale.”SharpContrastHesterChillingworthYoung,beautiful,perfectinfigureOld(inhisdecayingage),ugly,deformed, coldandindifferentHermanMelville:MobyDick-Chapter41CharacterCaptainAhabImageofAmerican:anidealistandanegonist.WillaCather:MissJewettSarahOrneJewett'spoeticprinciplesJewettbothasawriterandapersonCather'poeticprinciplesAsawriter,Jewetthasherownwritingstyle.Shefocusesontheplaceswhereshelivesandloves,andmakesthemsubject-mattersofherstories.(Wherevershemightbe,ShecarriedtheMaineshore-countrywithher.Sheloveditbyinstinet,andinthelightofwideexperienee,fromnearandfromafar.Everyday,ineveryseasonoftheyear,sheenjoyedthebeautifulcountryinwhichshehadthegoodfortunetobeborn.HerloveoftheMainecountrywasthesupremehappinessofherlife.Herstorieswerebutreflections,quiteincidental,ofthatpeculiarandintenselypersonalpleasure.Take,forinstanee,thatdear,daybreakparagraphwhichbegins BytheMorningBoat”OnthecoastofMaine?”P127paragraph3)ShewriteswithdelightfulhumorthatcomesfromherdelicateandtactfulhandlingofhernativeIanguage.(Herpersonalopinionsshevoicedlightly,half-humorously;anyexpressionwasspontaneous,theoutgrowthoftheimmediateeonversation.)And,thedistinctivethingaboutMissJewettisthatshehasherownindividualvoice.(hercommentonthestoryofamule)SherwoodAnderson:TheTriumphoftheEggF.ScottFitzgerald:TheGreatGatsbyBastatldWestEggrepresent,respectively,til®splksmorgsocietyofofd-monied,ariseo匸「吕口匚familiesarcithe"nouveauriche1仙髓(lieTwhosefo他血酩傭血Ihthe罚me舀倉谢闍他『thisdivisionwas4i^inc£andveryreftevant,"Oldmahey11wascSmsideredmarerespectable *^he^rrnopeQf11ah$|this袒e)OB^iri申bspd^ldepictfon醐陰炳玛歎£gg旦期1暉何卵We^^gg.Cq^side^forBKample,呦婕为醴(w復軽曇初EastEgg)considersGatsby's(aWestEggjesM^iQ博牌虽ynli繼sheisaccustomedtoatierding*|4idtq勒呼tE护脾(期阿s be頸HsehehasttecmniB西越|l迥v蹴h电郵t©3耳或society.H^|eftthe peopleof0fafipsearchofaricher,broader,culturalfij^erience./ffierhisexperiences晌t|碉国咖Nfcfcfkidsthe jtssttei^h^Wlifest^tobeefi^emptiHe戳ndlacinginauthentjaftf*EastEggandWestlEggtogetherfepreserittheongoingdMs^nsiosodely.b軾Eggiswhere曲豐怜eaFarlstxxratsfive:thosewithalderFnaney日戚estafalii^Bdoedehti^fcuWestEggiwwherethenewrrwwylives,andisnotconsideredasclassy,NltkreturnstoWestEggh&QU禺湖哑雇he^assomesocialcredentiaistfwtjni^itlillbwfWti HvbtnEastEgg,heisb^ngtomdeesoriidftingofhhnsefe^inawarlikeGatsbyhismighboriandthewesterncommunityisforthosestillcon^njctingtheiridentifies.ErnestHemingway:AClean,Well-LightedPlaceExistentialismandthe “LostGeneration”Although:Hemingwaywaswritingyearsbeforeexistentialismbecameaprominentcultureidea,hisquestioningoflifeandhisexperiencesasasearchingmemberofthelostgenerationgavehisworkexistentialistovertones.Nothingness:(nada)anexistentialangstabouthisplaceintheuniverseandan uncertaintyaboutthemeaningoflife .Thestruggletodealwithdespair:theolderwaitercannotactuallystaveoffdespair:ineffectivemethodsincluding:money(bar)/mockingprayers(religion)TheOlderWaiter:Lonely,recognizeshimselfintheoldmanandseeshisownfuture.TheYoungerWaiter:na?veandinsensitive,immature,demonstratesa dismissiveattitudetowardhumanlifeingeneral.Style:minimalist/icebergprincipleDeceptivepacing: 写作风格从简，导致故事节奏忽快忽慢。 Conveysonlythemostessentialinformationinthescene.SaulBellow:LookingforMr.GreenCharacteranalysis:RaynorandFieldPoets:th19Century:WaltWhitman:One'sSelfISingEmilyDickinson:I'mNobody