(2.1)-物理灭菌法-湿热灭菌法-英文

PhysicalsterilizationMoist-heatsterilizationDefinitionMoist-heatsterilizationMoist-heatsterilization

Thesaturatedsteamorboilingwaterisusedtosterilize.Moist-heathaslargelatentheatandstrongpenetratingpower.Itiseasytodenatureorcoagulateproteins,andthesterilizationeffectisreliable.

classificationMoist-heatsterilizationMoist-heatsterilizationincludesAutoclavesterilization,

Boilingsterilization

CirculationsteamsterilizationandLowtemperaturebatchsterilization.（1）AutoclavesterilizationAmethodkillsmicroorganismswithhigh-pressuresaturatedvapor.

Moist-heatsterilizationCaseComparisonofsterilizationeffectsofdifferentsterilizationmethodsonSanhuangmedicinalmaterialsherbUnsterilizedherbDry-heatsterilizationAutoclavesterilizationbacteriacountmoldcountbacteriacountmoldcountbacteriacountmoldcounthuangqin530060440<10<10<10huanglian1.3×104<1020<10<10<10dahuang20<10<10<10<10<10Tab.1ComparisonofeffectsofdifferentsterilizationmethodsMoist-heatsterilizationMoist-heatsterilizationherbUnsterilizedherbDry-heatsterilizationAutoclavesterilizationhuangqinGrayishyellowGrayishyellowbrownhuanglianYellowbrownYellowbrownBrowndahuangYellowbrownYellowbrownBrownTab.2ComparisonofinfluenceofdifferentsterilizationmethodsonappearanceCaseTab.3ComparisonofinfluenceofdifferentsterilizationmethodsoningredientcontentherbingredientPharmacopoeiastandardsUnsterilizedherbDry-heatsterilizationAutoclavesterilizationhuangqinBaicalin9%12.6%12.2%11.3%huanglianBerberine3.6%7.8%8.0%7.7%dahuangEmodin，Chrysophanol0.5%1.2%1.19%1.18%Moist-heatsterilizationCaseTab.4Temperature,pressureandtimerequiredforautoclavingTemperature（℃）pressure（kPa）time（min）1156930121982012613715（1）AutoclavesterilizationPrecautions①checkwhetherthemainpartsofthesterilizerarenormalandintactbeforeuse②Whensterilizing,thecoldairinthesterilizermustfirstbedischarged③Thesterilizationtimemustbecalculatedfromthetimewhenalltheitemstobesterilizedreachapredeterminedtemperatureandmaintainedforaprescribedtime④Afterthesterilizationiscompleted,stopheating,andwaituntilthepressuregaugegraduallydropstozerobeforereleasingthesteaminthepot（1）Autoclavesterilization（2）CirculationsteamsterilizationItisasterilizationmethodwith

100°Ccirculatingsteamundernormalpressure.

（3）Boilingsterilization

Theboilingwaterisheatedtokillsmicroorganisms.（4）Lowtemperaturebatchsterilization

Thismethodissuitablefordrugsthatmustbeheatsterilizedbutnotresistanttohighertemperatures（5）Factorsofaffectingmoist-heatsterilization①TypesandquantityofmicroorganismsDifferenttypesanddevelopmentstagesofmicroorganismshavegreatdifferencesinheatandpressureresistance.②SteampropertiesSaturatedsteamhashighthermalcontent,strongpenetratingpower,andhighsterilizationefficiency

③Propertiesofthemediuminthepreparation

Theorderofheatresistanceofmicroorganismsindiffe