人教版高中英语选修六高二(上)期末考试复习资料

Haveyoueverwishedyoucouldpaintaswellasaprofessionalartist?Ifyouwereanartist,whatkindofpictureswouldyoupaint?（这两个句子都含有虚拟语气,第一个句子中wish后面的宾语从句运用了虚拟，第二个句子是标准的“if条件句+主句”的虚拟语气）Unit1ArtIUnit1ArtI.重要短语aimatsth.瞄准aimtodosth.或aimatdoingsth.意欲，企图做某事withtheaimof带有的目的beaimedat(doing)sth.旨在…，目的在于；针对...concentrateon=focuson集中agreat/gooddeal大量intheflesh活着的；本人fleshandblood血肉之躯Iftherulesofperspectivehadnotbeendiscovered,peoplewouldnothavebeenabletopaintsuchrealisticpictures.（该句是标准的“if条件句+主句”的对过去事实进行虚拟）如果没有发现透视法，人们就不可能画出如此逼真的画.AmongthepainterswhobrokeawayfromthetraditionalstyleofpaintingweretheimpressionistswholivedandworkedinParis.（该句为倒装句，介词短语among...位于句首，整句进行了完全倒装。）那些脱离传统绘画风格的印象派画家们在巴黎生活工作.Whenpeoplefirstsawhispaintingstheywereconvincedthattheywerelookingthroughaholeinthewallatarealscene.当人们第一次看到他的画时，他们确信他们是从墙上的一个孔看一个真实的场面.5.taketheplaceofsb.=replace代替，取代takeone'splacebreakawayfromwouldratherdosthwouldrathersb.didsth.代替，取代；入座；就位脱离，摆脱宁愿做某事宁愿某人做某事（对现在或将来进行虚拟5.taketheplaceofsb.=replace代替，取代takeone'splacebreakawayfromwouldratherdosthwouldrathersb.didsth.代替，取代；入座；就位脱离，摆脱宁愿做某事宁愿某人做某事（对现在或将来进行虚拟）wouldrathersb.haddonesth.宁愿某人做某事（对过去进行虚拟）Nowadays,therearescoresofmodernartstyles,butwithouttheImpressionistsmanyofthesepaintingstyleswouldnotexist.（含有wouldrathersb.haddonesth.宁愿某人做某事（对过去进行虚拟）asaconsequence=inconsequence=asaresult结果asaconsequence=inconsequence=asaresult结果asaconsequenceof=inconsequenceof=asaresultof由于…的原因inpossessionof拥有…inthepossessionofsb=inone'spossession为某人所拥有ManyartloverswouldrathervisitthissmallartgallerythananyotherinNewYork.在纽约，比起其他艺术馆许多艺术爱好者都更乐意参观这家小型艺术陈列馆。Thegardenofthislovelymansionisalsowellworthavisit.take/havepossessionof10.considerdoingconsidersb./sth.tobe/as拥有；占有take/havepossessionof10.considerdoingconsidersb./sth.tobe/as拥有；占有考虑做某事HenryClayFrick,arichNewYorker,diedin1919,leavinghishouse,furnitureandartcollectiontotheAmericanpeople.（横线部分为现在分词作结果状语。）considerthat-clause认为，看待considerit+adj./n.+todosth.11.be(well)worth+n./doing(主动表被动)...considerthat-clause认为，看待considerit+adj./n.+todosth.11.be(well)worth+n./doing(主动表被动)...值得Unit2Poemsconvincesb.ofsthconvincesb.+thatclauseconvincesb.todosth.attempttodosth.使某人信服某事convincesb.ofsthconvincesb.+thatclauseconvincesb.todosth.attempttodosth.使某人信服某事使某人相信…说服某人做某事企图做某事goover复习，检查gothrough仔细检查；从头到尾看一遍14.ononehandontheotherhand方面14.ononehandontheotherhand方面…另一方面…scoresof许多，大量haveapreferenceforsth.scoresof许多，大量haveapreferenceforsth.更喜欢/偏爱某物appeal(tosb.)forsth为某事(向某人)呼吁appealtosb.todosth.呼吁某人做某事appealtoahighercourt向上级法院上诉sth.appealtosb.某事物对某人有吸引力bycoincidence巧合地betypicalof...是…特有的；是典型的…（sth.）makesensetosb.某事对某人来说有意义，说得通recite/read/explainsth.tosb.给某人背诵/读/解释conveyone'semotions表达情感=expressoneself表达自己的思想情感bowto...向鞠躬/屈服stay/situp熬夜takeiteasy=takethingseasy放轻松，别紧张takeone'stime别着急，慢慢来（sb.）runoutofsth.用完，耗尽（及物）（sth.）runout用完（不及物）III.III.练习：一旦有一天我们用完了自然资源，后果将无法设想。（runoutof）他来广州的目的是要找份更好的工作。（aim）3•如果有可能的话，我会告诉他答案的，但是那时我太忙了。（If）那天他迟到了的原因是因为他生病了。（reason）无论你做出什么样的决定，我都会支持你。（decision）答案：Oncewerunoutofnaturalresources,theconsequencewillbeunimaginable.HecametoGuangzhouwiththeaimoffindingabetterjob.Ifithadbeenpossible,Iwouldhavetoldhimtheanswer,butIwassobusythenThereasonwhyhewaslatetheotherdaywasthathewasill.Whateverdecisionyoumake,I'llsupportyou.Unit3HealthyLifeI.重要短语dueto由于；归功于be/become/getaddictedto对有瘾decideon对做出决定be/become/grow/getaccustomedto（doing）sth.习惯于（做）某事accustomsb./oneselfto（doing）sth.使…适应于（做）某事feellike（doing）想要（做）inspiteof不管；不顾standfor支持；代表get（sb.）into（sth.）陷入；使（某人）染上坏习惯；进入getintotheway/habitofdoingsth.养成做某事的方法/养成做某事的习惯beashamedof/that..为感到惭愧/羞愧beashamedtodosth.羞于做某事takeoff开除/脱衣/起飞/取消/休假quit（doing）sth.停止做某事atrisk处在危险之中attheriskof（doing）sth.处于（做）某事的危险中runtheriskof（doing）sth.冒（做）某事的危险takerisks（arisk）冒险managetodosth.设法做好/设法办到某事sofar到目前为止（与现在完成时连用）makesure确定；查明；弄明白preventsb.（from）doingsth.阻止某人做某事everytime每次；每当时bedesperateforsth/todosth..急切地想要某物/做某事atthemercyof任…处置；对…无能为力comeintoeffect生效；开始实施takeeffect见效；开始起作用bring/oeffect使生效；实行，实施Eg.Healwaysrunsoutofthemoneybeforepayday.他老是发工资的日子还没到就把钱花完了。Timeisrunningout.时间没了。makeup组成/编造/化妆/弥补/和解bemadeupof=consistof...由组成afewmoreminutes再多几分钟bepopularwith...=bewellreceivedby...很受欢迎bebrimfulof=befullof...充满translateAintoB把A翻译成Bweekin,weekout一周又一周daybyday一天又一天onandon继续不停地bychance/accident碰巧holdon继续/别挂断（电话）holdontosth/doingsth紧紧抓住；保留（sb./sth.）belikelytodosth.有可能=It'slikelythatsb/sthdosthEg.Heislikelytohaveknownthetruth.=It'slikelythathehasknownthetruth.tryout试验tryon试穿letout泄漏（消息）/发出（声音）/释放（人）/放宽（衣服）lookforwardto盼望teaseatsb取笑别人II.重要句型Therearevariousreasonswhypeoplewritepoetry.Somepoemstellastoryordescribesomethinginawaythatwillgivethereadera.strongimpression.Otherstrytoconveycertainemotions.（划线的是两个定语从句；其中reason在从句中作状语，因此还可以用forwhich来引导或者不用任何词。way在从句中作主语，因此还可以用whicho）人们写诗有各种各样的原因。有些诗是为了叙事，或描叙某事给读者以强烈的印象。而有些是为了传达某种感情。Theydelightsmallchildrenbecausetheyhavestrongrhymeandrhythmandhavealotofrepetition.这些童谣能使孩子们快乐，因为它们节奏感强，又押韵，而且重复多遍。WewouldhavewonifJackhadscoredthatgoal.对过去的虚拟）如果杰克踢进了那个球的话，我们就赢了。ItisnotatraditionalformofEnglishpoetrybutitisverypopularwithEnglishspeakers.它不是英诗的传统形式，但在说英语的人们中间，这种诗是很流行的。Shouldthetravelerreturn,thisstonewouldutterspeech.（utter:发出声音；讲，说出）游人归来石应语。（这是虚拟句型的倒装；可还原为：Ifthetravelershouldreturn,thisstonewouldutterspeech这类倒装只限于由if引起的虚拟条件句且仅从句倒装。）beofnoeffect无效II.重要句型It'samazingthatatmyageIamstillfitenoughtocycle20kilometersinanafternoon.感到惊奇吧，像我这样的年纪，身体健康，能在一个下午骑车跑20公里。IthinkmylongandactivelifemustbeduetothehealthylifeIlive.我想我之所以长寿而且精力充沛，要归功于我的健康生活。Ididn'tknowitcoulddoterribledamagetoyourheartandlungsorthatitwasmoredifficultforsmokingcouplestobecomepregnant.我不知道抽烟会严重损害人的心脏和肺，也不知道吸烟的夫妇的生育能力会下降。NeitherdidIknowthatmycigarettesmokecouldaffectthehealthofnon-smokers.（此句为否定词neither置于句首的部分倒装）我更不知道我吸烟还会影响那些不吸烟的人的健康。Iknowitwastimetoquitsmoking.（"It'stimeto..."是个常用句式，意为“是该做…的时候了”请与"It's（high/about）timethatsb.did/shoulddosth."比匕较）我知道该是我戒烟的时候了。IdohopesobecauseIwantyoutoliveaslongandhealthyalifeasIlive.我的确希望这样，以为我想让你过上和我一样长寿而又健康的生活。Everytimeyoufeellikesmokingacigarette,remindyourselfthatyouareanon-smoker.（此句中的everytime为连词，连接一个时间状语从句）每次你想吸烟的时候，要提醒自己你是一个不吸烟的人。YoucanhaveHIVinyourbloodforalongtime,buteventuallyitdamagesyourimmunesystemsomuchthatyourbodycannolongerfightdisease.在你的血液里，HIV病毒可以长期存在，但是它最终会使你的免疫系统严重受损，以至使你的身体不再能抵抗疾病。ItisonlywhenthediseasehasprogressedtoAIDSthatapersonbeginstolooksick.只有当这种病毒发长成艾滋病时，人才会显出病态。AnyonewhohassexwithapersoninfectedwithHIV/AIDSrisksgettingthevirus.（横线部分为过去分词作定语）Unit4GlobalwarmingI.重要短语globalwarming全球气候变暖greenhouseeffect温室效应comeabout（不及物动词短语）发生，造成comeacross偶遇；穿过comeout出来;出版comeup上来；被提出讨论comeupwith追上，赶上；提出cometo结果达到；苏醒Whenitcomesto...当谈至到...goup上升；增长subscribetosth同意，赞同；订购subscribesth.捐助；签署tendtodosth.倾向于做某事tend（to）sb.照顾/照料某人betrappedin...被困在aquantityof/quantitiesof+n.大量的resultin导致…resultfrom原因是…；由…导致asaresult=inconsequence因此asaresultof=inconsequenceof由于…的缘故buildup逐渐建立keepon保持agreat/widerangeof大量的；大范围的makeadifference有影响；有关系makenodifference对没有影响；不重要putupwith...忍受as/solongas只要andsoon等等glanceat...很快地看一眼..onthewhole大体上evenif即使，尽管beopposedto（doing）sth.反对（做）某事II.重要句型Thatprobablydoesn'tsoundverymuchtoyouortomebutitisarapidincreasecomparedtomostnaturalchanges.Sohowhasthiscomeaboutanddoesitmatter?这对你我来说很可能是无所谓的，但是跟多数自然变化相比较而言，这却是一种快速的增长。那么这种温度的增长是怎么产生的又会产生什么影响呢？Thereisnodoubtthattheearthisbecomingwarmeranditishumanactivitythathascausedthisglobalwarmingratherthanarandombutnaturalphenomenon.毋庸质疑的是地球正在变暖。全球变暖是人为的，而不是随意的自然现象。Allscientistssubscribetotheviewthattheincreaseintheearth'stemperatureisduetotheburningoffossilfuelslikecoal,naturalgasandoiltoproduceenergy.所有的科学家都赞同这种观点：人们为了生产能量而燃烧化石燃料（如二氧化碳、甲烷、水蒸气等）从而引起了地球温度的升高。Withoutthe“greenhouseeffect",theearthwouldbeaboutthirty-threedegreesCelsiuscoolerthanitis.如果没有这种“温室效应”，地球的温度将比现在的温度还要低33摄氏度左右。Itmeansthatmoreheatenergytendstobetrappedintheatmospherecausingtheglobaltemperaturetogoup.（causing...是-ing分词作结果状语）这意味着更多的热量被困在大气层中，从而引起全球温度上升。Theyalsoagreedthatitistheburningofmoreandmorefossilfuelsthathasresultedinthisincreaseincarbondioxide.他们还赞同正是越来越多地燃烧化石燃料导致了二氧化碳的增加。It'sOKtoleaveanelectricalapplianceonsolongasyouareusingit--ifnot,turnitoff!只要你在使用电气设备，你便可以把它开着，如果不用就把它关掉！Together,individualsmakeadifference.众人拾柴火焰高。线部分是过去分词作状语）你有没有想过，与火山、飓风和地震比起来，人类是多么软弱？Iwasabouttogobacktosleepwhensuddenlymybedroombecameasbrightasday.我刚要再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。线部分是过去分词作状语）你有没有想过，与火山、飓风和地震比起来，人类是多么软弱？Iwasabouttogobacktosleepwhensuddenlymybedroombecameasbrightasday.我刚要再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。Theothertwoclimbeddownintothecratertocollectsomelavaforlaterstudy,butthisbeingmyfirstexperience.Istayedatthetopandwatchedthem.（横线部分为独立主格结构作原因状语）另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。Havingstudiedvolcanoesnowformorethantwentyyears,Iamstillamazedattheirbeautyaswellastheirpotentialtocausegreatdamage.我现在已经从事火山研究20多年了，但我仍然惊羡于它们的美丽以及它们潜在的巨大破坏性。Itissaidtthatboy.whohadagreatgiftforlanguageandpersuasion,isthefatheroftheManchupeople.据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，他具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。Unit5Thepowerofnatu