人教版高中英语必修五Unit 1 Great scientists单元检测

英语人教版必修5Unit1Greatscientists单元检测单项填空从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（2011江苏高考）一Areyoustillmadather?一Notreally，butIcan'tthatherremarkshurtme.denyB.refuseC.rejectD.decline（2011辽宁高考）TheexamresultswillbeonFridayafternoon.putdownB.putoffC.putupD.putaway一Inthisdayandage,womencanhavechildrenandjobsaswell.一Ican'tagreemore.It'sgreattohavethetwo.linkedB.relatedC.connectedD.combinedYourhouseisalwayssoneat—howdoyouitwiththreechildren?manageB.serveC.adaptD.constructNomatterhowmuchmoneyyouhave,pareB.fitC.defeatD.match（2012重庆高考）We'rehavingameetinginhalfanhour.Thedecisionatthemeetingwillinfluencethefutureofourcompany.tobemadeB.beingmadeC.madeD.havingbeenmade.（2012福建高考）Pressedfromhisparents,andthathehaswastedtoomuchtime,theboyisdeterminedtostopplayingvideogames.A.realizingB.realizedC.torealizeD.beingrealized.Healwaysbringsmeaprettygifthecomestovisitme.A.bythetimeB.sometimesC.everytimeD.attimes.Thedoctorsuggestedthatthegirlinordertoloseweight.A.mustnoteatlessB.oughtnottoeatlessC.hadbetternoteatlessD.noteatless.（2012福建毕业班质检，28）Theworldisfullofwonders,weopenoureyestoseethem.A.ifonlyB.asifC.evenifD.onlyif.（2012河北普通高考模拟）一Howdidshelosesomuchweightasexpected?一eatingless,shejoggedforseveralmileseveryday.A.InspiteofB.InadditiontoC.InsteadofD.Thanksto.（2012山东潍坊一模）Thisrestaurant,byanoldcouple,hasaninviting,homelikeatmospherethatmanyrestaurantslack.A.owningB.havingownedC.ownedD.toown.Whatdoyouthinkofthesuggestionbytheexpert?A.putforwardB.putupwithC.putoffD.putoutWeallfeelitisJackaswellashiswifethatfortheirson'sbadperformanceatschool.A.aretoblameB.istobeblamedC.aretobeblamedD.istoblame（2012安徽合肥第一次质检）Idon'tknowwhoinventediPhone,butIthinkitisusefulinvention.A.the；aB.the；theC.an；theD.an；aII.完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iworkinabigcompanyandmanytimesweemployeesrunintosituationswherethereisalanguagebarrier.LastweekwhileIwas__16，oneofmycoworkerstwistedherwristwhile__17__somethingtooheavyforher.ShespeakslittleEnglishandmySpanishisbad，__18—wehaveneverhadaproblemcommunicating.Imethershortlyafterher19__.Takingalook，Iknewthatasimplefirstaid20__wasinorder.WithlittleunderstandingofwhatIwasdoing，she21thatImeanttohelp.SoshehandedmeherarmandI22__itupbeforeshelefttoseeherdoctor.TodayshecameuptomewhenIwasgettingmybreakfast.Shehuggedmewithouta23.WhenIaskedwhythewonderfulaffection，she24said“ThankyoufortakingcareofmyarmwhenIgothurt."Ihad25abouttheincident.WhenI26，Isawthatherarmwasinacast.She__27totellmethatherdoctortoldherputtingiceonherinjurywasa__28thingbutsheneverwouldhaveknowntodoit.Asshewastellingmethis，Isawhowmy__29_actofkindnesshadhadanimpactonher.Withmejusttakinga（n）30—minuteoutofmydaytohelpher，I31—afriend.ThistimeIopenedmyarmsandhuggedher.Iwasthankfultohavesucha__32—becauseyousee，thisladyhas33mebreakfastinthecanteeneverydayforthelastfouryearsandIhadneverexchanged34__greetingsandbreakfastorderswithher.Soreader，Ireachouttoyoutodayandencourageyoutopassonthe__35__.Youneverknowwhatadifferenceasimpleactofkindnessmakestoaperson.16.A.onbusinessB.atworkC.onvacationD.inpeace17.A.attackingB.rescuingC.settlingD.lifting18.A.butB.orC.becauseD.asif19.A.recoveryB.disasterC.appearanceD.injury20.A.scheduleB.experimentC.routineD.program21.A.doubtedB.wonderedC.trustedD.preferred22.A.tookB..wrappedC.packedD.rolled23.A.wordB.warningC.signD.-gift24.A.usuallyB.finallyC.exactlyD.simply25.A.remindedB.forgottenC.settledD.concerned26.A.turnedaroundB.calmeddownC.cameupD.lookeddown27.A.beganB.stoppedC.continuedD.insisted28.A.naturalB.dangerousC.goodD.useless29.A.suddenB.randomC.carelessD.selfless30.A.extraB.freeC.shortD.valuable31.A.missedB.selectedC.testedD.made32.A.positionB.momentC.powerD.choice33.A.chargedB.hostedC.servedD.heated34.A.morethanB.atleastC.manymoreD.ratherthan35.A.memoryB.kindnessC.experienceD.happinessIII.阅读理解阅读下列短文，从各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。AMichaelFaradaywasthesonofablacksmith.Therewerefourchildreninhisfamilyand，withhisfatheroftenillandunabletowork，MichaelFaradayhadtoearnhislivingfromanearlyage.Thismeantlittleornoschooling.However,thefamilybelongedtoareligiousgroup，andFaradaylearnttoreadandwriteatSundaySchool.Whenhewasonlyfourteen，Faradayfoundajobasabookbinder（装订工）.Heusedtoreadthebookshewasgiventobindandhebecameveryinterestedinthescientificbooks，particularlytheonesaboutelectricity.Hisinterestsoontookapracticalpathandhebeganconductinghisownexperiments.ThesewereverybasicbecauseFaradayhadtomakeallofhisequipmenthimself.However，hewasverycarefulandkeptaclearwrittenrecordofallhisfindings.OnedayhewasgivenanentrancetickettotheRoyalInstitutechemistrylecture，givenbyHumphryDavy.Determinedtoworkforthisgreatscientist，hesentDavyajobapplicationandincludedhislaboratoryreportsontheexperimentshehadcarriedout.In1813DavyofferedFaradayajobasoneofhislaboratoryassistants.Faradaylearntquicklyandsoonwasrecognizedasaveryableanalyticalchemist.LaterhewenttoworkattheRoyalInstitute.MichaelFaradaywas，perhaps，thegreatestpracticalscientistofthe19thcentury.Asachemist，hediscoveredthebenzene（苯），whichisnowthefocalpointofchemicalstudy.Healsoprovedtherelationshipbetweenelectricityandchemicalbonding（化学键合）.Asaphysicist，heinventedthedynamo，whichledtothelaterinventionoftheelectricmotor.Healsodiscoveredtheeffectofmagnetism（磁）onlightrays.WhydidFaradayattendSundaySchool?Hehadtoworkforabookbinderatweekdays.Hehopedtoreadmanyofthescientificbooksthere.Hewouldliketolearnreligiousknowledge.Hisfamilycouldn'taffordhisnormalschooleducation.Whenworkingasabookbinder，Faraday.publishedhisgreatfindingsonelectricitymadehisownequipmentforhisexperimentsreadmanybooksbyHumphryDavygainedhisfameasapracticalscientist.InordertogetachancetoworkforDavy，Faraday.A.boughtticketstoattendDavy'slectureB.senthisexperimentreportstoDavyC.wenttotheRoyalInstitutetovisitDavyD.offeredtodolaboratoryworkforfree.WhichofthefollowingistherightorderofFaraday'slife?a.Alaboratoryassistant.b.AstudentofSundaySchool.c.Abookbinder.d.Ananalyticalchemist.A.a-b-c-dB.b-c-d-aC.b-c-a-dD.c-b-a-dB（2012山东潍坊三县市上学期联考）AftermovingtotheUnitedStates，immigrantgroupstryingtofitintendtochoosehigh-caloriefattyfoodsinanattempttoappearmoreAmerican，anewstudyfinds.That'sonereasonwhyimmigrantsapproachUSlevelsofobesitywithin15yearsofmovingtoAmerica.TheresearchersalsodidanexperimentthatmeasuredwhetherornotthethreatofappearingunAmericaninfluencedrespondents'foodchoices.AfterbeingquestionedabouttheirabilitytospeakEnglish,75percentofAsian-AmericansidentifiedatypicalAmericanfoodastheirfavorite.Only25percentofAsian-AmericanswhohadnotbeenaskediftheyspokeEnglishdidthesame.WhentheirAmericanidentitywascalledintoquestionduringafollow-upstudy,Asian-AmericanparticipantsalsotendedtochoosetypicalAmericandishes,suchashamburgersandcheesesandwiches.Inthatexperiment,55Asian-AmericanswereaskedtochooseamealfromalocalAsianorAmericanrestaurant.SomeparticipantsweretoldthatonlyAmericanscouldparticipateinthestudy.ThosewhochosethemoretypicalAmericanfareendedupconsuminganextra182calories,including12gramsoffatand7gramsofsaturatedfat（饱和脂肪）.“Peoplewhofeelliketheyneedtoprovetheybelongtoaculturewillchangetheirhabitsinanattempttofitin,"saidSaunaCheryan,anauthorofthestudyandassistantprofessorofpsychologyatUniversityofWashington.“IfimmigrantsandtheirchildrenchooseunhealthyAmericanfoodsoverhealthiertraditionalfoodsacrosstheirlives,thisprocessoffittingincouldleadtopoorerhealth,"Cheryanadded.Socialpressures,thestudyconcluded,areattheheartoftheproblem.“InAmericansocietytoday,beingAmericanisassociatedwithbeingwhite.Americans,whodon'tfitthisimageeveniftheywerebornhereandspeakEnglish,feelthatpressuretoprovethatthey'reAmerican,"saidCheryan.Theauthorwantstoshowthat.moreandmoreAsiansenjoyhigh-caloriesnacksimmigrantstendtoeathigh-caloriefoodtoappearmoreAmericanmostAmericansareattheriskofheartdiseasealltheAmericanpeoplehaveabadeatinghabitAccordingtothesurvey,.Asian-Americanscarelessabouttheirhealth25percentofAmericanslikejunkfoodchoosingfoodisrelatedtoAsian-Americans'situationimmigrantsareforcedtoeatjunkfoodTheunderlinedword“fare"inParagraph3mostprobablymeans“".foodofferedasamealmoneypaidfortakingabusmoneyspentonfoodanarrangedthingtodo43.AccordingtoSaunaCheryan,.A.whatimmigrantshavedoneisridiculousB.traditionalAmericanfoodsarehealthierC.immigrantsrisktheirhealthinordertofitinD.AmericancultureaffectsimmigrantsdeeplyW.七选五阅读理解根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Doesfailurereallyexist?Ifyoubelieveyouhavefailed,thenyouhave.Ifyoubelieveyoudon'thavetheabilitytosucceed,thenyoudon't.__44Themomentyoudecidetogiveuporstopworkingtowardyourgoals,failureisborn.45Mostpeoplegivethemselvesanoutwithoutevenrealizingit.Theyarewillingtoworkhardonreachingtheirgoals,butonlyuntilthegoinggetstooroughortheirenergydiesdown.Don'tdothat！46__Neverquit,neveradmitfailure,andneverloseheart.Don'tbelieveinaclearfinishlineforgoals.It'sagoodideatosetageneraltimeline（时间表），butrememberthatsomethingwillbebeyondyourcontrol.__47Ifyoulockyourselfintoagiventimeline,youmightmakeyourselffeellikeafailure!Instead,getageneralideaofwhenyou'dlikeyourgoaltobecompleted.Thentakeitone

dayatatimeandfocusonmakingprogressinsteadofreachingthefinishlineinaslittletimeaspossible.Besurethatyoudon'tseedifficultiesasfailures.Difficultiesmeanonlyonething：it'snottimeforyourgoaltobecompletedyet.That'sit!Itdoesn'tmeanyoufailed；itdoesn'tmeanyou'reweak；itdoesn'tmeanyou'llneverachieveyourgoals.48You'vegottokeepmovingforwardandfindawayover,around,orthroughthedifficulties.Nevergiveuponyourself.Failureonlyexistsinyourownmind!That'sexactlyhowfailuremakesusfeel.Itsimplymeansyouhavenotdoneenoughyet.Youcanneversayexactlywhenyourgoalwillbereached.Makeupyourmindtomakeyourgoalhappen,nomatterwhat!Workhardtowardsyourgoal,andyouwillbelikelytogetgoodresults.V.短文改错增加删除修改注意假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加删除修改注意在缺词处加一个漏字符号（人），并在其下面写出该加的词。把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。DearMr.andMrs.White，I'mwritingtoyoufrommyhomeinChina.Ireturnedbackhomesafeandsound.WhenIthinkofthewonderfullytwoweeksIspendinAustralia，Ijustcan'thelpthinkingofyou.Youhasprovidedeverythingtomakemystayingheresuchahappyandluckyexperience.I'velearnedsomany，notonlyEnglishandalsoculture.Thankyouverymuch.I'llalwaysrememberthefunandlaughterwesharedeachotheraswellasyourkind.I'llgetintouchwithyouandwritetoyouoften.Pleasetakecare!Yours，WangLi".书面表达假设你是高中二年级学生李明。市政府规划在你们学校附近建设一个自由市场，但这样会破坏你们学校的教学环境。请你代表学校给市长写一封信，劝告市政府改变规划，不要在你们学校附近建自由市场。词数：100左右。参考词汇：推动经济繁荣promoteeconomicprosperity参考答案1.提示：考查动词辨析。第二句句意：不生气了，但我不否认她的话伤害了我。deny"否认”；refUse"拒绝”；reject“拒绝，谢绝，驳可，；decline“辞谢，谢绝”。答案：A提示：考查动词短语辨析oputdown"记下，放下”；putoff"推迟，延期”；putup“张贴，挂”；putaway"把收起，放好”。句意：考试结果将在星期五下午张贴。故选C项。答案：C提示：考查动词辨析。最后一句句意：把两者结合起来太好了。link“连接，联系”；relate"（把）联系起来”；connect“连接，联结”；combine"（使）联合，（使）结合”。故选D项。答案：D提示：考查动词词义辨析。manage“管理，经营”；serve"服务，服役”；adapt"使适应，改编”；construct“创立，建造句意：你家总是那么整了你是怎样带着三个孩子打理得那么好的？由句意可知，A项正确。答案：A提示：考查动词词义辨析。句意：无论你有多少钱，它都不能与一个健康的身体相比。match意为"与相匹配”，符合语境。compare作为“比较”之意时，不能直接接名词，通常后必须跟介词to或with；fit"（大小、尺寸等）适合”；defeat"击败”。答案：D提示：根据第一句"inhalfanhour”可知，会议还没有开始，因此决定还没有做出，只是将要做出，故排除B、C、D三项；动词不定式表将来，符合题意。句意：半小时后我们将举行一次会议，在会议上将要做出的决定会影响我们公司的将来。故选A项。答案：A提示：考查非谓语动词。由于此处的并列连词and是连接两个分词短语，所以第二个空也应该选择非谓语动词。又主句的主语theboy与realize之间存在主动关系，故排除表示被动的B项和D项；动词不定式短语位于句首作状语时，多作目的状语，排除C项。此处用现在分词短语表示原因。故选A项。答案：A提示：考查时间状语从句。句意：每次他来看我时，他总是给我带一个漂亮的礼物。everytime相当于一个从属连词，引导时间状语从句。bythetime"到时候为止";sometimes=attimes，意为"有时"。答案：C提示：考查虚拟语气。句意：医生建议这个女孩儿不应该为了减肥而吃得太少。suggest接宾语从句时表示"建议”，从句中应该用"should（not）+动词原形”表示虚拟，should可以省略。答案：D提示：句意：只要我们睁开眼去观察，世界就充满了奇迹。ifonly"要是……就好了”；onlyif“只要”。答案：D提示：答句句意：除了吃得少，她每天慢跑几英里。inadditionto"除了”。答案：B12.提示：考查过去分词作定语。restaurant与own之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词。答案：C提示：考查动词短语。putforward"提出"；putupwith"忍受"；putoff“推迟"；putout"扑灭”。答案：A提示：考查固定句式。sb.betoblameforsth."某人对某事负有责任”；另外宾语从句的主语是Jack，因此用单数形式。答案：D提示：句意：我不知道是谁发明了iPhone，但我认为它是一个有用的发明。第一个空表示类指，用定冠词；第二个空表示泛指，用不定冠词。答案：AII.提示：作者上班期间，一个同事伤了手腕。onbusiness"出差”；atwork“上班”；onvacation“度假"；inpeace"在和平中"。答案：B提示：同事因为提过重的东西受伤olift“举起”；attack"进攻”；rescue"拯救”；settle"解决”。答案：D提示：前后句子有转折含义：尽管同事不会说英语，作者的西班牙语很差，但是她们交流没有什么问题。答案：A提示：作者在同事受伤不久后遇到了她。injury"受伤”；recovery"恢复”；disaster"灾难”；appearance"出现”。答案：D提示：作者意识到有必要进行常规的急救。routine"常规，例行的事”；schedule"时间表”；experiment"实验”；program"项目”。答案：C提示：尽管不知道作者在做什么，同事仍然相信是在帮自己。trust"相信”；doubt"怀疑”；wonder"想知道”；prefer"更喜欢”。答案：C提示：同事伸出胳膊，作者给她包扎。wrap"包裹”；pack"打包”；roll"滚动”。答案：B提示：同事没说一句话就拥抱了作者。答案：A提示：当作者问她为什么这么做的时候，她只是说谢谢作者在她受伤时给予的帮助。simply"仅仅"；usually"通常"；finally"最后"；exactly"确切地"。答案：D提示：从作者的询问可知她已经忘记了这件事。答案：B提示：作者低头去看同事的伤。lookdown"低头看”；turnaround"转身”；calmdown"平静下来”；comeup"走上前来”。答案：D提示：根据前文可知，同事是继续同作者说话。continue"继续”。答案：C提示：同事说以前医生说过在伤处敷冰块效果好，但她不知道这么做。答案：C提示：sudden"突然的”；careless"粗心的”；selfless"无私的”；random"偶然的”。答案：B提示：对于作者来说帮助她只不过是多花了一分钟，而结果却因此获得了她的友谊。extra"额外的”；free"自由的”；short"短暂的”；valuable"有价值的”。答案：A提示：根据本段末句可知过去作者和这位同事只不过是点头之交，而现在却彼此拥抱，成了朋友。答案：D提示：作者很感激有这样的时刻（可以和同事交流）。position"位置，职位”；moment"时刻"；power"权利，力量"；choice"选择"。答案：B提示：根据本段末句中的“...breakfastorderswithher.”可知这位同事在餐厅工作。serve“服务，端（上饭菜等）”；charge“收费”；host“主办，招待”；heat“加热”。答案：C提示：以前作者和这位同事之间最多是打打招呼递过去餐单而已。atleast“至少”；morethan“不仅仅是，多于"；manymore"更多"；ratherthan“而不是"。答案：A提示：从作者经历可知对他人的一个小小的帮助也会起到很大的作用，因此作者鼓励人们把这种“善意”传递下去。kindness"好心，友好行为”；memory"记忆”；experience“经历”；happiness"幸福”。答案：BIII.A提示：细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句可知法拉第家里很穷，他没法上学，再根据本段末句，可知法拉第只好在宗教学校上学。答案：_D提示：细节理解题。根据第二段的"Hisinterestsoontookapracticalpathandhebeganconductinghisownexperiments."可知答案。答案：B提示：细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句话可知答案。答案：B提示：细节理解题。根据每段内容可知这些事件的先后顺序。答案：CB提示：作者意图题。本文是一篇研究报道，第一段是文章的中心段，根据本段第一句中的内容可知作者意在表明移民倾向于食用高能量食物以便融入美国社会。答案：B提示：推理判断题。从第二段的研究可知，75%的被询问过英语能力的亚