英语国家概况论文_第1页
英语国家概况论文_第2页
英语国家概况论文_第3页
英语国家概况论文_第4页
英语国家概况论文_第5页
全文预览已结束

下载本文档

版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领

文档简介

ThegovernmentinterventioninAmericaneconomicdevelopmentRecentlywehavediscussedeitherprivatizationornationalizationismoreimportant.ManystudentsdrawtheconclusionthatnationalizationplaysamoreimportantrolethanprivatizationintheAmericaneconomic.Next,IwanttodiscusstheinfluenceofthegovernmentinterventioninAmericaneconomyfurther.Thefirstpart,therelationshipbetweenthegovernmentinterventionandthehistory.Asweknow,theAmericanPresidentialelectionisaroundthecorner,WiththeU.S.electionjustdaysaway,ithasneverbeenmoreimportanttoconsiderwhatthenextPresidentmustdotokeepAmericacompetitive.Inthistimeofcrisis,Washingtonhasfocusedontheimmediateandtheshortterm.Lostarethemorebasicquestionswereallyneedtoworryabout,whatisthefundamentalcompetitivepositionoftheU.S.intheglobaleconomy?Andwhatmustwedotoremainstrongwhenothernationsaremakingrapidprogress?Tofindtheanswers,weshouldgetsomeknowledgeoftheAmericaneconomichistoryfirst.ThemodernAmericaneconomytracesitsrootstothequestofEuropeansettlersforeconomicgaininthe16th,17thand18thcenturies.TheNewWorldthenprogressedfromacolonialeconomytoasmall,independentfarmingeconomy,andeventuallytoahighlycomplexindustrialeconomy.SoAmericastartsfromafree-market,anditalsohasbeenwritteninthelawthateverycitizeninAmericanhastherighttopursuithappiness.Inmypointofview,wealth,ofcourse,isincludedinthemeaningofhappiness.Governmentinterventioncanbeoriginaltrackedbacktothebeginningofthecountry.TheAmericaneconomicsystemseemedworkedverywelluntiltheeconomiccrisisof1929to1933inAmerica.ForthesakeofsavingAmericaneconomy,FranklinDRoosevelt,thenewPresidentof1933,broughtalarge-scarereformintoeffectinAmerica.Becausethesereformmeasureshadcharactersofcapitalisticimprovement,thisreformwascalledFranklinD.TheNewDealadministrationofPresidentFranklinDelanoRooseveltwasacriticalwatershedinthedevelopmentofthewelfare-warfarestateintheUnitedStates.Precedentsconcerningpublicpolicyandideologysetduringthatperiodarestillwithustoday.HoweverthereismuchmythologyandmisunderstandingregardingFDRandtheNewDealfoundinacademicandpopularhistoricalaccounts.Wemustsiftthroughthevolumeofpublishedworkstryingtoascertainthetruthfulnessandaccuracyofthesestudies.Dr.GaryNorthrecentlypointedoutthatthereexistsnosinglecriticalanalysisofthishistory,writtenonascholarlyacademiclevel,whichtreatsbothdomesticandforeignpoliciesofRoosevelt’sNewDealandtheirconsequences.Whilethisisindeedtrue,thereinfactexistmanyvolumesinprintwhichundertaketoexploreandexplainthisperiod.ThisannotatedbibliographicguideisanattempttoacquaintattentionwiththisliteratureregardingFranklinRooseveltandtheNewDeal.FranklinRooseveltandtheNewDealisobviouslyagoodexampleforthegovernmentinterventioninAmericaneconomy.Besides,thereisanotherparttoshowyou.Thesecondpart,therelationshipbetweenthegovernmentinterventionandtheeconomicsystem.

TheAmericaneconomicsystemisorganizedaroundabasicallyprivate-enterprise,market-orientedeconomyinwhichconsumerslargelydeterminewhatshallbeproducedbyspendingtheirmoneyinthemarketplaceforthosegoodsandservicesthattheywantmost.Privatebusinessmen,strivingtomakeprofits,producethesegoodsandservicesincompetitionwithotherbusinessmen;andtheprofitmotive,operatingundercompetitivepressures,largelydetermineshowthesegoodsandservicesareproduced.Thus,intheAmericaneconomicsystemitisthedemandofindividualconsumers,coupledwiththedesireofbusinessmentomaximizeprofitsandthedesireofindividualstomaximizetheirincomes,bothtogetherdeterminewhatshallbeproducedandhowresourcesareusedtoproduceit.Therefore,thereisahighlevelpossibilitytocauseeconomiccrisiswithoutthegovernmentintervention.Aftertheseriouseconomiccrisis,theAmericanshaslearnedlessonsfromthat,therefore,governmentinterventionplaysaveryimportantroleintheAmericaneconomy.NowtheAmericaneconomyhasperformedremarkablywell,butourcontinuedcompetitivenesshasbecomefragile.OverthelasttwodecadestheU.S.hasaccountedforanincredibleone-thirdofworldeconomicgrowth.Asthefinancialcrisishit,therestoftheAmericaneconomyremainedquitecompetitive,withmanycompaniesperformingstronglyininternationalmarkets.U.S.productivitygrowthhascontinuedtobefasterthaninmostotheradvancedeconomies,andexportshavebeenthegrowthdriverintheoveralleconomy.InAmericaneconomy,privatelyownedandoperatedbusinesses,includingfarms,produceabout85%ofthetotalfinaloutputofgoodsandservices.Peopleinindependentprofessionalpractice,suchasdoctorlawyers,andaccountants,produceabout3%ofthetotal.Governmentunits,includingschooldistricts,turnoutmostoftherestofthecountry'sproductsandservices.Governmentworkersatnational,state,andlocallevelscomenext,withapproximately21%.Inaddition,thegovernmentinterventionhasbeenanobviousfeaturenotonlyinthesocialistcountriesbutalsointhecapitalistcountrieslikeAmerican.Thegovernmentcanstillexercisesomecon

温馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
  • 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
  • 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
  • 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
  • 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。

评论

0/150

提交评论